Aniline (c6h7n) has a pkb = 9. 4. what are the dominant species present in water if the ph is held constant at ph = 8?

Answers

Answer 1

c6h7N, H3O+ are the condition where dominant species present when water pH is 8. Thus, option B is correct.

What does pH value mean?

pH is the negative logarithm value of H+ ion concentration otherwise known as the power of hydrogen.

The pH values range from 0 to 14 if the value is below 7 is acidic and above 7 is basic.

The value of pH 7 is considered as neutral like pure water.

The most common method for measurement of pH is  by using pH meter where a pH-sensitive electrode and a reference electrode are used

Thus, option B is correct

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Your question was incomplete, probably the question was

Aniline (c6h7n) has a pkb = 9. 4. what are the dominant species present in water if the ph is held constant at ph = 8?

A. c6h8N+ , H3O+

B. c6h7N , H3O+

C. c6h7N , OH−

D. c6h8N+, OH−


Related Questions

Nerves that conduct impulses toward the brain or spinal cord are called question 34 options: motor. cranial. efferent. afferent

Answers

Nerves that conduct impulses toward the brain or spinal cord are called afferent nerves.

What are afferent nerves?Afferent nerves are the nerves responsible for the transmission of sensory signals from the sensory receptors to the central nervous system which consists of the brain and the spinal cord.Afferent nerves are also known as sensory nerves.Afferent nerves or sensory nerves are responsible for carrying the information of the five senses i.e., touch, taste, smell, vision, and, hearing to the brain.

Thus, the nerves that conduct impulses toward the brain or spinal cord are called afferent nerves.

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Leptin acts as a hormone, primarily in the ________.
a. pancreas
b. hypothalamus
c. intestines
d. liver
e. hippocampus

Answers

Answer:

b. hypothalamus

In quiescent cells, early endosomes containing aav2 would most likely move toward?

Answers

In a quiescent cell i.e. a non-dividing cell, Early endosomes containing AAV2 would most likely to move towards Centriole.

AAV2 is a non-envoloped virus.

Centrioles are the site of origination of microtubules which radiates outwards. They are non-membrane bound organelles found only in the animal cell. Microtubules are involved in different types of movement in the cell and are involved in the cell division by forming mitotic spindles. Microtubules facilitate the movement of the different organelles and vesicles in the cell.

For example, endosomes.

The Microtubules that are involved in the Intracellular movement i.e. movement inside the cell only, originate near the nucleus called Centrioles.

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The ________ is a region of dense bone that surrounds and protects the membranous labyrinth. vestibule membranous callus bony callus bony labyrinth auditory ossicle

Answers

The bony labyrinth is a region of dense bone that surrounds and protects the membranous labyrinth.

Labyrinth is the name given to the inner ear. It is made up of a network of interconnecting sacs and canals. The inner ear is composed of two parts: bony labyrinth and membranous labyrinth. A vestibule, three semicircular canals, and a spirally wound cochlea make up the bony labyrinth. It is perilymph-filled.

The membranous labyrinth is encircled by the bony labyrinth. It includes the hearing and balance sensory receptors. The cochlear duct, saccule, and utricle and three semicircular ducts that make up the endolymph-filled membranous labyrinth. The cristae, an organ of corti, and the ampullaris maculae are examples of sensory receptors.

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What outcome results from improper washing of a tube or well after adding the enzyme–antibody conjugate in an elisa system?

Answers

What outcome results from improper washing of a tube or well after adding the enzyme–antibody conjugate in an elisa system? Result will be falsely increased

What is elisa system?

The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), first described by Eva Engvall and Peter Perlmann in 1971, is a widely used analytical biochemistry technique.  The assay employs a solid-phase type of enzyme immunoassay (EIA), utilizing antibodies against the target protein to find the presence of a ligand (often a protein) in a liquid sample. In addition to being utilized as a quality control check in numerous industries, ELISA has been used as a diagnostic tool in biotechnology, plant pathology, and medicine.

