More strong base is added until the equivalence point is reached. what is the ph of this solution at the equivalence point if the total volume is 57. 0 mlml ?

Cyclic bromonium ion is the reactive intermediate that is formed in the reaction of an alkene with br2 and water. the correct answer is option(d).

A reactive intermediate is a highly reactive, high-energy, brief-lived molecule that, when produced in a chemical reaction, will swiftly transform into a stable molecule. They may occasionally be divided and stored. For instance, low temperatures and Matrix Isolation. Carbocations, carbanions, free radicals, carbenes, nitrenes, and benzyne are six different categories of reaction intermediates. These intermediaries are frequently produced when a chemical substance is chemically broken down.

Reactive intermediates can be used to explain the process of a chemical reaction. Reactive intermediates are high-energy, stable products that are present only in one of the intermediate phases of most chemical reactions, which typically involve more than one elementary step.

The complete question is:

What type of reactive intermediate is formed in the reaction of an alkene with Br2 and water to give a bromohydrin?

a.carbocation

b.carbanion

c.radical

d.cyclic bromonium ion

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Considering the definition of atomic mass, isotopes and atomic mass of an element, the % composition of each isotope is:

First of all, the atomic mass (A) is obtained by adding the number of protons and neutrons in a given nucleus of a chemical element.

The same chemical element can be made up of different atoms, that is, their atomic numbers are the same, but the number of neutrons is different. These atoms are called isotopes of the element.

On the other hand, the atomic mass of an element is the weighted average mass of its natural isotopes. In other words, the atomic masses of chemical elements are usually calculated as the weighted average of the masses of the different isotopes of each element, taking into account the relative abundance of each of them.

In this case, the first isotope Gallium - 69 has an atomic mass of 69 and a percent natural abundance of X%. The second isotope Gallium - 71 has an atomic mass of 71 and a percent natural abundance of (100-X)%.

On the other hand, the Relative Atomic Mass of Gallium is 69.8 .

Then, the value of X can be calculated as:

69× X+ 71× (1-X)= 69.8

Solving

69× X+ 71× 1- 71× X= 69.8

69× X+ 71- 71× X= 69.8

69× X- 71× X= 69.8 - 71

- 2× X= -1.2

X= (-1.2)÷ (-2)

X=0.6 which expressed as a percentage is X%= 60%.

So, the % compositon of Gallium - 71 is calculated as (100-X)%=(100 -60)%= 40%

Finally, the % composition of each isotope is:

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The weight of the 3 lb roast purchased by the housewife is 1,360.78 grams.

The weight of an object is the force acting on the object due to gravity.

The weight of an object varies from place to place across the globe due to difference in acceleration due to gravity.

1 lb ------------> 453.592 grams

3 lb ------------> ?

= (3 x 453.592)

= 1,360.78 grams

Thus, the weight of the 3 lb roast purchased by the housewife is 1,360.78 grams.

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Buffer is a solution that has been known to have an acid and base dissolved with constant hydrogen concentration. If 5 drops of HCl are added to the buffer then the final pH will be 8.64. Thus, option a is correct.

pH has been the concentration that is made of hydrogen or proton ions. The ions have been known to be released from the acids while the bases release the hydroxide ions.

The given buffer has a pH of 8.78, and hence, it is a basic buffer. If the solution of HCl (strong acid) is added to this buffer then the pH will decrease definitely. As only 5 drops are added there will be not much decrease in the pH.

Therefore, option a. the pH of the buffer after addition to HCl will be 8.64.

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Your question is incomplete, but most probably your full question was, A solution containing a buffer has an initial pH of 8.78. If a student adds 5 drops of HCl(aq) to this solution. What would be a reasonable pH for the resulting solution?

They will not necessarily be equal, but they will be constant.

In reversible reactions, dynamic equilibrium refers to a state in which the rate of the forward reaction is equal to that of the backward reaction.

Consdier the reaction below: A + B --> C + D

If the reaction is in dynamic equilibrium, the rate of formation of A and B will be the same as the rate of formation of C and D. However, this does not mean that the concentrations of the reactants and the products will be the same.

Since the rate of forward and backward reactions are equal, it means that the concentration of each of the species will be constant.

Thus, the above reaction is applicable to that of two reacting gases placed in a sealed flask and allowed to reach a dynamic equilibrium.

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They will be equal and constant. They will be equal but continuously changing. They will not necessarily be equal, and they will be continuously changing. They will not necessarily be equal, but they will be constant.

