99 140-10-3.
99 140-10-3 is the compound number for trans-cinnamic acid.
What do you mean by compound numbers?A subscript is the little number that appears to the right of an element's symbol. That figure represents how many atoms of that element are contained in the complex.What is the purpose of trans-Cinnamic acid?The creation of trans-cinnamic acid's methyl, ethyl, and benzyl esters is its primary usage, while it is also used to make flavors, colors, and medications. These esters play a significant role in perfume composition. The sweetener aspartame is a precursor of the acid.What other name would you give trans-Cinnamic acid?Phenolacrylic acid
The class of chemical compounds known as cinnamic acids includes trans-cinnamic acid, often referred to as (e)-cinnamic acid or phenylacrylic acid. These are organic aromatic compounds that generate 3-phenylprop-2-enoic acid from benzene and a carboxylic acid group.To learn more about trans-cinnamic acid visit:
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This formula equation is unbalanced. pb(no3)2(aq) li2so4(aq) right arrow. pbso4(s) lino3(aq) which coefficient should appear in front of lino3 in the balanced equation?
The coefficient 2 should appear in front of [tex]LiNO_{3}[/tex] in the balanced equation
The chemical equation in which number of atoms in reactant side is equal to the number of atom in product side is called balanced chemical equation. The example of balanced equation is given as,
[tex]Pb(NO_{3} )_{2} (aq) + Li_{2} SO_{4} (aq)[/tex] → [tex]2Li(NO_{3} ) (aq) + Pb SO_{4} (aq)[/tex]
In the above equation, 2 is appear in front of [tex]LiNO_{3}[/tex] in the balanced equation which is known as the coefficient.
The symbolic representation of the chemical reaction is called chemical equation.
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Answer: 2
Explanation:
If the concentration of a dilute solution of nitric acid is 0. 0001 m. What is the ph of that solution?
If the concentration of a dilute solution of nitric acid is 0. 0001 M. The pH of the solution is 4.
What is pH ?pH is used to measure whether the substance is acidic, basic or neutral and the range is 0 - 14.
How to find the pH of the solution ?To calculate the pH hydrogen ion it is expressed as:
pH = - log [H⁺]
So, concentration of hydrogen ion in HNO₃ is 0.0001 M.
pH = - log [0.0001]
= [tex]-\log (\frac{1}{10000})[/tex]
= - log (10)⁻⁴
= -4 × - log (10)
= - 4 × (-1)
= 4
Thus from the above conclusion we can say that The pH of the solution is 4.
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What volume (to the nearest 0. 1 ml) of 4. 70-m naoh must be added to 0. 700 l of 0. 250-m hno2 to prepare a ph = 3. 20 buffer?
log1.429V=3.20 volume (to the nearest 0. 1 ml) of 4. 70-m NaOH must be added to 0. 700 l of 0. 250-m HNO2 to prepare a ph = 3. 20 buffer
Solution ;pH= pKa +log {[ NaOH ] / [ HNO2 ]}
3.20=3.80+log{(V×4.70)/ ( 0.700×0.250)}
3.20=log1.429V
Volume will be 3.20=log1.429V
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What process is used to determine if an acid-alkali neutralization is complete? a. titration b. bronsted-lowry neutralization c. arrhenius neutralization d. filtration
Write 3–4 sentences to describe how coupling reactions are used to drive an unfavorable chemical reaction.
The concept of coupling reactions can be more understood knowing that Gibbs free energy is a state function. State function is a property that does not depend on the path taken to arrive to that value
What is Coupling reaction ?
A reaction where the the free energy of a thermodynamically favorable transformation, such as the hydrolysis of ATP, and a thermodynamically unfavorable one, are mechanistically joined into a new reaction (or may be envisaged to be so joined) is known as a coupled reaction.
How do you make an unfavorable reaction favorable?
Chemically unfavorable means non-spontaneous which means Gibbs' free energy change (ΔG) is positive, i.e. ΔG>0.
But we know that ΔG=ΔH−TΔS. Now ΔH and ΔS (enthalpy and entropy change, respectively) are state functions. So ΔG is also a state function.
Catalysts can only change the pathway of a reaction (in most of the cases, by lowering the activation energy of the reaction (Ea)) but after using the catalysts also, the energy states of the reactants and products don't alter. So ΔH and ΔS remain the same as uncatalysed reaction. So ΔG also doesn't change at all. So if the reaction is non-spontaneous, it remains like that.
