The ratios aren't matching, how do I find correct ratios?

Answer:

Thiols contain stronger acids than alcohols

Explanation:

Answer:

Sulfur is a bigger atom than oxygen and has a lower electgronegativity value. Therefore, the lone pair availability in thiol is higher than alcohol

Explanation:

Answer:

pH of  4

Explanation:

Upon comparing a solution with a pH value of 4 and that having a pH of 7, you will realize that it has a pH difference of 3 although the concentration of ions of hydrogen having a pH of 7 is 1000 times greater than being at a pH of 4.

Organometallic Chemical reaction is a Grignard reaction. The critical intermediate (which can be isolated and enables the final product) is the formation of a carbon bond.

The Grignard Reaction is an organometallic chemical reaction that mostly produces C-C bonds. When organic molecules are combined with the Grignard reagent, the Grignard reaction occurs (Rmgx).

The Grignard Reaction is the conversion of an aldehyde or ketone into secondary or tertiary alcohol by the addition of an organomagnesium halide (Grignard reagent). A primary alcohol is produced when formaldehyde and oxygen react.

Alcohol and water molecules have acidic hydrogen atoms that Grignard reagents quickly react with. A proton substitutes the halogen in a Grignard reaction with water, producing an alkane as the end result. Therefore, the Grignard reagent offers a two-step process for changing a haloalkane into an alkane.

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When an atom of the element lithium (Li) transfers an electron to an atom of the element fluorine (F), then the bond results between the atoms is ionic bond.

A chemical bond is defined as the bond which holds atoms together in molecules.

Bonds arise due to the electrostatic forces present between positively charged atomic nuclei and negatively charged electrons.

Ionic bond is defined as the transfer of electron from one atom to another atom.

Since, electron transfer from lithium to fluroine. Thus lithium get positive charge and fluorine occupy negative charge.

Thus, the bond form between lithium atom and fluorine atom is ionic bond.

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Carbon dioxide released by automobiles is an example of a(n) non-point source of pollution.

Nonpoint source pollution is typically caused by hydrologic alteration, drainage, seepage, precipitation, especially land runoff. Contrary to pollution from industries and sewage treatment facilities, nonpoint source (NPS) pollution originates from a variety of diffuse sources.

Point-source pollution can be defined as pollution coming from a single, distinguishable source, such as a factory and sewage plant output pipe. Nonpoint-source pollution would be pollution that doesn't come from a single source or point.

Therefore, Carbon dioxide released by automobiles is an example of a(n) non-point source of pollution.

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Semiconductors show the property of both the conductor and insulator. They are more effective than metals as their valence electron can free flow by the sun's energy. Thus, option B is correct.

Semiconductors are substances and materials that exhibit intermediate properties of conductors and insulators. They are solid materials that can conduct electrical charges due to the added impurity or change in temperature.

They have a valence electron in their outer shell that can absorb the energy from the sun to get excited. This leads to the flow of the charge in the semiconducting substance more easily.

Therefore, option B. the semiconductors can absorb the extra energy is correct.

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Your question is incomplete, but most probably your full question was, Semiconductors are more effective than metals as converters of solar radiation into electricity because

A. it is easier for the atoms of a semiconductor to absorb solar energy and to move from place to place within the solid, thereby conducting electricity.

B. the energy contained in sunlight gives the valence electrons in the semiconductor atoms the extra energy they need to "flow" throughout the solid.

C. metals melt much too easily under direct sunlight and, as liquids, lose their ability to conduct electricity.

D. solar radiation has sufficient energy to knock electrons completely off the metal surface, making it impossible for the electrons to "flow" from atom to atom and conduct electricity.

The OH peaks in the IR spectra of benzyl alcohol and benzoic acid should be compared and contrasted.

The percent transmittance (or absorbance) of the radiation through the molecule against the radiation's wave number forms the IR spectrum.

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It is important to contrast and compare the OH peaks in the IR spectra of benzyl alcohol and benzoic acid.

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The significant figures will be 1.

As, weight of acetylsalicylic acid = 0. 4 g

We obtain 400 mg when we convert 0.4g of acetylsalicylic acid to mg.

So, 400 milligrams are worth 0.4 grams when converted to grams.

There is just one significant figure because 0 before a decimal is not significant i.e. 4.

The digits of a number that have relevance in relation to the measurement's resolution are known as significant figures. Additionally known as significant figures in chemistry. All experimental measurements are subject to some degree of uncertainity.