Antigens from the sample to be examined are coupled to a surface in the simplest ELISA. The surface is then covered with a corresponding antibody so it can bind the antigen.

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The non-oxidative stage of the pentose phosphate pathway produces substances that are intermediates of?

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The non-oxidative stage of the pentose phosphate pathway produces substances that are intermediates of glycolysis.

What is glycolysis?

Glycolysis is the method of dividing glucose to produce energy. It generates two pyruvate particles, ATP, NADH, and water.

The process occurs in a cell's cytoplasm and therefore does not entail oxygen. It can be found in aerobic and anaerobic organisms.

Since it is utilized by nearly all organisms on Earth, it was most likely one of the first metabolic pathways to evolve.

The non-oxidative phase of the pentose phosphate pathway generates glycolysis adducts.

Thus, the answer is glycolysis.

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What is the term for a somewhat independent part of the body that performs a specific function?

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An independent part of the body that performs a specific function.

What is organ?An organ is a group of tissues together to form a structural unit in biology that has a single purpose.An organ sits between a tissue and an organ system in the hierarchy of life. Similar cell types come together to form tissues that perform a certain purpose.An organ is made up of a variety of tissues that work together to provide a certain function. For instance, the intestinal wall is made of both smooth muscle and epithelial tissue. An organ system, also known as a biological system or body system, is made up of two or more organs that cooperate to carry out a certain physiological function.The abdominal organs can be categorised as hollow or solid. The liver, pancreas, spleen, kidneys, and adrenal glands are the solid organs. The rectum, gallbladder, bladder, stomach, and intestines are among the hollow organs of the abdomen. A muscular, hollow organ, the heart is located in the thoracic cavity.

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What is the difference between the gamma motor neuron and the alpha motor neuron?

Answers

Alpha motor neurons innervate extrafusal fibers, the highly contracting fibers that supply the muscle with its power. Gamma motor neurons innervate intrafusal fibers, which contract only slightly.

Alpha motor neurons innervate extrafusal muscle fibers and gamma motor neurons innervate intrafusal muscle fibers. Axons that convey information from motor areas of the cerebral cortex to the spinal cord.

A gamma motor neuron (γ motor neuron), also called gamma motoneuron is a type of lower motor neuron that takes part in the process of muscle contraction, and represents about 30% of (Aγ) fibers going to the muscle. The gamma motor neurons in the ventral horn of the spinal cord send motor axons to each intrafusal muscle fiber and stimulate contraction of their polar ends.

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Neural control of gfr is mediated by ________ that innervate ________ receptors on vascular smooth muscle causing ________

Answers

Neural control of GFR is mediated by Sympathetic neurons that innervate alpha receptors on vascular smooth muscle causing Vasoconstriction.

How is GFR regulated?The sympathetic division of the nervous system regulates the GFR or Glomerular Filtration Rate.GFR is the sum total of filtration rates of all the working nephrons in the kidney.Sympathetic division comes into action when the mean arterial pressure is very low (below 80mmHg).In response to low blood pressure, the medulla releases norepinephrine through sympathetic nerves.Norepinephrine leads to activation of alpha receptors on arteries which cause vasoconstriction.Alpha receptors are more abundant on afferent arterioles.This leads to vasoconstriction (narrowing) of arteries supplying to the glomerulus.This decreases blood flow to glomerulus, leading to decrease in GFR.

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Lymph traveling from the left arm would enter the venous circulation via the?

Answers

Lymph traveling from the left arm would enter the venous circulation via the thoracic duct.

What is thoracic duct?The largest lymphatic channel in the body's lymphatic system is the thoracic duct, commonly known as van Hoorne's canal.Adults have an average length of 40 cm, and their abdominal origin is about 5 mm wide. The thoracic duct runs from the root of the neck to the twelfth thoracic vertebra.The thoracic duct enters the posterior mediastinum, remaining to the right of the vertebral column, by ascending via the diaphragm's aortic hiatus. At the T7 vertebral level, it runs posterior to the esophagus before crossing over to the left side of the thorax at the T5 vertebral level.The primary lymphatic channel for the return of chyle/lymph to the systemic venous system is the thoracic duct. It drains lymph from the left side of the face and neck, left hemithorax, left upper limb, and both lower limbs.