That means, the thermodynamically unfavorable reaction can't be made favorable by introducing a catalyst.
But changing the temperature to a very high value can make ΔG<0, so the reaction can be made favorable by abruptly increasing temperature.
What are favorable and unfavorable reactions?
Reactions that release energy are energetically favorable. Conversely, reactions in which the products are higher in energy than the reactants require an input of energy to proceed; such reactions are energetically unfavorable
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An aerosol mixture of particulates and sulfur compounds form a grayish colored substance that is called ________. inversion smog industrial smog photochemical fog sulfuric aerosols industrial fog
An aerosol mixture of particulates and sulfur compounds form a grayish-colored substance that is called industrial smog.
What is Particulate Matter?Airborne particulate matter (PM) is a composite of several chemical species rather than a single contaminant. It consists of a complex mixture of solids and aerosols, including dry solid particles, liquid-coated solid cores, and minute liquid droplets. Particles can contain inorganic ions, metallic compounds, elemental carbon, organic compounds, and chemicals from the earth's crust. They can vary greatly in size, shape, and chemical makeup. For the goal of regulating air quality, the particle diameter is used.
Those that have a diameter of 10 microns or below (PM10) are inhalable and can have a negative impact on health. Particles with a diameter of 2.5 microns or less are considered to be fine particulate matter (PM2.5). Consequently, a percentage of PM10 is made up of PM2.5.
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A vessel with a volume of 32. 5 l contains 2. 80 g of n2 gas, 0. 403 g of h2 gas, and 79. 9 g of ar gas. at 25°c, what is the total pressure in the vessel? show the set up and answer with unit
The total pressure of the gases in the vessel is found out by using the partial pressures of individual gases and adding them up. The total pressure of the gases in the vessel is 1.72 atm.
The Partial pressure of the gases is the individual pressure of the gases present in a vessel containing a mixture of gases. The total pressure can be found out by adding partial pressure of all gases.
Given:
Volume of vessel, V= 32.5L
Mass of Nitrogen gas = 2.8g
Mass of Hydrogen gas = 0.403g
Mass of Argon gas = 79.9g
We know that:
Molar Mass of Nitrogen gas = 28g
Molar Mass of Hydrogen gas = 2g
Molar Mass of Argon gas = 40g
∴ Moles of gas = Given mass / Molar mass
∴ Using the Ideal Gas Equation:
PV = nRT
where, P is the Pressure of gas
V is the volume of gas
n is the moles of gas
R is the Universal Gas constant
T is the temperature
Applying the above equation of all three gases indivudually,
∴ For Nitrogen,
P₁V = n₁RT
⇒ P₁ × 32.5 = 2.8/28 × 0.082 × 298
⇒ P₁ = 0.07atm
∴ For Hydrogen,
P₂V = n₂RT
⇒ P₂ × 32.5 = 0.4/2 × 0.082 × 298
⇒ P₂ = 0.15 atm
∴ For Argon,
P₃V = n₃RT
⇒ P₃ × 32.5 = 79.9/40 × 0.082 × 298
⇒ P₃ = 1.5 atm
∴ Total pressure of vessel, P = P₁ + P₂ + P₃
P = 1.72 atm
The total pressure of the gases in the vessel is 1.72 atm.
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How many grams of calcium chloride are needed to produce 10. 0 g of potassium chloride?
cacl2( aq) k2co3( aq) → 2kcl( aq) caco3( aq)
Answer:
7.44 grams CaCl2 will produce 10.0 grams KCl.
Explanation:
The equation is balanced:
I've repeated it here, with the elements corrected for their initial capital letter.
CaCl2( aq) K2CO3( aq) → 2KCl( aq) CaCO3( aq)
This equation tells us that 1 mole of CaCl2 will produce 2 moles of KCl.
If we want 10.0g of KCl, we need to convert that mass into moles KCl by dividing by the molar mass of KCl, which is 74.55 grams/mole.
(10.0 grams KCl)/(74.55 grams/mole) = 0.1341 moles of KCl.
We know that we'll need half that amount of moles CaCl2, since the balanced equation says we'll get twice the moles KCl for every one mole CaCl2.
So we'll need (0.1341 moles KCl)*(1 mole CaCl2/2moles KCl) = 0.0671 moles CaCl2.
The molar mass of CaCl2 is 110.98 grams/mole.
