A single slit with a width of 2019 * 109 m creates its initial minimal for 624 nm light at an angle of 18°.
How does diffraction work?
Waves spreading outward around obstructions are known as diffraction. Diffraction happens with sound, electromagnetic radiation like light, X-rays, and gamma rays, as well as with incredibly minuscule moving particles like atoms, neutrons, and electrons that exhibit wavelike qualities. Diffraction prevents the creation of sharp shadows as one of its effects. In order to spread out and illuminate regions at which a shadow is anticipated, light must be bent around corners, which is known as diffraction.
Calculation:
Provided for a single slit, m=1
λ = 624 *10⁻⁹
sinθ = sin 18⁰
Therefore,
asinθ=mλ
a = [tex]\frac{1 * 624 *10^{-9} }{sin 18}[/tex]
⇒a = 2019 *10⁻⁹ m
Therefore the width of a single slit is 2019 *10⁻⁹ m.
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Potassium permanganate is a strong oxidizer that reacts explosively with easily oxidized materials. What is its formula?
Answer: KMnO4 (subscript 4)
The external expression of a mineral’s orderly internal arrangement of atoms is referred to as:____.
The external expression of a mineral’s orderly internal arrangement of atoms is referred to as its crystal form
Internally, a mineral's crystal structure, or regular, repeating arrangement of atoms, reflects the chemical makeup of the mineral. A CHEMICAL FORMULA, which only lists the proportions of the various elements and groups of elements in the mineral, can be used to describe the composition of a mineral. For minerals with a narrow range of composition, the latter idea—groups of elements—comes into play. Color, hardness, luster, crystal formations, density, and cleavage are characteristics that aid geologists in determining a mineral's identity in a rock. The atomic structure of a crystal essentially determines its form, cleavage, and hardness. Chemical composition is the main determinant of color and density.
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Calculate the number of atoms in a 5.31 x 10³ g sample of sodium.
number of atoms:
Answer:
no of atoms = 13.9 x 10^25
Explanation:
No. of moles = mass of compound / molar mass of compound
As ; mass of sodium = 5.3 x 10^3 g
Molar mass of sodium = 22.9 g/ mol
putting values
n = 5.3 x 10^3 / 22.9
n = 231.4 mol
Also; no of mol (n) = no of particles / Avagadros number
so no of particles = n x Avagadros no.
put n = 231.4 and Avagadros no = 6.023 x 10^23
no of particles = 231.4 x 6.023 x 10^23
= 13.9 x 10^25
How many moles of argon are in 13.9 g of argon?
Answer:
0.348 moles Ar
Explanation:
You can determine the moles of argon (Ar) by multiplying the given mass by the atomic mass of argon. This number gives the mass in grams per 1 mole. It is important to arrange the conversion in a way that allows for the cancellation of units. The final answer should have 3 significant figures to match the sig figs of the given value (13.9 = 3 sig figs).
Atomic Mass (Ar): 39.948 g/mol
13.9 g Ar 1 mole
----------------- x ------------------ = 0.348 moles Ar
39.948 g
A substance with a high [h ] would likely have which additional characteristics?
Answer:
Is [h] really [H]? What characteristics are mentioned?
Explanation:
A high [H} means high acid concentration.
The reaction of hydrogen bromide(g) with chlorine(g) to form hydrogen chloride(g) and bromine(g) proceeds as follows:
2HBr(g) + Cl2(g) -->2HCl(g) + Br2(g)
When 23.5 g HBr(g) reacts with sufficient Cl2(g), 11.8 kJ is evolved.
Calculate the value of △,H for the chemical equation given.
What is the daughter nucleus produced when zn63 undergoes electron capture? replace each question mark with the appropriate integer or symbol
The daughter nucleus that is produced is ₂₉⁶³cu.
What is Electron capture?
The process of drawing an electron to the nucleus, where it combines with a proton to create a neutron and a neutrino particle, is known as electron capture.
The daughter nucleus is the nucleus that is made by the parent nucleus. The nucleus that remains after the decay is called the daughter nucleus.