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Which feature of insects has promoted their diversification and evolutionary success?

Answers

Insects has repeated modular segment that develop independently of each other promoted their diversification and evolutionary success. They are able to evolve appendage that are specialized for diverse functions.

Hypotheses propose that insect diversity either result form low extinction rates and resilience to mass extinctions and acquisition of key innovation that allowed them to radiate into newly formed niches.

There exoskeleton characteristics are commonly responsible for the diversification of insects on land. These insects are the amazing diversity in the surrounding , it believed that insects are so successful because they  have protective shell /exoskeleton , they have small in size and they can fly.

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What characteristic of a microscope enables one to switch from one objective to another?

Answers

Term Arm Definition connects base to body tube that contains lenses
Term Parfocal Definition the ability of a microscope to remain in focus when changing from one objective lens to another with little or no adjustment

The broad band of loose connective tissue beneath the mucosa that contains blood vessels, lymph, and nerves is called the:________

Answers

The broad band of loose connective tissue beneath the mucosa that contains blood vessels, lymph, and nerves is called the submucosa.

The four tissue layers make up the alimentary tract. These layers are the mucosa, submucosa, muscularis, and serosa, which is continuous with the mesentery, working outward from the lumen.

The submucosa, which is comprised of connective tissue and a variety of different cell types such as fibroblasts, lymphocytes, eosinophils, macrophages, plasma cells, and mast cells, is situated between the outermost layer of the mucosa and the muscularis externa. Due to its near closeness to the mucosa, the submucosa aids the absorption of electrolytes, fluids, and nutrients by the mucosa.

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What labels might you find on poultry products that specify antibiotics were never provided during the production process?

Answers

A No Antibiotics Ever and Raised without Antibiotics tag is typically only one of a company’s product lines if poultry products were antibiotic free during production processes.

Antibiotic treatment is just one FDA-approved method for maintaining chicken health. It is not a miracle cure. To keep birds healthy, businesses use a range of management techniques, such as more individualised nutrition plans, the administration of vaccines and probiotics.

The construction of barns with improved air circulation and temperature controls, and increased training and education initiatives for farmers and service technicians. But much like people, chickens occasionally become unwell, and caring for sick animals responsibly is an essential aspect of animal care is required, and antibiotic are administered.

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Assume that a man who is a carrier for a genetic disorder marries a woman who is also a carrier for the same disorder. They have two sons and a daughter. One of their sons is normal, the other son is a carrier, and the daughter shows the genetic disorder. Which of the following pedigree charts correctly represents this inheritance?

Answers

Answer:

asdd wa

Explanation:

d asdawd22

Which of the following Kingdoms does not have Heterotrophs?
A. Animalia
B. Plantae
C. Protista
D. Fungi

Answers

The following kingdoms that does not have heterotrophs is Fungi

What do the terrestrial planets have in common? Choose all that apply:

Select one or more:

a.
Low in Density


b.
High in Mass


c.
Low in Mass


d.
Smaller Radius


e.
Larger Radius


f.
High in Density

Answers

Answer: b. High in Mass, e. Larger Radius, f. High in Density

Explanation:

The terrestrial planets are all composed of solid materials such as rock or silicate contain metals throughout their crusts and all possess a solid surface. Another similarity is that all travel around the sun in a oval or elliptic orbit and at various eccentricities.

.

What is the correct cpt code assignment for electrosurgical removal of three nevi of the arm?

Answers

The correct cpt code assignment for electrosurgical removal of three nevi of the arm is 17110.

The Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) codes offer doctors and health care professionals a uniform language for coding medical services and procedures to streamline reporting, increase accuracy and efficiency.