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Answer:

A.) Brønsted-Lowry bases

Explanation:

Amines have a lone pair of electrons.

Brønsted-Lowry bases donate a lone pair of electrons in exchange for a hydrogen ion.

Therefore, if exposed to an acid, amines will give up electrons in order to bond with a hydrogen. This makes them Brønsted-Lowry bases.

Answer:

1363.2 kilocalories

Explanation:

Heat up the ice ==> melt the ice to water ==> heat the water ==> vaporize the water to steam ==> heat the stem 52 degrees to 152

1.81 kg * (spec heat of ice * 19  +* heat of fusion of water + specific heat of water *100 +  heat of vaporization of water + specific heat of steam* 52)

1810 g  * ( .50 cal/g -C * 19 C    +  79.7 cal / g   +  1 cal/g-C  *100C   +  539 cal/g + .48 cal/g * 52 C ) = 1 363 219.6 calories

(check my math)

When mixture of H2PO4- and OH- is allowed to react. The products of the reaction are as follow

H2PO4+ OH--------HPO4(2-)+H2O

In the reaction above H2PO4(2-) is donating the proton to OH Resulting in H2O and the deprotonated species. This makes it a bronsted lowry acid.

According to Bronsted lowry, acid are those which donate proton.

In the given problem, H2PO4- is bronsted lowry acid. So it donate electron to OH- to form water.

Thus, the product formed in the given reaction is water and H2PO4(2-).

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The percentage yield of the  new production technique is 82.8%

Production is the procedure by which finished products are obtained form the raw materials. The production process involves the passing of raw materials through a certain procedure that involves the use of certain machines and equipment to give us the required products.

We are told in the question that there are three shifts;

Shift 1 produces 4562 grams

Shift 2 produces 5783 grams

Shift 3 produces 5247 grams

Average production from the three shifts = 4562 grams + 5783 grams +  5247 grams/3 = 5197 grams

The theoretical average yield is =  7000 grams + 7000 grams + 7000 grams/3 = 7000 grams

Now the percentage yield = actual yield/ theoretical yield * 100/1

percentage yield = 5197 grams/7000 grams * 100/1

percentage yield = 82.8%

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As the temperature increases, the speed of gas molecules increases

The kinetic theory state about the relationship between the speed and temperature of gas molecules as with an increase in temperature, the speed of gas molecules increases.

The energy that an object possesses as a result of its motion is known as kinetic energy.

The average of the kinetic energies of all the particles in a system is known as the average kinetic energy.

The following equation provides the answer:

K = [tex]\frac{3RT}{2}[/tex]

K= kinetic energy

R= gas constant

T= temperature

The kinetic theory of matter states that all matter is made of small particles that are in random motion and that have space between them.

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The properties of all metals are "good conductors of heat and electricity".

Metals are excellent heat or electricity conductors and were malleable, ductile materials that may be pulled into wire and pounded into sheets. Apart from mercury, which appears a liquid at ambient temperature, most metals have solids with a distinctive silvery shine.

Due to the metals' atoms' ability to create a matrix across which outside electrons could easily travel, metals make good electrical and thermal conductors. The positive nuclei of the connecting metal ions are surrounded by a sea of electrons rather than orbiting their individual atoms.

Therefore, the properties of all metals are "good conductors of heat and electricity".

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Percent ionization = 3.17%

We utilize the supplied acid equilibrium constant (Ka) to calculate the percentage of the acid that is ionized. It is the ratio of the acid and dissociated ion equilibrium concentrations. The HF acid would dissociate in the manner described below:

HF = H+ + F-

The following is how the acid equilibrium constant might be written:

Ka = [H+][F-] / [HF] = 3.5 x 10-4

We utilize the ICE table to determine the equilibrium concentrations.

        HF             H+              F-

I      0.337           0                 0

C      -x              +x               +x

---------------------------------------------

E    0.337-x        x                   x

3.5 x 10-4 = [H+][F-] / [HF]

3.5 x 10-4 = [x][x] / [0.337-x]

Solving for x,

x = 0.01069 = [H+] = [F-]

percent ionization = 0.01069 / 0.337 x 100  = 3.17%

percent ionization = 3.17%

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The equilibrium constant for the un-catalyzed reaction is 0.9

The enzyme triose phosphate isomerase catalyzes the reaction in the forward direction as part of the glycolytic pathway. It follows simple Michaelis-Menten kinetics.