Here is the chemical formula for the reaction that results in the electron capture of the zinc-63 nucleus:
[tex]_A^ZX + e^- = _A^Z_-_1 Y + ye[/tex]
[tex]_3_0^6^3Zn\; + e^- = _2_9^6^3Cu + ye[/tex]
Thus, the daughter nucleus produced when zn63 undergoes electron capture is [tex]_2_9^6^3Cu[/tex].
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Calculate the approximate amount os sodium hydroxide needed to make 500ml if a. 3 naoh solution.
6 gram of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) needed to make 500ml if 0.3 NaOH solution.
What is molarity?Molarity (M) is the amount of a substance in a certain volume of solution.
Molarity is defined as the moles of a solute per liters of a solution.
The unit of molarity is mol/L.
Volume of NaOH = 500 mL
Molarity of the aqueous solution = 0.3 M
Molar mass of NaOH= (23+16+1) g = 40g
Let the mass of NaOH be X.
Now , according to formula number of moles of a given substance = given mass / molar mass
Therefore, no. of moles of NaOH = X/40
Since, molarity = number of moles of solute/ volume of solution in liter.
Hence, 0.3 = ( X /40) / (500 / 1000)
Solving this we get X= 6g
6 gram of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) needed to make 500ml if 0.3 NaOH solution.
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Which carboxylic acid derivative can be made from another carboxylic acid derivative by a dehydration reaction?
Acid nitric oxide
When a carboxylic acid combines with an acid chloride in the presence of a base, anhydrides are frequently produced.
The Fischer esterification, which involves reacting a carboxylic acid with an alcohol to produce an ester: RCO2H + R′OH RCO2R′ + H2O, is a well-known example of a dehydration reaction. The presence of a dehydrating agent, or a chemical that reacts with water, is frequently necessary for these processes.
Although an ester is produced when an acyl chloride and an alcohol react, this conversion cannot be stopped by adding HCl to the reaction mixture. One of the most popular carboxylic derivatives is esters.
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Calculate the ph after 10. 0 ml of 0. 40 m naoh is added to 20. 0 ml of 0. 50 m hc.
The pH is 13.31.
The smaller the pH value the more acidic, the larger the pH value the more basic.
The range is 0 to 14, with 7 representing neutrality. Acidity is indicated by pH values below 7, whereas baseness is shown by pH values above 7.
Molarity (M) is the amount of a substance in a certain volume of solution. Molarity is defined as the moles of a solute per liters of a solution.
Molarity of NaOH = 0.40 M
Volume of NaOH = 10.0 mL
Molarity of HCL = 0.50 M
Volume of HCL = 20.0 ml
[tex][OH^-] = (M_2V_2 -M_1V_1)/(V_1+V_2)\\[/tex]
[tex]= (0.50*20.0 - 0.40*10.0) / (20+10)[/tex]
[tex]= (10 -4)/ 30\\[/tex]
[tex]= 6/30[/tex]
[tex]=0.2[/tex]
[tex]pOH = - log (OH ^-)[/tex]
[tex]pOH = - log (0.2)\\[/tex]
[tex]pOH = - ( - 0.698)[/tex]
[tex]pOH = 0.69[/tex]
[tex]pH + pOH = 14[/tex]
[tex]pH = 14 -0.69[/tex]
[tex]pH = 13.31[/tex]
Therefore, the pH after 10.0 mL of 0.40 M NaOH is 13.31.
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What is the molar solubility of a saturated solution of magnesium hydroxide, mg(oh)2, in water? the ksp of mg(oh)2 is 1. 2×10^–11
The molar solubility of saturated solution of magnesium hydroxide in water will be 1.4 × [tex]10^{-4}[/tex].
The concentration of such ions in a suitable solvent that will be in equilibrium with both the solid substance is known as the solubility product, or Ksp, of such an ionic compound.
When a chemical substance in the solid form would be in chemical equilibrium with such a solution of that molecule, a solubility equilibrium would be a sort of dynamic equilibrium that develops.
The molar solubility of magnesium hydroxide can be expressed as:
[tex]K_{sp} = [Mg^{2+} ][OH^{-} ]^{2}[/tex]
Let the molal solubility will be S.
[tex]K_{sp} = S(S^{2} )\\1.2 * 10^{-11} = 4S^{3} \\(S)^{3} = 0.3 *10^{-11} \\S = 1.4 *10^{-4}[/tex]
Therefore, the molar solubility of saturated solution of magnesium hydroxide in water will be 1.4 × [tex]10^{-4}[/tex].
