In the reaction [tex]HC _{2} H_{3} O_{2} + H_{2}O[/tex]----->[tex]C _{2} H_{3} O_{2}^{-} + H_{3}O^{+}[/tex] , [tex]H_{2}O[/tex] substance is Bronsted -Lowery base.
According to Bronsted-Lowry an acid is a chemical species that is capable of yielding protons and a Bronsted-Lowry base is a chemical species capable of accepting protons .
The Bronsted -Lowery base is any species that can accepts a proton from another molecule . In short Bronsted -Lowery base is proton acceptor ( PA ) and Bronsted -Lowery acid is proton donor ( PD ).
In given reaction , water molecule accept proton from acid . Therfore , it is Bronsted -Lowery base .
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A solution of acetic acid, hc2h3o2, on a laboratory shelfwas of undetermined concentration. if the ph of the solution wasfound to be 2. 68, what was the concentration of the acetic acid?
A solution of acetic acid , on a laboratory shelf was of undetermined concentration. if the pH of the solution was found to be 2. 68 , then its the concentration of the acetic acid was 2×[tex]10^{-3}[/tex]
Calculation ,
A figure expressing the acidity or alkalinity of a solution on a logarithmic scale on which 7 is neutral, lower values are more acid and higher values more alkaline.
We have to find concentration of the acetic acid .
pH = 2. 68
pH = -㏒[ [tex]H^{+}[/tex] ]
2. 68 = -㏒[ [tex]H^{+}[/tex] ]
[ [tex]H^{+}[/tex] ] = [tex]10^{-2.68}[/tex]
[ [tex]H^{+}[/tex] ] = 2×[tex]10^{-3}[/tex]
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A 1. 30-g sample of an unknown gas occupies 798 ml at 25. 0°Cand a pressure of 1. 00 atm. Find the molar mass of the gas.
A 1. 30-g sample of an unknown gas occupies 798 ml at 25. 0°C and a pressure of 1. 00 atm the the molar mass of the gas is
Calculation ,
According to ideal gas equation ,
PV = nRT ....(i)
where P is the pressure = 1atm
V is the volume of the unknown gas = 798 ml = 0.798 L
R is the universal gas constant = 0.082 atm L /K mol
T is the temperature of the gas = 25 °C = 298 K
n is the number of moles = ?
By putting the value of pressure , volume , temperature and universal gas constant in equation ( i) we get
1 atm ×0.798 L = n×0.082×298
n = 1 atm ×0.798 L/0.082×298 = 0.0326 mole
Number of moles (n) = given mass/ molar mass
molar mass = given mass/number of moles = 1. 30 g/0.0326 mole
molar mass = 39.87 g/mol
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Q4. When 20 g of salt is added to a beaker containing 100 g of water, the salt dissolves and seems to disappear as a solution is formed. A) What is the mass now? B) Explain your answer.
The mass of the solution is equal to 120 g. As the salt dissolves in water so it disappears when the solution is formed.
Why does salt dissolve in water?The salt dissolves in water at the molecular level, due to electrical charges. Due to this fact that both water and salt are polar, with positive and negative charges on opposite sides of their molecule. The bonds in salt are ionic and have an electrical charge.
Likewise, a water molecule is also ionic in nature, but the covalent bonds are present with two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom, which has a negative charge. The salt dissolves because the covalent bonds of water molecules are stronger than the ionic bonds present in the salt molecules.
The mass of the given salt is equal to 20 g while the mass of water is 100g. The total mass of the solution is equal to the sum of the mass of the solute and the mass of the solvent. Therefore, the mass of the solution will be equal to 120 grams whether the salt gets dissolved in water and get disappeared.
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A 21.496 grams sample of magnesium is burned in air to form magnesium oxide and magnesium nitride. When the products are treated with water,2.813 grams of gaseous ammonia are generated. Calculate the amounts of magnesium nitride and magnesium oxide formed?
25.898 g is the amount of magnesium nitride and magnesium oxide formed.
