The conductivity of the solution in a reaction can be used to measure rates of reactions involving?

2.3352 g of PbCl₂ are formed when 50. 0 ml of 0. 336 m KCl react with pb(no3)2.

The balanced equation for the above double displacement reaction is as follows;

2KCl + Pb(NO₃)₂ ---> PbCl₂ + 2KNO₃

Stoichiometry of KCl to PbCl₂ is 2:1

This means that 2 mol of KCl would react with every 1 mol of PbCl₂

The molarity of KCl = 0. 336 M

in 1 L of KCl, there are mol

Therefore in  50. 0 ml of KCl, there are=  [tex]\frac{0. 336 * 50}{1000}[/tex]

Number of KCl moles reacted = 0.0168 mol

according to stoichiometry

number of PbCl₂ moles formed =  1/2 x number of KCl moles reacted

Therefore number of PbCl₂ moles formed = 0.0168 mol/2 = 0.0084 mol

molar mass of PbCl₂ = 278 g/mol

mass of PbCl₂ formed = 278 g/mol x 0.0084 mol = 2.3352 g

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Gasoline is refined petroleum used in engines as a fuel. It contains octane that can be converted to isooctane by adding catalysts like platinum and palladium.

Catalysts are substances that raise the reaction rate by decreasing the activation energy but do not get consumed themselves in a reaction.

Platinum and palladium metals can be used as a catalyst to convert the octane of the gasoline into isooctane as they are oxidation catalyst that converts the fuel components into water and carbon dioxide.

Therefore, platinum and palladium are used as catalysts in converting octane.

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The resistance of the heating element is 21.61 Ω

Given

The power dissipated = 1500 W

Voltage = 180 V

We know that

Power = Voltage * Current

⇒ Power / Voltage = Current

⇒ 1500 W/180 V = Current

⇒ 8.33 A = Current

In order to calculate the resistance of the heating element. We Have to apply the formula

Power = (Current)^2 * Resistance

⇒ Resistance = Power / (Current)^2

⇒ Resistance = 1500 W/ (8.33) ^2

⇒ Resistance = 21.61 Ω

Hence the resistance of the heating element is 21.61 Ω

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Magnesium is a metal that reacts quickly. Magnesium chloride or hydrogen gas will be produced during the reaction with hydrochloric acid. Following will happen as a result: Mg(s)+2HCl(aq)→MgCl2(aq)+H2(g).

The equation for how magnesium interacts with hydrochloric acid reads: Mg(s)+2 HCl(aq) = MgCl2(aq)+H (g) This experiment can be used to demonstrate the production of hydrogen gas, a single displacement reaction, or even the typical reaction for metals with acid.

Because energy was released into the environment when magnesium or oxygen particle collide to create new bonds, burning magnesium is indeed an exothermic reaction. Baking soda and citric acid react endothermically when the temperature drops. As the temperature rises, magnesium or hydrochloric acid undergo exothermic reactions.

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Answer:

from 10-14

Explanation:

the pH of potassium hydroxide is extremely high and is a strong base although the exact value depends on the concentration of the base in water.

Answer:

glucose and fructose

Explanation:

Sucrose is a disaccharide (a kind of sugar made of two monosaccharides) made of glucose and fructose

Explanation:

number of mole s of H

2

= 0.25 moles

number of molecules = moles * Avogadro’s Number

number of molecules = 0.25×(6.022×10

23

)

number of molecules = 1.505×10

23

single molecule of hydrogen contains two H-atoms. So,

number of atoms = 2×(1.505×10

23

) = 3.01×10

23

Benzene is produced as a side product when water react with phenyl magnesium bromide during Grignard reactions.

The Grignard reaction  involves an R-Mg-X, a carbon chain bound to a magnesium halide, used to form alcohols  by attacking carbonyls such as in aldehydes or ketones.

Here R act as a nucleophile and Mg-X act as a electrophile. Instead of attacking carbonyl, which is  present in the reaction, the benzene ring will attack  water molecules present around, grabbing a H⁺ and pushing away MgBr .    

The required reaction is :

PhMgBr + H₂O → Ph-H + MgBrOH

Thus from the above conclusion we can say that it is always advised to use dry Grignard to avoid this reaction.

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When an electron passes through the magnetic field of a horseshoe magnet, the electron's direction is changed.

Path of an electron in a magnetic field

The force (F) on wire of length L carrying a current I in a magnetic field of strength B is given by the equation:

F = BIL

But Q = It and since Q = e for an electron and v = L/t you can show that :

Magnetic force on an electron = BIL = B[e/t][vt] = Bev where v is the electron velocity

In a magnetic field the force is always at right angles to the motion of the electron (Fleming's left hand rule) and so the resulting path of the electron is circular.

