The molecules can be a reactant in a Friedel-crafts reaction will be aniline .
The Lewis acid as well as the chlorine atom of such acid chloride form a complex during the Friedel-Crafts acylation reaction. Cleaving the complex's C-Cl link produces an acylium ion. The acylium ion undergoes resonance stabilized but also has a positive electrical charge upon that carbon atom.
The Friedel-Crafts alkylation reaction, an electrophilic aromatic substitution process, may add an alkyl to a benzene molecule. One illustration is the insertion of a methyl group into a benzene ring.
Therefore, the molecules can be a reactant in a Friedel-crafts reaction will be aniline .
Hence, the correct answer will be option (a)
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In addition to the use of complex metal hydrides, what other reaction can be used to reduce aldehydes and ketones to alcohols?
The reaction with H₂ & Raney Ni (Catalytic Hydrogenation) can be used to reduce aldehydes and ketones to alcohols.
What is Aldehyde ?An Aldehyde is a functional group which contains the carbonyl group that is -C = O. The structural formula for aldehyde is RCHO.
Reaction of Aldehyde with H₂ & Raney Ni gives Primary alcohol
RCHO + H₂ & Raney Ni → RCH₂OH
What is Ketone ?A Ketone is a functional group which contains the carbonyl group that is -C = O. The structural formula for ketone is RCOR.
Reaction of Ketone with H₂ & Raney Ni gives Secondary alcohol
RCOR + H₂ & Raney Ni → RCH(OH)R
Thus from the above conclusion we can say that The reaction with H₂ , Raney Ni can be used to reduce aldehydes and ketones to alcohols.
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What was the average molarity of the sodium hydroxide solution obtained from your two fine titrations?
Divide the number of moles of NaOH by the number of liters of NaOH solution needed to reach the titration's endpoint to determine the molarity of the NaOH solution.
"The process of calculating the quantity of a material A by adding measured increments of substance B, the titrant, with which it reacts until exact chemical equivalency is obtained (the equivalence point)" is the definition of titration.
Titration is a method of chemical analysis where the amount of a sample's ingredient is determined by adding an exact known amount of a different substance to the measured sample in which the desired constituent interacts in a specific, known proportion.
The equivalence point, or the point at which chemically equivalent amounts of the reactants have been combined, is to be detected by the titration. The stoichiometry of the reaction determines how many reactants have been combined at the equivalence point.
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The burning characteristics of a gasoline can be improved by converting the octane it contains into isooctane. This conversion requires the use of expensive catalysts such as?
Gasoline is refined petroleum used in engines as a fuel. It contains octane that can be converted to isooctane by adding catalysts like platinum and palladium.
What are catalysts?Catalysts are substances that raise the reaction rate by decreasing the activation energy but do not get consumed themselves in a reaction.
Platinum and palladium metals can be used as a catalyst to convert the octane of the gasoline into isooctane as they are oxidation catalyst that converts the fuel components into water and carbon dioxide.
Therefore, platinum and palladium are used as catalysts in converting octane.
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Explain why a glucose test strip may be used to determine the enzymatic activity of lactase
The glucose test strip may be used in the determination of the enzymatic activity of lactase
Since measuring the amount of generated glucose shows that the enzymes are actually converting the disaccharide into galactose and glucose, the glucose test strip can be used to determine the enzymatic activity of lactase.
As a byproduct of lactase hydrolysis, glucose serves as a direct indicator of the amount of lactase that has been reacted. Utilizing test strips that gauge the amount of glucose present in the reaction mixture, you can keep an eye on the enzyme activity.
An artificial substrate for lactase is hydrolyzed to extract lactase from dietary supplement tablets, which is then measured using a colorimetric assay (ortho-nitrophenol-beta-D-galactopyranoside, ONPG)
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15 POINTS!! does anyone know the answer to this? is it A?
GIVING BRAINLIEST TO THE BEST EXPLANATION!!
Answer:
b.2
Explanation:
Answer:
Mole fraction of water(H₂O) is 0.5 and the mole fraction of CH₃OH(Methanol) is 0.5.
Explanation:
Greetings !