Typical cellular concentrations:

triose phosphate isomerase = 0.1 nM

dihydroxyacetone phosphate = 5 µM

glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate = 2 µM

So, equillibrium constant is

K = [tex]\frac{[P]}{[S]}[/tex]

K = [tex]\frac{ glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate}{dihydroxyacetone phosphate}[/tex]

Therefore, The equilibrium constant for the un-catalyzed reaction is 0.9

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The equilibrium constant, Keq for the reaction, given the data from the question is 0.084

The equilibrium constant, Keq for a reaction is the ratio of the concentration of the products raised to their coefficients to the ratio of the concentration of the reactants raised to their coefficients. For example, the equilibrium constant for the reaction nA + mB <=> eC can be obtained as follow

Keq = [C]^e / [A]^n × [B]^m

The equilibrium constant, Keq for the above reaction can be obtained as illustrated below:

Keq = [SO₂]^2 × [O₂] / [SO₃]^2

Keq = (0.17)^2 × (0.701) / (0.491)^2

Keq = 0.084

Thus, the equilibrium constant, Keq for the reaction is 0.084

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Water contributes to the fitness of the environment to support life by acting as a Solvent for molecules to interact Moderate Earth's climate.

Water contributes to the fitness of the environment to support life in several ways :

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Answer:

7,9,11

Explanation:

this is because water includes 0H, which would mean that it is more than 6

Concentration difficulties can be caused by medical, cognitive, or psychological problems or may be related to sleep disorders or medications, Psychological conditions

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Answer:

2-methylpropanoic acid

Explanation:

no probs chief

1. The first step is to convert your given masses into moles. This way, you can see which reactant is in excess and which one is limiting. A good flow of thought would be: kilograms of SiO2/Carbon→ grams SiO2/Carbon→moles SiO2/Carbon.

2. Repeat this step for the carbon reactant.

3. By comparison, we can tell that the carbon reactant is in excess, which means that the SiO2 reactant is limiting. Because of this, we’ll use the amount of SiO2 to find our percent yield. There’s only so much SiO2 that can react with the carbon.

4. You can now calculate the actual and theoretical yields. The theoretical yield is larger than the actual yield because it does not have physical interactions like loss of energy to the environment and friction to interfere with the reaction.

5. Now compare your two values of actual and theoretical. The formula for percent mass is [(Actual yield)/(Theoretical yield)]*100%. Our final answer for this question is the percent yield of the reaction is 90.8% We can interpret this as 90.8% of the SiO2 reacting will produce solid silicon.

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1-octanal → 1-octanol is an oxidation reaction.

Oxidation

The removal of hydrogen or any other electropositive element, or the addition of oxygen, is said to be the process of oxidation in classical or earlier concepts. The process of an atom or ion losing one or more electrons is known as oxidation, according to the electronic notion.

An oxidizing agent is something that causes oxidation. O2, S, Cl2, Br2, and H2O2 are oxidizing agents in the instances above. Oxidation has an easy source. When an atom, molecule, or even an ion comes into contact with oxygen, oxidation results. When this occurs, it changes to achieve a more stable structure in its electron shells and transfers electrons as a result.

Any chemical process, including oxidation, is primarily brought on by atoms attempting to obtain valence shells with a complete complement of electrons. The stability of the species is increased by this optimum configuration.

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When an allergen binds with IgE antibodies on mast cells, resulting in release of chemical mediators, this reaction is called Type I reactions.

The Type I reactions is also known as immediate hypersensitivity reaction.

This reaction involve immunoglobulin E ( IgE ) - mediated release of histamine and other mediators from mast cells and basophils .

Examples : anaphylaxis and allergic rhinoconjunctivitis.

The IgE molecules bind to high - affinity receptors on the surface of mast cells and basophils and the subsequently cross-linking of these molecules with the allergen releases performed and newly synthesized mediators.

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The volume occupied by 3.66 x [tex]10^{23}[/tex] atoms of lithium is 7.73 [tex]cm^3[/tex]

The density of a substance is defined as the mass of the substance per unit volume. It is often denoted by the symbol ρ

The density of a substance is given by,

[tex]\rho = \frac{m}{V}[/tex]

The mass of a substance is the measure of the amount of matter present in it. It is generally measured in grams (g) or kilograms (kg).