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The isotope ra decays to rn by emitting radiation. What type of radiation is emitted?
Heavy elements such as radium, uranium, and thorium, all have alpha decaying nuclei. An Rn (radon) nuclei are created when a Ra (radium) nucleus decays, emitting an alpha particle in the process.
Discussion about radiation:
The radioactive process known as alpha decay, sometimes known as α radiation, involves the ejection of an alpha particle from the nucleus, which includes 2 neutrons and 2 protons.
A helium atom's nucleus and an alpha particle have many similarities. Instability is seen as being present in all nuclei with an atomic number (Z) more than 82. These are frequently subject to alpha decay and are thought to be "neutron-rich." Heavy elements such as radium, uranium, thorium, etc., all have alpha decaying nuclei. An Rn (radon) nucleus is created when a Ra (radium) nucleus decays, emitting an alpha particle in the process.The mass number (A) and atomic number (Z) are typically lowered by two and four, respectively, during alpha decay. For instance, Ra-226 with atomic numbers 88 and 226 is converted into Rn-222 with the mass number 222 and atomic number 86 by alpha decay.Learn more about alpha decay here:
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Chemical reactions can be detected by: _________
a) color change from reactants to products
b) the production of a precipitate
c) a change in temperature
d) an increase of surface area
(A) Color changes from reactant to products.
The rate of a chemical reaction is calculated by dividing the rate of change in a reactant or product's concentration by the coefficient from the equation's balanced state.
2N2O5(g) → 4NO2(G) + O2(g)
A change in color and the appearance of bubbles are two indications of a chemical shift.In a chemical process, the makeup of the components changes; in a physical change, the appearance, smell, or straightforward exhibition of a sample of matter changes without changing its composition.
Despite the fact that we refer to them as physical "reactions," nothing is actually changing. A change in the substance in question's elemental composition is necessary for a reaction to occur. Therefore, from now on, we will simply refer to bodily "reactions" as physical changes.
Physical modifications must only cause a variation in display without altering the composition. Typical modifications include, but are not limited to:
Texture\Color\Temperature\Shape
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Select the correct boxes. which two elements have the same number of valence electrons?
Carbon and silicon have same number of valance electrons which is 4 electrons
Now, Barium is a 2nd group element. So, it has two valance electrons.
Silicon is a 16th group element and it has 4 valance electrons as does the carbon. This is because they both stay in the same group in the periodic table.
Neon is a noble gas which has 8 valance electrons and stays in the 18th group.
Therefore, carbon and silicon have same number of valance electrons which is 4 electrons.
What are Valence electrons ?The electrons in an atom's outermost shell, or energy level, are called valence electrons. For instance, the valence electrons of oxygen are six, with two in the 2s subshell and four in the 2p subshell.
The number of valence electrons for neutral atoms is the same as the number of the atom's main group. A periodic table element's column can be used to determine its main group number. For instance, carbon, which belongs to group 4, has four valence electrons. Group 6 oxygen contains six valence electrons.Learn more about Valence electrons here:
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three difference between radicle and plumule
Answer:
1)RADICLE ->It is the embryonic root of the plant.
PLUMULE ->It is the embryonic shoot of the plant.
2)RADICLE ->It grows downwards into the soil.
PLUMULE ->It grows upwards into the air.
3)RADICLE ->Radicle is the first part of the seedling.
PLUMULE -> Plumule grows after the radicle.
4)Radicles are negatively phototropic. Plumule is positively phototropic.
i am glad i helped
What impact would adding twice as much na2co3 than required for stoichiometric quantities have on the quantity of product produced?
The product will not be affected by the addition of twice as much Na₂CO₃.
What is Limiting reagent in stoichiometry ?The maximum quantity of the end product determined by a balanced chemical equation is known as the Stoichiometry.The limiting reactant is the one that is consumed first and sets a limit on the quantity of product(s) that can be produced, and the one which remains unconsumed after the final reaction is in Excess.Calculate the moles of each reactant present and contrast it with the mole ratio of the reactants in the balanced equation to determine which reactant is the limiting one.Here,taking the stoichiometry into consideration, we find that the reaction happens with 1:1 ratio; so, adding twice the amount of Na₂CO₃ will lead to its excess making the other the limiting reactant, hence, it would not affect the yield of the product.