Molality of ethylene glycol, C₂H₄(OH)₂, in a solution prepared from 2. 331×10³ g of ethylene glycol and 2.00×10³ g of water, H₂O is 47.6m

Ethylene Glycol is known as C₂H₄(OH)₂. It is added in water to prepare an Antifreeze solution.

Given,  

Mass of Ethylene Glycol = 2.331 × 10³ g = 2.331kg

Mass of Water = 2.00 × 10³ g

Since, Ethylene Glycol is in excess. Hence, it acts as a solvent and water acts as a solute.

We know, Molar Mass of Water = 18g

Hence, Moles of  Water = Given mass of water / Molar Mass of Water

⇒             Moles of  Water = 2000 / 18

⇒            Moles of  Water = 111.1

Molality is defined as the moles of solute present in a given solvent in kg.

∴ Molality = Moles of  Solute / Mass of Solvent (in kg)

Molality = Moles of  Water / Mass of Ethylene Glycol

⇒ Molality = 111.1 / 2.331

⇒ Molality = 47.6m

Molality of ethylene glycol, C₂H₄(OH)₂, in a solution prepared from 2. 331×10³ g of ethylene glycol and 2.00×10³ g of water, H₂O is 47.6m

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The average rate of a reaction is a good approximation of an instantaneous rate when the concentration is measured during relatively brief time intervals.

At any point during such a little period, the average rate will be extremely near to the instantaneous rate. The average rate will differ from the instantaneous rates inside the period more when time intervals are longer.

The concentration change during a chosen time period is the average rate. When you take the measurements makes a difference.

The rate at a specific moment is known as the instantaneous rate. Finding the slope of the tangent to the concentration vs. time curve at that point yields the answer.

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The pH at 25°c of a 0. 0077 m solution of a weak base with a kb of 6. 2 × 10−9 is 8.8.

The base dissociation constant is termed as Kb. Throughout a base split into ts constituent ions in water is determined by its base dissociation constant.

Kb = [B+] [OH-]/[BOH]

Now, let the concentration of [B+] = [OH-] = x

Given,

Kb = 6. 2 × 10^-9

6. 2 × 10^-9 = x^2/(0.0077-x)

x = 6.909 × 10^(-6)

[B+] = [OH-] = 6.909 × 10^(-6)

As we know that,

pOH = -log [OH-]

pOH = -log( 6.909 × 10^(-6))

pOH = 5.2

As we also know that,

pOH + pH = 14

pH = 14 - pOH

pH = 14 - 5.2

pH = 8.8

Thus we calculated that the pH of the solution is 8.8.

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The radius of a sodium atom is determined as 2.145 x 10⁻⁸ cm.

Body-centered cubic (BCC) is the name given to a type of atom arrangement found in nature.

A body-centered cubic unit cell structure consists of atoms arranged in a cube where each corner of the cube shares an atom and with one atom positioned at the center.

The volume of the sodium atom is calculated as follows;

V = ZM/Nρ

where;

V = (2 x 23) / (6.023 x 10²³ x 0.968)

V = 7.89 x 10⁻²³ cm³

a = (V)^¹/₃

a = (7.89 x 10⁻²³ cm³)^¹/₃

a = 4.29 x 10⁻⁸ cm

r = a/2

r = ( 4.29 x 10⁻⁸ cm) / 2

r = 2.145 x 10⁻⁸ cm

Thus, the radius of a sodium atom is determined as 2.145 x 10⁻⁸ cm.

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4.8 × 10^9 M  is the concentration of n2 gas at equilibrium when the concentration of no2 is twice the concentration of o2 gas.

In some gas-producing fields, such as those in the US Midwest, North Sea, Eastern Europe, and South East Asia, nitrogen (N2) may naturally present in significant concentrations. Around 15% of the world's non-associated gas deposits have nitrogen content levels that are too high to be considered pipeline-quality gas (usually 3–4 mol%). Because it is an inert gas, nitrogen cannot support burning. Consequently, unstable combustion could result from burning a gas that contains too much nitrogen. The recovery of NGL content will be lowered when high nitrogen gas is treated in a gas plant because nitrogen acts as stripping gas. The compression technology and size of the transmission pipeline will rise with increased nitrogen concentration. High nitrogen levels are undesirable in an LNG plant because they lower the LNG temperature, which increases the energy required to liquefy natural gas and also increases the amount of boil-off gas from the LNG storage tanks.

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It should be noticed that the mole fraction of all the system's components is 1.

the proportion between the moles of one component in a solution or other combination and the total moles of all the components.

