Strong pressure gradients are associated with uniformly cold temperatures.

a. true
b. false

The latent heat of vaporization 5gram of steam converted to liquid at 100°C is 11.3 KJ.

The latent heat of vaporization for a given substance tells you how much energy is required for one mole of that substance to undergo a phase transition or go from a liquid to a gas, at its boiling point.

Joules per gram, an alternative to the more popular kilojoules per mole, are used to express the latent heat of vaporization for water.

Therefore, we must determine how many kilojoules per gram are needed for a certain sample of water to transition from a liquid to a vapor at its boiling point.

As you know, the conversion factor that exists between Joules and kilojoules is 1 kJ = 10³ J

2260 J/g will be equivalent to

                               [tex]2260 \frac{J}{g} . \frac{1kJ}{1000J } = 2.26 kJ/g\\\\[/tex]

As we know,

2260 = 2.26 . 10³

which means that 2.26 .10³ = 2260J

This is the latent heat of vaporization 5gram of water= 2260J/g × 5g

                                                                                   = 11,300J

                                                                                   = 11.3 KJ

Therefore, the latent heat of vaporization 5gram of steam converted to liquid at 100°C is 11.3 KJ.

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When 1. 0 l of 0. 00010 m NaOH and 1. 0 l of 0. 0014 m mgso4 are mixed, there will be no precipitate formed.

The precipitate is the solid concentration of a substance that is collected over a solution.

First, we determine the concentration of magnesium and hydroxide

(Mg2+) = 7.00 × 10⁻⁴

(OH−) = 5.00 × 10⁻⁵

Now, we calculate the solubility quotient

Qc = (Mg2+) (OH−) ²

Qc = 7.00 × 10⁻⁴ x (5.00 × 10⁻⁵)²

Qc = 1.75 x 10⁻¹²

The solubility product of the magnesium hydroxide is 1.80 x 10⁻¹¹ which is more than the solubility quotient. Thus, there will be no precipitate form.

Thus, there will be no precipitate formed because the solubility quotient we calculated is less than the solubility product.

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Answer:

29 mL

Explanation:

The question needs us to find the volume of the liquid. The equation for volume using density and mass is:

Volume = Mass / Density

We can substitute the given values for density and mass into the equation:

[tex]V=\frac{25\ g}{0.87\ g/ml}[/tex]

[tex]V\approx29\ mL[/tex]

The answer we obtained (29 mL) is rounded to two significant figures. When multiplying or dividing, the amount of significant figures in the final answer is always the least amount of significant figures in one of the values.

Below are the significant figure rules:

Nonzero digits will always be significant (eg. 54 --> 2 significant figures)

Zeroes at the beginning of a number will never be significant (eg. 0.1 --> 1 significant figure)

Zeroes between two nonzero digits will always be significant (eg. 504 --> 3 significant figures)

Zeroes following a number will always be significant if the number contains a decimal point (eg. 40.0 --> 3 significant figures)

Explanation:

harmful effects of ozone layer depletion on human being are as follows :

i. It increases in certain type of cancer.

ii. It increases in eyes cataracts.

iii. It increases in immune deficiency disorder.

iv. It changes the climate.

Nuclear decay is a radioactive decay where energy is released by unstable nuclei. After thorium undergoes decay, actinium-228 will be the final product. Thus, option a is correct.

Alpha radioactive decay is the loss of two protons and neutrons from the element that results in a decrease of the atomic mass by 4 and atomic number of the element by two.

²³² Th₉₀ → ²²⁸Ra₈₈ + ⁴α₂

Beta radioactive decay is the increase of the atomic number but not the atomic mass of the element.

²²⁸Ra₈₈ → ²²⁸Ac⁸⁹ + β⁻

Therefore, option a. actinium-228 is the final product of the decay.

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Your question is incomplete, but most probably your full question was, In the initial sequence of thorium-232 decay, an alpha particle is emitted followed by a beta particle. What is the product of these two decay steps?

²³² Th → α particle + β particle + ?

Succinate dehydrogenase is the citric acid cycle considered part of aerobic metabolism even though oxygen does not appear.

