Glycolysis takes place in the cytoplasm, and the Krebs cycle takes place in the mitochondria of the cell.
Glycolysis is an anaerobic process. During glycolysis, partial oxidation of glucose occurs, which produces two molecules of pyruvic acid.
Krebs cycle occurs in the mitochondrial matrix. It is an aerobic process which produces Carbon dioxide after complete oxidation of pyruvic acid that is made up during glycolysis.
The pyruvate formed by the reduction of glucose in the glycolysis is broken down into acetyl-CoA which then enters the Krebs cycle and condenses with oxaloacetate to form citrate. One pyruvate molecules yields 15 ATP and therefore, two pyruvate molecules lead to the production of 30 ATP.
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You mate a female m1 fly to a male m3 fly. if these two flies have recessive mutations in the same gene, what percentage of their offspring will have sleep defects?
There is only 50 % chance that offspring have a sleep defects. The simplest test to distinguished between the two possibilities is the complementation test.
When two recessive organism are crossed then mutation are in the same gene , both copies of gene will be mutant in F1 offspring and they will exhibit the same phenotype as their parents.
The exact mutation may be different but both allele of single gene are mutant and the recessive phenotype will be observed. If two mutants have homozygous recessive mutant alleles for two different genes. Complementations is occurs when two strains of an organisms with different homozygous recessive mutations that produce the same mutant phenotype.
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How many high-energy phosphates are generated or consumed in converting 1 mole of glucose to lactate?
For converting 1 mole of glucose to lactate only 2 high energy phosphate (ATP) is required. There is 7 ATP are produced per mole of glucose in glycolysis aerobically but aerobic respiration pyruvate is converted to lactate by dehydrogenase at cost of 2 NADH.
Glucose gets rearranged during the starting molecules and two phosphate groups are attached to it. These phosphate groups make the modified sugar- now called fructose -1, 6- bis-phosphate unstable and allowing it to split in half and form two phosphate bearing three carbon sugars.
In the process of glycolysis the direct transfer of high energy phosphate from 1,3- diphosphoglyceric acid and phosphoenol pyruvate to adenine diphosphate which result in the formation of two ATP molecules.
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What percent of blood from digestion passes through the liver before returning to the heart?
100% of the blood from digestion passes through the liver before returning to the heart.
The hepatic portal system is the venous system that returns blood from the digestive tract and spleen to the liver. The raw nutrients in the blood are processed in the liver before the blood returns to the heart.
The hepatic portal vein supplies 75% of the blood to the liver, while the hepatic arteries supply the remaining 25%.
In the liver, carbohydrates and amino acids can be stored or used to synthesize new proteins and carbohydrates.
The liver also extracts vitamins and cofactors from the blood for storage, as well as filters any toxins that may have been absorbed along with the food.
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What kind of cell is involved in the process of scarring?
Scars are comprised mainly of collagen, a fibrous protein secreted by a type of cell found in the skin called a fibroblast. Collagen is one of the main components of the extracellular matrix — a three-dimensional web that supports and stabilizes the cells in the skin.
Answer:
EPF Cells (Engrailed-Positive Fibroblast Cells)
Explanation:
Researchers found evidence that EPF cells are clearly responsible for the vast majority of scarring.
Brainliest, please :)
Why do you think the value of pk1 increases for alanine when it's part of an oligopeptide compared to free alanine?
The value of pk1 increases for Alanine when it's part of an oligopeptide compared to free Alanine due to decreased electrostatic interaction between the amino group and carboxylic group which lowers the strength of acidic group i.e. carboxylic group.
The amino acids are amphoteric in nature and have two or three pK values, depending on their side chains. pKa1 is the α-carboxyl group, pKa2 is the α-ammonium ion, pKa3 is the side chain group (if applicable).
Electrostatic interaction between the carboxylate anion and the protonated amino group of the Alanine zwitterion favorably affects the ionization of the carboxyl group. This favorable interaction decreases as the length of the poly-Ala increases, resulting in an increase in pK1.
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plsss help asap omg T-T
Breathing allows us to take in Oxygen and removes carbon dioxide.