CPT code 17110 is reported with one unit of service for removal of benign lesions other than skin tags or cutaneous vascular lesions, up to 14 lesions.

To find CPT codes visit the AMA Store for coding resources from the authoritative source on the CPT code set. You'll find print and digital versions of the codebook, online coding subscriptions, data files and coding packages.

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In master production scheduling, what does available-to-promise (atp) inventory represent?

Answers

The available to promise (ATP)  inventory represents the difference between the orders that are already booked by the customers and the products that the company is going to produce.

What is the master production schedule?

The process of planning by the manufacturers about the type of products to be produced and their quantity during a particular period. It helps in planning the process of production by providing the production team with a clear goal and understanding.

It also helps to plan the purchases needed to be made that are required by the production team for manufacturing. Thus it also determines the investment required for the mentioned purchases.

Hence the master production schedule is the very link by which the sales department and manufacturing department communicate with each other. The Master production schedule is, therefore, a kind of contract between the sales and manufacturing departments where the sales department has made promises which are to be kept by the production department.

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Cattle egret follow herds of cattle and feed on both the insects stirred by the movement of the cattle and the biting insects that irritate the cattle. this is an example of:______.

Answers

Commensalism relationship is shown between cattle egret and cattle.

Usually cattle egrets follow herds of large hoofed mammals such as cattle, buffalo. They eat the insects that have been stirred up by the buffalo as they move. This relationship is commensalism, because the birds benefit but the ungulate is neither harmed nor helped.

The cattle egret and grazing cattle in a close association is a classic example of commensalism. It is a common sight in rural areas where one can see ticks hovering over the cattle. They feed on cattle's blood and hence are harmful to them as they can transmit several diseases. The cattle egret and grazing cattle in a close association is a classic example of commensalism. It is a common sight in rural areas where one can see ticks hovering over the cattle. They feed on cattle's blood and hence are harmful to them as they can transmit several diseases.

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What determines the sequence and arrangement of amino acids
in a protein?

Answers

Explanation:

Greetings !

The sequence of amino acids in a protein and protein function are determined by the genetic code or DNA. The order of deoxyribonucleotide bases in a gene . The basic building blocks of proteins. The sequence of amino acids in a protein and protein function are determined by the genetic code.

When we want to get a bacterium to make a chemical normally made by a human, we take the gene from the human and put it into the bacterium by using?

Answers

When we want to get a bacterium to make a chemical normally made by a human, we take the gene from the human and put it into the bacterium by using a bacterial enzyme known as DNA ligase

What is are bacteria?

Bacterial are microscopic unicellular organisms which are made of prokaryotic cells. They reproduce asexually.

Some bacteria which are saprophytes; organisms which feed on dead and decaying organisms while some bacteria are parasites.

So therefore, when we want to get a bacterium to make a chemical normally made by a human, we take the gene from the human and put it into the bacterium by using a bacterial enzyme known as DNA ligase

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Betty the botanist wanted to test the affects of chlorine on plants. To do this, Betty added chlorine
to the water she used to water the plants. She used five identical plants, which were planted, in the
same type of pot with the same type of soil, and each were exposed to the same amount of
sunlight. Betty gave each plant the same amount of water. However, to the first plant's water she
added 10 grams of chlorine, to the second plant's water she added 8 grams of chlorine, to the third
plant's water she added 6 grams of chlorine, to the fourth plant's water she added 4 grams of
chlorine, and to the fifth plant's water she added no chlorine. After two weeks, she noted that the
first plant was dead, the second was near death, the third was wilted, the fourth had a few dead
leaves, and the fifth was fine.

Answers

Chlorine  is micronutrients, too much chlorine may lead to toxicity in plants, it can result in to burned appearance in leaves.

What are micronutrients?

The nutrients which are less Essential to plants for there growth. For example Boron, chlorine, mangnese, molybdenum, iron, zinc.