The respiratory complex II, also known as succinate dehydrogenase (SDH), succinate-coenzyme Q reductase (SQR), or SDH, is an enzyme complex that is present in the inner mitochondrial membrane of eukaryotic and numerous bacterial cells. SDH converts succinate to fumarate as part of the citric acid cycle. SDH shares structural similarities with fumarate reductase, an enzyme that catalyzes the reverse process during anaerobic respiration in bacteria. (1997, Hagerhall). Succinic semialdehyde dehydrogenase impairment is brought on by ALDH5A1 gene mutations. Instructions for creating the succinic semialdehyde dehydrogenase enzyme are found in the ALDH5A1 gene.

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In the polymerization reaction, the lone pair electrons on the NH₂ groups of hexanediamine attack the C=O groups of the dicarboxylic acid in a nucleophilic substitution reaction as shown in the image.

Hydroxide is added to remove any H⁺ ions present and keep the hexanediamine in the deprotonated form, so that the NH₂ lone pair electrons are available for reaction.

If hydroxide is not added, the NH₂ groups will get protonated by H⁺  ions present to give NH₃⁺ groups, which cannot react.

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There are 2  peaks are in the proton spin decoupled 13C NMR spectrum of 1,3,5-trinitrobenzene .

The 13C NMR spectrum give the peak which is directly about the carbon skeleton not just the proton attached to it  . The number of signals tell us how many different carbons or set of equivalent carbons . The splitting of a signal tells us how many hydrogens  are attached to each carbon.

In 1,3,5-trinitrobenzene molecule , there are 2  peaks are in the proton spin decoupled 13C NMR spectrum three carbon give one signal and another three carbon give another one signal .

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It take a larger partial pressure difference for oxygen to dissolve in plasma vs carbon dioxide because of its much higher solubility in plasma.

Partial pressure is defined as the pressure of anyone gas that arises in the container with more than one gas and each gas exert pressure. Partial pressure is calculated only for gases which is exist in the same volume.

Oxygen dissolve in plasma because oxygen exerts a certain amount of partial pressure. Plasma cannot carry much oxygen because of its solubility.

Thus from the above conclusion we can say that It take a larger partial pressure difference for oxygen to dissolve in plasma vs carbon dioxide because of its much higher solubility in plasma.

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Answer:

1.1 x 10⁴ J

Explanation:

To calculate eth energy needed, you need to use the following equation:

Q = mcΔT

In this equation,

-----> Q = energy/heat (J)

-----> m = mass (g)

-----> c = specific heat (4.184 J/g°C)

-----> ΔT = change in temperature (°C)

You can plug the given values into the equation and solve.

Q = mcΔT

Q = (75.0 g)(4.184 J/g°C)(55.0 °C - 20.0 °C)

Q = (75.0 g)(4.184 J/g°C)(35.0)

Q = 11,000 J

Q = 1.1 x 10⁴ J

Answer: a. 65.37 mL
b. 5.3 cm
c. 2.08 km (plus) or 1.64 km (minus)
d. 18°C (plus) or 16°C (minus)

Explanation:

The way significant figures work when you're adding or subtracting, is you go to the answer with the least amount of decimal places. Take a. for example; you have 65.316 (3 places after the decimal) and 0.05 (2 places after the decimal place). Based off of this, you would round your answer to two places after the decimal. And when you have a whole number, like in d. you round to the nearest whole number, since there aren't any decimal places to round your answer to.

a) Mg is oxidized and O2 is reduced

b) Zn is oxidized while Pb(NO3)2 is reduced.

Oxidation is defined as:

Reduction is defined as:

Looking at the first reaction, the Mg atom gains oxygen to become MgO. This means that Mg is oxidized. The oxidizing agent is O2. At the same time, O2 is being reduced and the reducing agent is Mg.

For the second reaction, the oxidation number of Pb is reduced from +2 to 0. Thus, Pb has been reduced by Zn while Zn itself has been oxidized. The reducing agent here is Zn while the oxidizing agent is Pb(NO3)2.

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The acidic functional group that can dissociate and release h into a solution is -COOH.

From the characteristics of -COOH group we can conclude it as the acidic functional group that can dissociate and release H into a solution.

Disclaimer: The question was incomplete

Which is an acidic functional group that can dissociate and release h into a solution?