Step1 2Mg(s)+ O2(g)-----> 2 MgO(s)
3Mg(s)+N2(g)------> Mg3N2(s)
Mg3N2(s)+ 6 H2O(l)---> 3Mg(OH)2 + 2 NH3(g)
Step2 Moles of NH3 = (2.813/17)
Moles of Mg3N2= (1/2) Moles of NH3 = (2.813/2x17)= 2.813/34
Mass of Mg3N2 = (2.813/34) x100 =8.274g (Molar mass of Mg3N2=100)
Step3 Mass of Mg in Mg3N2 =(72/100) x8.274 =5.957g
Mass of Mg converted in MgO= 21.496-5.957=15.539
Moles of MgO= Moles of Mg = 15.539/24
Mass of MgO = 15.539x40/24 =25.898 g.
Magnesium is a cofactor for over 300 enzymatic systems that regulate various biochemical reactions in the body, including protein synthesis, muscle and nerve function, glycemic control, and blood pressure regulation [1-3].
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Calculate the standard potential, ∘, for this reaction from its δ∘ value. x(s) y2 (aq)⟶x2 (aq) y(s)δ∘=−61. 0 kj
The equilibrium potential and the standard free energy change can give the standard potential of the electrodes. The standard cell potential is 0.32 V.
What is standard free energy change?A reaction's standard free energy change (∆Gº') is the energy produced when the reactants undergo changes to form the product. It is given as,
ΔG° = -nFE° cell
Given,
Standard free energy change (ΔG°) = − 61. 0 kJ
Number of moles of electrons (n) = 2
Faraday's constant (F) = 96500 C
The standard cell potential (E° cell) is calculated as:
E° cell = ΔG° ÷ -nF
E° cell = − 61000 ÷ -(2 × 96500)
E° cell = 61000 ÷ 193000
= 0.32 V
Therefore, 0.32 V is the standard cell potential of the cell.
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What is the purpose of adding 0. 1% agar to the trypticase nitrate broth when conducting the nitrate reduction test?.
Agar is used to assist establish an anaerobic environment that promotes nitrate reduction.
Nitrate Reduction test:
The nitrate in the broth is converted to nitrite by organisms that can produce the nitrate reductase enzyme, which can then be further converted to nitric oxide, nitrous oxide, or nitrogen. Anaerobic respiration and denitrification are two processes that can convert nitrate to a variety of compounds. While denitrification only reduces nitrate to molecular nitrogen, anaerobic respiration employs nitrate as the bacterium's final electron acceptor, reducing it to a range of chemicals.The nitrate reduction test is based on the detection of nitrite and its capacity to produce a red precipitate (prontosil), which is a water-soluble azo dye, when it combines with sulfanilic acid to create a complex (nitrite-sulfanilic acid).Learn more about the Nitrate reduction test with the help of the given link:
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Neptunium-237 was the first isotope of a transuranium element to be discovered. the decay constant is /s. what is the half-life in years? half-life = y
The half-life in years of Neptunium-237 which was the first isotope is 2.1 [tex]10^{6}[/tex] years.
Neptunium is most stable and Neptunium-237 is undergoes alpha decay, it means Neptunium-237 is decays by the emission of alpha particles . Seven alpha particles is emitted during decay of Neptunium-237. Neptunium-237 is radioactive actinide elements and first transuranium element.
The transuranium synthesis process involves creating a transuranium element through the transmutation process . The transmutation process is the process of creating heavy elements from light elements. Hence the process is the transmutation of light elements. There are two types: artificial and natural transmutation.
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Select true or false: in the reaction ag (aq) cl–(aq) → agcl(s), ag acts as a lewis acid
In the given reaction, Ag is acting as Lewis acid. the given statement is true.
What is Lewis acid?A Lewis acid is a chemical substance with an empty orbital that can accept an electron pair from the a Lewis base to establish a Lewis adduct.
Because the silver atom has an open valence shell, AgCl is a Lewis acid. Lewis acid is an atom, ion, or molecule with an incomplete electron octet.
Even though Ag+ can accept an electron pair, it acts as a Lewis acid. It will then combine with chlorine and form AgCl.
Thus, the given statement is true.
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What is the relationship between cubic centimetres and millimetres
Answer:
1 cc always equals 1 mL.
Explanation:
The primary difference is that milliliters are used for fluid amounts while cubic centimeters are used for solids. No matter what is being measured.
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In the lewis structure of HCN. How many nonbonded (lone) electron pairs are present?