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Write the mass of a neutron without using scientific notation and powers of ten. Include units in your answer.
{not a bot question} {physical science 1110}
The mass of a neutron without using scientific notation and powers of ten. The mass of a neutron is slightly greater than the mass of a proton, which is 1 atomic mass unit (AMU).
Particle Symbol Mass (amu)
proton p+ 1
electron e− 5.45 × 10−4
neutron n0 1
A neutron is an atom with the atomic number 10. Its atomic mass is 20.179, resulting in 10 neutrons and 10 protons in the nucleus, and 10 electrons outside. Neon; Neon, Ne is a colorless noble gas and also the second lightest noble gas. Neutron and proton masses are 1.0087 amu and 1.0073 amu respectively.
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1.50 moles of N2 at 825 mmhg and 303 K are contained in a 34.3 L bottle. What is the pressure of the system if an additional 1.00 mole of gas is added to the bottle and the temperature is reduced to 273 K?
Answer:
1240 mmHg
Explanation:
Since volume is being held constant, we can use the following variation of the Ideal Gas Law to find the new pressure.
[tex]\frac{P_1}{T_1N_1}=\frac{P_2}{T_2N_2}[/tex]
In the equation, "P₁", "T₁", and "N₁" represent the initial pressure, temperature, and moles. "P₂", "T₂", and "N₂" represent the final pressure, temperature, and moles. Your answer should have 3 sig figs to match the sig figs of the given values.
P₁ = 825 mmHg P₂ = ? mmHg
T₁ = 303 K T₂ = 273 K
N₁ = 1.50 moles N₂ = 1.50 + 1.00 = 2.50 moles
[tex]\frac{P_1}{T_1N_1}=\frac{P_2}{T_2N_2}[/tex] <----- Formula
[tex]\frac{825 mmHg}{(303K)(1.50 moles)}=\frac{P_2}{(273 K)(2.50 moles)}[/tex] <----- Insert values
[tex]\frac{825 mmHg}{454.5}=\frac{P_2}{682.5}[/tex] <----- Simplify denominators
[tex]1.815=\frac{P_2}{682.5}[/tex] <----- Simplify left side
[tex]1238.86 mmHg={P_2}[/tex] <----- Multiply both sides by 682.5
[tex]1240 mmHg={P_2}[/tex] <----- Apply sig figs
Answer:1240
Explanation:
What volume will 5.6 moles of sulfur hexafluoride
(SF6) gas occupy if the temperature and pressure of
the gas are 128°℃ and 9.4 atm?
Answer:
19.6 L SF₆
Explanation:
To find the volume, you need to use the Ideal Gas Law:
PV = nRT
In this equation,
-----> P = pressure (atm)
-----> V = volume (L)
-----> n = moles
-----> R = Ideal Gas constant (0.08206 atm*L/mol*K)
-----> T = temperature (K)
After converting the temperature from Celsius to Kelvin, you can plug the given values into the equation and simplify to find "V".
P = 9.4 atm R = 0.08206 atm*L/mol*K
V = ? L T = 128 °C + 273.15 = 401.15 K
n = 5.6 moles
PV = nRT
(9.4 atm)V = (5.6 moles)(0.08206 atm*L/mol*K)(401.15 K)
(9.4 atm)V = 184.3429
V = 19.6 L
If ionizing radiation interacts with a human cell, causing it to die after one or more divisions, it is classified as:____.
If ionizing radiation interacts with a human cell, causing it to die after one or more divisions, it is classified as mitotic death.
Hence, Option C is correct answer.
What is Ionizing radiation ?Ionizing radiation is a form of energy which is released by atoms that travels in the form of electromagnetic waves.
Examples: Heat or light from the Sun.
What is Mitotic Death ?Radiation damage to the cell death occurs when cells to attempt to divide with the damaged DNA.
Thus from the above conclusion we can say that If ionizing radiation interacts with a human cell, causing it to die after one or more divisions, it is classified as mitotic death.
Hence, Option C is correct answer.
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Disclaimer: The question was given incomplete on the portal. Here is the complete question.