A. -OH

B. -COOH

C. -NH2

D. -SH

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In the reaction [tex]HC _{2} H_{3} O_{2} + H_{2}O[/tex]----->[tex]C _{2} H_{3} O_{2}^{-} + H_{3}O^{+}[/tex] , [tex]H_{2}O[/tex] substance is Bronsted -Lowery base.

According to Bronsted-Lowry an acid is a chemical species that is capable of yielding protons and a Bronsted-Lowry base is a chemical species capable of accepting protons .

The Bronsted -Lowery base is any species that can accepts a proton from another molecule . In short Bronsted -Lowery base is proton acceptor ( PA ) and  Bronsted -Lowery acid is proton donor ( PD ).

In  given reaction , water molecule accept proton from acid . Therfore , it is  Bronsted -Lowery base .

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[tex]NO_{2}[/tex](g) + OH(g) = [tex]HNO_{3}[/tex] (aq) (nitric acid)

Given,

Pressure of [tex]NO_{2}[/tex] = 4.5x10-8 atm,

volume = 1.3x109 L, and

temp = 10ºC + 273 = 283K

moles. NO2 =? = n

PV = nRT

n = PV/RT = (4.5x10-8 atm)(1.3x109 L) / (0.0821 Latm/Kmol) (210K)

n = 3.4x10-18 moles NO2 = mols HNO3

mass HNO3 = 3.4 x 10 18 moles x 31 g/mol = 1.05 x 10 16 g.

The inorganic substance nitric acid has the formula HNO3. This mineral acid is extremely corrosive. [5] Even though the chemical is colorless, older samples often have a yellow tinge from breakdown into nitrogen oxides. Nitric acid is 68 percent concentrated in water in the majority of commercially available products. Fumigating nitric acid is the term used to describe a solution that contains more than 86 percent HNO3. Depending on the quantity of nitrogen dioxide, fuming nitric acid is further classified as red fuming nitric acid at concentrations above 86 percent or white fuming nitric acid at concentrations above 95 percent. The main chemical used in nitration, or adding a nitro group usually to an organic molecule, is nitric acid.

How many grams of nitric acid are produced from this reaction if it reduces the partial pressure of no2 from a 1. 3×109l volume of air over a city by 4. 5×10−8atm when the temperature is 10∘c?

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Answer:

synergy

Explanation:

when two substances combine effects to be greater than just their sum of their individual effects

At  -230 °C temperature will He atoms have the same rms value as [tex]N_{2}[/tex] molecules at 25°C .

Calculation ,

Given temperature =  25°C  =  25+273  = 298 K

[tex]V_{rms}[/tex] =√3RT/M

[tex]V_{rms}[/tex] =√3R[tex]T_{1}[/tex]/[tex]M_{He}[/tex]      ......( i )

[tex]V_{rms}[/tex] =√3R[tex]T_{2}[/tex]/[tex]M_{N_{2}[/tex]      ......( ii )

Equalize equation  ( i ) and ( ii )

√3R[tex]T_{1}[/tex]/[tex]M_{He}[/tex] = √3R[tex]T_{2}[/tex]/[tex]M_{N_{2}[/tex]  

[tex]T_{1}[/tex]/[tex]M_{He}[/tex]  = [tex]T_{2}[/tex]/[tex]M_{N_{2}[/tex]  

[tex]T_{1}[/tex] = [tex]M_{He}[/tex] × [tex]T_{2}[/tex]/[tex]M_{N_{2}[/tex]  =  4 ×298 K/28 = 42.57 K

Temperature in°C = 42.57 - 273  = -230 °C

Therefore , at  -230 °C temperature will He atoms have the same rms value as [tex]N_{2}[/tex] molecules at 25°C .

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Answer:

82.4 s

Explanation:

Find the NUMBEr of half lives...then multiply by 54.3

2.27 = 6.5 (1/2)^n

log (2.27/6.5) / log (1/2) = n = 1.52 half lives

1.52 * 54.3 = 82.4 s

Rapid breathing pays back the oxygen debt by breaking down lactic acid. creatine glycogen oxygen glucose.

Even after exercise must be finished, the "oxygen debt" could be paid when laborious breathing and an elevated heart rate were needed to eliminate lactic acid and replenish depleted energy stores.