Chlorine  is also on of micronutrients , it not that much essential and if there is too much chlorine it can lead to brown or dead tissue on the tips ,margins between the veins of leaves.

As she has put chlorine in plants without the particular amount needed the plant ,so the plants lead to toxicity. And the fifth plant do not contain any chlorine it is alive.  

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The major differenc ebetween the use of scrubber and the use of fluidiozed - bed combustions as pollution control measures in power plants is?

Answers

The major difference between the use of scrubbers and the use of fluidized - bed combustions as pollution control measures in power plants is that fluidized bed combustions usually operate at a lower temperature whereas scrubbers require higher temperatures.

Mixing crushed coal with limestone is a part of fluidized bed combustion.

The limestone neutralizes a large portion of the sulphur dioxide in the coal. Finally, steam is produced by boiling water using the heat produced by combustion.

With the help of gas, water, and air, a scrubber may separate and remove particles that are in liquid or sludge form or that escape as clean gas.

In some circumstances, water droplets scrape sulphur dioxide and particles from exhaust streams, converting them to sludge that can be disposed of later.

The process starts with dirty air entering, combustion exhaust steam moving upward in mist, mist collecting particles and bringing them to the bottom of the unit, dirty water moving sludge to a removal system, sludge is separated from water and disposed of, water moving to the scrubber for reuse, mist collecting on screen, and clear air exiting.

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Drag each tile to the correct location. classify the events according to the gas they primarily contribute to the atmosphere. cattle digest food. animals perform respiration. forest fires burn. plants perform photosynthesis.

Answers

Cattle digest food - methane and carbon dioxide

Animals perform respiration - carbon dioxide

Forest fires burn - carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, and methane

Plants perform photosynthesis = oxygen

Events and the gas they contribute

Cattles are able to digest cellulose, fibers, and their likes through the activities of certain bacteria. The process happens through the enteric fermentation of these materials. Thus, carbon dioxide is produced as well as methane.

During respiration, carbohydrates in the form of glucose are broken down to extract the lock-up energy for biological processes. In addition to water, carbon dioxide is also produced as a by-product.

Burning forests leads to the emission of gases like methane, carbon dioxide, and carbon monoxide.

During photosynthesis, inorganic materials are used to synthesize carbohydrates with the by-product being oxygen gas.

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Events according to the gas they primarily contributed to the atmosphere:

Oxygen - Plants perform photosynthesis

Methane - Cattle digest food

Carbon dioxide - Forest fires burn / Animals perform respiration

abit late, but glad I helped <3<3<3:D

What is the name of the control mechanism that is used to ensure that all necessary information for a transaction has been entered?

Answers

Completeness control - The aim is to make sure that the accounting records don't contain any legitimate transactions that have been missed so as to avoid the risk of the company's assets being inflated.

The criterion for data in a software system is whether the data is accurate or inaccurate, or whether it leads to accurate information, Accurate information leads to accurate decision-making, which in turn leads to agreements, stability, and solid management (in a non-profit framework) or a competitive edge (in a for-profit framework).

It is a crucial component of all data handling tasks, whether you are gathering data on the ground, processing data, or getting ready to deliver data to stakeholders. Your results won't be accurate if your data is inaccurate from the start. For this reason, data must be verified and checked before use. To minimize any project flaws, data must be analyzed for quality, clarity, and specificity. Without data analysis, you run the danger of making judgments based on faulty data that is not truly representative of the current situation.

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Explain how insulin and glucagon regulate the balance (i.e. homeostasis) between glycogen and glucose when epinephrine is not involved

Answers

Answer:

glucose

Explanation:

Bacteria that release a toxin that forms a pore in red blood cells leading to hemolysis are using ___ to gain access to the nutrients inside the erythrocyte.

Answers

Bacteria that release a toxin that forms a pore in red blood cells leading to hemolysis are using an alpha toxin to gain access to the nutrients inside the erythrocyte.

The best characterized and most potent membrane-damaging toxin of Staphylococcus aureus is α-toxin. It is expressed as a monomer that binds to the membrane of susceptible cells.