Therefore :

Magnetic force = Bev = mv2/r = centripetal force

v = [Ber]/m

and so you can see from these equations that as the electron slows down the radius of its orbit decreases.

If the electron enters the field at an angle to the field direction the resulting path of the electron (or indeed any charged particle) will be helical. Such motion occurs above the poles of the Earth where charges particles from the Sun spiral through the Earth's field to produce the aurorae.

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The molar mass of the compound is 68 g/mol.

The Osmotic pressure can be obtained from the relationship;

π= iCRT

π= osmotic pressure = 28.1 mmHg or 0.037 atm

i = Vant Hoff factor = 1

C = concentration = ?

R = gas constant = 0.082 atmLK-1Mol

T = temperature = 20°c + 273 = 293 K

C = π/iRT

C =  0.037/1 * 0.082  * 293

C = 0.0015 M

Now;

Number of moles = C/V = 0.0015/100 * 10^-3

= 0.015 moles

Number of moles = mass/molar mass

Molar mass =  mass/Number of moles = 0. 102 g/ 0.015 moles = 68 g/mol

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This family (ethane, propane, butane, etc) of materials is likely to have following set of properties.

The ethane, propane, butane, belong to alkanes family.The alkanes are also considers as saturated hudrocarbons. Ethane is found in gaseous stae Ethane is the second alkane followed by propane followed by butane.

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Answer: 2 C2H6(g) + 7 O2(g) → 4 CO2(g) + 6 H2O(g)

Explanation:

Apologies for the error. Let me provide the correct balanced equation for the combustion of C2H6 (ethane) and address your additional question:

1. Combustion of Ethane (C2H6):

C2H6(g) + 3.5 O2(g) → 2 CO2(g) + 3 H2O(g)

To remove the half-coefficient, you can multiply the entire equation by 2:

2 C2H6(g) + 7 O2(g) → 4 CO2(g) + 6 H2O(g)

2. Combustion of Propane (C3H8):

C3H8(g) + 5 O2(g) → 3 CO2(g) + 4 H2O(g)

3. Combustion of Butane (C4H10):

C4H10(g) + 6.5 O2(g) → 4 CO2(g) + 5 H2O(g)

In all these reactions, the hydrocarbon (ethane, propane, butane) reacts with oxygen gas (O2) to produce carbon dioxide (CO2) and water (H2O).2C2H6(g)+7O2(g)→4CO2(g)+6H2O(g)

The nature of ions formed by different atoms is as follows:

Ions are substances which are formed when neutral atoms gain or lose electrons.

There are two types of ions based on the charge the ion carries;

The nature of the ions formed by different atoms depend on whether the atoms are atoms of metals or atoms of non-metals.

Metal atoms form positively-charged ions by the loss of one or more electrons as illustrated below:

where; M is a metal atom, M⁺ is a metal ion, and e⁻ is an electron.

Non-metal atoms form negatively-charged ions by the gain of one or more electrons as illustrated below:

where; N is a non-metal atom, N⁻ is a non-metal ion, and e⁻ is an electron.

In conclusion, the nature of ions formed by atoms depends on the nature of the atom, whether they are metallic or non-metallic atoms.

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Answer:

Carbonyl

Explanation:

While the diagram is slightly unclear, the molecule most likely being shown is a carbonyl. A molecule is a carbonyl when there is a carbon double-bonded to an oxygen.

The mass of the piece of wood is 35.58 g.

Joule = M × T × C

Where, M = mass

T = change in temperature(42C-23C=19 C)

C = specific heat capacity = 1.716 joules/gram

Substituting the values in the equation,

1160 = M × 19 × 1.716

M = 1160/32.604 = 35.58 g

Therefore, the mass of the piece of wood = 35.58 g

A material's specific heat capacity, which is defined as its heat capacity divided by its mass, determines how much energy is required to increase a gram's temperature by one degree Celsius (or one Kelvin)

Mass is the quantity of matter in a physical body.

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Answer:

The correct answer, I think it's liquid

Answer:

I believe that it's liquid

When comparing the titration curves for the titration of a strong acid with a strong base and the titration of a weak acid with a strong base, pH increases when we reach the equivalent point.

Initially the pH rises little by little. This is because the scale of the pH increases is logarithmic. Then it rises sharply near the equivalent point. At this point the remaining hydronium ions are low, and only a small amount of hydroxide ion is needed to raise the pH.

Weak acid has low pH but second point is firstly the pH rises faster but less quickly when approaching the equivalent point.