The oxygen debt would be the quantity of oxygen needed to replenish the body's oxygen stores and remove the lactic acid. It can take anywhere between a few hours for little activity and several days after just a marathon when an individual has been exercising to start repaying an oxygen debt.

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The molar concentration of the acid, HCl required for the reaction is 0.614 M

We'll begin by writing the balanced equation for the reaction. This is given below:

2HCl + Ca(OH)₂ —> CaCl₂ + 2H₂O

The mole ratio of the acid, HCl (nA) = 2

The mole ratio of the base, Ca(OH)₂ (nB) = 1

From the question given above, the following data were obtained:

Volume of acid, HCl (Va) = 50.6 mL

Volume of base, Ca(OH)₂ (Vb) = 45 mL

Molarity of base, Ca(OH)₂ (Mb) = 0.345 M

Molarity of acid, HCl (Ma) =?

MaVa / MbVb = nA/nB

(Ma × 50.6) / (0.345 × 45) = 2

(Ma × 50.6) / 15.525 = 2

Cross multiply

Ma × 50.6 = 15.525 × 2

Ma × 50.6 = 31.05

Divide both side by 50.6

Ma = 31.05 / 50.6

Ma = 0.614 M

Therefore, the molar concentration of the acid, HCl is 0.614 M

Molar concentration, also known as molarity, is most commonly expressed in moles of solute per litre of solution. It is defined in broader applications as the amount of solute substance per unit volume of solution or per unit volume available to the species, represented by lowercase letters.

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The reaction of 75.0 g p4 with excess chlorine gas produces 110 g pcl3 in lab. The percent yield for the reaction is 32.7%.

P4+ 6 Cl2 — 4PCl3

moles of P4 in 75 g

n=m/M

where n = moles; m= mass; M = molar mass

M(P4) = 4× 30.974 g/ mol

P = 123.896g/mol

n can be given as

n(P4) = (75) / 123.896

= 0.60535 mol

Total=

0.60535 mol P4 × 4 mol/1 mol P4

= 2.4214 mol PCl3

mass of PCl3

m= n×M

M = 30.974 g/mol P+(3× 35.45g/mol Cl)

= 137.32g/mol

m= 2.4212 mol× 137.32g/mol

=333 g

The yield of PCl3 is 333 g.

The theoretical yield of PCl3 is 110 g.

percent yield can be given as

(percent yield/ theoretical yield) × 100

%yield = (333/110) ×100

Thus, the percent yield of PCl3 is 32.7%.

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The concentration of [tex]NaCl[/tex] solute particles in water will provide an isotonic eyedrop solution is 0.9% w/v

The isotonic solution is calculated by multiply the quantity of each drug in the prescription by its sodium chloride equivalent E , and subtract this value from the concentration of sodium chloride which is isotonic with body fluids . For a solution to be termed isotonic ( equal tone ) it must have the same osmotic pressure as a specific bodily fluid.

Example : The concentration of [tex]NaCl[/tex] solute particles in water will provide an isotonic eyedrop solution is 0.9% w/v

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The carbon atom(s) of pyruvate is(are) first converted to carbon dioxide by pyruvate dehydrogenase complex is the second number of carbon of pyruvate goes to oxidation and convert it to CO2 in Krebs cycle.

Krebs cycle is also known as citric acid cycle it is the conversion of sugar to the direct energy in the form of ATP which further goes to mitochondria as it is the power house of the human cell.

Pyruvate molecule release second number carbon from the chain and undergoes oxidation to form the CO2.

Therefore, second number carbon atom will converts to carbon dioxide.

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The elements that suits each given property for each of the empty boxes is as described below.

For the first box, the property is that it is a conductor and that it has 2 energy levels. The only possible options here will be Lithium (Li) and Beryllium because they are both conductors and have 2 energy levels. However, among the given elements, only Li is given and as such we will select that.

For the second box, the property is that it is a conductor, it has 3 energy levels and has 2 valence electrons. The only element that falls into this category is Magnesium (Mg).

For the third box, the property is that it is a conductor, it has 3 energy levels and has 1 valence electron. The only element that falls into this category is Sodium (Na).

For the fourth box, the property is that it is not a conductor and has 3 energy levels. The only elements that falls into this category are Silicon(Si), Phosphorus(P), Sulphur(S), Argon(Ar). The only given option is Sulphur(S) and we will pick that.