In a mixture, a mole fraction is the ratio of molecules of one component. By way of illustration, if the mole fraction of methane in a gas is 0.90, then this implies that 90% of the molecules are methane. Since the amount fractions resemble mole fractions, methane makes up an additional 90% of the mixture.

By dividing the solute's moles by all the other molecules in solution, you may determine the solute's mole fraction.

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In state n = 1, the energy of the hydrogen atom is -13. 58 ev, then the energy in state n = 2 is -3.40eV.

For an electron located in an inner orbit to jump an upper orbit, it needs an energy equal to the difference between the two quantized orbits. This energy comes from the absorption of a photon with the same energy required. The formula for the energy levels of a Hydrogen atom is:

En = E/(n×n)

where E is the energy of the ground state and n is the energy level or state. Then the energy in n= 1 is

En = -13. 58/ 4

En = -3. 40eV

Thus, we find the value of energy of hydrogen atom in n=2 is -3. 40eV.

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The original molarity of an aqueous solution of ammonia whose pH is 11. 02 at 25°C is 0.556 M

Calculation ,

Given : pH = 11.5

[tex][H^{+} ][/tex] = [tex]10^{-11.5}[/tex]

[tex][OH^{-} ][/tex] = [tex]K_{w} /[H^{+} ][/tex] = [tex]10^{-14}[/tex]/  [tex]10^{-11.5}[/tex] = [tex]10^{-2.5}[/tex] M

Kb = [tex][NH_{4}^{+} ][OH^{-} ]/[NH_{4} OH][/tex] = [tex](10^{-2.5})^{2} /C[/tex] = 1.8×[tex]10^{-5}[/tex] M

C = 1/1.8 = 0.566 M

So, molarity of an aqueous solution of ammonia is 0.566 M

pH ia a measure of hydrogen ion concentration , a measure of acidity or alkalinity of the solution .pH scale usually range from 0 to 14 Aqueous solutions at 25°C witha pH less rhan 7 are acidic  , whereas , those with pH greater than 7 are basic or alkaline. pOH ia a measure of hydroxide ion concentration , a measure of  alkalinity of the solution .

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20 g of [tex]FeSO_4[/tex] contains [tex]7.94 \times 10^{22}[/tex] ions of [tex]Fe^2^+[/tex]

A mole is a unit to measure an amount of any substance which contains as many elementary particles as there in 12 g of Carbon 12.

A mole contains  [tex]6.02214 \times 10^{23}[/tex] particles and this fixed number is called Avogadro’s number.

No. of moles is given by,

[tex]n =\frac{m}{M}[/tex]

where m = Given mass in grams

M = Molar mass

Here,

[tex]FeSO_4 \rightarrow Fe^2^+ + SO_4^2^-[/tex]

No. of moles of  [tex]FeSO_4[/tex]  = [tex]\frac{20g}{151.9gmol^-^1}[/tex] = 0.132 moles

No. of molecules of  [tex]FeSO_4[/tex] = 0.132 x 6.022 x [tex]10^2^3[/tex] = 7.94 x [tex]10^2^2[/tex]

No. of molecules of  [tex]FeSO_4[/tex] = no. of ions of [tex]Fe^2^+[/tex] = no of ions of [tex]SO_4^2^-[/tex]

Thus, no. of ions  [tex]Fe^2^+[/tex] in 20 g of  [tex]FeSO_4[/tex]  is 7.94 x [tex]10^2^2[/tex]

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Two months later 13.8 milligrams of the barium-131 still be radioactive.

It is expressed as:

[tex]A = A_{0} \times (\frac{1}{2})^{t/T}[/tex]

where,

A = Amount remaining

A₀ = Initial Amount

t = time

T = Half life

Here

A₀ = 0.50g

t  = 2 months = 60 days

T = 11.6 days  

Now put the values in above expression we get

[tex]A = A_{0} \times (\frac{1}{2})^{t/T}[/tex]

   [tex]= 0.50 \times (\frac{1}{2})^{60/11.6}[/tex]

   [tex]= 0.50 \times (\frac{1}{2})^{5.17}[/tex]

   = 0.50 × 0.0277

   = 0.0138 g

   = 13.8 mg          [1 mg = 1000 g]

Thus from the above conclusion we can say that Two months later 13.8 milligrams of the barium-131 still be radioactive.

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Question: Suppose that 0.50 grams of ban that 0.50 grams of barium-131 are administered orally to a patient. Approximately many milligrams of the barium would still be radioactive two months later? The half-life of barium-131 is 11.6 days.

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Answer:

Hypernantremia due to excess water loss

A rare disorder that causes the body to make too much urine

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Hypernatremia due to excess water loss is a diabetes insipidus. Hence option A is correct.