When we inhale the ribs expand and make room for the lungs to fill with air.
These are the only ones I know I am so sorry but I hope it helps.
During the measurement of blood pressure with a sphygmomanometer, diastolic blood pressure is recorded when:_____.
During the measurement of blood pressure with a sphygmomanometer, diastolic blood pressure is recorded when you no longer hear the beating sounds. This is your diastolic pressure.
While measuring the diastolic blood pressure watch the mercury level in the sphygmomanometer.
Note the sphygmomanometer reading (the number the mercury has reached) when the pulse reappears. Record this as the systolic pressure.
Deflate the cuff further until the pulse disappears. Record this reading as the diastolic pressure.
Blood pressure is measured in units of millimeters of mercury (mmHg). If someone has a reading of 132/88 mmHg, they have a systolic blood pressure of 132 mmHg and a diastolic blood pressure of 88 mmHg.
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Barbara mcclintock examined the mechanism for the appearance of purple spots in the kernels of yellow and white corn. She attributed the spots to?
Barbara Mcclintock examined the mechanism for the appearance of purple spots in the kernels of yellow and white corn. She attributed the spots to transposable elements(TE) or jumping genes.
McClintock studied the so-called Ac/Ds system in maize, which she learned about by carrying out conventional genetic breeding experiments with a peculiar phenotype. Through these tests, McClintock discovered that breakage happened at particular locations on the maize chromosomes.
She did, in fact, find the first transposable element (TE) at the aptly termed "dissociation" location of chromosome breakage (Ds). McClintock initially observed that the movements of Ds are controlled by an autonomous element called "activator" (Ac), which may also promote its own transposition. She later discovered that some TEs could "jump" autonomously.
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The lithosphere is broken into approximately ____________ dozen smaller sections called lithospheric plates that are in constant motion.
The lithosphere is broken into approximately Two Dozen dozen smaller sections called lithospheric plates that are in constant motion.
What is earth's lithosphere?
The most well-known feature associated with the Earth's lithosphere is tectonic activity. Tectonic activity describes the interaction of huge plates of lithosphere called tectonic plates.
The lithosphere is divided into tectonic plates including the North American, Caribbean, South American, Scottish, Antarctic, Eurasian, Arabian, African, Indian, Philippine, Australian, Pacific, Juan de Fuca, Coconut, and Nazca plates.
Most tectonic activity takes place at the boundaries of these plates, where they can collide, tear apart, or slide against each other. The movement of tectonic plates is made possible by thermal energy (heat) from the mantle part of the lithosphere. Thermal energy makes the rocks of the lithosphere more flexible.
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Select all the correct answers. which three statements provide reasons that scientists are considering renewable sources of energy?
The option 1, option 3, and option 4 is correct.
The three statement related to the renewable sources of energy should be clean & non-pollutting, conventional resources, and available in nature.
What is renewable sources of energy?
Renewable energy comes from natural sources that replace themselves more quickly than they are used up. Examples of such sources that are continuously replenished are the sun and the wind. There are many different types of renewable energy available to us.The most popular renewable energy sources currently are:
Solar energy.Wind energy.Hydro energy.Tidal energy.Geothermal energy.Biomass energy.Therefore, based on this, we can conclude that the option 1, option 3, and option 4 is correct.
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The complete question is -
Select all the correct answers.
Which three statements provide reasons that scientists are considering renewable sources of energy?
1. Most renewable resources are clean and nonpolluting.
2. Renewable resources can be replenished.
3. Renewable resources are conventional resources.
4. Most renewable resources are easily available in nature.
5. All renewable resources are cost effective.
Is fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase activated, inhibited, or unaffected in response to a glucagon signal?
Fructose-1, 6-bisphosphatase is activated in response to a glucagon signal.
