δg° for the reaction having e° cell = 2.04v. is 393.658kJ.
The lead (Pb) in the lead storage battery act as an anode
What is Voltaic Cell?A voltaic cell or galvanic cell is an electrochemical cell that uses chemical reactions to produce electrical energy.
Parts of voltaic cellAnode where oxidation occurs Cathode where reduction occurs.
Therefore, Pb acts as anode and PbO2 act as a cathode.
Given,
E° cell = 2.04v
Faraday constant= 96485 C/mol
Moles of electron transferred n= 2
∆G = -nFE°
= -2 × 96485 × 2.04
= 393.658kJ
Thus we concluded that the δg° for the reaction having e° cell = 2.04v. is 393.658kJ.
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Reactants are the____________ substances in a chemical change and products are the ______substances.
Answer:
What is the name of the substances that are used at the beginning of a chemical reaction?
The substances that go into a chemical reaction are called the reactants, and the substances produced at the end of the reaction are known as the products.
Explanation: :)
How many milliliters of 10. 5 m hcl(aq) are needed to prepare 225. 0 ml of 1. 00 m hcl(aq)?
There are 21.42 milliliters of a 10. 5 M HCl(aq) are needed to prepare 225. 0 ml of 1. 00 M HCl(aq)
Calculation,
The formula for the dilution of a solution is given as:
[tex]M_{1} V_{1} =M_{2} V_{2}[/tex]
Where M is molarity and V is the volume of the solution in liters ( L ).
Given data,
[tex]M_{1}[/tex] = 10. 5 M
[tex]V_{1}[/tex] = ?
[tex]M_{2}[/tex] = 1. 00 M
[tex]V_{2}[/tex] = 225. 0 ml
10. 5 M × [tex]V_{1}[/tex] = 1. 00 M×225. 0 ml
[tex]V_{1}[/tex] in milliliters = 1. 00 M×225. 0 ml / 10. 5 M = 21.42 ml
Volume in milliliters is 21.42 ml .
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Consider the gibbs energies at 25 ∘ c. substance δ∘f (kj·mol−1) ag (aq) 77. 1 cl−(aq) −131. 2 agcl(s) −109. 8 br−(aq) −104. 0 agbr(s) −96. 9 (a) calculate δ∘rxn for the dissolution of agcl(s)
The ∆G° for the dissolution of AgCl solid is 55.7 kJ/mol.
What is gibbs free energy?The gibbs free energy is termed as thermodynamic quantity which is equal to the enthalpy (of a system or process) subtracted by the product of the entropy and the absolute temperature.
The gibbs free energy of the reaction is given by:
∆G°(rxn) =sum of ([∆G°] products)- sum of ( [∆ G°] reactants)
Reaction can be given as:
AgCl(S) » Ag+ (aq) + Cl- (aq)
Gibbs free energy of silver ions = ∆G°f, (Ag+) = 77.1kJ/mol
Gibbs free energy of formation of chloride ions = ∆G°f, (Cl-)= -131. 2kJ/mol
Gibbs free energy of formation of silver chloride solid = ∆ G°f, (AgCl) = - 109.8kJ/mol
The gibbs free energy of the reaction of dissolution of AgCl) :∆ G°rxn:
∆G°rxn = (77.1kJ/mol) – (- 109.8kJ/mol)
55.7kJ/mol
Thus, we found that the ∆G° for the dissolution of AgCL solid is 55.7 kJ/mol.
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1. There are 42 grams of sugar (C12H22O11) in a can of pop (342mL). Use this information (where necessary) to answer the following questions:
a) How many moles of sugar are there in the pop (3 marks)?
b) If a mole of sugar costs 90 cents, what is the value of the sugar in a can of pop (3 marks)?
c) How many particles of sugar are there in the pop (3 marks)?
d) What is the concentration (mol/L) of the sugar in the pop (3 marks)?