Question: If ionizing radiation interacts with a human cell, causing it to die after one or more divisions, it is classified as
(A) interference of function
(B) mitotic delay
(C) mitotic death
(D) reproductive death
The combination of a carbonyl group and a hydroxyl group on the same carbon atom is called a ________ group
The combination of a carbonyl group and a hydroxyl group on the same carbon atom is called a Carboxyl group.
What is the Carboxyl Group ?The carboxyl group is an organic functional group. Carboxyl group contains two functional groups that is carbonyl group (C = O) and hydroxyl group (OH) which attached with single carbon atom. The structural formula for carboxyl group is RCOOH where R is alkyl or aryl group.
Example of Carboxyl group: HCOOH (Methanoic Acid) , CH₃COOH (Ethanoic acid) etc.
Thus from the above conclusion we can say that The combination of a carbonyl group and a hydroxyl group on the same carbon atom is called a Carboxyl group.
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Choose the molecules that contains sphingosine.
a. sphingomyelins molecule
b. molecule
c. molecule
d. a phosphatidylcholine
Answer:
a phosphatidylcholine
The molecule that contains sphingosine is a phosphatidylcholine compound.
What is a compound?
Compound is defined as a chemical substance made up of identical molecules containing atoms from more than one type of chemical element.
Molecule consisting atoms of only one element is not called compound.It is transformed into new substances during chemical reactions. There are four major types of compounds depending on chemical bonding present in them.They are:
1)Molecular compounds where in atoms are joined by covalent bonds.
2) ionic compounds where atoms are joined by ionic bond.
3)Inter-metallic compounds where atoms are held by metallic bonds
4) co-ordination complexes where atoms are held by co-ordinate bonds.
They have a unique chemical structure held together by chemical bonds Compounds have different properties as those of elements because when a compound is formed the properties of the substance are totally altered.
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How much water would need to be added to 750 ml of a 2.8 m hcl solution to make a 1.0 m solution?
1.35 Litres of water need to be added to 750 ml of a 2.8 m hcl solution to make a 1.0 m solution.
Use the following relation:
M1V1=M2V2
Where M is molarity, V is volume and 1 is initial and 2 is the final conditions. Solving for V(2)
M1=2.8 M,V1=750 mL;M2=1.0 M
(2.8 M)×(750 mL)=(1.0 M)×V2
V2=(2.8 M)×(750 mL)(1.0 M) = 2100 mL = 2.1 L
Therefore, Volume of water to be added =2.1 L−0.75 L=1.35 L
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A glow stick contains a glass vial with chemicals. when the glow stick is bent, the vial breaks and the chemicals react to produce a glow. a science student observes that a glow stick kept in the freezer glows for a longer duration than a glow stick kept at room temperature. what conclusion can be drawn based on the observation? be sure to note the outcome and test variables in the conclusion.
A glow stick will glow longer at lower temperatures than at room temperature, one can infer from the observation. Temperature and reaction time are the test variables.
We notice in this reaction that a glow stick stored in the freezer lights for a longer period of time than a glow stick stored at normal temperature. This implies that temperature affects how long a response lasts.
The most straightforward explanation for this observation is that glow sticks glow longer in colder temperatures than they do at room temperature; as a result, glow sticks kept in the freezer are observed to glow longer than glow sticks kept at room temperature.
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What process permanently rearranges the basic structure of curly hair into a straight or smoother form?
Chemical hair relaxing is the process that permanently rearranges the basic structure of curly hair into a straight or smoother form.
Chemical relaxers disrupt disulfide bonds by using chemicals and extremely high heat.
The procedure of permanently altering the fundamental structure of excessively curly hair into a straight shape is known as chemical hair relaxing.
Professionally performed, it leaves the hair straight and in good enough condition to be styled into practically any shape.
Sodium hydroxide, which does not require pre-shampooing, and ammonium thioglycolate, which may require pre-shampooing, are the two main categories of hair relaxers.
Processing, neutralizing, and conditioning are the three fundamental phases in all chemical hair relaxing procedures.
Hence, Chemical hair relaxing is the process that permanently rearranges the basic structure of curly hair into a straight or smoother form.
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What is the C-terminal amino acid in the tetrapeptide
Val-Thr-Phe-Pro?