(0.0671 moles CaCl2)*(110.98 grams/mole) = 7.44 grams CaCl2
7.44 grams CaCl2 will produce 10.0 grams KCl.
Olive oil and butter both contain fats; however, olive oil is liquid at room temperature and butter is solid. Why?.
Double bonds found in unsaturated fats form structures that stop tightly bound formations.
The arrangement of the phospholipids in the bilayer cell membrane depends on features of the phospholipid head and tails.
What are saturated and unsaturated fatty acids ?Unsaturated fatty acids have at least one double bond in the fatty acid chain while saturated fatty acids have no double bonds between the individual carbon atoms. Unsaturated fats are typically liquid and come from plant sources, whereas saturated fats are typically solid at room temperature
Animal fats, palm oil, and other sources of saturated fats are available. Plant and vegetable oils are sources of unsaturated fatty acids,Consuming healthy fats instead of saturated fat can also aid in preventing insulin resistance, a condition that precedes diabetes. Since unsaturated fat continues to be the healthiest type of fat, saturated fat may not be as bad as previously believedLearn more about Fatty acids here:
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The density (mass/volume) of aluminum is 2.70 times. 103 kilograms per cubic meter (kg/m3). what is the mass of an aluminum cylinder that has a volume of 1.50 m3? 5.56 times. 10–4 kg 1.50 times. 10–3 kg 1.80 times. 103 kg 4.05 times. 103 kg
Mass of aluminum = (1.50 m^3)( 2.70 x 10^3 kg/m^3) = 4050 kg
The intention of density is the assembly per volume of the substance. This is an intrinsic property consequently the size (or any external feature) does not change this effects.
What is Aluminum?Aluminum is a silvery-white metal, the 13 elements in the regular table. One surprising fact regarding aluminum is that it's the most widespread metal on Earth, making up more than 8% of the Earth's core mass. It's also the third most standard chemical essence on our planet after oxygen and silicon.The formed aluminum is in everyday use in mining, manufacturing, and trade in the United States; the formed aluminum is used with reasonable uniformity in Great Britain and typically by chemists in the United States.Aluminum (Al), also spelled aluminum, chemical component, a weightless silvery-white metal of main Group 13 (IIIa, or boron group) of the periodic table. Aluminum is the most plentiful metallic component in Earth's crust and the numerous widely used nonferrous metal.To learn motrev about Aluminum, refer to:
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Answer: D
Explanation: 4.05 x 10^3 kg
Could someone explain this sentence for me ?
Answer:
Explanation:
to put this plainly after putting strong electrolytes in water they dissolve to nothing but ions they give you an example and definition of a strong electrolyte I suggest you read those and see if you come up with what I gave you they also tell you that not all strong electrolytes dissolve as strongly as others that are in the example.
A 0.200 M solution of a weak acid, HA, is 9.4% ionized. Using this information, calculate Ka for HA.
Select one:
a.
9.4 × 10−3
b.
1.8 × 10−3
c.
1.9 × 10−2
d.
3.8 × 10−3
[tex]{ \qquad\qquad\huge\underline{{\sf Answer}}} [/tex]
Let's solve ~
Initial concentration of weak acid HA = 0.200 M
and dissociation constant ([tex]{ \alpha} [/tex]) is :
[tex]\qquad \sf \dashrightarrow \: \alpha = \frac{dissociation \: \: percentage}{100} [/tex]
[tex]\qquad \sf \dashrightarrow \: \alpha = \frac{9.4}{100} = 0.094[/tex]
Now, at initial stage :
[tex] \textsf{ Conc of HA = 0.200 M} [/tex][tex] \textsf{Conc of H+ = 0 M} [/tex][tex] \textsf{Conc of A - = 0 M} [/tex]At equilibrium :
[tex] \textsf{Conc of HA = 0.200 - 0.094(0.200) = 0.200(1 - 0.094) = 0.200(0.906) = 0.1812 M} [/tex][tex] \textsf{Conc of H+ = 0.094(0.200) = 0.0188 M} [/tex][tex] \textsf{Conc of A - = 0.094(0.200) = 0.0188 M} [/tex]Now, we know :
[tex]\qquad \sf \dashrightarrow \: { K_a = \dfrac{[H+] [A-]}{[HA]}} [/tex]
( big brackets represents concentration )
[tex]\qquad \sf \dashrightarrow \: { K_a = \dfrac{0.0188×0.0188}{0.1812}} [/tex]
[tex]\qquad \sf \dashrightarrow \: { K_a = \dfrac{0.00035344}{0.1812}} [/tex]