Hypernatremia is defined as an increase in serum sodium levels to a level greater than 145 mmol/L. Water leaks from the tissues into the bloodstream as a result of hypernatremia, which can induce cell shrinkage. Additionally, it affects the hormone levels that regulate salt levels, leading to an increase in thirst and more concentrated urine production.

Diabetes insipidus is defined as a rare illness that makes you almost insatiably thirsty and produces copious amounts of urine. A brain tumor that affects the hypothalamus or pituitary gland is one of the three most frequent causes of cranial diabetes insipidus. a severe head injury that damages the pituitary or hypothalamus. complications resulting from pituitary or brain surgery.

Thus, Hypernatremia due to excess water loss is a diabetes insipidus. Hence option A is correct.

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Answer:

[tex]K_{c} =\frac{[O_{2} ] [SO_{2} ]^{2} }{[SO_{3} ]^{2} }[/tex]

Explanation:

To construct the equilibrium constant, you need the balanced equation:

2 SO₃(g) -----> O₂(g) + 2 SO₂(g)

The equilibrium constant compares the concentrations of the products and the reactants.

The given expression follows this structure:

aA(g) ----> bB(g) + cC(g)

In this equation, the uppercase letters symbolize the molecules and the lowercase letters symbolize their corresponding coefficients in the balanced equation.

The general equilibrium expression looks like this:

[tex]K_{c} =\frac{[B]^{b} [C]^{c} }{[A]^{a} }[/tex]

To be clear, the concentrations in the numerator represent the gaseous products and the concentrations in the denominator represent the gaseous reactants.

Therefore, the equilibrium expression for this equation is:

[tex]K_{c} =\frac{[O_{2} ] [SO_{2} ]^{2} }{[SO_{3} ]^{2} }[/tex]

A polar molecule is a water. As a result, polar solutes such as ionic compounds and polar molecular compounds will dissolve in them.

Types of dissolved substances that may be present in water​:

Ionic chemicals and polar molecular compounds, for example, will dissolve in water since it is a polar molecules.

When it comes to organic compounds, water will dissolve any that have a carbon to oxygen atom ratio of less than or equal to 5.

[tex]$\frac{C}{O} \leq 5$[/tex]

Because of this, vitamin A is not water-soluble. Vitamin C is soluble, though.

A polar molecule is a water. As a result, polar solutes such as ionic compounds and polar molecular compounds will dissolve in them.

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The substance that conducts electricity is [tex]NaCl[/tex] dissolved in water.

So, option A is correct one.

When the sodium chloride dissolve in water , the sodium atoms and chlorine atoms separates under the presence of water molecules and exist as sodium cation and chloride anion . Now , they are free to move around in the water as positively and negatively charged ions . This separation of charge allows the solution to conduct electricity.

The solid [tex]NaCl[/tex] and solid sugar does not conduct electricity because it is not dissolve in water . Similarly, sugar dissolved in water does not conduct electricity .

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The density of rock weighing 1.705 kg is 3.213 gm/ml.

Explanation:

Given;

Volume of rock = 334.5 ml

Weight of rock = 1.075 kg = 1075 gm

By the formula,

Density = Weight in gm/Volume in ml

              = 1075/334.5 gm/ml = 3.2137 gm/ml

Therefore, density of rock is 3.213 gm/ml.

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Answer:

112 L

Explanation:

Since the pressure is being held constant, you can use the following variation of the Ideal Gas Law to find the new volume:

[tex]\frac{V_1}{T_1N_1}=\frac{V_2}{T_2N_2}[/tex]

In this equation, "V₁", "T₁", and "N₁" represent the initial volume, temperature, and moles. "V₂", "T₂", and "N₂" represent the final volume, temperature, and moles.

V₁ = 87.2 L                             V₂ = ? L

T₁ = 425 K                              T₂ = 273 K

N₁ = 2.5 moles                       N₂ = 2.5 + 2.5 = 5.0 moles

[tex]\frac{V_1}{T_1N_1}=\frac{V_2}{T_2N_2}[/tex]                                                   <----- Formula

[tex]\frac{87.2 L}{(425K)(2.5 moles)}=\frac{V_2}{(273 K)(5.0 moles)}[/tex]                    <----- Insert values

[tex]\frac{87.2 L}{1062.5}=\frac{V_2}{1365}[/tex]                                                    <----- Simplify denominators

[tex]0.08207=\frac{V_2}{1365}[/tex]                                                 <----- Simplify left side

[tex]112L={V_2}[/tex]                                                        <----- Multiply both sides by 1365

To prevent the system refrigerant from quickly dropping in temperature and pressure, refrigerant recovery should Begin with a liquid

In the refrigeration cycle of air conditioners and heat pumps, refrigerants are working fluids that typically go through numerous phase changes from a liquid to a gas and back again.