1. The mole of sugar in the pop is 0.123 mole
2. The value of the sugar in the pop is 11.07 cents
3. The number of particles of the sugar in the pop is 0.74×10²³ particles
4. The concentration of the sugar in the pop is 0.36 mol/L
1. How to determine the mole of the sugarMass of sugar (C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁) = 42 gMolar mass of sugar (C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁) = 342 g/molMole of sugar (C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁) =?Mole = mass / molar mass
Mole of sugar (C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁) = 42 / 342
Mole of sugar (C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁) = 0.123 mole
2. How to determine the value of the sugarCost per mole = 90 centsCost of 0.123 mole of sugar =?1 mole of sugar = 90 cents
Therefore,
0.123 mole of sugar = 0.123 × 90
0.123 mole of sugar = 11.07 cents
3. How to determine the number of particles of the sugarFrom Avogadro's hypothesis,
1 mole of sugar = 6.02×10²³ particles
Therefore,
0.123 mole of sugar = 0.123 × 6.02×10²³
0.123 mole of sugar = 0.74×10²³ particles
4. How to determine the concentration of the sugarMole of sugar (C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁) = 0.123 moleVolume = 342 mL = 342 / 1000 = 0.342 L Concentration of sugar =?Concentration = mole / Volume
Concentration of sugar = 0.123 / 0.342
Concentration of sugar = 0.36 mol/L
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Based on your experience, which reactions are likely to be self-sustaining? check all that apply. an engine with pistons rising and falling. burning gasoline in a car engine a pan full of eggs floating in water. hard-boiling an egg a space ship launch. thrusting a rocket into space
The reactions which are likely to be self-sustaining from my experience among the choices above is burning gasoline in a car engine a pan full of eggs floating in water
What is self sustaining?Self sustaining simply means a condition in which one is able to continue in a healthy state without an external support outside assistance.
So therefore, the reaction which are likely to be self-sustaining from my experience among the choices above is burning gasoline in a car engine a pan full of eggs floating in water
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Select the correct answer.
Two charged objects, A and B, are exerting an electric force on each other. What will happen if the charge on A is increased?
A. The charge on B will decrease.
B. The charge on B will increase.
C. The electric force between A and B will decrease.
D. The electric force between A and B will increase.
According to Coulomb's law of electrostatic forces, as the charge of a body increases, the force exerted also increases. Hence, The electric force between A and B increases as the charge of A increases.
What is Coulomb's law ?Coulomb's law states that, the electrostatic force between two charges is directly proportional to the magnitude of their charges and inversely proportional to the distance between them.
The mathematical expression for Coulomb's law is written as follows:
F = k q1 q2/r²
where, q1 and q2 be the charges r be the distance between them, k is the proportionality constant.
Therefore, as the charge of A increases, irrespective whether the force is attractive or repelling, the electric force between them A and B increases.
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Write the empirical formula for at least four ionic compounds that could be formed from the following ions:
Answer:
Fe(CN)₂, FeCO₃, Pb(CN)₄, Pb(CO₃)₂
Explanation:
Cations (positively charged ions) can only form ionic bonds with anions (negatively charged ions). However, you can't just simply put one cation and one anion together to form a compound. Each compound needs to been neutral, or have an overall charge of 0. When cations and anions do not have charges that perfectly cancel, you need to modify the amount of each ion in the compound.
1.) Fe(CN)₂
-----> Fe²⁺ and CN⁻
-----> +2 + (-1) + (-1) = 0
2.) FeCO₃
-----> Fe²⁺ and CO₃²⁻
-----> +2 + (-2) = 0
3.) Pb(CN)₄
-----> Pb⁴⁺ and CN⁻
-----> +4 + (-1) + (-1) + (-1) + (-1) = 0
4.) Pb(CO₃)₂
-----> Pb⁴⁺ and CO₃²⁻
-----> +4 +(-2) + (-2) = 0
Determine the name for aqueous H2CO3. carbonous acid dihydrogen carbonate carbonic acid hydrocarbonic acid hydrocarbide acid
The name for aqueous [tex]H_{2} CO_{3}[/tex] is carbonic acid.
So, option C is correct one.
Binary hydrogen compounds with non metals may form H+ (proton) and an anion dissolved in water. The acidic solutions are named as if they were molecular acids , using the usual name for the compound itself , replacing hydrogen with hydro- and suffix -ide with ic. The word acid is then use.
The inorganic acid is an acid drive from one or more inorganic compounds. All inorganic acids form hydrogen ions and the conjugate base ions when dissolved in water.
Example: carbonic acid ( [tex]H_{2} CO_{3}[/tex] )
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What is the process that involves the breaking of intermolecular forces that hold an enzyme into the ordered three dimensional shape?
The process that involves the breaking of intermolecular forces that hold an enzyme is known as denaturation.
What are enzymes?
A substance produced by a living organism which acts as a catalyst to bring about a specific biochemical reaction.Almost all enzymes are proteins. There are some nucleic acids that behave like enzymes. These are called ribozymes. An enzyme like any protein has a primary structure, i.e., amino acid sequence of the protein. An enzyme like any protein has the secondary and the tertiary structure. A tertiary structure that contains the backbone of the protein chain folds upon itself, the chain criss-crosses itself and hence, many crevices or pockets are made. One such pocket is the ‘active site’. An active site of an enzyme is a crevice or pocket into which the substrate fits. Thus enzymes, through their active site, catalyse reactions at a high rate.To learn more about enzymes: https://brainly.com/question/1996362
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How many electrons are present in the nonbonding π molecular orbital of the allyl anion? a. 2 b. 1 c. 3 d. 0
The number of electrons, which are present in the nonbonding π molecular orbital of the allyl anion is "0".
Anions, cations, but also allylic radicals have always been frequently mentioned as reaction intermediates. Each one has three adjacent [tex]sp^{2}[/tex]-hybridized carbon centers, and they all rely on resonance for stability. Two resonance structures would be used to present each species, with the charge as well as unpaired electron scattered across both the 1,3 and 0 positions.
The Aufbau principle states that these orbitals would fill up based on the order of stability, therefore a typical pi bond, will have 2 electrons in the Pi orbital as well as zero in the Pi* orbital.
Therefore, the correct answer will be option (d)
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Which events would likely lead to a reduction in the sea level of Earth’s oceans?
Answer:
A shift in the global hydrologic cycle
Explanation:
During cold-climate intervals, known as glacial epochs or ice ages, sea level falls because of a shift in the global hydrologic cycle: water is evaporated from the oceans and stored on the continents as large ice sheets and expanded ice caps, ice fields, and mountain glaciers.
The hydrological cycle of the earth is the sum total of all processes in which water moves from the land and ocean surface to the atmosphere and back in form of precipitation. The hydrological cycle is dependent on various factors and is equally affected by oceans and land surfaces.
Explain why doesn’t the total pressure increase when more gas is added to the chamber?
Pressure is inversely proportional to volume. Therefore, the effect of pressure change is opposite to the effect of volume change. So when more gas is added to the chamber the total pressure of the chamber doesn't increase.
What are the different relations between pressure and volume?As the volume changes, the concentrations and partial pressures of both reactants and products change. As the volume decreases, the reaction shifts to the reaction side with fewer gas particles.As the volume increases, the reaction shifts to the side of the reaction containing more gas particles. As the pressure increases, the equilibrium shifts towards reactions with fewer moles of gas. As the pressure decreases, the equilibrium shifts to the side of the reaction with higher moles of gas.Moreover, the pressure change in the system due to the addition of the inert gas is not limited to this.To know more about Pressure and Volume visit:
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If the percent yield for the following reaction is 65.0%, how many grams of KClO3 are needed to produce 8.00 g of O2?
Taking into account definition of percent yield, 31.42 grams of KClO₃ are needed to produce 8.00 g of O₂.
Reaction stoichiometryIn first place, the balanced reaction is:
2 KClO₃ → 2 KCl + 3 O₂
By reaction stoichiometry (that is, the relationship between the amount of reagents and products in a chemical reaction), the following amounts of moles of each compound participate in the reaction:
KClO₃: 2 moles KCl: 2 molesO₂: 3 molesThe molar mass of the compounds is:
KClO₃: 122.55 g/moleKCl: 74.55 g/moleO₂: 32 g/moleThen, by reaction stoichiometry, the following mass quantities of each compound participate in the reaction:
KClO₃: 2 moles× 122.55 g/mole= 245.1 gramsKCl: 2 moles× 74.55 g/mole= 149.1 gramsO₂: 3 moles× 32 g/mole= 96 gramsPercent yieldThe percent yield is the ratio of the actual return to the theoretical return expressed as a percentage.
The percent yield is calculated as the experimental yield divided by the theoretical yield multiplied by 100%:
percent yield= (actual yield÷ theorical yield)×100
where the theoretical yield is the amount of product acquired through the complete conversion of all reagents in the final product, that is, it is the maximum amount of product that could be formed from the given amounts of reagents.
Percent yield for the reaction in this caseIn this case, you know:
actual yield= 8 gramstheorical yield= ?percent yield= 65%Replacing in the definition of percent yields:
65= (8 grams÷ theorical yield)×100
Solving:
theorical yield= (8 grams÷ 65)×100
theorical yield= 12.31 grams
Then, this means that you need to find the mass of KClO₃ would theoretically produce 12.31 g of O₂.
Mass of KClO₃ requiredThe following rule of three can be applied: If by reaction stoichiometry 96 grams of O₂ are produced by 245.1 grams of KClO₃, 12.31 grams of O₂ are produced by how much mass of KClO₃?
[tex]mass of KClO_{3} =\frac{12.31 grams of O_{2}x245.1 gramsof KClO_{3} }{96 grams of O_{2}}[/tex]
mass of KClO₃= 31.43 grams
Finally, 31.42 grams of KClO₃ are needed to produce 8.00 g of O₂.
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When 20. 0 g nh3 and 50. 0 g o2 are allowed to react, which is the limiting reagent?
When 20. 0 g NH₃ and 50. 0 g O₂ are allowed to react, NH₃ is the limiting reagent.
What is limiting reagent ?Limiting reagent is defined as that reactant in a chemical reaction which is completely consumed in reaction.
Given,
Mass of NH₃ = 20 g
Mass of O₂ = 50 g
Molecular mass of NH₃ = 14 + 7 = 17 g
Molecular mass of O₂ = 2 × 16 = 32 g
Mole = given mass/ molecular mass
Mole of ammonia = 20/17
= 1.17 mole
Moles of O2 = 50/32
= 1.56 mole
Chemical equation:
4NH₃(g) + 3O₂(g) ⟶ 2N₂(g) +6H₂O
From above reaction it is clear that 4 moles of NH₃ react with 3 moles of oxygen.
So, 1 mole of ammonia react with = 3/4 moles of O₂
= 0.75 moles of O₂
Also, 1.18 moles of ammonia react with
= 1.18 × 0.75
= 0.885 moles of O₂
Thus, from above we concluded that ammonia is completely consumed in reaction. Therefore ammonia is limiting reagent.
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Adding heat to a substance group of answer choices sometimes does not result in a temperature change. always results in a temperature increase. sometimes results in results in a temperature decrease.
Sometimes adding heating of substance set of answer options does not cause a change in temperature. resulting in an increase in temperature every time. results occasionally in a drop in temperature.
A substance's atoms and molecules move more quickly when it is heated. Whether the substance is a solid, liquid, or gas, this occurs. However, the temperature does not always rise when more heating of substance is added. For instance, adding heat to boiling water will not raise its temperature. This occurs when the heating of the substance reaches its boiling point, which is for all vaporizable substances. The average kinetic energy of the molecules will fluctuate when a system gains or loses heat. So long as a phase shift is not taking place, heat transfer causes a change in the system's temperature.
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Which reactant is limiting if you begin with 9. 50 grams of al and 9. 50 grams of o2?
The reactant [tex]O_{2}[/tex] is limiting if we begin with 9. 50 grams of al and 9. 50 grams of [tex]O_{2}[/tex] .
The reactant whose number of moles is present in less quantity is called limiting reactant .
Calculation,
Given mass of Aluminium and oxygen
Mass of Aluminium = 9. 50 grams
and Mass of oxygen = 9. 50 grams
Number of moles of aluminium = given mass / molar mass of aluminium
Number of moles of aluminium = 9. 50 grams/ 26.99 = 0.351 mole
Number of moles of oxygen = given mass / molar mass of oxygen
Number of moles of oxygen = 9. 50 grams/ 31.999 = 0.296 mole
The reactant [tex]O_{2}[/tex] is limiting because oxygen present in less quantity or in limiting quantity and consume rapidly.
Therefor , the reactant [tex]O_{2}[/tex] is limiting if we begin with 9. 50 grams of al and 9. 50 grams of [tex]O_{2}[/tex] .
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Maya prepared 0.50 liters of a solution by dissolving 2.0 moles of an unknown compound in water. What is the molarity of the solution Maya prepared
Answer:
4 M
Explanation:
Molarity can be represented by the following ratio:
Molarity = moles / volume (L)
Since you have been given both the mass and volume, you can plug the values into the equation and solve for molarity.
Molarity = moles / volumes
Molarity = 2.0 moles / 0.50 L
Molarity = 4 M
Now, using your periodic table as a reference, type the symbols for the known elements into their appropriate groups and periods in the modified table below. Note that we’re using the international group numbers (1-18), followed by the American scheme for the A-group elements in parentheses.
The symbols for some known elements using the periodic table are given below
Groups/Period
H
He
Li
Be
B
C
N
O
F
Ne
Na
Mg
Al
SI
P
S
Cl
Ar
K
CA
What is an element?An element is a substance which cannot be split into simpler units by any ordinary chemical process
So therefore, the elements in the periodic table are classified based on their increasing atomic numbers.
The group is vertical representation of the elements
The periods is horizontal arrangements of elements in the periodic table
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Answer:
see attachment
Explanation:
plato users!!
A gas mixture contains ar and h2. what is the total pressure of the mixture, if the mole fraction of h2 is 0. 350 atm and the pressure of h2 is 0. 480 atm?
Considering the Dalton's partial pressure, the total pressure in the mixture of gases is 1.371 atm.
The pressure exerted by a particular gas in a mixture is known as its partial pressure.
So, Dalton's law states that the total pressure of a gas mixture is equal to the sum of the pressures that each gas would exert if it were alone:
[tex]P_{T}[/tex] = [tex]P_{1}+P_{2}+......+P_{n}[/tex]
where n is the amount of gases in the mixture.
Dalton's partial pressure law can also be expressed in terms of the mole fraction of the gas in the mixture. So in a mixture of two or more gases, the partial pressure of gas A can be expressed as:
[tex]P_{A}[/tex] = [tex]X_{a}P_{T}[/tex]
In this case, the partial pressure of gas H₂ can be expressed as:
[tex]P_{H2}[/tex] = [tex]X_{H2} P_{T}[/tex]
You know:
[tex]P_{H2}[/tex] = 0.48 atm
[tex]X_{H2}[/tex] = 0.35
Replacing in the definition of partial pressure of gas H₂:
[tex]0.48atm = 0.35P_{T}[/tex]
Solving:
[tex]P_{T}[/tex] = [tex]\frac{0.48atm}{0.35}[/tex]
[tex]P_{T}[/tex]= 1.371 atm
In summary, the total pressure in the mixture of gases is 1.371 atm.
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48. Which of the following (a) KCI (b) NaCl is called Sylvine? (c) CaCl₂ (d) MgCl₂
Answer:
(a) KCI
sylvine, is potassium chloride (KCl) in natural mineral form
Which salt gives the most basic 0. 1 m solution in water?
a. nacl
b. nano2
c. nh4cl
d. nh4no2
The salt gives the most basic 0. 1 m solution in water is NaNo₂.
What is the base?Basic solutions are those solutions in which the concentration of OH- ion will always be greater as compared to the concentration of H+ ion in the solution.
If the solution is basic so after the dissociation, the formation of a strong base and a weak acid is a must in the solution.
NaNo₂ gets dissociated in water in the form of NaOH and HNO₂ and NaOH is a strong base whereas HNO₂ is a weak acid due to which the solution becomes acidic.
Therefore, salt gives the most basic 0. 1 m solution in water NaNo₂.
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500. ml of a solution containing 1. 5 m nh3(aq) is mixed with 500. ml of a solution containing 0. 50m of hcl(aq). what is the ph of the final solution? (kb(nh3) = 1. 8 x 10-5)
The pH of the solution is determined by the hydrogen ion concentration. The pH of the solution with 1.5 M ammonia and 0.50 M hydrochloric acid is 8.77.
What is pH?The potential of the hydrogen ion in the solution is called pH which determines the basicity and acidity of the solution.
Given,
The molar concentration of 500 mL ammonia = 1.5 M
The molar concentration of 500 mL hydrochloric acid = 0.50 M
Kb (NH₃) = 1. 8 x 10⁻⁵
First, pOH is calculated as,
pOH = pKb + log [NH₃][HCl]
= - log 1. 8 x 10⁻⁵ + log [1.5][0.50]
= - log 1. 8 x 10⁻⁵ + log [3]
= 4.744 + 0.477
= 5.221
Now, pH is calculated from pOH as,
pH = 14 - pOH
= 14 - 5.221
= 8.77
Therefore, 8.77 is the pH.
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Which type of nuclear decay is the radioactive isotope fe2659 likely to undergo?
Beta minus decay will be obtain in the radio-active isotope of Fe-26 power 59.
Whenever there are too many protons or even neutrons in a nucleus, one of the protons and neutrons will turn into the other, which is known as beta decay. During beta minus decay, a neutron transforms into a proton, electron, as well as antineutrino.
[tex]Fe_{26} ^{59}[/tex] → [tex]Co_{27} ^{59} +\beta_{1} ^{0}[/tex]
It can be seen that after the beta minus decay Fe changes into Co.
In beta decay , decrease in atomic number by one unit Fe atom get converted into Co atom.
Neutron-rich nuclei often decay by producing both an electron and an antineutrino.
Therefore, Beta minus decay will be obtain in the radio-active isotope of Fe-26 power 59.
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If 36. 0 ml of 0. 20 m hcl is added to 30. 0 ml of 0. 40 m naoh, what will be the ph of the resulting solution?
The pH of the resulting solution is 2.05
Sodium hydroxide and hydrochloric acid neutralize each other in a 1:1 mole ratio as described by the balanced chemical equation
[tex]NaOH_{(aq)} + HCL_{(aq)}[/tex] → [tex]NaCl_{(aq)} + H_2O_{(aq)}[/tex]
This means that a complete neutralization, which would result in a neutral solution, i.e. a solution that has pH=7 at room temperature, requires equal numbers of moles of sodium hydroxide and hydrochloric acid.
Notice that your two solutions have equal molarities, but that the volume of the hydrochloric acid solution is 1.2 times larger than the volume of the sodium hydroxide solution. This implies that the number of moles of hydrochloric acid is 1.2 times bigger than the number of moles of sodium hydroxide.
This means that after the reaction is complete, you will be left with excess hydrochloric acid → the pH of the resulting solution will be <7.
Now, the number of moles of hydrochloric acid that will not take part in the reaction is given by
= moles of HCL added - moles of NaOH added
= 36 × [tex]\frac{0.100 moles HCL}{10^3 ml}[/tex] - 30 × [tex]\frac{0.100 moles HCL}{10^3 ml}[/tex]
= [tex]\frac{6* 0.100 moles}{10^3}[/tex]
The total volume of the resulting solution will be = ( 30 + 36 ) mL
= 66 mL
Since hydrochloric acid is a strong acid that ionizes in a 1:1 mole ratio to produce hydronium cations, you can say that the concentration of hydronium cations in the resulting solution will be
[tex][ H_3O^+] = \frac{\frac{6*0.100}{10^3} }{66*10^3}[/tex]
[tex][ H_3O^+] = \frac{6*0.100}{66}[/tex]
pH = - log [tex](\frac{6*0.100}{66} )[/tex]
pH = 2.05
Therefore, the pH of the resulting solution is 2.05.
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Draw the alkane formed when 4,5,5‑trimethyl‑1‑hexyne or 4,5,5‑trimethylhex‑1‑yne is treated with two equivalents of hbr.
Answer:
2,2 - dibromo - 4,5,5 - trimethylhexane
Explanation:
When 2 equivalents of HBr are added to 4,5,5‑trimethyl‑1‑hexyne, the alkane (at the top right of the image) is formed. The bromine branches are added to the second carbon because the intermediate carbocations are the most stable on the secondary carbon. Below I have drawn the mechanism.
How many moles of electrons are required to produce 99. 9 g of aluminum metal from a sample of molten aluminum fluoride?
299.7 moles of electrons are required to produce 99. 9 g of aluminum metal from a sample of molten aluminum fluoride.
Calculation,
The production of aluminium metal is given as,
[tex]Al^{+3} + 3e^{-}[/tex]→ [tex]Al[/tex]
The 3 moles of electrons require to produce 1 gm of atom of aluminium ( weight = 27 ) solution fluoride.
The number of moles of electrons are required to produce 99. 9 g of aluminum metal from a sample of molten aluminum fluoride = 3mol×99.9g/1g
The number of moles of electrons are required to produce 99. 9 g of aluminum metal from a sample of molten aluminum fluoride = 299.7 moles
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An electron initially in a 4p state decays to a lower energy state. which energy state is forbidden?
The state of energy that is forbidden is 2p orbital. The correct option is b).
What is the energy state of electrons?The energy state of an electron depends upon the presence of the electron on the orbitals. Lower the energy they will be in the lower orbital. When they get higher energy they move to the higher orbital.
By using the Selection Rules for Electron Transitions
1.) ?l = +/- 1 and
2.) ?m = 0, +/- 1
The conservation of angular momentum is required by these laws. A photon's inherent angular momentum is 1. As 4p is higher than 2p and the electron is lowering its energy. So, it will go down to 2p orbital.
Thus, the correct option is b). 2p orbital.
The question is incomplete. Your full question is given below:
a) 3d
b) 2p
c) 1s
d) 2s
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How many grams of nitrogen gas are formed when 18. 1 g of ammonia is reacted with 90. 4 g of copper(ii) oxide?
10.55 grams of nitrogen gas are formed when 18. 1 g of ammonia is reacted with 90. 4 g of copper(ii) oxide.
What is stoichiometric law?The laws which deals with the composition of substance by mass or his volume are called the laws of stoichiometry.
The laws of stoichiometry are:
Law of conservation of mass Law of definite/constant proportion Law of multiple proportion Law of reciprocal proportions Law of gaseous volumeReaction:
3CuO + 2NH₃ → N₂ + 3 Cu + 3 H₂O
n(CuO) = m(CuO) / 64 + 16 = 90.4 / 80 = 1.13 mol (molar mass of CuO = 90.4)
n(NH₃) = m(NH₃) / 14+3 = 18.1 / 17= 1.065mol (molar mass of NH₃ = 18)
For 1.065 mol of NH3 undergoing the reaction, 3/2 times larger amount of CuO is needed.
CuO is 1.6 mol but it's only 1.13 of it so CuO is a limiting reactant, we must count stoichiometry by amount of this reactant.
n(CuO) = 1.13 mol,
n(N₂) = n(CuO) / 3 = 1.13 / 3 = 0.376 mol
m(N₂) = 0.376 x 28 = 10.55 grams
10.55 grams of nitrogen gas are formed when 18. 1 g of ammonia is reacted with 90. 4 g of copper(ii) oxide.
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Compared to a solution with a ph value of 7, a solution with a thousand times greater hydronium ion concentration has a ph value of.
Answer:
pH of 4
Explanation:
Upon comparing a solution with a pH value of 4 and that having a pH of 7, you will realize that it has a pH difference of 3 although the concentration of ions of hydrogen having a pH of 7 is 1000 times greater than being at a pH of 4.
As water freezes, ________. its hydrogen bonds break apartit loses its polarityit cools the surrounding environmentits molecules move farther apart.
The molecules of water move farther apart upon freezing.
Molecules are the compounds formed by the combination of one or more atoms by certain chemical bonds. Each molecule has distinctive physical and chemical properties.
Water is also a molecule consisting of two H atoms and one O atom. Its physical state in nature is liquid. The atoms present inside water are joined together by the hydrogen bonding. Upon freezing, water molecules start forming more hydrogen bonds with the molecules present in their neighborhood. This makes them to move farther and spread apart. This also marks the reason for ice being denser than water.
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