[tex]\qquad \sf \dashrightarrow \: { K_a \approx 0.00195 } [/tex]
[tex]\qquad \sf \dashrightarrow \: {K_a \approx 1.9 × {10}^{-3} } [/tex]
According to the problem, we have a 0.200 M solution of a weak acid HA that is 9.4% ionized. To find the Ka (acid dissociation constant) for HA, we can use the percent ionization formula:
[tex]\sf \% \: ionization = \dfrac{[H+]}{[HA]initial \times 100}[/tex]From this formula, we know that [H+] (the concentration of hydrogen ions) is equal to 9.4% of [HA]initial, and [HA]initial is equal to the initial concentration of the weak acid, which is 0.200 M. Solving for [H+], we get:
[tex]\sf [H+] = 0.094 \times 0.200 \: M = 0.0188\: M[/tex]Now we can use the equation for Ka:
[tex]\sf Ka = \dfrac{[H+][A-]}{[HA]}[/tex]We don't know the concentration of the conjugate base (A-) at this point, but we can assume that it is equal to [H+] because the weak acid is only slightly ionized. Therefore, we can substitute [A-] = [H+] = 0.0188 M into the equation and solve for Ka:
[tex]\sf Ka = \dfrac{(0.0188)^2}{(0.200 - 0.0188)} = \bold{1.8 \times 10^{-3}}[/tex]
So the answer is [tex]\bold{ B.\: 1.8 \times 10^{-3}}[/tex].
I hope this helps!
The tetrahedral structure that forms the backbone of all silicate minerals is composed of silicon and what other element?
The tetrahedral structure that forms the backbone of all silicate minerals is composed of silicon and option(b) i.e, oxygen
The tetrahedron-shaped silica chemical structure. It comprises a core silicon atom that connects with four oxygen atoms on both sides. The tetrahedron-shaped geometric figure that is drawn around this configuration has four sides, each of which is an equilateral triangle.
Silicon and oxygen make up the silica tetrahedron, which serves as the base for all silicate crystals. In all sorts of rocks and everywhere in the world, the mineral quartz, SiO2, is formed. In deposited rocks, it manifests as sand grains, in igneous and metamorphic rocks, as crystals, and in veins that cut through all different types of rocks. These veins occasionally contain gold or other precious metals. It is widely known that up until the late 1700s, it was simply known as rock crystal. Quarts belong to a class of minerals known as silicates, all of which include silicon and oxygen in varying amounts. The majority of the minerals in the crust of the planet are silicates, and most estimates place 97 percent of the mantle and 95 percent of the crust in the crust.
The complete question is:
The silica tetrahedron that forms the backbone of all the silicate minerals is composed of silicon and what other element?
a. magnesium c. iron
b. oxygen d. carbon
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A solution is made by dissolving 42.3g of potassium hydroxide in 329g of water what is the molality of the solution?
Answer:
2.34 molality
Explanation:
Mole weight of KOH ( using periodic table ...rounded to 3 s.f.) =
56.1 gm/mole
Number of moles in 43.2 g
43.2 g / 56.1 gm / mole =.770 mole
molality = .770 mole / .329 kg = 2.34 m
If the titration of h2po4− in a urine sample was continued until all of the acid in the solution was neutralized, how many equivalents of naoh would be needed to fully neutralize the solution?
Two equivalents of NaOH are needed to fully neutralize the solution.
What is a neutralization reaction?A neutralization reaction involves the reaction of an acid and a base to form salt and water. The reaction is exothermic in nature.
For example,
[tex]HCl (aq) + NaOH(aq)\rightarrow NaCl(aq) + H_2O (l)[/tex]
During the titration of [tex]H_2PO_4^-[/tex] it gives [tex]2H^+[/tex].
[tex]H_2PO_4^- \rightarrow 2H^+ +PO_4^3^-[/tex]
To neutralize these [tex]2H^+[/tex], 2 [tex]OH^-[/tex] is needed which come from 2 equivalents of NaOH
[tex]2NaOH \rightarrow2 Na^+ +2OH^-[/tex]
Therefore, 2 equivalents of NaOH are needed
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A student weighs out 0. 0422 g of magnesium metal. The magnesium metal is reacted with excess hydrochloric acid to produce hydrogen gas. A sample of hydrogen gas is collected over water in a eudiometer at 32. 0°c. The volume of collected gas is 43. 9 ml and the atmospheric pressure is 832 mmhg. Using the experimentally collected data, calculate r and the percent error.
The value of r is 0.0868 and the error percentage is 5.78%.
The student weights 0.0422 grams of magnesium; thus, we may deduce that the magnesium he used is the mass of the magnesium over the additional mass, which is 0.024422.That is roughly equal to 0.001758.It also asserts that too much hydrochloric acid can react with magnesium, releasing hydrogen gas as a result.A sample of hydrogen gas is collected over water in a meter at a volume of 43.9 cc and a maximum pressure of 22 cc.To know more about this question, you can check:
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How does the body structure of each of these organisms contribute to a particular function?
body structure: the shape of specific organs/attributes of an organism. This includes cells, tissues, organs, and systems.
function: the action or purpose an organ or attribute has.
ExamplesBody structure
Function
Teeth allow organisms to chew food so that it is easier to digest and/or rip food.Certain skin patterns/colors may help an organism camouflage in its surrounding enviornmentCan't Touch ThisSpiny KatydidWhat is a body structure of the Spiny Katydid?
Spines on the body
What is the function of this structure?
The spines on the Spiny Katydid's body prevent predators from having an easy time eating them
Further Notes:
Without the spines on their body, Spiny katydids would be more vulnerable to being eaten. The spines help them survive
Blow on Your FoodLonghorn CowfishWhat is a body structure of the Longhorn Cowfish?
puckered mouth
What is the function of this structure?
The puckered mouth allows the Longhorn Cowfish to blow jets of water.
Further Notes:
The jets of water the Longhorn Cowfish blows move the sand, exposing the organisms it eats. Without the puckered mouth, the Longhorn Cowfish would have difficulty finding food.
Night VisionTarsierWhat is the body structure of the Tarsier?
Huge eyes
What is the function of this structure?
The Tarsier's huge eyes allow it to see well.
Further Notes:
It's excellent vision helps it see and hunt for prey
Key Termsbody structure
function
You are working in a lab on your magnetic levitation experiment. you are standing directly in front of two magnets. another scientist near you has a malfunction with their equipment and beta radiation is emitted directly at you, passing through the magnets first. you are wearing a lab coat and goggles. are you safe?
Yes, because magnets strongly deflect beta radiation, you wouldn't have been affected.
What should a lab do and not do?Guidelines for conduct in the science lab
Never consume food or beverages in a science lab.Avoid attempting to be a mad scientist.Avoid going into the lab without an adult present.Do put on appropriate clothing.Clean up the workspace and dispose of the trash.Do keep in mind where the emergency supplies are kept.Which method ensures lab safety?Avoid coming into contact with chemicals directly. Never taste, smell, or inhale lab chemicals. After taking off your gloves and before leaving the work area, wash your hands and arms thoroughly with soap and water. In a lab, never consume food or liquids, chew gum or tobacco, light up, or use cosmetics.learn more about lab safety here
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A(n) ________ is a fixed number of atoms held together by chemical bonds in a certain spatial arrangement.
Answer:
Molecule
Explanation:
The angle between the hydrogen atoms in water (h2o) is slightly less than expected for a tetrahedral shape. this is because of the:_______.
The angle between the hydrogen atoms in water (h2o) is slightly less than expected for a tetrahedral shape. this is because of the extra electron repulsion from the lone pairs.
A water molecule consists of two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom. The three atoms make an angle; the H-O-H angle is approximately 104.5 degrees. The centre of each hydrogen atom is approximately 0.0957 nm from the centre of the oxygen atom.
In water, each hydrogen nucleus is covalently bound to the central oxygen atom by a pair of electrons that are shared between them. In H2O, only two of the six outer-shell electrons of oxygen are used for this purpose, leaving four electrons which are organized into two non-bonding pairs. The four electron pairs surrounding the oxygen tend to arrange themselves as far from each other as possible in order to minimize repulsions between these clouds of negative charge. This would ordinarily result in a tetrahedral geometry in which the angle between electron pairs (and therefore the H-O-H bond angle) is 109.5°. However, because the two non-bonding pairs remain closer to the oxygen atom, these exert a stronger repulsion against the two covalent bonding pairs, effectively pushing the two hydrogen atoms closer together. The result is a distorted tetrahedral arrangement in which the H—O—H angle is 104.5°.
About tetrahedral shape :
In geometry, a tetrahedron (plural: tetrahedra or tetrahedrons), also known as a triangular pyramid, is a polyhedron composed of four triangular faces, six straight edges, and four vertex corners. The tetrahedron is the simplest of all the ordinary convex polyhedra and the only one that has fewer than 5 faces.
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PLEASE HELP
Write the empirical formula for at least four lonic compounds that could be formed from the following : Fe^ 3+ ,C 2 H 3 O 2 ,CN; pb^ 4+
The empirical formula refers to the simplest formula of a compound.
What is the empirical formula?The term empirical formula refers to the simplest formula of a compound. The empirical formula shows us the ratio of the atoms that are involved in the compound. It does not show the actual number of the atoms in the molecule as this is shown by the molecular formula. However, the arrangement of atoms in the compound is shown by the structural formula.
Now, let us write the compounds that can be formed rom each ion;
1) Fe^3+
-FeCl3
-FeBr3
-FeI3
-FeF3
2) C2H3O2^-
-NaC2H3O2
-KC2H3O2
-Ca(C2H3O2)2
-Mg(C2H3O2)2
3)
CN^-
-Fe(CN)3
-CsCN
-NaCN
-KCN
4) Pb^4+
-PbCl4
-PbI4
-PbBr4
-PbF4
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Which of these atoms is the most electronegative?
a. si
b. cl
c. p
d. f
e. c
The Chlorine and fluorine atoms are the most electronegative.
So, option D and E is correct one.
The atom of a given chemical elements having tendency to attract bonded pair of electron toward itself is called electronegativity. The electronegativity of atoms is affected by both its atomic number and distance at which its valence electrons resides from the charged nucleus.
The electronegativity of the elements is increases on moving left to right in the period of periodic table while decreasing on moving top to bottom in the group of periodic table .
Example:
The elctronegativity of fluorine atom = 3.98
The elctronegativity of chlorine atom =3.16
The elctronegativity of carbon atom = 2.25
The elctronegativity of phosphorus atom = 2.19
The elctronegativity of silicon atom = 2.58
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What can you say about an unknown compound when dissolved in distilled water and with ph paper, gave an estimated ph of about 13. 3?
The pH of the solution is used to estimate the acidic and the alkaline condition. The pH paper can be used to determine the conditions. The compound with pH 13.3 is basic.
What is pH?The concentration of the hydrogen or the hydroxide ion in the water gives the estimate of the pH. The potential and the amount of hydrogen decide the acidic and the basic compound.
The pH scale ranges from 0-14 where the scale of 0-6 is acidic, 7 is neutral and 8-14 is basic. If the substance shows a pH of 13.3 then it will lie in the basic range.
Therefore, the compound with a pH of 13.3 is basic.
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(c) If both ovaries are removed, how will it affect the female reproductive systems?
If both ovaries are removed, then the individual is unable to produce ovules and experiences menopause.
What are ovaries?The ovaries are two reproductive organs in women which act to generate germinal female cells known as ovules.
The absence of these organs (ovaries) leads to a stage known as menopause and the individual cannot produce sex hormones such as estrogen and progesterone.
In conclusion, if both ovaries are removed, then the individual is unable to produce ovules and experiences menopause.
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Which acid or base (along with its corresponding salt) should be used to generate a buffer solution with ph around 3. 5?
Formic acid, Sodium formiate will generate a buffer solution with pH around 3. 5.
It must consider the acid whose pKa = pH in order to choose the base or acid that can produce a buffer solution with such a pH of about 3.5.
However, it also need to consider buffer capacity, which is a factor that can alter the pH of a solution by one unit in a liter.
The connection between the components' concentrations and their concentrations themselves affects buffer capacity in addition to their individual concentrations.
Therefore, Formic acid, Sodium formiate will generate a buffer solution with pH around 3. 5.
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What types of elements have atomic radii which remain relatively constant across a period? group of answer choices transition metal elements nonmetal
"Transition metal elements" are the type of element which have atomic radii which remain relatively constant across a period.
Periods refer to the horizontal lines of the periodic table. Each period represents the sequential occupation of an atom's valence shell orbitals, also with longer periods representing the employment of an atom's d subshell orbitals.
As the atomic number rises, more electrons, as well as protons, are present, increasing attraction over time, which drives the atomic radius to shrink over time.
Therefore, "Transition metal elements" are the type of element which have atomic radii which remain relatively constant across a period.
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If an ideal solution contains 3. 50 mol of a non-volatile solute and 15. 8 mol of solvent, and it has a vapor pressure of 22. 6 torr, what is the vapor pressure of the pure solvent (in torr)?
The vapour pressure of the solvent is 28.25 torr.
Raoult's law is a physical chemistry relationship with consequences for thermodynamics. The theory, put out by French chemist François-Marie Raoult in 1887, asserts that the partial pressure of each component of an ideal mixture of liquids is equal to the vapor pressure of the pure component (liquid or solid) multiplied by its mole fraction in the mixture. As a result, the mole fraction of the solute in the solution is equal to the relative decrease in vapor pressure of a diluted solution of a nonvolatile solute.
According to Raoult's law, p = p⁰ × x
Where,
p = partial vapour pressure of the solvent
p⁰ = vapour pressure of the solvent
x = mole fraction of solvent
The mole fraction of the pure solvent = 15 .8 /19.3
= 0.81
Substitute values in the above expression,
p = p⁰ × x
22.6 = p⁰ × 0.8
p⁰ = 28.25 torr
Therefore, the vapour pressure of the solvent is 28.25 torr.
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if there are 12 moles of hydrogen how many moles of nitrogen are needed to react completely with the hydrogen? (N2(g)+3H2(g)->2NH3(g))
Answer:
Explanation:
Take a look at the balanced chemical equation for this synthesis reaction
N
2(g]
+
3
H
2(g]
→
2
NH
3(g]
Notice that you have a
1
:
3
mole ratio between nitrogen gas and hydrogen gas. This means that, regardless of how many moles of nitrogen gas you have, the reaction will always consume twice as many moles of hydrogen gas.
So, if you have
2
moles of nitrogen taking part in the reaction, you will need
2
moles N
2
⋅
3
moles H
2
1
mole N
2
=
6 moles H
2
Which main intermolecular force must be overcome to convert liquid nh3 to nh3 vapor?
Intermolecular hydrogen force must be overcome to convert liquid NH3 to NH3 vapour.
Sublimation is the phase transition of a substance directly from the solid to the gaseous phase without passing through the liquid phase.
There are the 3 forces that exist between the 2 molecules of NH3
1. Dispersion force: these forces exist between any 2 molecules regardless of anything else.
2. Hydrogen bonding: H is directly bonded to the extremely electronegative atom N, O and F, hence is nearly stripped off electron due to the large electronegativity difference. Hydrogen being small atom further reduces in size even allowing it to approach other molecules very closely. Here, N, O, and F gathers more partial negative charge.
Due to the closure approach between the molecule and strong partial charge, hydrogen bonding is generally more important than dipole bond.
3. dipole dipole interaction: NH3 is a polar molecule with a permanent separation of charge. Each molecules behaves like a tiny magnet and has positive and negative poles so 2 NH3 molecules attract each other. Dipole dipole interactions are stronger than dispersion force in the small molecules.
Thus we concluded that the hydrogen bond should overcome to convert NH3 to vapours.
learn more about hydrogen bond :
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How many grams of water are made from the reaction of 16.0 grams of o2? given the reaction: 2h2 o2 --> 2h2o
Answer:
18.0 g H₂O
Explanation:
To find the mass of water (H₂O), you need to (1) convert grams O₂ to moles O₂ (via the molar mass), then (2) convert moles O₂ to moles H₂O (via mole-to-mole ratio from equation coefficients), and then (3) convert moles H₂O to grams H₂O (via the molar mass). It is important to arrange the conversions in a way that allows for the cancellation of units. The final answer should have 3 sig figs to match the sig figs of the given value.
Molar Mass (O₂): 2(15.998 g/mol)
Molar Mass (O₂): 31.996 g/mol
Molar Mass (H₂O): 2(1.008 g/mol) + 15.998 g/mol
Molar Mass (H₂O): 18.014 g/mol
2 H₂ + 1 O₂ -----> 2 H₂O
16.0 g O₂ 1 mole 2 moles H₂O 18.014 g
--------------- x ---------------- x --------------------- x ----------------- = 18.0 g H₂O
31.996 g 1 mole O₂ 1 mole