In lewis structure of HCN, we can observe one lone pair of electron.
The 7 protons in the nitrogen nucleus are balanced by the 3 electrons from the triple bond, the 2 electrons from its lone pair, and the 2 inner core electrons that make up the nitrogen nucleus. As a result, nitrogen is formally neutral.What is meant by lewis structure?The valence shell electrons in a molecule are depicted in an extremely simplified manner by a Lewis Structure. It is used to demonstrate how the electrons in a molecule are positioned around particular atoms. Electrons are shown as "dots" or, in the case of a bond, as a line connecting the two atoms.How should a Lewis structure be written?Step 1: Finding the total amount of valence electrons.Step 2: Outline the molecule's skeletal structure. Step 3: Form each bond in the skeletal structure using two valence electrons. Step 4: Try to distribute the leftover valence electrons as nonbonding electrons in order to fill the atoms' octets.To learn more about lewis structure visit:
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What instrument is used for measuring the heat energy absorbed or released in a chemical reaction?
C3Hg has a higher lower boiling point than C₂H6-
Answer:
C₃H₈ has a higher boiling point than C₂H₆
Explanation:
The boiling point is the temperature at which the intermolecular forces between molecules are overcome and the state of the substance changes from liquid to gas.
Since these are both hydrocarbons (molecules containing just carbon and hydrogen), the strength of their intermolecular bonds should be the same. However, since C₃H₈ is larger, it can form more of these intermolecular bonds. Thus, it takes more energy and a higher temperature to overcome the increased amount of forces.
2.04 thermal and chemical change
Explanation:
thermal changes are those in which heat exchange is involved like endothermic and exothermic
while in chemical changes collision between the reactant occurs which result into product
You are asked to weigh approximately 0. 4g of acetylsalicylic acid to the nearest mg. When you enter the data in grams in your lab notebook, how many significant figures will you record ?.
Number of significant figures will be 1
Given:
weight of acetylsalicylic acid = 0. 4g
To Find:
significant figures
Solution: Significant figures are the digits of value which carry meaning towards the resolution of the measurement. They are also called significant figures in chemistry. All the experimental measurements have some kind of uncertainty associated with them.
When we convert 0.4g acetylsalicylic acid to mg we get value 400mg
when we convert 400mg to gram we get value of 0.4 gram
Since 0 before a decimal is not significant so there is only one significant figure that is 4
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A 1. 3×10−6mol sample of sr(oh)2 is dissolved in water to make up 25. 0 ml of solution. what is the ph of the solution at 25. 0∘c?
The pH of the solution at 25 degree celsius of 1.3 × 10⁻⁶ moles of a sample of Sr(OH)₂ is 10.02.
How do we calculate pH?The pH of any solution gives an idea about the acidic and basic nature of the solution and the equation of pH will be represented as:
pH + pOH = 14
Given that,
Moles of Sr(OH)₂ = 1.3 × 10⁻⁶ mol
Volume of solution = 25mL = 0.025L
The concentration of Sr(OH)₂ in terms of molarity = 1.3×10⁻⁶/0.025
= 5.2×10¯⁵M
Dissociation of Sr(OH)₂ takes place as:
Sr(OH)₂ → Sr²⁺ + 2OH⁻
From the stoichiometry of the reaction 1 mole of Sr(OH)₂ produces 2 moles of OH⁻.
Given that the base is a strong base and that it entirely dissociates into its ions, the hydroxide ion concentration is 5.2×10¯⁵×2 = 1.04×10¯⁴ M.
pOH = -log[OH⁻]
pOH = -log(1.04×10¯⁴)
pOH = 3.98
Now we put this value on the first equation we get,
pH = 14 - 3.98 = 10.02
Therefore, the value of pOH is 10.02.
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How can we increase the rate of collisions between the reactants in this reaction? mg 2hcl → mgcl2 h2
The frequency of collisions between the two reactants increases as the concentration of the reactants increases. When collisions happen, they don't always cause a reaction (atoms misaligned or insufficient energy, etc.). Higher concentrations result in more collisions and reaction opportunities.
Increasing a reactant's surface area increases the frequency of collisions and thus the reaction rate. The surface area of several smaller particles is greater than that of a single large particle. The greater the available surface area for particles to collide, the faster the reaction will occur.
