The observations which led Wallace to understand how species change over time are as follows:-
The traits in a population vary from one individual to another.Populations exhibit a tendency to produce more offspring in each generation than will survive.Individuals possessing traits which give them a slight advantage over other individuals in a population will survive, and over the period of time the former will surpass other individuals.Wallace did extensive fieldwork, firstly in the Amazon river basin and later in the Malay Archipelago, where he identified the faunal divide now know as the Wallace Line. The line divides the Indonesian archipelago into two distinct parts; a western portion in which the animals are largely of Asian origin, and an eastern portion where the fauna reflect Australasia.
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With your own words about the dangerous diseases in Honduras
for today please.
Chikungunya ( virus gotten thru mosquitoes )
Dengue Fever ( virus gotten thru mosquitoes )
Malaria ( parasite gotten thru mosquitoes ) treatment : quinine
Hepatitis B ( contagious ... like food eaten which was cooked from unclean hands) treatment : vaccine , antiviral medicine
Rabies ( bite of an rabid animal like dog or bat) treatment: needs shots right away, antiviral medicine, blood transfusion
Tetanus (cut from rusted metal) treatment : vaccine ,
Travellers' Diarrhoea
cdc
https://bewareofthebugs.com/countries/honduras/
The capacity of stress to ________ would predispose an organism to develop an infectious illness.
The capacity of stress to inhibit immune system would predispose an organism to develop an infectious illness.
How stress and immunity related?
Stress and the immune system have a dynamic relationship. Stress may lead to a reduction in the amount of the body's natural killer cells, or lymphocytes, which are white blood cells that aid in the fight against infection. The lower your lymphocyte count, the more vulnerable you are to viruses and infections, including those that cause the common cold and cold sores.Learn more about the stress on immune system with the help of the given link:
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• In your own words, discuss the role of each of the following structures in the whole process: cell membrane, vesicles (at two points in the process), ribosomes, Golgi apparatus, and endoplasmic reticulum
Answer:
1:to allow movement of small molecules in and out of cell
2
Which of the following actions put New York City at risk for climate disruption?
They left too many trees and vegetation.
They used different pipes for flood water and sewage.
They created a grid system of roads without considering flood control.
They built marshlands and swamps and a central park.
The actions that put New York City at risk for climate disruption is that they created a grid system of roads without considering flood control (option C).
What is climate change?Climate change is the large-scale and long-term change in the Earth's climatic system produced by global warming i.e. anthropogenic climate change.
Climate change is a case of global concern and it is as a result of anthropogenic activities.
According to this question, New York City is at the risk of climate disruption because of the action they took. This action is that New York City created a grid system of roads without considering flood control.
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How does the greenhouse effect influence the climate on earth? choose the best possible answer.
The greenhouse effect influences climate by increasing the global temperature.
What is greenhouse effect?The greenhouse effects are effects due to the presence of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.
The greenhouse gases form a layer of gas in the atmosphere and prevent reflected solar radiation from escaping back into space. They, therefore, warm up the atmosphere by increasing the thermal energy.
As the concentration of the greenhouse gases in the atmosphere increases, so also is the amount of reflected solar radiation that is trapped in the atmosphere.
Therefore, an increase in greenhouse gas concentration increases the global temperature. Temperature influences other climatic factors such as precipitation.
Thus, the greenhouse effects influence climate by causing a rise in global temperature.
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Due to ________________, water is absorbed by the kidneys and taken up by capillaries in the tissues.
Due to osmotic pressure, water is absorbed by the kidneys and taken up by capillaries in the tissues.
Reabsorption is the flow of fluid from a region of higher pressure within the tissues to a region of lower pressure within the capillaries. Osmotic pressure is the term for the net force that propels reabsorption, or the transfer of fluid from the interstitial fluid back into the capillaries (sometimes referred to as oncotic pressure).
Osmotic pressure pulls fluid back into the capillary, as opposed to hydrostatic pressure, which pushes fluid out. The hormone vasopressin, which is a peptide very similar in structure to oxytocin, regulates water absorption in the kidney.
Therefore, Due to osmotic pressure, water is absorbed by the kidneys and taken up by capillaries in the tissues.
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Which of the following choices correctly describes the
way energy flows in an ecosystem?
A. Primary Consumer to Decomposer to Secondary Consumer
to Producer to Tertiary Consumer
B. Primary Consumer to Secondary Consumer to Producer to Decomposer to Tertiary Consumer
C. Decomposer to Producer to Tertiary Consumer to Secondary
Corumer to Primary Consumer
D. Producer to primary consumer to secondary consumer to tertiary consumer to decomposer
How might a mutation in either a hormone or its receptor affect the physiological system that it normally regulates?
A mutation in either a hormone or its receptor might affect the physiological system that it normally regulates by either blocking hormone effect or creating a completely different effect.