The molecular weight of CH₃OH(Methanol)=32g/mol
The number of moles of CH₃OH=
[tex] \frac{128g}{32g/mol} [/tex]
=4moles
The molecular weight of water H₂O =18g/mol
The number of moles of=
[tex] \frac{72g}{18g/mol} [/tex]
=4moles
Total number of moles in the solution =4mol + 4mol
=8mol
Mole fraction Methanol CH₃OH=
[tex] \frac{4mol}{8mol} [/tex]
=0.5mol
Hope it helps!
What is the molar solubility of agcl in 0. 30 m nacl at 25°C. ksp for agcl is 1. 77 × 10^-10.
Molar solubility of AgCl will be 0.59 × [tex]10^{-10}[/tex] M.
The amount of a chemical that can dissolve in one liter of a solution before reaching saturation is known as its molar solubility. This implies that the quantity of a substance it can disintegrate in a solution even before the solution becomes saturated with that particular substance is determined by its molar solubility.
A compound's molar solubility would be the measure of how many moles of such a compound must dissolve to produce one liter of saturated solution. The molar solubility unit will be mol L-1.
Calculation of molar solubility:
Given data:
M = 0.30 M
[tex]K_{sp}[/tex] = 1.77 × [tex]10^{-10}[/tex]
The reaction can be written as:
AgCl ⇔ [tex]Ag^{+} + Cl^{-}[/tex]
s s (s+0.30)
[tex]K_{sp}[/tex] = [[tex]Ag^{+}[/tex] ]+ [[tex]Cl^{-}[/tex]]
1.77 × [tex]10^{-10}[/tex] = s (0.30)
s = 1.77 × [tex]10^{-10}[/tex] / 0.3
s = 0.59 × [tex]10^{-10}[/tex] M
Therefore, molar solubility of AgCl will be 0.59 × [tex]10^{-10}[/tex] M.
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How many grams of pbcl2 are formed when 50. 0 ml of 0. 336 m kcl react with pb(no3)2?
2kcl(aq) pb(no3)2(aq) → 2kno3(aq) pbcl2(s)
2.3352 g of PbCl₂ are formed when 50. 0 ml of 0. 336 m KCl react with pb(no3)2.
The balanced equation for the above double displacement reaction is as follows;
2KCl + Pb(NO₃)₂ ---> PbCl₂ + 2KNO₃
Stoichiometry of KCl to PbCl₂ is 2:1
This means that 2 mol of KCl would react with every 1 mol of PbCl₂
The molarity of KCl = 0. 336 M
in 1 L of KCl, there are mol
Therefore in 50. 0 ml of KCl, there are= [tex]\frac{0. 336 * 50}{1000}[/tex]
Number of KCl moles reacted = 0.0168 mol
according to stoichiometry
number of PbCl₂ moles formed = 1/2 x number of KCl moles reacted
Therefore number of PbCl₂ moles formed = 0.0168 mol/2 = 0.0084 mol
molar mass of PbCl₂ = 278 g/mol
mass of PbCl₂ formed = 278 g/mol x 0.0084 mol = 2.3352 g
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A voltaic cell has a zinc anode and a copper cathode. They are connected by a wire but no salt bridge. What can you predict will happen? A. Without a salt bridge to slow it down the reaction will occur faster than normal. B. The electrons will flow to the zinc anode where a negative charge will build up and eventually halt the reaction. C. None of these D. The electrons will flow to the copper cathode where a negative charge will build up and eventually halt the reaction.
The prediction is that B. The electrons will flow to the zinc anode where a negative charge will build up and eventually halt the reaction.
What is zinc?This is known as a chemical element, of the periodic table, that is essential to life and is one of the most widely used metals. Zinc is of considerable commercial importance.
Without the salt bridge, positive and negative charges will build up around the electrodes causing the reaction to stop.
Hence, we know that the purpose of the salt bridge is to keep the solutions electrically neutral and allow the free flow of ions from one cell to another.
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Unless otherwise instructed, you may use the periodic table in the Chemistry: Problems and Solutions
book for this test.
Which statement is true about elements in a period on the periodic table?
O They have different properties that show no pattern.
O They have different properties that repeat across the next period.