How does concentration affect the rate of collisions between reactants?Thus, we can conclude that by increasing the concentration of Mg in the reaction mixture we increase the rate of collisions between the reactants in this reaction.
What does the half reaction of an oxidation-reduction reaction show?Iron gains electrons in the half reaction of an oxidation-reduction reaction. What does iron's electron gain mean? It has been reduced. Predict the product that will precipitate out of the reaction using the solubility rules and the periodic table.
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The IR spectrum of a solid can be taken by dissolving it to create a solution. An appropriate solvent is?
The IR spectrum of a solid can be taken by dissolving it to create a solution. An appropriate solvent is carbon tetrachloride as its IR stretches are( only in tne fingerprint region) not visible in the region of infrared.
Non-polar solvents do not show peaks at the region of IR frequency because they do not have dipoles which absorb the infrared light. However, it has been noted that some of these solvent interfere the reaction spectra or absorb within the range of spectra. This property makes them suitable solvents in IR Spectroscopy.
Therefore non-polar solvents such as CCl4 or Carbon disulfide are appropriate for the IR spectrum. They also do not interfere with the halide disks used in the spectrometer, as a solvent like water would.
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A local plant nursery uses large sprinklers to water the plants twice a day. the water contains phosphorus, which is a fertilizer that helps plants grow. some of the water becomes runoff and ends up in nearby streams and lakes. this is an example of which type of short-term human-induced environmental change? eutrophication non-sustainable harvesting nonnative species introduction deforestation
Eutrophication
In an aged aquatic habitat like a lake, eutrophication is the progressive rise in the concentration of phosphorus, nitrogen, and other plant nutrients. As the volume of organic matter that can be converted into nutrients increases, the productivity or fertility of such an ecosystem also naturally rises.
What is Eutrophication ?Eutrophication may be caused by a number of things, including overuse of fertilisers, untreated sewage, the use of phosphorous-containing detergents, and industrial waste discharge.
Eutrophication naturally. Natural eutrophication is a process that develops in water resources over a very long period of time as a result of a slow buildup of nutrients and organic waste. Anthropogenic or cultural eutrophication.Learn more about Eutrophication here:
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What volume of benzaldehyde (ml) is 3 .00 mmol? the density of benzaldehyde is 1.045 g/ml.
The volume of benzaldehyde (ml) is 304.65 mL, if the density of benzaldehyde is 1.045 g/ml and having 3 mol.
Given,
Moles of benzaldehyde = 3 mol
Density of benzaldehyde = 1.045g/mol
Molar mass of benzaldehyde = 106.12 g/mol.
As we know that,
Moles can be calculated as
Moles = Given mass/ molar mass
3 = Given mass/ 106.12
Given mass = 318.36g.
The mass of benzaldehyde is 318.36g.
Now,
Density = mass/ Volume
1.045 = 318.16/ Volume
Volume = 318.36/1.045
Volume = 304.65 mL.
Thus, we find that the volume of benzaldehyde is
304.65 mL.
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How many milliliters of an 16m (h2so4) solution is required to prepare 2. 0×10^3ml of 0. 15m solution?
18mL of a 16M H₂SO₄ solution is required to prepare.
Dilution is the process of lowering a solute's concentration in a solution. It usually just involves mixing the solution with more solvent, and much more water. A solution is diluted when more solvent is added without increasing solute. The final mixture is thoroughly mixed to make sure that every component is the same.
The formula for the dilution of a solution is
M₁V₁ = M₂V₂
where,
M is molarity and V is the volume of the solution in liters.
Known,
M₁ = 16M = 16 mol/ L
M₂ = 0.15M = 0.15 mol / L
V₂ = 2.0 × [tex]10^3[/tex] ml
= 2L
∴ [tex]V_1 =\frac{M_2 V_2}{M_1}[/tex]
[tex]V_1 = \frac{0.15 * 2}{16}[/tex]
[tex]= \frac{0.3}{16}[/tex]
[tex]= 0.018 L[/tex]
[tex]V_1 = 0.018L[/tex] × [tex]1000 mL[/tex]
[tex]= 18 mL[/tex]
Therefore, 18mL of a 16M H₂SO₄ solution is required to prepare.