The pH produced by titration of weak acid with strong base rises faster at first but less quickly when approaching the equivalent point.

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The photon which is required to raise the temperature of 2.1 gm of water by 1.7 kk is 2.16 x [tex]10^{20} photons[/tex]

Given the following data:

Mass of water = [tex]2.1 gm[/tex]

Change in temperature = [tex]1.7 Kelvin[/tex]

Wavelength of infrared =  [tex]2.9[/tex] х [tex]10^{-4} cm[/tex]

Specific heat capacity of water = 4.18 J/g°K.

Conversion:

100 cm = 1 m

[tex]2.9 X 10^{-4} cm = 2.9 X 10^{-6}[/tex]

To find the amount of photons required to raise the temperature of 2.1 g of water:

First of all, we would determine the quantity of energy required to raise the temperature of water:

Mathematically, quantity of energy is given by the formula;

[tex]Q = mc[/tex]θ

Where:

Q represents the quantity of energy.

m represents the mass of an object.

c represents the specific heat capacity.

∅ represents the change in temperature.

Substituting the given parameters into the formula, we have;

[tex]Q = 2.1(4.18)(1.7)\\\\Q = 14.92 Joules[/tex]

Mathematically, the Planck-Einstein relation is given by the formula:

[tex]E = hf[/tex]

Where:

h is Planck constant.

f is photon frequency.

To find the photon frequency, we would use this formula:

[tex]Photon frequency = \frac{speed}{wavelength} \\\\Photon frequency = \frac{3(10^{8} )}{2.9(10^{-6} )}\\ \\Photon frequency = \frac{300000000}{0.0000029}\\ \\Photon frequency = 1.04 X 10^{14} Hz[/tex]

Applying Planck-Einstein's relation, we would determine the energy required by each of photon:

[tex]E = 6.626[/tex] х [tex]10^{-34}[/tex] х [tex]1.04[/tex] х [tex]10^{14}[/tex]

[tex]E= 6.89[/tex] х [tex]10^{-20} Joules[/tex]

Now, we can calculate the amount of photons required to raise the temperature of 2.1 g of water by using this expression:

[tex]Number of photons = \frac{Q}{E} \\\\Number of photons = \frac{14.92}{6.89(10^{-20} )}\\ \\Number of photons = 2.16 X 10^{20} photons[/tex]

Disclaimer: Given Question is incomplete, please find the correct question:

Water is exposed to infrared radiation of wavelength 2.9x10-4 cm. Assume that all the radiation is absorbed and converted to heat. How many photons will be required to raise the temperature of 2.1 g of water by 1.7 K? Express your answer using two significant figures.

Thus the concluded that number of photon is 2.16 x [tex]10^{20}[/tex] photons.

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The concentration of the hydroxide ion given that the concentration of the hydronium ion 1.0 times 10^-14 M. The reverse mathematical method used to determine the pOH can be used to get the hydroxide ion concentration from the pOH. How many hydroxide ions are there in a solution with a pOH of 5.70, for instance.

Calculate 10-5.70, or "inverse" log, on a calculator (- 5.70). It indicates that one hydroxide ion is produced by one part of the NaOH solution. Because of this, the molar concentration of hydroxide ions in the solution is the same as the molar concentration of the NaOH.

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The chance of recurrence of a polygenic trait based on its known incidence in a particular population refers to continuous variation

Polygenic is a trait that is controlled by a group of non-allelic genes. For example, humans can be many different sizes. Height is a polygenic trait, controlled by at least three genes with six alleles. If you are dominant for all of the alleles for height, then you will be very tall. Skin color is also a polygenic trait, as are hair and eye color. A trait that is controlled by a group of non-allelic genes.

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Natalie is observing electron cloud model of an atom.

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Using 1h nmr spectroscopy, the difference between an aldehyde and a ketone is predicted as an aldehyde contains two C-H stretches ranging between 2700-2850 cm⁻¹.

Spectroscopy is the study of how light as well as other radiation are absorbed and emitted by materials, and how this depends just on wavelength of that radiation.

Some characteristics of spectroscopy are-

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Answer:

18016

Explanation:

(empirical formula)n=molar mass

Answer: C_6 H_12 O_6

Explanation: The molar mass of glucose is given as 180.16 gm/mol.

It is 40% carbon, so the weight of the carbon is 40% of 180.16 =72.06 gm. The molar weight of the carbon is 12.011 gm, so the total number of the moles of carbon are 72.06/12.011 = 6 moles.

It is 6.719% of hydrogen, so the weight of the hydrogen is 6.719% of 180.16 = 12.105 gm. The molar weight of the hydrogen is 1.008 gm, so the total number of the moles of hydrogen are 12.105/1.008 = 12 moles.