In the refrigeration cycle, which cools a place, a refrigerant is a material, frequently a fluid. Refrigerants use the thermodynamic phenomenon of phase transitions, in which a fluid transforms into a gas or vice versa, to absorb heat and then release it to another area.

At room temperature, it is often a gas. Ammonia, sulfur dioxide, and non-halogenated hydrocarbons like propane are further typical refrigerants that are employed in a variety of applications.

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Mass of copper would be=92.46 g

I = Current = 19.5 A

t = 4 hours =4×60×60=14400 s

F = Faraday constant = 96485.33 C/mol

Molar mass of copper = 63.546 g/mol

A charge is given by

Q=19.5×14400=280880 C

Moles of electrons are given by Q/F=280880/96485.33=2.91 mol

Moles of copper is=1/2×2.91=1.455 mol

Mass of copper would be=1.455×63.546=92.46 g

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The mass of Copper electroplated is 68.76 g

The process of plating a metal onto another is known as electroplating.

It is often used to prevent corrosion of metal or for the decorative purposes

In this process, electric current is passed through an aqueous solution containing dissolved cations.

The dissolved cations are reduced developing a thin metal coating on the electrode.

At cathode,

[tex]Cu^{2+}(aq) + 2e^-\rightarrow Cu(s)[/tex]

Current, I = 14.5 A

Time, t = 4 hrs = 4×60×60 = 14400 sec

Charge, q = It = 14.5×14400= 208800 C

Copper metal deposited by 2×96487 C = 63.55 g

Copper metal deposited by 208800 C = [tex]\frac{63.55 \times208800}{2\times96487}[/tex]

                                                         = 68.76g

Hence, The mass of Copper electroplated is 68.76 g

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Catalysis is the process of boosting the pace of a chemical reaction by using a catalyst. Catalysts are not consumed in the reaction and so survive it.

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Answer:

can u show the answer it give you for the question

The float property allows the positioning of an element to the right or left of other elements.

In the context of web development and CSS, the "float" property is used to control the positioning of elements within a container. It allows you to move an element to the left or right of its containing element, enabling other elements to flow around it.

When an element is floated, it is taken out of the normal flow of the document, allowing other elements to wrap around it. This can be particularly useful for creating layouts where you want elements to appear side by side or to create text flow around images.

The "float" property can take one of two values: "left" or "right". When an element is set to "float: left", it will move to the left of its containing element, and any subsequent elements will wrap around it on the right side. Conversely, when set to "float: right", the element will move to the right, and subsequent elements will wrap around it on the left side.

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The correct answer is  C8H8O2.

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Increasing the surface area of the reactant by pelletizing the calcium carbonate, and increasing the concentration of hydrochloric acid resulted in increase in the rate of reaction.

Reaction rate refers to the rate at which reactant molecules are consumed or the rate at which product molecules are formed.

The factors that affect reaction rate include:

Given an experiment to determine effect of surface area of reactants  and concentration on reaction rate of dilute hydrochloric acid and calcium carbonate:

It was observed that increasing the surface area of the reactant by pelletizing the calcium carbonate and increasing the concentration of hydrochloric acid made the reaction proceed faster.

In conclusion, reaction rate increases with increase in surface area.

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The reaction shown here is an exothermic reaction.

An exothermic reaction is one in which the energy of the reactants is greater than the energy of the products. This implies that energy is given out in the process. Whether a reaction is endothermic or exothermic shows in the nature of the reaction profile curve.

For an endothermic reaction, the part of the diagram that represents the energy of the products is higher than the part that represents the energy of the reactants. This is clear from the image attached here.

If we look at the reaction graph very well, we will observe that the energy of the reactants is far above that of the products. Thus it follows that the reaction shown here is an exothermic reaction.

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the bond will break

The bond will dissolve (break) if the electron absorbs a photon and is moved from a bonding molecular orbital to an antibonding orbital since there is no longer an overall stabilizing interaction.

An antibonding molecular orbital is the molecular orbital created by the destructive overlapping of atomic orbitals.

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Answer:

15.94 g

Explanation:

80 mins is 4 half lives ( 20 min each)

255 * 1/2 * 1/2 * 1/2 * 1/2   = 255 * 1/2^4 = 15.94 g