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How many moles of iron atoms are obtained from 320kg of iron oxide
Answer: 4010 mol of iron atoms
Explanation:
Given Information
Iron Oxide = Fe₂O₃
Mass = 320 kg
Given atomic mass / molecular weight
Fe = 55.8 g / mol
O = 16.0 g / mol
Fe₂O₃ = 55.8 × 2 + 16.0 × 3 = 159.6 g / mol
Given formula
n = m / M
n = number of molesm = massM = molecular weightConvert the unit of mass to Gram
1 kg = 1000 g
320 kg = 320 × 1000 = 320 000 g
Substitute values into the given formula
n = m / M
n = (320000) / (159.6)
n ≈ 2005 mol of Fe₂O₃
Calculate the number of moles of Fe (Iron atoms)
Since each mole of Fe₂O₃ has 2 moles of Fe, then:
2005 × 2 =[tex]\Large\boxed{4010~mol~of~Fe}[/tex]
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If you purchase two new tires rather than four, you should put them on
If you purchase two new tires instead of four, you should put them on the rear means back side.
What should be done if you purchase only two tires?If you are here for a short answer on where the two new tires should be installed, always place the new tires on the rear when buying two tires instead of four. This is because more weight of car comes on the back tires so the new tires should be installed on the back tires of the car.
So we can conclude that If you purchase two new tires instead of four, you should put them on the rear means back side.
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Which of the following factors would reduce the yield of a reaction?
A. The reaction produces a large quantity of heat.
B. The products are more stable than the reactants.
C. The reaction may be reversible.
D. The reaction occurs very quickly.
The products being more stable than the reactants is the factor which would reduce the yield of a reaction and is denoted as option B under standard conditions.
What is a Chemical reaction?This is the process in which one or more substances which are referred to as reactants are converted into new substances which we call the products.
A chemical reaction involves atoms exhibiting different bond formation so as to ensure they acquire an octet configuration and promotes proper stability of the products.
When the products are more stable than the reactants it means it is unable to form other products thereby decreasing the yield which is why it was chosen as the most appropriate choice.
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Americium–241 decays into neptunium–237. which correctly describes this process of radioactive decay? an unstable nucleus decays into a more stable nucleus. energy in the nucleus is converted into mass. the strong nuclear force splits the nucleus apart. the atom loses four protons.
When Americium–241 decays into neptunium–237, an unstable nucleus decays into a more stable nucleus.
What is Radioactive decay?
Radioactive decay is the process by which an unstable atomic nucleus loses energy by radiation. A material containing unstable nuclei is considered radioactive. Three of the most common types of decay are alpha decay (α-decay), beta decay (β-decay), and gamma decay (γ-decay), all of which involve emitting one or more particles. The weak force is the mechanism that is responsible for beta decay, while the other two are governed by the electromagnetism and nuclear force. A fourth type of common decay is Electron Capture, in which an unstable nucleus captures an inner electron from one of the electron shells. The loss of that electron from the shell results in a cascade of electrons dropping down to that lower shell, resulting in emission of discrete X-rays from the transitions. A common example is Iodine-125 commonly used in medical settings.Radioactive decay is a stochastic (i.e. random) process at the level of single atoms. According to quantum theory, it is impossible to predict when a particular atom will decay, regardless of how long the atom has existed. However, for a significant number of identical atoms, the overall decay rate can be expressed as a decay constant or as half-life. The half-lives of radioactive atoms have a huge range; from nearly instantaneous to far longer than the age of the universe.The decaying nucleus is called the parent radionuclide (or parent radioisotope), and the process produces at least one daughter nuclide.Except for gamma decay or internal conversion from a nuclear excited state, the decay is a nuclear transmutation resulting in a daughter containing a different number of protons or neutrons (or both). When the number of protons changes, an atom of a different chemical element is created.To learn more about Radioactive decay: https://brainly.com/question/1770619
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what is the percent abundance of the size 4d nails in this sample. PLS ASAP
Answer:
? = 61.5%
Explanation:
To find the percent abundance of 4d nails, you need to use the following equation:
Percent Abundance = (number of nails / total nails) x 100%
Percent Abundance (4d) = (123 / 123 + 77) x 100%
= (123 / 200) x 100%
= 0.615 x 100%
= 61.5%
How many half-lives have passed in a sample that originally contained 5000 parent isotopes but now has only 625?