In humans, platelets and monocytes are specifically sensitive to α-toxin. They bear high affinity sites which allow the toxin to bind at concentrations that are physiologically relevant. A complex series of secondary reactions follow, leading to the release of eicosanoids and cytokines which in turn trigger the production of inflammatory mediators. These events cause the symptoms of septic shock that occur during severe infections caused by S. aureus.

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The antibody normally constituting the highest percentage of antibodies in the blood is:_____.

Answers

IgG is the antibody normally constituting the highest percentage of antibodies in the blood.

What are antibodies? Antibodies also known as immunoglobulin, are the proteins that are protective in nature and are produced by the immune system.Antibodies are large, Y-shaped and are attached to the antigens like bacteria, viruses, etc. and they eliminate these from the body.Antibodies are produced by specialized white blood cells i.e., B-cells.There are five types of antibodies -IgG, IgM, IgA, IgD, and IgE.IgG is one of the most common antibody found in the blood and tissue fluids which makes around 70% - 75% of all immunoglobulins in the body.IgG function is to protect the body from the viral and bacterial infections.

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Immunoglobulin G is the antibody that normally constitutes the highest percentage of antibodies in the blood.

What is an antibody?Antibodies are proteins made by plasma cells as a result of a response to an antigen.Antibodies are antigen-specific that can attach to only specific antigens to destroy them.They are found mainly in the blood and other tissues and extracellular fluids.Antibodies are found in the B cells of lymphocytes used to attack invading bacteria and viruses that are toxic.What is immunoglobulin G?There are 5 classes of immunoglobulins that are IgG, IgA, IgD, IgM, and IgE.Immunoglobulin G represents 75% of antibody serum in a body.IgG is produced by plasma B cells to fight bacteria, viruses, and toxins.Each IgG has two paratopes which are antigen-binding sites. These paratopes recognize an antigen and bind to it.The Y-shaped IgG has identical paratopes in each arm.IgG recognizes the pathogens and causes immobilization. They also bind and neutralize toxins.IgG is also involved in allergic reactions.Their function includes opsonization which enables them to bind with bacterial surface facilitating their phagocytosis.

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A chemical by itself is harmless in the human body. However, in the presence of lead, the
chemical becomes toxic. This is the result of
Select one:
Oa. Bioaccumulation
Ob. Biomagnification
Oc. The Synergy Effect
Od. Endocrine Disruptors

Answers

If a harmless chemical becomes toxic in the presence of lead, this is the result of the Synergy Effect.

What is the Synergy Effect?

The Synergy Effect refers to a phenomenon in which a substance can change its properties such as toxicity in the presence of another substance.

In this case, the chemical is under the Synergy Effect because it becomes toxic in the presence of a metal (Pb).

This effect is evident when the interaction of chemical substances is not equal to the substances alone.

In conclusion, if a harmless chemical becomes toxic in the presence of lead, this is the result of the Synergy Effect.