What is the purpose of Glucagon signals?Glucagon signals specify that fuel molecules are required in the bloodstream.So these signals activate Fructose-1, 6-bisphosphatase (F1, 6BP) so as to increase the level of sugar and other fuels required for production of energy.In the process of gluconeogenesis, new glucose molecules are synthesized from other non carbohydrate sources.As glucose is required in the bloodstream so F-1, 6BP should be activated as it acts as a rate limiting enzyme in gluconeogenesis.Gluconeogenesis occurs when the dietary intake of glucose is very low. Glucose is required as a source of energy by almost all body cells so in case of less oxygen it is synthesized from other molecules like amino acids.Learn more about gluconeogenesis here:
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What are the products of heterotrophs that are used by autotrophs for their metabolism?
The products of heterotrophs that are used by autotrophs for their metabolism are carbon dioxide and water.
What are heterotrophs?An organism is referred to as a heterotroph if it consumes different plants or animals seeking food and energy. Its origins are in the Greek words hetero, which means "other," and trophe, which means "nutrition."
Some characteristics of heterotroph are-
In a food chain, a group of creatures that supply energy and nutrients to other organisms, heterotrophs inhabit the first and second levels. Three trophic levels, that characterize an organism's function in an ecosystem, make up each food chain. The first food level is occupied by autotrophs, which include plants and algae.What is autotrophs?Autotrophs are referred to as producers since they can generate their own food using energy and raw resources. Plants, algae, and several varieties of bacteria are examples.
Some characteristics of autotrophs are-
An creature that can make its own nourishment by the use of light, water, co2, or other substances is an autotroph. Autotrophs are also referred to as producers because they make their own nourishment.The majority of autotrophs produce their food through a process known as photosynthesis. In photosynthesis, photosynthetic organisms use the sun's energy to turn the air's carbon dioxide and the soil's water into glucose, a nutrition.To know more about kind of organism is a heterotroph, here
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To participate in a designated driver program and be provided with complimentary nonalcoholic drinks you must meet certain criteria, which are?
To participate in a designated driver program and be provided with complimentary nonalcoholic drinks you must meet certain criteria, which are a part of a group of two or more, identify yourself as the designated driver, and be at least 21 years old.
A non-alcoholic drink, often known as a temperance drink, is an alcoholic drink that is created without alcohol, or with the alcohol eliminated or reduced to virtually nothing.
Non-alcoholic beer has extremely little or no alcohol. Non-alcoholic beers sold in the United States are allowed to contain up to 0.5 percent alcohol by volume (ABV), yet several brands claim to offer 0% ABV.
Ethanol distillation is used to separate alcoholic beverages into non-alcoholic beverages and spirits. Similar non-alcoholic drinks are authorized in places where alcohol is prohibited.
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The _________ is a temporary organ that is the site of exchange of oxygen, nutrients, and wastes between the mother and fetus, and the ________ connects the placenta to the embryo
"The placenta is a temporary organ that is the site of exchange of oxygen, nutrients, and wastes between the mother and fetus, and the umbilical cord connects the placenta to the embryo."
The term "placenta" refers to the transient vascular organ that is present in mammals and holds the baby to the mother's uterus during pregnancy. A developing newborn receives oxygen and nutrients from this structure. It also cleans the baby's blood of waste materials. Only mammals have a placenta.
The transmission of materials is facilitated by the umbilical cord, which joins the fetus and placenta. The network of blood veins in the uterine wall connects the mother to the placenta. The umbilical cord has a vein and two arteries. It transports waste materials away from the fetus and supplies it with oxygen and nutrition.
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In the carbon cycle, carbon dioxide and water are converted to glucose and oxygen by ________
Answer:
Photosynthesis
Explanation:
Gteen plants through this process to convert Carbon dioxide in the air and water to carbohydrate (glucose) and oxygen.
The primary symptoms of _________________ are muscular rigidity, slowness of movement, a resting tremor, and postural instability
The primary symptoms of Parkinson's disease are muscular rigidity, slowness of movement, a resting tremor, and postural instability.
What are the causes of Parkinson’s disease?Parkinson's disease is a disorder of the central nervous system which results in unintended movements like uncontrolled shaking, stiffness, and difficulty to coordinate and balance.This is caused due to damage of nerve cells in the basal ganglia of brain which leads to decrease in levels of dopamine (a neurotransmitter).Nerve endings that release norepinephrine also get damaged.Initially the symptoms are mild which gradually worsen as the disease progresses.It leads to behavioral changes, fatigue, sleep disorders, depression.This disease can be controlled by taking medications which increase the level of dopamine and other neurotransmitters and by performing therapies which control body movements.Learn more about Parkinson’s disease here:
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When sympathetic activation occurs, there is increased activity in the cardiovascular and respiratory centers of the ________.
When sympathetic activation occurs, there is increased activity in the cardiovascular and respiratory centers of the
Pons and medulla oblongata
What is sympathetic activation?
One of the three divisions of the autonomic nervous system, along with the parasympathetic and enteric nervous systems, is the sympathetic nervous system (SANS or SYNS). The enteric nervous system is occasionally regarded as a component of the autonomic nervous system and other times as a separate entity.
The autonomic nerve system controls the body's automatic movements. The major function of the sympathetic nervous system is to activate the body's fight-or-flight response. However, in order to maintain homeostasis, it is continually active. The parasympathetic neural system, which drives the body to "eat and breed" before (then) "rest-and-digest," is said to be antagonistic to the sympathetic nervous system.
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How are the line spectra of the different elements related to the observed color with the unaided eye?
Line spectra of different elements vary due to difference in wavelengths of emitted light.
To the unaided eye, the various wavelengths denoting colors of light given by an element are combined together, and appear as a single color that is a combination of the constituent colors.
Electrons in atoms usually occupy the lowest energy states possible (ground state). However, electrons can be excited to high energy states when they absorb excess energy.
When they return to the ground state, they release this excess energy in the form of light. Each atom or molecule releases a single photon of light for each electron energy transition it makes.
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One advantage of branched sugar polymers is the availability of more ends for chemical reaction.
a. true
b. false
The one advantage of branched sugar polymers is the availability of more ends for chemical reactions. So, the statement is true.
What are branched sugar polymers?Polysaccharides are simply the monomers of thousands of monosaccharides units. The kind of polysaccharide formed will be based on the kind of monosaccharide units involved.
The branching of monomers helps in the formation of polysaccharides. Branching of glucose monomers in the formation of different polysaccharides. These are starch and cellulose present in plants and glycogen in animals.
These kinds of polysaccharides are made of a lot of monomers and that is caused by the branching. This kind of branching can also help in the addition of more monomeric units to make a longer polysaccharide chain.
Therefore, an advantage of branched sugar polymers is the availability of more ends for chemical reactions.
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In the context of nutritional status assessment, height, body weight, and body composition are frequently used?
Dietary assessors in the context of nutritional status assessment ,height , body weight and body composition are frequently used.It is important not only in study of associations between diet and health related outcomes but also for nutritional status of patients in clinical settings.
Anthropometry is the measurement of physical dimension such as height , body weight and composition of human body to provide information related to individuals nutritional status.
It involves the collection of information on food and drink consumed over specific time that is coded and processed to compute intakes of energy and nutrients or others dietary constituents using food composition tables.
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What is one benefit if using SI units
ANSWER: the comparison of data all over the world can be done quickly
Which equation is an expression of the second law of thermodynamics for a spontaneous process?.
The second law of thermodynamics states that a spontaneous process increases the entropy of the universe, S(univ) > 0. If ΔS(univ) < 0, the process is nonspontaneous, and if ΔS(univ) = 0, the system is at equilibrium
What is thermodynamics ?The science of thermodynamics examines the connections between heat, work, temperature, and energy. The rules of thermodynamics explain how energy moves inside a system and whether or not the system is capable of performing beneficial work on its surroundings.
Energy cannot be generated or destroyed, according to Thermodynamics' First Law. The entropy of the cosmos increases for spontaneous processes, according to the second law of thermodynamics. Third Law of Thermodynamics: Entropy is zero in a flawless crystal at absolute zero Kelvin.Learn more about Thermodynamics here:
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Which part of the nephron is responsible for the greatest possible increase in urine concentration?
Bowman's capsule collecting duct loop of Henle is the part of the nephron is responsible for the greatest possible increase in urine concentration.
Maximum concentration occurs at the bottom of the loop. The ascending limb of the nephron loop is impermeable to water, but Na + and Cl – are pumped out into the surrounding fluids by active transport.
The production of concentrated urine involves complex interactions among the medullary nephron segments [5;6] and vasculature. In outer medulla, the thick ascending limbs of the loops of Henle actively reabsorb NaCl.
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Features that result from wave deposition include
Select one:
a.
groins
b.
barrier islands
c.
sea walls
d.
sea stacks
Answer:
b.barrier islands
Explanation:
Bacteria with an optimum growth temperature of 37 degrees celsius are __________
Bacteria with an optimum growth temperature of 37 degrees celsius are called mesophiles.
What are mesophiles?These are a group of organisms that grow at moderate temperatures. Their optimum growth temperature ranges from 20 degrees Celsius to 40 degrees Celcius.
This term generally only applies to microorganisms, especially bacteria. There are other groups of bacteria which grow at relatively high or low temperatures
Thermophiles are bacteria that grow at a relatively high temperature and psychrophiles are bacteria that grow at relatively low temperatures.
The optimum temperatures of these bacteria are different because of the expression of certain alleles which release certain enzymes which are only active at particular temperatures.
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Why is onpg used as the substrate for the β-galactosidase assay rather than lactose?
Answer:
Explanation:
Unlike lactose, the substrate O-nitrophenyl-beta-D-galactopyranoside (ONPG) is capable of penetrating the bacterial cell without the presence of permease. In the broth method of testing, the organism is taken from a medium containing a high concentration of lactose and is inoculated into the ONPG Broth.
__________ is the situation when one hormone cannot exert its full effects without another hormone being present
Permissiveness is the case when one hormone cannot exert its full effect in the absence of another hormone.
What is permissiveness?Permissiveness is the condition when a hormone cannot fully exert its effects in the absence of some other hormone. When two or more hormones generate the very same effects in a target cell, the effects are amplified.
Permissiveness is a biochemical phenomenon in endocrinology in which the existence of one hormone is required for yet another hormone to exert its full impact on a target cell.
The permissive effect, which occurs when one hormone is present and allows some other hormone to act.
Thus, the answer is permissiveness.
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The decrease in reproductive function, resulting in a decrease in testosterone and inhibin secretion, is called?
The decrease in reproductive function, resulting in a decrease in testosterone and inhibin secretion, is called male Climacteric or andropause.
Inhibin is a protein secreted by the Sertoli cells in men and by the granulosa cells in women. It inhibits the synthesis and release of the follicle-stimulating hormone in the pituitary gland and reduces the hypothalamic LH releasing hormone content. The testes also produce inhibin B and anti-Müllerian hormone from Sertoli cells, and insulin-like factor 3 and estradiol from the Leydig cells..
The maintenance of inhibin production by the testis requires the support of pituitary hormones, presumably FSH, while seminiferous tubule fluid production requires testosterone, presumably through LH stimulation of Leydig cells.
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What is the role of alveoli in respiration
Answer:
What is the role of alveoli in respiration ⇔ Alveoli are the place where the exchange of gases takes place. The outer part of alveoli has blood vessels. These vessels are carrying Co2 rich blood to exchange at the alveoli. The O2 from the alveoli is diffused into the blood while co2 is sent into the lungs. That O2 rich blood is then carried to heart to pump it to the whole body. and this process continues. The alveoli are where the lungs and the blood exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide during the process of breathing in and breathing out.
Explanation:
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According to freud’s view of personality structure, the "executive" system, the _______, seeks to gratify the impulses of the __________ in more acceptable ways
According to Freud's view of personality structure the executive system the ego seeks to gratify the impulses of the id in more acceptable ways.
According to Freud personality structure theory - " mind is divided into three components id, ego and superego. The interactions and conflicts among the components create personality. The ego which operates the reality principle which satisfying the id's desire in ways that will realistically bring pleasure rather then the pain.
He believes that the personality is a result from conflict arsing from the interaction among the minds's three systems. Behavior and personality were derived from the constant and unique interaction of conflicting psychological forces that operates three level of awareness that is - precocious, conscious, unconscious.
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