Answer:
3 half lives
Explanation:
5000 * (1/2)^n = 625 where n = number of half lives
log ( 625/5000) / log(1/2) = n = 3
5000 2500 1250 625
Thermite is a compound often used in the metalworking and construction industries. thermite can be produced from aluminum and iron oxide according to this reaction:_______.
thermite can be produced from aluminum and iron oxide according to redox reaction.
Redox reaction is defined as the the reaction in which one substance get oxidised and other one is reduced. In other words, Oxidation reduction reaction is called redox reaction.
Oxidation is termed as gain of electron and Reduction is termed as lose of electron.
Thermite is a mixture of an oxide of one metal and a powder of another metal.
Aluminium is usually used as a metal that basically decreases the oxide of the metal.
The thermite contains a mass ratio of ferric oxide and aluminium of 3:1.
It is used to weld broken iron pieces thermally. The reduction of aluminium ferric oxide is extremely exothermic, so the iron produced would be in the molten state.
Fe2O3+2Al→Al2O3+2Fe+heat
Thus, redox reaction of aluminum and ferrous oxide produce thermite.
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If the decomposition of a sample of k c l o 3 kclox3 produces 3. 29 g of o 2 ox2 , what was the mass (g) of the original sample?
The mass (g) of the original sample after decomposition is 8.3983 g.
A decomposition reaction can be described as a chemical reaction wherein one reactant breaks down into or extra merchandise.
explanation:
Reaction 2KClO₃ ⇒ 2KCl + 3O₂
moles 2 2 3
molar mass 122.55 74.55 32
Given, Mass of O₂ = 3.29g ⇒ moles of O₂
= (3.29/32) = 0.1028
3 moles of O₂ produced by 2 moles of KClO₃
Therefore, 0.1028 moles of O₂ produced by (2*0.1028/3) = 0.06853 moles of Kclo₃
Mass of KClo₃ in original sample is = moles * molar mass
= 0.06853 * 122.55
= 8.3983 g
A decomposition response occurs whilst one reactant breaks down into or extra merchandise. this may be represented through the general equation: XY → X+ Y. Examples of decomposition reactions consist of the breakdown of hydrogen peroxide to water and oxygen, and the breakdown of water to hydrogen and oxygen.
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A sample of n2 occupies 3. 0l at 3. 0atm. What volume will it occupy when the pressure is changed to 0. 5atm and the temperature remain constant?
It will occupy 18 L volume when the pressure is changed to 0. 5 atm and the temperature remain constant.
Calculation,
According to Boyle law, the pressure of a given quantity of gas varies inversely with its volume at constant temperature.
[tex]P_{1} V _{1} = k[/tex] .....(i)
[tex]P_{1}[/tex] is initial pressure = 3 atm[tex]V _{1}[/tex] is initial volume = 3Lk is constant[tex]P_{2} V _{2} = k[/tex] (ii)
[tex]P_{2}[/tex] is final pressure = ?[tex]V _{2}[/tex] is final volume = 0.5atmk is constantCombining equation (i) and (ii). we get,
[tex]P_{1} V _{1} = P_{2} V _{2}[/tex]
3 atm× 3L= [tex]V _{2}[/tex]× 0.5atm
[tex]V _{2}[/tex] = 3 atm× 3L/0.5atm = 18 L
Boyle law used during respiration or breathing.
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Consider a 100-gram sample of radioactive cobalt-60.
How much time will it take before half the sample has decayed?
It will take 5.2 years to decay.
The half life of cobalt-60 is 5.2 years. The half life is the time taken for the mass of the substance to decrease by a half.
here, the amount of remaining substance is 50%,
so, [tex](\frac{1}{2} )^{n} = 0.5[/tex]
n. log (0.5) = log (0.5)
n = 1
So it would take 1 half lives to decay this much, which is 1 x 5.2 which is 5.2 years.
what do you mean by radioactive decay ?
The process through which an unstable atomic nucleus loses energy via radiation is known as radioactive decay, also known as nuclear decay, radioactivity, radioactive disintegration, or nuclear disintegration. A material that has unstable nuclei is considered as radioactive.
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