Hormones can be called chemical messengers which coordinate distinct functions in the body. Many glands, organs and tissues produce and release hormones, many of which constitute the endocrine system.
A hormone will only act on a part of the body if it fits i.e. if the cells in the target tissue have receptors which can receive the message of the hormone. Given that hormones carry instructions in their structure, mutations alter their structures by changing nucleic acid sequences which blocks hormone function.
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Briefly describe two ways that a cytosolic protein (fully translated) can be targeted to the cytoplasmic face of the plasma membrane.
Through secretory pathway or cytosolic protein through cytosolic pathway.
The cytosol consists mostly of water, dissolved ions, small molecules, and large water-soluble molecules (such as proteins). The majority of these non-protein molecules have a molecular mass of less than 300 Da. Membrane proteins are inserted into the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) by two highly conserved parallel pathways. The well-studied co-translational pathway uses signal recognition particle (SRP) and its receptor for targeting and the SEC61 translocation for membrane integration.
However, mRNAs that encode cytosolic proteins can also be translated by ER-bound ribosomes. Thus, a large fraction of the proteome can be translated by ER-associated ribosomes. Such a diverse and selective translation of mRNAs redefines this ubiquitous organelle as a primary site of proteome synthesis in the cell.
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If an individual is heterozygous for two traits how many types of gametes can be produced?
if a individual is heterozygous for 2 traits then it will have 4 gametes
[tex]gametes = 2 {}^{n} \\ gametes = {2}^{2} \\ gametes = 4 \: types[/tex]
mould consists of large network of threads known as ______
Answer: Hyphae
Explanation: The hyphae are the large network threads.
The prevalence of the allele for sickle cell anemia in some populations is an example of?
"Balanced polymorphism" is demonstrated by the frequency of the trait for sickle cell anemia in various groups.
Why sickle cell anemia is called a Balanced polymorphism?
When individuals who possess two sets of the normal form gene have no benefit over heterozygous individuals, an illness might continue to be widespread. Balanced polymorphism would be at play when carriers have benefits that enable a harmful allele to survive in a community. This kind of polymorphism frequently involves heterozygosity for a hereditary disease that confers resistance to an infectious disease.
Sickle Cell Disorder
Anemia, joint discomfort, a huge spleen, and frequent, serious infections are all symptoms of the autosomal recessive illness sickle cell disease. Because carriers are immune to malaria, a parasitic ailment caused by Plasmodium falciparum that induces periods of cold and temperature, it serves as an example of balanced polymorphism.
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The presence of both immature neutrophils and nucleated erythrocytes in the peripheral blood is most accurately called a:______.
The presence of both immature neutrophils and nucleated erythrocytes in the peripheral blood is most accurately called a Neutrophilic shift .
Immature neutrophils in the blood may indicate the presence of a disorder in the bone marrow, such as leukemia. When immature neutrophils are found in the blood, doctors usually take a sample of bone marrow .Nucleated RBCs (NRBCs) are immature RBCs not normally seen in the peripheral blood beyond the neonatal period. Their appearance in peripheral blood of children and adults signifies bone marrow damage or stress and potentially serious underlying disease. Nucleated red blood cells represent a very immature form of erythrocytes that are released by the bone marrow when the body significantly lacks red blood cells, such as in severe anemia, thalassemia.
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Which protein does not belong in a thin filament? which protein does not belong in a thin filament? tropomyosin actin myosin troponin
Myosin protein does not belong in a thin filament.
What is myosin?Myosin are a class of motor proteins well recognized for their functions in the contraction of muscles and a variety of other eukaryotic motility processes. They are ATP-dependent and in charge of motility based on actin. By Wilhelm Kuhne, the first myosin was identified in 1864.Myosin, the first molecular motor, is a protein that converts ATP-derived chemical energy into mechanical energy to generate force and movement.A fibrous globulin found in muscles that may divide ATP and interacts with actin to generate actomyosin during muscle contraction.Each type of muscle tissue contains the proteins myosin and actin. Thick myosin filaments and thin actin filaments combine to create muscle contractions and movement.The molecular motor known as myosin transforms the chemical energy supplied by ATP into mechanical energy.Learn more about myosin here:
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G542x is another cftr allele. If a female heterozygous for g542x bears a child fathered by a male heterozygous for the δf508 allele, what is the probability that the child would be homozygous for the g542x allele, given that neither parent has cf?.
Probability that the child would be homozygous for the g542x allele 0.00
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What are some similarities and differences between the anthropologist subdisciplines?
Sociology and anthropology do have some parallels, but they are not exactly the same. On the one hand, anthropology examines the physical traits, environments, and cultures of modern humans and their forebears. Sociocultural, linguistic, biological, and archaeological anthropology are its subfields.
What is anthropology?In addition to studying the historical and modern human species, anthropology also examines human behavior, biology, cultures, civilizations, and linguistics. The scientific study of humans is known as anthropology. Anthropologists investigate all the various dimensions of the human experience from a holistic perspective. To learn how and what mattered to human groups hundreds or thousands of years ago, they turn to the past through archaeology. Human societies are compared internationally and historically in anthropology.For instance, we contrast the legal and religious systems of today with those of the past. We research multinational firms while comparing social systems such as family dynamics.The study of early hominids, chimpanzees, and people is known as anthropology.
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What is a potential outcome if one of your father's gametes did not go through meiosis correctly and one of the chromosomes did not separate correctly?
In this case, you will inherit a normal amount of genetic material from your mother but inherited an extra chromosome from your father.
Chromosome number anomalies are the easiest chromosomal illnesses to diagnose from a karyogram. Chromosome number disorders include alterations in the number of full sets of chromosomes as well as the duplication or deletion of entire chromosomes.
Nondisjunction, which happens when sister chromatids or homologous pairs of chromosomes fail to split during meiosis, is what causes them. The parent's age raises the likelihood of nondisjunction.
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________ represent(s) a substantial portion of the population, and few new products and services can be profitable until this large group buys them.
Answer:
The early majority
Explanation:
Early majority is the term which represents a substantial portion of population, and some new products as well as services which can be profitable until a large group buys them.
In the context of the Diffusion of Innovations theory, developed by Everett Rogers, the adoption of new products and services follows a predictable pattern. The theory categorizes people into different groups based on their willingness to adopt innovations.
For many new products and services, achieving success in the market often depends on gaining acceptance from the early majority. Once this large group embraces the innovation, it can lead to widespread adoption and profitability for the product or service.
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Pheromones used in reproduction are not likely to be found in organisms that only reproduce?
Pheromones used in reproduction are not likely to be found in organisms that only reproduce asexually.
The chemicals called pheromones are used to communicate between members of the same species and cause the recipient to react physically or behaviorally. Pheromones are a subset of organisms' larger class of chemicals to communicate, known as semiochemicals, from the Greek semeon, meaning signal or mark.
Animals communicate chemically constantly, with pheromones mediating more interactions than any other type of signal. The majority of pheromone research has been conducted on insects, particularly species that are considered pests.
For these, using pheromones that alter their behaviour in various ways might be employed for population control, pest management, or monitoring.
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What condition is characterized by normal lung tissue being replaced with scar-forming fibrous connective tissue as a result of exposure to asbestos fibers or similar irritants?
Asbestosis is a chronic lung disease caused by inhaling asbestos fibers. prolonged exposure to these fiber causes lung scar-forming fibrous connective tissue.
Asbestosis is serious lung condition which is caused by long term exposure to asbestos. Its a fibrous like material that was once used in building for insulation and roofing. The scarring restricts your breathing and interferes with the ability of oxygen to enter into bloodstream.
It is also called as pulmonary fibrous and interstitial pneumonitis. Fibrous refers to the thickening or scaring of the tissue. In this condition lacy walls of the air sacs in the lungs become thin and lacy but get thick, stiff and scarred which is called becoming fibrotic.
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The therapist noted that the muscles on the right side of omar’s body were smaller than those on the left side. what is this condition called?
The muscles on the right side of Omar's body were smaller than those on the left side due to Hemihypertrophy.
A hereditary condition known as hemihypertrophy causes a person's body to expand excessively on one side compared to the other. Because of continuing bone or soft tissue growth, one side of the body grows more quickly than the other. Everyone who is affected can have a different appearance, and youngsters frequently have it. One area of the body, like the legs, may be unaffected by the overgrowth. However, it might also affect the mouth, face, and limbs, among other body parts. Although the gene that causes hemihypertrophy isn't always known, it can be passed on from parents to children. Hemihypertrophy is frequently connected to chromosome 11 mutations in Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome.
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During a procedure called ___, angela's knee pain and joint stress is relieved when her inflamed joint space is punctured with a surgical needle and excess synovial fluid is removed.
Answer:
arthrocentesis
Explanation:
During a procedure called arthrocentesis, angela's knee pain and joint stress is relieved when her inflamed joint space is punctured with a surgical needle and excess synovial fluid is removed.
How can reverse transcriptase inhibitors slow the replication of dna? give an example that lay persons without this knowledge could understand, and why they need to know it.
Preventing reverse transcriptase activity is a tactic in the fight against contagious infections like HIV. Drugs can be created that specifically target and inhibit the reverse transcriptase enzyme, essentially freeing your DNA polymerase to carry out its function.
What are reverse transcriptase?AZT and DDI are two of the more well-known medications among them. AZT stands for azidothymidine in the acronym. This medication traps the invasive reverse transcriptases and causes them to stop copying RNA into DNA. When that occurs, the HIV virus is unable to multiply, and your immune system can more readily get rid of these infections from your body. Because it is so specialized in combating reverse transcriptase, AZT has been referred to as a magic bullet.
The fact that your body periodically uses reverse transcriptase-like processes for normal functioning makes it far from perfect, and the fact that HIV can swiftly adapt so that it is no longer deceived by AZT make it less than ideal. Because of this, a combination of many reverse transcriptase inhibitors, such as AZT and DDI, is frequently required for an effective HIV treatment.
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The dried pericarp that forms the peanut shell provides evidence that peanuts are?
Answer:
legumes
Explanation:
After darwin completed his voyage on the hms beagle, what did he do before publishing his origin of species? a. nothing, he published it right away. b. he studied at cambridge university. c. he published a different book on the evolution of man. d. he collected evidence for his theory for 8 years.
He collected evidence for his theory for 8 years.
What theory did Darwin put forward after his voyage in HMS beagle?From 1831 to 1836, Charles Darwin traveled the world in the HMS Beagle as a naturalist. His findings and experiences aided him in formulating the theory of evolution by natural selection.
Darwin was fortunate to travel to the Galapagos Islands on the Beagle, where he saw a variety of creatures and birds that had developed in a solitary setting. His discoveries inspired him to develop his well-known natural selection theory. Darwin's hypothesis states that differences within species happen at random and that an organism's capacity to adapt to its environment determines whether it will survive or become extinct.
Important observations regarding the geology of the islands and coasts that Darwin visited are also noteworthy. He put forth a notion regarding how atolls are formed. Small islands made of coral reefs called atolls surround lagoons. Most of them may be found in the Pacific. Bikini Atoll, which is northwest of Hawaii, is one example.
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Crossing over is the only mechanism that creates genetic variation by creating hybrid chromosomes with new combinations of alleles.
a) true
b) false
This is True that Crossing over is the only mechanism that creates genetic variation by creating hybrid chromosomes with new combinations of alleles.
The term "crossing over" describes the DNA exchange that takes place between paired homologous chromosomes (one from each parent) during the formation of egg and sperm cells (meiosis).
To boost genetic variation, chromosomes that are similar to one another cross across. A piece of one chromosome is swapped for another during crossing over. A hybrid chromosome with a distinctive genetic material pattern is the end outcome.
During the development of gametes, crossing over aids in the random distribution of genetic material. As a result, gametes are created that are genetically unique from the parents and siblings of those gametes.
However, by randomly arranging chromosomes through independent assortment and fertilization, genetic variation is produced.
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The half-life of carbon-14 is 5600 years. If a piece of charcoal made from the wood of a tree shows only % of the carbon-14 expected in living matter, when did the tree die?.
The tree will die after 3480 years
Given: half-life of carbon-14 = 5600 years
percentage of carbon = 65%
To Find: when did the tree die
Solution:
T = half-life = 5600 years
I suppose you want the age of the charcoal in years.If 65% of the carbon 14 remains, then the amount left is 0.65 times the initial amount A0.
0.65A0 = A0(1/2)^t/T
0.65 = (0.5)^t/5600
ln(0.65) = (t/5600) ln(0.5)
t = 5600 ln(0.65) / ln(0.5) ≅ 3480 years
So, the tree will die after 3480 years
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8. What is one of the functions of the integumentary system, which includes skin and hair?
A. Provide important minerals to the body
B. Prevent passive transport
C. Regulate body temperature
D. Fight infection
Regulate body temperature is one of the functions of the integumentary system.
What is the functions of the integumentary system?The main function of the integumentary system is that it serve as a barrier between the internal body and outside environment such as bacteria, pollution, and Ultra Violet rays from the sun. It also helps maintain body fluids, remove waste products, and regulate our body temperature which leads to homeostasis or equilibrium state in our body.
So we can conclude that regulate body temperature is one of the functions of the integumentary system.
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When a portion of a chromosome breaks off and attaches to a different chromosome, this is called a:__________
When a portion of a chromosome breaks off and attaches to a different chromosome, this is called a translocation.
In terms of genetics, a translocation happens when a chromosome fragments and re-associates with another chromosome, usually two of them.
For the identification of several genetic diseases and syndromes, the detection of chromosomal translocations can be crucial.
A type of genetic alteration when a segment of one chromosome separates and joins another.
Chromosomes from different species can occasionally swap portions with one another.
Medical conditions like leukemia, breast cancer, schizophrenia, muscular dystrophy, and Down syndrome can all be brought on by translocations.
Hence, when a portion of a chromosome breaks off and attaches to a different chromosome, this is called a translocation.
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Respectively, what substances in dark greens and grains are tightly bound to iron and limit its absorption into the body?
Answer:
oxlic acid
Explanation:
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