For the fifth box, the property is that it is not a conductor and has 4 energy levels and 7 valence electrons. The only element that falls into this category is Bromine(Br).

For the sixth box, the property is that it is not a conductor and has 4 energy levels and 5 valence electrons. The only element that falls into this category is Arsenic (As).

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The sample of gas that is unreactive to flame tests and chemically reactive with limewater and bromothymol blue is Carbon dioxide.

Flame tests are performed to identify the unknown metals or metalloids.  Upon burning on the flame, a compound gives characteristic colour, that helps in identification.

Carbon dioxide extinguishes the flame itself when placed upon it. And it is known to turn the lime water milky when reacts. Carbon dioxide also changes the colour of bromothymol blue. The change in colour is observed due to certain chemical changes like change in pH, formation of carbonic acid and conversion into more acidic form.

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Taking into account the definition of calorimetry, the specific heat of the metal is 0.14 [tex]\frac{J}{gC}[/tex].

Calorimetry is the measurement and calculation of the amounts of heat exchanged by a body or a system.

Sensible heat is defined as the amount of heat that a body absorbs or releases without any changes in its physical state (phase change).

So, the equation that allows to calculate heat exchanges is:

Q = c× m× ΔT

where:

Q is the heat exchanged by a body of mass m.

c is specific heat substance.

ΔT is the temperature variation.

In this way, between heat and temperature there is a direct proportional relationship (Two magnitudes are directly proportional when there is a constant so that when one of the magnitudes increases, the other also decreases; and the same happens when either of the two decreases .).

The constant of proportionality depends on the substance that constitutes the body and its mass, and is the product of the specific heat by the mass of the body.

Specific heat of the metal

In this case, you know:

Replacing in the expression to calculate heat exchanges:

175 J= c× 50× 25 C

Solving:

c=[tex]\frac{175 J}{50 gx25C}[/tex]

c=0.14 [tex]\frac{J}{gC}[/tex]

Finally, the specific heat of the metal is 0.14 [tex]\frac{J}{gC}[/tex].

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Answer:

B.) 117 g

Explanation:

(Step 1)

To find the mass, you need to first find the moles of NaCl using the molarity  ratio.

Molarity = moles / volume (L)

2.00 M = moles / 1.0 L

2.00 = moles

(Step 2)

Now that you know the moles, you can convert it to grams using the molar mass.

Molar Mass (NaCl): 22.990 g/mol + 35.453 g/mol

Molar Mass (NaCl): 58.443 g/mol

2.00 moles NaCl          58.443 g
---------------------------  x  -----------------  =  117 g NaCl
                                        1 mole

The pH of a 1. 0 l buffer prepared by adding 0. 100 moles of NaOH to 0. 250 moles of HF. ka for HF = 3. 5 × 10−4 is 3.86.

The Henderson hasselbalch equation can be expressed as

pH = pKa + log [base]/ [acid]

Firstly we will calculate the value of pKa

pKa = -logKa

Given,

Ka = 3. 5 × 10−4)

pKa = -log(3. 5 × 10−4)

pKa = 3.46

Now, we will calculate the value of log [base]/ [acid]

Given,

[base] = 0.10m

[acid] = 0.25m

log [base]/ [acid] = log(0.10/0.25)

= 0.4

Putting the values in handerson hasselbalch equation,

pH = 3.46+0.4

= 3.86

Thus, we find that the value of pH of a 1. 0 l buffer prepared by adding 0. 100 moles of NaOH to 0. 250 moles of HF is 3.86.

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The nuclear reactor in Japan had an accident in 2011 when it was hit by an earthquake. The reactor exploded and released a great deal of damaging radiation. The energy for the explosion comes from option(a) i.e, The nucleus of an atom.

An explosion is a sudden increase in volume accompanied by a very strong energy release that usually results in the production of high temperatures and the release of high-pressure gases. High explosive detonations produce supersonic explosions that move through shock waves.

The 2011 Tohoku earthquake and tsunami, which occurred on March 11, 2011, and was the most violent earthquake ever recorded in Japan, were the direct causes of the nuclear tragedy. The nuclear power facility was damaged by the strong tsunami that the earthquake caused, which had waves that were 13 to 14 meters high.

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Answer:

four

Explanation:

i said so