O threonine
O phenylaline
O valine
O proline
The C-terminal amino acid in the tetrapeptide is valine.
Valine is one of three branched-chain amino acids that enhance energy, increase endurance, and aid in muscle tissue recovery and repair. This group also lowers elevated blood sugar levels and increases growth hormone production.
The cease with a free carboxyl group is called the C-terminal amino acid residue. Peptides are named from the N-terminal acid residue to the C-terminal amino acid.
The C-terminal amino acid may be decided by way of addition of carboxypeptidases, enzymes which cleave amino acids from the C-terminal. A time direction ought to be carried out to look which amino acid is launched first.
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The C-terminal amino acid in the tetrapeptide is c) Valine.
The C-terminal amino acid is direct confirmation of the sequence of C terminal of the proteins that are expressed. It is present at the end of the protein sequence. A free carboxyl group is called the C-terminal amino acid residue.
A tetrapeptide is a chain containing four amino acids producing a Chain of amino acids.
Valine is three branched chain amino acids that is needed for protein synthesis. It enhances:
- Energy
- Muscle Growth
- Muscle Regeneration
- Increase endurance
- Muscle Recovery
Valine lowers elevated blood sugar levels. Also, it increases growth hormone production in the body.
Valine is found through following food:
MeatFishSoyDairyPeptides are named from the N-terminal acid residue present in the start to the C-terminal amino acid present at the end.
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Why is 15 m acetic acid an appropriate solvent in which to perform rate studies of electrophilic bromintations?.
15M acetic acid an appropriate solvent in which to perform rate studies of electrophilic bromintations as Acetic acid activates the bromine and makes it a better electrophile.
What is electrophilic halogenation?
In organic chemistry, an electrophilic aromatic halogenation is a type of electrophilic aromatic substitution. This organic reaction is typical of aromatic compounds and a very useful method for adding substituents to an aromatic system.Halogenation of Benzene where X is the halogen, catalyst represents the catalyst (if needed) and HX represents the protonated base.A few types of aromatic compounds, such as phenol, will react without a catalyst, but for typical benzene derivatives with less reactive substrates, a Lewis acid catalyst is required. Typical Lewis acid catalysts include AlCl3, FeCl3, FeBr3 and ZnCl2. These work by forming a highly electrophilic complex which is attacked by the benzene ring.To learn more about electrophilic halogenation: https://brainly.com/question/26831851
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How would you separate a mixture of 4-tert-butylphenol and 2- chlorobenzoic acid? Explain the detailed steps including the choice of solvent and why this solvent would be use.
The a mixture of 4-tert-butylphenol and 2- chlorobenzoic acid is separate by the by using bicarbonate solvent.
When solution of bicarbonate is added in mixture of 4-tert-butylphenol and 2- chlorobenzoic acid then 2- chlorobenzoic acid form a carboxylate ion whereas 4-tert-butylphenol is underacted and filtered out.
Since, only 2- chlorobenzoic acid which is acid is convert into its conjugate base by solution of bicarbonate in mixture of 4-tert-butylphenol and 2- chlorobenzoic acid .
However, phenol is less acidic than carboxylic acid. Both phenol and carboxylic acid is soluble in organic solvent . At that point as the phenol isolates as an oil, one needs to cool the blend in an ice shower to encourage crystallization
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Rounding to the nearest
tenth, what is the mean of
85, 85, 100, 90, 100, 85,
80, 100, 90?
For calculating mean value, add up all of the values then divide by the number of them. 815/9 is about 90.6
What is mean value?The mean refers to the average of a set of values. The mean can be computed in a number of ways, including the simple arithmetic mean (add up the numbers and divide the total by the number of observations), the geometric mean, and the harmonic mean.
Moreover, the mean can be used to represent the typical value and therefore serves as a yardstick for all observations. For example, if we would like to know how many hours on average an employee spends at training in a year, we can find the mean training hours of a group of employees.
Hence, the mean can be calculated only for numeric variables, no matter if they are discrete or continuous. It's obtained by simply dividing the sum of all values in a data set by the number of values.
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Which term describes this molecular shape?
Answer:
B.) Trigonal planar
Explanation:
This molecule has 3 bonds and no lone pairs. The angles are all 120° and the bonds are within the same plane. These molecules have the molecular shape of trigonal planar.