It is 53.27% of oxygen, so the weight of the oxygen is 53.27% of 180.16 = 95.97 gm. The molar weight of the oxygen is 16 gm, so the total number of the moles of oxygen are 95.97/16 = 6 moles.

Uranium,means of enriching the percentage of uranium-235 for use as nuclear fuel. The most popular fuel for nuclear fission in nuclear power plants is uranium. A specific variety of uranium, U-235, is used as fuel in nuclear power reactors because its atoms are simple to separate.

U-235, which makes up little over 0.7% of natural uranium while being nearly 100 times more prevalent than silver, is relatively uncommon.Commercially, the U235 isotope is processed further to produce nuclear fuel after being enriched to 3 to 5% (from its native form of 0.7%).

Uranium oxide is transformed at the conversion facility into uranium hexafluoride (UF6), which can then be used in enrichment facilities. Low enriched uranium (LEU) fuel, which is used in the majority of nuclear power plants' light water reactors, can be replaced by MOX fuel.

The most popular fuel for nuclear fission in nuclear power plants is uranium. A specific variety of uranium, U-235, is used as fuel in nuclear power reactors because its atoms are simple to separate. U-235, which makes up little over 0.7% of natural uranium while being nearly 100 times more prevalent than silver, is relatively uncommon.

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Answer:

Isopropyl alcohol or  Propan-2-ol

Explanation:

Hope it  helps!

Mn metal can be used as a sacrificial electrode to prevent the rusting of an iron pipe. So, the correct option is (c) Mn.

Commonly, sacrificial electrodes are employed to stop another metal from corroding or oxidising. A metal that is more reactive than the metal being shielded must serve as the sacrificial electrode. Magnesium, aluminium, and zinc are the three metals most frequently used in sacrificial anodes.

Manganese-Magnesium (Mn-Mg) electrode is more suited for on-shore pipelines where the electrolyte (soil or water) resistivity is higher since it has the highest negative electropotential of the three. In order to replenish any electrons that could have been lost during the oxidation of the shielded metal, the highly active metal offers its electrons.

Therefore, Mn metal can be used as a sacrificial electrode to prevent the rusting of an iron pipe. So, the correct option is (c) Mn.

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option (c) 1 × 10-9 m is the right answer.

The [oh−] of the solution  having a [h3o ] of 1 × 10−5 m is 1 × 10-9 m.

The concentration of OH- ions will be,

OH- = Kw {H3O+}

{H3O+} = 1 × 10−5 M.

Kw = 14

On substituting the value in the equation,

OH = 14 { 1 × 10−5 M.}

OH = 1 × 10−9 M

Consequently, the [H3O+] of the solution is 1 × 10-5 M.

Option (C) is the right choice because the [OH-] of the solution will be 1 × 10-9 M.

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Answer:

b.2

Explanation:

Answer:

Mole fraction of water(H₂O) is 0.5 and the mole fraction of CH₃OH(Methanol) is 0.5.

Explanation:

Greetings !

The molecular weight of CH₃OH(Methanol)=32g/mol

The number of moles of CH₃OH=

[tex] \frac{128g}{32g/mol} [/tex]

=4moles

The molecular weight of water H₂O =18g/mol

The number of moles of=

[tex] \frac{72g}{18g/mol} [/tex]

=4moles

Total number of moles in the solution =4mol + 4mol

=8mol

Mole fraction Methanol CH₃OH=

[tex] \frac{4mol}{8mol} [/tex]

=0.5mol

Hope it helps!

Answer:

4510 J

Explanation:

To calculate the energy of the water, you need to use the following equation:

Q = mcΔT

In this equation,

-----> Q = energy/heat (J)

-----> m = mass (g)

-----> c = specific heat capacity (J/g°C)

-----> ΔT = change in temperature (°C)

First, you need to determine the mass of the water. To do this, you need to multiply the given volume by the density of water (1.00 g/mL).

 100.0 mL H₂O          1.00 g
------------------------  x  ------------  =  100.0 g H₂O
                                    1 mL

Now, you can plug the given values into the equation and solve for "Q" (Q = [tex]q_H_2_O[/tex]). The final answer should have 3 significant figures to match the given values with the lowest number of sig figs.

Q = ? J                           c = 4.18 J/g°C

m = 100.0 g                  ΔT = 32.0 °C - 21.2 °C = 10.8 °C

Q = mcΔT

Q = (100.0 g)(4.18 J/g°C)(10.8 °C)

Q = 4510 J

4510Answer:

Explanation: