What are the spectator ions in the reaction between aqueous zncl2 and aqueous na2co3?(choose all that apply)

A polar molecule is a water. As a result, polar solutes such as ionic compounds and polar molecular compounds will dissolve in them.

Types of dissolved substances that may be present in water​:

Ionic chemicals and polar molecular compounds, for example, will dissolve in water since it is a polar molecules.

When it comes to organic compounds, water will dissolve any that have a carbon to oxygen atom ratio of less than or equal to 5.

[tex]$\frac{C}{O} \leq 5$[/tex]

Because of this, vitamin A is not water-soluble. Vitamin C is soluble, though.

A polar molecule is a water. As a result, polar solutes such as ionic compounds and polar molecular compounds will dissolve in them.

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Answer:

15.94 g

Explanation:

80 mins is 4 half lives ( 20 min each)

255 * 1/2 * 1/2 * 1/2 * 1/2   = 255 * 1/2^4 = 15.94 g

It should be noticed that the mole fraction of all the system's components is 1.

the proportion between the moles of one component in a solution or other combination and the total moles of all the components.

In a mixture, a mole fraction is the ratio of molecules of one component. By way of illustration, if the mole fraction of methane in a gas is 0.90, then this implies that 90% of the molecules are methane. Since the amount fractions resemble mole fractions, methane makes up an additional 90% of the mixture.

By dividing the solute's moles by all the other molecules in solution, you may determine the solute's mole fraction.

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The given bond is polar covalent bond.

Polar covalent bonds are covalent bonds in which the electrons are shared unequally. Nonpolar covalent bonds are covalent bonds with an equal distribution of electrons. Chemists utilise electronegativity, a relative measurement of how strongly an atom attracts electrons as it forms a covalent connection, to assess the relative polarity of a covalent bond.

Polarity characterises io3-. If a molecule's dipole moment is greater than 0, it is considered to be polar. The three I-O bonds in this combination are polar due to the difference in electronegativity between the I and O atoms. The three I-O bond moments point toward I atom because I is more electronegative than O atom.

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The pH at 25°c of a 0. 0077 m solution of a weak base with a kb of 6. 2 × 10−9 is 8.8.

The base dissociation constant is termed as Kb. Throughout a base split into ts constituent ions in water is determined by its base dissociation constant.

Kb = [B+] [OH-]/[BOH]

Now, let the concentration of [B+] = [OH-] = x

Given,

Kb = 6. 2 × 10^-9

6. 2 × 10^-9 = x^2/(0.0077-x)

x = 6.909 × 10^(-6)

[B+] = [OH-] = 6.909 × 10^(-6)

As we know that,

pOH = -log [OH-]

pOH = -log( 6.909 × 10^(-6))

pOH = 5.2

As we also know that,

pOH + pH = 14

pH = 14 - pOH

pH = 14 - 5.2

pH = 8.8

Thus we calculated that the pH of the solution is 8.8.

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Answer:

.24 mol / liters

Explanation:

38. 2 ml = .0382 liters

.0382 liters times ( 0. 163 m KOH/1 liter) times ( 1 mol H2SO4/  1 mol koh) =

.006/.025 liters = .24 mol / liters

chegg

Fe is the limiting reactant.

The balanced chemical equation between iron and oxygen to produce iron (III) oxide is

4Fe(s) + 302(g) - ---> 2Fe2O3(s)

Mass of Fe = 227.8 g

Moles of Fe = 227.8gFe*Imol Fe/55.85g Fe = 4.079mol Fe

Mass of oxygen = 128 g

Moles of O2 = 128g02 * 1molo/32g02 = 4molO2

Calculating the limiting reactant: The reactant that produces the least amount of product will be the limiting reactant.

Mass of iron (III) oxide produced from Iron = 4.079mol Fe*2molFe2O3/4molFe*159.69g Fe2O3/1 mol Fe2O3 = 325.7gFe2O3

Mass of iron (III) oxide produced from oxygen = 4molO2 *2mol Fe2O3/3molO2*159.69gFe2O3/1mol Fe2O3 = 425.84gFe2O3

Iron (Fe) produces the least amount of the product iron (III) oxide. So, Fe is the limiting reactant.

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Considering the definition of atomic mass, isotopes and atomic mass of an element, the % composition of each isotope is:

First of all, the atomic mass (A) is obtained by adding the number of protons and neutrons in a given nucleus of a chemical element.

The same chemical element can be made up of different atoms, that is, their atomic numbers are the same, but the number of neutrons is different. These atoms are called isotopes of the element.

On the other hand, the atomic mass of an element is the weighted average mass of its natural isotopes. In other words, the atomic masses of chemical elements are usually calculated as the weighted average of the masses of the different isotopes of each element, taking into account the relative abundance of each of them.

In this case, the first isotope Gallium - 69 has an atomic mass of 69 and a percent natural abundance of X%. The second isotope Gallium - 71 has an atomic mass of 71 and a percent natural abundance of (100-X)%.

On the other hand, the Relative Atomic Mass of Gallium is 69.8 .

Then, the value of X can be calculated as:

69× X+ 71× (1-X)= 69.8

Solving

69× X+ 71× 1- 71× X= 69.8

69× X+ 71- 71× X= 69.8

69× X- 71× X= 69.8 - 71

- 2× X= -1.2

X= (-1.2)÷ (-2)

X=0.6 which expressed as a percentage is X%= 60%.

So, the % compositon of Gallium - 71 is calculated as (100-X)%=(100 -60)%= 40%

Finally, the % composition of each isotope is:

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Molality of ethylene glycol, C₂H₄(OH)₂, in a solution prepared from 2. 331×10³ g of ethylene glycol and 2.00×10³ g of water, H₂O is 47.6m

Ethylene Glycol is known as C₂H₄(OH)₂. It is added in water to prepare an Antifreeze solution.

Given,  

Mass of Ethylene Glycol = 2.331 × 10³ g = 2.331kg

Mass of Water = 2.00 × 10³ g

Since, Ethylene Glycol is in excess. Hence, it acts as a solvent and water acts as a solute.

We know, Molar Mass of Water = 18g

Hence, Moles of  Water = Given mass of water / Molar Mass of Water

⇒             Moles of  Water = 2000 / 18

⇒            Moles of  Water = 111.1

Molality is defined as the moles of solute present in a given solvent in kg.

∴ Molality = Moles of  Solute / Mass of Solvent (in kg)

Molality = Moles of  Water / Mass of Ethylene Glycol

⇒ Molality = 111.1 / 2.331

⇒ Molality = 47.6m

Molality of ethylene glycol, C₂H₄(OH)₂, in a solution prepared from 2. 331×10³ g of ethylene glycol and 2.00×10³ g of water, H₂O is 47.6m

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Answer:

Hypernantremia due to excess water loss

A rare disorder that causes the body to make too much urine

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-Levi

Hypernatremia due to excess water loss is a diabetes insipidus. Hence option A is correct.

Hypernatremia is defined as an increase in serum sodium levels to a level greater than 145 mmol/L. Water leaks from the tissues into the bloodstream as a result of hypernatremia, which can induce cell shrinkage. Additionally, it affects the hormone levels that regulate salt levels, leading to an increase in thirst and more concentrated urine production.

Diabetes insipidus is defined as a rare illness that makes you almost insatiably thirsty and produces copious amounts of urine. A brain tumor that affects the hypothalamus or pituitary gland is one of the three most frequent causes of cranial diabetes insipidus. a severe head injury that damages the pituitary or hypothalamus. complications resulting from pituitary or brain surgery.

Thus, Hypernatremia due to excess water loss is a diabetes insipidus. Hence option A is correct.

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The correct answer is  C8H8O2.

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Mass of copper would be=92.46 g

I = Current = 19.5 A

t = 4 hours =4×60×60=14400 s

F = Faraday constant = 96485.33 C/mol

Molar mass of copper = 63.546 g/mol

A charge is given by

Q=19.5×14400=280880 C

Moles of electrons are given by Q/F=280880/96485.33=2.91 mol

Moles of copper is=1/2×2.91=1.455 mol

Mass of copper would be=1.455×63.546=92.46 g

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The mass of Copper electroplated is 68.76 g

The process of plating a metal onto another is known as electroplating.

It is often used to prevent corrosion of metal or for the decorative purposes

In this process, electric current is passed through an aqueous solution containing dissolved cations.

The dissolved cations are reduced developing a thin metal coating on the electrode.

At cathode,

[tex]Cu^{2+}(aq) + 2e^-\rightarrow Cu(s)[/tex]

Current, I = 14.5 A

Time, t = 4 hrs = 4×60×60 = 14400 sec

Charge, q = It = 14.5×14400= 208800 C

Copper metal deposited by 2×96487 C = 63.55 g

Copper metal deposited by 208800 C = [tex]\frac{63.55 \times208800}{2\times96487}[/tex]

                                                         = 68.76g

Hence, The mass of Copper electroplated is 68.76 g

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Answer:

112 L

Explanation:

Since the pressure is being held constant, you can use the following variation of the Ideal Gas Law to find the new volume:

[tex]\frac{V_1}{T_1N_1}=\frac{V_2}{T_2N_2}[/tex]

In this equation, "V₁", "T₁", and "N₁" represent the initial volume, temperature, and moles. "V₂", "T₂", and "N₂" represent the final volume, temperature, and moles.

V₁ = 87.2 L                             V₂ = ? L

T₁ = 425 K                              T₂ = 273 K

N₁ = 2.5 moles                       N₂ = 2.5 + 2.5 = 5.0 moles

[tex]\frac{V_1}{T_1N_1}=\frac{V_2}{T_2N_2}[/tex]                                                   <----- Formula

[tex]\frac{87.2 L}{(425K)(2.5 moles)}=\frac{V_2}{(273 K)(5.0 moles)}[/tex]                    <----- Insert values

[tex]\frac{87.2 L}{1062.5}=\frac{V_2}{1365}[/tex]                                                    <----- Simplify denominators

[tex]0.08207=\frac{V_2}{1365}[/tex]                                                 <----- Simplify left side

[tex]112L={V_2}[/tex]                                                        <----- Multiply both sides by 1365

The number of π molecular orbitals in a molecule is always equal to the number of p orbitals used to construct the π bonds.

An electron's position and wave-like behavior within a molecule are described by a mathematical function called a molecular orbital. Chemical, as well as physical properties like the probability of locating an electron in a particular area, can be determined using this function.

A molecular orbital would be created when two atomic orbitals cross one other along the internuclear axis. A molecular orbital is created when two atomic orbitals cross each other sideways.

Therefore, the number of π molecular orbitals in a molecule is always equal to the number of p orbitals used to construct the π bonds.

Hence, the correct answer will be option (a).

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The reaction shown here is an exothermic reaction.

An exothermic reaction is one in which the energy of the reactants is greater than the energy of the products. This implies that energy is given out in the process. Whether a reaction is endothermic or exothermic shows in the nature of the reaction profile curve.

For an endothermic reaction, the part of the diagram that represents the energy of the products is higher than the part that represents the energy of the reactants. This is clear from the image attached here.

If we look at the reaction graph very well, we will observe that the energy of the reactants is far above that of the products. Thus it follows that the reaction shown here is an exothermic reaction.

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To prevent the system refrigerant from quickly dropping in temperature and pressure, refrigerant recovery should Begin with a liquid

In the refrigeration cycle of air conditioners and heat pumps, refrigerants are working fluids that typically go through numerous phase changes from a liquid to a gas and back again.

In the refrigeration cycle, which cools a place, a refrigerant is a material, frequently a fluid. Refrigerants use the thermodynamic phenomenon of phase transitions, in which a fluid transforms into a gas or vice versa, to absorb heat and then release it to another area.

At room temperature, it is often a gas. Ammonia, sulfur dioxide, and non-halogenated hydrocarbons like propane are further typical refrigerants that are employed in a variety of applications.

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The original molarity of an aqueous solution of ammonia whose pH is 11. 02 at 25°C is 0.556 M

Calculation ,

Given : pH = 11.5

[tex][H^{+} ][/tex] = [tex]10^{-11.5}[/tex]

[tex][OH^{-} ][/tex] = [tex]K_{w} /[H^{+} ][/tex] = [tex]10^{-14}[/tex]/  [tex]10^{-11.5}[/tex] = [tex]10^{-2.5}[/tex] M

Kb = [tex][NH_{4}^{+} ][OH^{-} ]/[NH_{4} OH][/tex] = [tex](10^{-2.5})^{2} /C[/tex] = 1.8×[tex]10^{-5}[/tex] M

C = 1/1.8 = 0.566 M

So, molarity of an aqueous solution of ammonia is 0.566 M

pH ia a measure of hydrogen ion concentration , a measure of acidity or alkalinity of the solution .pH scale usually range from 0 to 14 Aqueous solutions at 25°C witha pH less rhan 7 are acidic  , whereas , those with pH greater than 7 are basic or alkaline. pOH ia a measure of hydroxide ion concentration , a measure of  alkalinity of the solution .

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the bond will break

The bond will dissolve (break) if the electron absorbs a photon and is moved from a bonding molecular orbital to an antibonding orbital since there is no longer an overall stabilizing interaction.

An antibonding molecular orbital is the molecular orbital created by the destructive overlapping of atomic orbitals.

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The pH at 25°c of a 0. 11 m solution of a weak acid that has ka = 9. 2 × 10−6 is 3.

The base dissociation constant is termed as Kb. Throughout a base split into ts constituent ions in water is determined by its base dissociation constant.

Kb = [H+] [A-]/[HA]

Now, let the concentration of [H+] = [A-] = x

Given,

Ka = 9.2 × 10−6.

Firstly we will calculate the value of the concentration of [H+]

pKa = x^2/(0.11-x)

9.2 × 10−6 = x^2/(0.11-x)

x^2 = 1.012 × 10−6

x = 1.002 × 10^−3.

The concentration of [H+] = [A-] = 1.002 × 10^−3.

Now, we will find pH as

pH = -log[H+]

pH = -log(1.002 × 10^−3)

pH = 3

Thus we calculated that the pH of the solution is 3.

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Cyclic bromonium ion is the reactive intermediate that is formed in the reaction of an alkene with br2 and water. the correct answer is option(d).

A reactive intermediate is a highly reactive, high-energy, brief-lived molecule that, when produced in a chemical reaction, will swiftly transform into a stable molecule. They may occasionally be divided and stored. For instance, low temperatures and Matrix Isolation. Carbocations, carbanions, free radicals, carbenes, nitrenes, and benzyne are six different categories of reaction intermediates. These intermediaries are frequently produced when a chemical substance is chemically broken down.

Reactive intermediates can be used to explain the process of a chemical reaction. Reactive intermediates are high-energy, stable products that are present only in one of the intermediate phases of most chemical reactions, which typically involve more than one elementary step.

The complete question is:

What type of reactive intermediate is formed in the reaction of an alkene with Br2 and water to give a bromohydrin?

a.carbocation

b.carbanion

c.radical

d.cyclic bromonium ion

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Increasing the surface area of the reactant by pelletizing the calcium carbonate, and increasing the concentration of hydrochloric acid resulted in increase in the rate of reaction.

Reaction rate refers to the rate at which reactant molecules are consumed or the rate at which product molecules are formed.

The factors that affect reaction rate include:

Given an experiment to determine effect of surface area of reactants  and concentration on reaction rate of dilute hydrochloric acid and calcium carbonate:

It was observed that increasing the surface area of the reactant by pelletizing the calcium carbonate and increasing the concentration of hydrochloric acid made the reaction proceed faster.

In conclusion, reaction rate increases with increase in surface area.

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20 g of [tex]FeSO_4[/tex] contains [tex]7.94 \times 10^{22}[/tex] ions of [tex]Fe^2^+[/tex]

A mole is a unit to measure an amount of any substance which contains as many elementary particles as there in 12 g of Carbon 12.

A mole contains  [tex]6.02214 \times 10^{23}[/tex] particles and this fixed number is called Avogadro’s number.

No. of moles is given by,

[tex]n =\frac{m}{M}[/tex]

where m = Given mass in grams

M = Molar mass

Here,

[tex]FeSO_4 \rightarrow Fe^2^+ + SO_4^2^-[/tex]

No. of moles of  [tex]FeSO_4[/tex]  = [tex]\frac{20g}{151.9gmol^-^1}[/tex] = 0.132 moles

No. of molecules of  [tex]FeSO_4[/tex] = 0.132 x 6.022 x [tex]10^2^3[/tex] = 7.94 x [tex]10^2^2[/tex]

No. of molecules of  [tex]FeSO_4[/tex] = no. of ions of [tex]Fe^2^+[/tex] = no of ions of [tex]SO_4^2^-[/tex]

Thus, no. of ions  [tex]Fe^2^+[/tex] in 20 g of  [tex]FeSO_4[/tex]  is 7.94 x [tex]10^2^2[/tex]

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The molarity of the diluted solution is 4.16 M

Given:

volume of water = 45ml

volume of k2so4 = 250ml

Molarity of k2so4 = 0.75 M

To Find:

molarity of the diluted solution

Solution: Molarity (M) is the amount of a substance in a certain volume of solution. Molarity is defined as the moles of a solute per liters of a solution. Molarity is also known as the molar concentration of a solution

M1V1 = M2V2

45*M1 = 250*0.75

M1 = 250*0.75/45

M1 = 4.16 M

So, Molarity of given solution is 4.16 M

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In state n = 1, the energy of the hydrogen atom is -13. 58 ev, then the energy in state n = 2 is -3.40eV.

For an electron located in an inner orbit to jump an upper orbit, it needs an energy equal to the difference between the two quantized orbits. This energy comes from the absorption of a photon with the same energy required. The formula for the energy levels of a Hydrogen atom is:

En = E/(n×n)

where E is the energy of the ground state and n is the energy level or state. Then the energy in n= 1 is

En = -13. 58/ 4

En = -3. 40eV

Thus, we find the value of energy of hydrogen atom in n=2 is -3. 40eV.

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Nh4cl is sometimes preferred instead of hcl or h2so4 for "acid" work-up after grignard reactions, particularly when the expected and desired product is a tertiary alcohol because NH4+ is a much milder acid than HCl or H2SO4, which achieve the protonation of

the oxyanion to yield the alcohol while minimizing the risk of dehydration.

Ammonium chloride (NH4Cl) is the used as reagent that quenches the magnesium alkoxide product of the Grignard addition.

It is a proton source without being acidic as in acidic medium the protonation of the tertiary alcohol product and elimination to the alkene.

In the presence of HCl or any other strong acid protonation proceed and form alkene but not with ammonium chloride.

Thus from above we concluded that Nh4cl is preferred instead of hcl or h2so4 for "acid" work-up after grignard reactions.

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The temperature at which a liquid's vapor pressure equals the pressure of the gas above it is known as the boiling point of the liquid. The temperature at which a liquid's vapor pressure equals one atmosphere is considered the liquid's typical boiling point (760).

When the vapor pressure of a liquid equals the pressure of the gas above it, the liquid boils. The temperature at which a liquid will boil decreases with decreasing gas pressure above the liquid.

The Macro Perspective.A liquid's vapor pressure rises as it warms until it reaches the same level as the gas above it. Within the bulk liquid, vaporize liquid (i.e., gas) bubbles form, rise to the surface, burst, and release the gas. (A bubble's internal vapor pressure is sufficient to prevent the bubble from collapsing at boiling temperature.)The liquid's molecules must overcome their forces of attraction in order to create vapor.

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The weight of the 3 lb roast purchased by the housewife is 1,360.78 grams.

The weight of an object is the force acting on the object due to gravity.

The weight of an object varies from place to place across the globe due to difference in acceleration due to gravity.

1 lb ------------> 453.592 grams

3 lb ------------> ?

= (3 x 453.592)

= 1,360.78 grams

Thus, the weight of the 3 lb roast purchased by the housewife is 1,360.78 grams.

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4.8 × 10^9 M  is the concentration of n2 gas at equilibrium when the concentration of no2 is twice the concentration of o2 gas.

In some gas-producing fields, such as those in the US Midwest, North Sea, Eastern Europe, and South East Asia, nitrogen (N2) may naturally present in significant concentrations. Around 15% of the world's non-associated gas deposits have nitrogen content levels that are too high to be considered pipeline-quality gas (usually 3–4 mol%). Because it is an inert gas, nitrogen cannot support burning. Consequently, unstable combustion could result from burning a gas that contains too much nitrogen. The recovery of NGL content will be lowered when high nitrogen gas is treated in a gas plant because nitrogen acts as stripping gas. The compression technology and size of the transmission pipeline will rise with increased nitrogen concentration. High nitrogen levels are undesirable in an LNG plant because they lower the LNG temperature, which increases the energy required to liquefy natural gas and also increases the amount of boil-off gas from the LNG storage tanks.

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The density of rock weighing 1.705 kg is 3.213 gm/ml.

Explanation:

Given;

Volume of rock = 334.5 ml

Weight of rock = 1.075 kg = 1075 gm

By the formula,

Density = Weight in gm/Volume in ml

              = 1075/334.5 gm/ml = 3.2137 gm/ml

Therefore, density of rock is 3.213 gm/ml.

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Two months later 13.8 milligrams of the barium-131 still be radioactive.

It is expressed as:

[tex]A = A_{0} \times (\frac{1}{2})^{t/T}[/tex]

where,

A = Amount remaining

A₀ = Initial Amount

t = time

T = Half life

Here

A₀ = 0.50g

t  = 2 months = 60 days

T = 11.6 days  

Now put the values in above expression we get

[tex]A = A_{0} \times (\frac{1}{2})^{t/T}[/tex]

   [tex]= 0.50 \times (\frac{1}{2})^{60/11.6}[/tex]

   [tex]= 0.50 \times (\frac{1}{2})^{5.17}[/tex]

   = 0.50 × 0.0277

   = 0.0138 g

   = 13.8 mg          [1 mg = 1000 g]

Thus from the above conclusion we can say that Two months later 13.8 milligrams of the barium-131 still be radioactive.

Disclaimer: The question was given incomplete on the portal. Here is the complete question.

Question: Suppose that 0.50 grams of ban that 0.50 grams of barium-131 are administered orally to a patient. Approximately many milligrams of the barium would still be radioactive two months later? The half-life of barium-131 is 11.6 days.

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