The volume of a substance is defined as the amount of 3D space occupied by it.

It is a concept which uses mole as a unit to measure the number of atoms, molecules or ions.

A mole is defined as the amount of substance which has the same number of elementary particles as there are atoms in 12 grams of [tex]\ce{^{12}C}[/tex]

1 mole = Avogadro's number = 6.022 x [tex]10^{23\\[/tex] atoms

Molar Mass of Lithium = 6.94 g/mol

1 mole of Lithium has 6.022 x [tex]10^{23}[/tex] atoms

3.66 x [tex]10^{23}[/tex] atoms of lithium has molar mass = [tex]\frac{6.94 g}{6.022\times10^{23} } \times 3.66 \times 10^{23}[/tex]

[tex]m = 4.218 g[/tex]

Substitute in density formula,

[tex]\rho = \frac{m}{V}[/tex]

[tex]V = \frac{m}{\rho}[/tex]

[tex]=\frac{4.218g}{0.546g/cm^3}[/tex]

= 7.73 [tex]cm^3\\[/tex]

Therefore, 3.66 x [tex]10^{23}[/tex] atoms of lithium occupies 7.73 [tex]cm^3\\[/tex] of volume.

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The pH of a 0.50 M solution of base B is found to be 10.19. The Kb of the base is 4.8 × 10⁻⁸.

Let's consider the following basic reaction.

B(aq) + H2O(l) ⇄ BH(aq) + OH⁻(aq)

First, we will calculate the pOH of the solution using the following expression. (14-10.19)=3.81

antilog -3.81=1.55×10^-4/0.50=4.8×10^-8

The pH of a 0.50 M solution of base B is found to be 10.19. The Kb of the base is 4.8 × 10⁻⁸.

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The [tex]K_b[/tex] of the base b is 4.805 × 10⁻⁸.

The dissociation constant is a type of equilibrium constant that measures the degree of dissociation of a salt.

[tex]K_a[/tex] is the dissociation constant for the acid which describes the strength of an acid.

[tex]K_b[/tex] is the dissociation constant of the base which describes the strength of a base.

pOH = 14 - pH = 14 - 10.19 = 3.81

pOH = -log[OH⁻]

3.81 = -log[OH⁻]

Antilog (-3.81) = [OH⁻]

[OH⁻] = 1.55 × 10⁻⁴

Here,

[tex]K_b= \frac{[BH^+][OH^-]}{[B]}[/tex]

     = [tex]\frac{(1.55\times10^{-4})(1.55\times10^{-4})}{0.50}[/tex]

     = 4.805 × 10⁻⁸

The Kb of the base b is 4.805 × 10⁻⁸

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Half-life is the time taken for the concentration of the substance to reduce by 50%. The original sample of strontium had a mass of 1.6 gms. Thus, option d is correct.

The half-life of any radioactive substance is the time period at which the concentration will get reduced to half the initial amount. The initial mass of Sr-90 is calculated as,

[tex]N(t) = N_{0} (\dfrac{1}{2})^{ \frac{t }{t 1/2}}[/tex]

Given,

Quantity of the remaining substance N (t) = 0.40 gm

Initial radioactive substance quantity [tex]N_{0}[/tex] =?

Time duration (t) = 56 years

Half-life = 28 years

Substituting values above:

[tex]\begin{aligned} 0.40 &= N_{0} (\dfrac{1}{2}) ^{{\frac{56}{28}}\\\\0.40 &= N_{0} (\dfrac{1}{2})^{2}\end{aligned}[/tex]

= 1.6 gm

Therefore, option d. the initial mass of Sr is 1.6 gm.

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Answer:

Explanation:

The final answer has a different set of units. In particular, kilograms (kg) changes to grams (g) and meters (m) changes to centimeters (cm). To make this change, you need to multiply the first value by proportions.

When writing these proportions, it is important that they are arranged in a way that allows for the cancellation of units. For instance, since both kg and m are located in the numerator, they must be located in the denominators of the conversions.

Proportions:

1 kg = 1,000 g

1 m = 100 cm

The full expression:

As you can see, the old units cancel out and you are left with g and cm in the numerator.

The answer is 100 Pa.

The formula for calculating pressure is :

Pressure = Force ÷ Area

We are given that :

We also know that :

Force = mass ×g

So, force will be :

Now, we can finally calculate pressure :