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The crime control model of the criminal justice system emphasizes the preservation of individual liberties, reliability, the adversarial process, and uses the courtroom and law as the decision point. What choreographer is known for creating dances that employed the use of repetition? 3. The MPG (Miles per Gallon) for a mid-size car is normally distributed with a mean of 32 and a standard deviation of .8. What is the probability that the MPG for a selected mid-size car would be: Less than 33.2 Assuming digbys current market share for its dell product remains the same, how many units of dell should digby expect to sell in the primary segment for the upcoming year? Psychological and behavioral differences tend to increase during adolescence because of increased social pressures to conform to traditional gender roles. This is? What is meant by the term hydrocarbon? What are the important differences between the one-way model, the circular model,transaction model of communication? Why did proponents of the torture memo believe that waterboarding was an acceptable interrogation technique?O A.They argued that waterboarding was used in multiple conflicts throughout the twentieth century,O B. They argued that waterboarding was not considered torture in countries like iraq, so could be used by the United States,O c. They argued that the president had the authority to do whatever he deemed necessary to get information in the global war onterrorism.O D. They argued that Congress had not specifically outlawed waterboarding, so it should be upheld as a useful tactic In the investigation of whether stretching before running prevents muscle cramps in calves, what would be the control group? Sedimentary rock on ____ will enable planetary geologists to one day unravel its history. The practice of purchasing and accepting delivery of inventory only after it has been sold to the final customer is termed as _____ A price elasticity of demand of 2.3 implies:_______ a. demand is unitary elastic b. demand is inelastic c. demand is perfectly elastic d. demand is elastic PLS HELP LOTs OF POINTS!!!!What is the difference of. What are the seven objectices of the marketing research report? briefly discuss each objective and why it is important A factor that contributes to the increase in frequency of the vocal folds is the change in? Find the total surface area of the cone in the figure. (Use = 3.14.)radius - 5cm, height - 12cm According to this announcement when do the classes meet?O Monday & WednesdayO Tuesday & ThursdayO Wednesday & FridayTuesday & Wednesday How much would the boiling point of water increase if mol of NaCl added 1 kg of water (Kb= 0.51 degrees Celsius /(mol/kg) for water i=2 for NaCl 1. A cell must continuously sort useful materials from its waste products and then remove or recycle the waste. One way a cell does this is to first put tiny tags on proteins that are no longer needed. These tags, which are small polypeptide chains 76 amino acids long, are called ubiquitin. 2. Ubiquitin tags direct proteins to compartments of the cell called proteasomes. Within each proteasome, ubiquitin-tagged proteins are deconstructed into their component amino acids. These pieces can be repurposed to build new proteins. 3. Sometimes organs stop processing waste effectively, allowing the waste to pile up and contributing to many diseases. Alzheimer's disease, for example, includes piles of waste proteins in the brain called tangles, while Parkinson's disease involves the accumulation of recyclable material into Lewy bodies. Mallory bodies are piles of waste proteins common in liver disease. These piles, known generically as inclusions, can be identified under the microscope because they are covered in tiny ubiquitin tags. 4. A problem in the breakdown of ubiquitin-tagged proteins may be one cause of spinocerebellar ataxia type 1. In this disease, a protein called ataxin-1 has an abnormal genetic mutation, and ubiquitin is able to attach to the mutant protein. Scientists believe that the mutated protein cannot be chopped up by the proteasome because of its shape, so ubiquitin-tagged ataxin-1 starts to accumulate, which leads to cell death. The cells most affected by this genetic mutation are neurons in a part of the brain associated with motor control and the spinal cord. So, a person with mutant ataxin-1 progressively loses muscle control as these cells die. Which phrase describes the purpose of ubiguitin A. to tag waste proteins for recycling in the proteasomes B. to create small polypeptide chains that are 76 amino acids long C. to create inclusions that can be identified under the microscope D. to attach to mutant proteins so that they can accumulate In the cell If proteins contain mutations, the proteins often do not maintain the proper shape and are unable to perform their functions. Properly functioning proteins are essential to maintaining healthy organisms. Which statement describes the overall consequence of proteins containing mutations like those described in the passage? A. Wastes will build up and will be reassembled to build new proteins. B. Wastes will build up, and Mallory bodies will accumulate in the liver. C. Wastes will build up in cells and will eventually be excreted from each cell. D. Wastes will build up in vital organs, and the organism will experience disease.Why do individuals with spinocerebellar ataxia experience loss of muscle control, even though the ataxin-1 protein builds up only In the brain and spinal cord? A. Inclusions can build up in all body systems and can cause debilitating effects. B. Genetic mutations in the ataxin-1 protein cause muscular proteins to change shape. C. When the ubiquitin tagging system does not work effectively, cellular waste can build up in the muscles. D. The neurons affected by the ataxin-1 protein buildup are in a region of the brain that manages muscle control. Why is photosynthesis considered a light-dependent reaction?