O They have similar names.
O They have similar properties.
Elements in a period on the periodic table have different properties that repeat across the next period.
Why do properties change across a period?
In a period, on moving from left to right across a period,number of valence electrons in the valence shell goes on increasing as electrons are added to the same shell.
Across a period as no new valence shell is added the elements in a period, have different valence electrons and hence different properties.
Elements belonging to the same group have same number of valence electrons because in a group in every successive element a new shell is added,valence electrons present in which remain the same and hence their properties are similar.
As the elements are arranged in a way such that their properties are repeated at regular intervals,elements in a period have different properties which repeat across the next period.
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One means of enriching the percentage of uranium-235 for use as nuclear fuel is _____. group of answer choices
Uranium,means of enriching the percentage of uranium-235 for use as nuclear fuel. The most popular fuel for nuclear fission in nuclear power plants is uranium. A specific variety of uranium, U-235, is used as fuel in nuclear power reactors because its atoms are simple to separate.
U-235, which makes up little over 0.7% of natural uranium while being nearly 100 times more prevalent than silver, is relatively uncommon.Commercially, the U235 isotope is processed further to produce nuclear fuel after being enriched to 3 to 5% (from its native form of 0.7%).
Uranium oxide is transformed at the conversion facility into uranium hexafluoride (UF6), which can then be used in enrichment facilities. Low enriched uranium (LEU) fuel, which is used in the majority of nuclear power plants' light water reactors, can be replaced by MOX fuel.
The most popular fuel for nuclear fission in nuclear power plants is uranium. A specific variety of uranium, U-235, is used as fuel in nuclear power reactors because its atoms are simple to separate. U-235, which makes up little over 0.7% of natural uranium while being nearly 100 times more prevalent than silver, is relatively uncommon.
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________ is dissolved in water to make the solution sold commercially as rubbing alcohol.
Answer:
Isopropyl alcohol or Propan-2-ol
Explanation:
Hope it helps!
Sodium and bromine form an ionic bond. The resulting compound, sodium bromide, is held together because...
Select one:
a. oppositely charged ions attract.
b. electrons are shared.
c. protons stay in the nucleus.
d. positively charged ions attract.
[tex] {\qquad\qquad\huge\underline{{\sf Answer}}} [/tex]
Sodium is a highly reactive alkali metal and it looses an electron to gain a positive charge on it and bromine is a halogen that is highly resctive as well and it gains a negative charge by doing so.
And hence they form ionic bond, and the compound is held together by the attraction between the two charged ions.
So, correct choice is : A. oppositely charged ion attract.
The compound
is classified as a
Explanation:
secondary amine bro go leaen
How many photons will be required to raise the temperature of 2. 1 gg of water by 1. 7 kk ?
The photon which is required to raise the temperature of 2.1 gm of water by 1.7 kk is 2.16 x [tex]10^{20} photons[/tex]
Given the following data:
Mass of water = [tex]2.1 gm[/tex]
Change in temperature = [tex]1.7 Kelvin[/tex]
Wavelength of infrared = [tex]2.9[/tex] х [tex]10^{-4} cm[/tex]
Specific heat capacity of water = 4.18 J/g°K.
Conversion:
100 cm = 1 m
[tex]2.9 X 10^{-4} cm = 2.9 X 10^{-6}[/tex]
To find the amount of photons required to raise the temperature of 2.1 g of water:
First of all, we would determine the quantity of energy required to raise the temperature of water:
Mathematically, quantity of energy is given by the formula;
[tex]Q = mc[/tex]θ
Where:
Q represents the quantity of energy.
m represents the mass of an object.
c represents the specific heat capacity.
∅ represents the change in temperature.
Substituting the given parameters into the formula, we have;
[tex]Q = 2.1(4.18)(1.7)\\\\Q = 14.92 Joules[/tex]
Mathematically, the Planck-Einstein relation is given by the formula:
[tex]E = hf[/tex]
Where:
h is Planck constant.
f is photon frequency.
To find the photon frequency, we would use this formula:
[tex]Photon frequency = \frac{speed}{wavelength} \\\\Photon frequency = \frac{3(10^{8} )}{2.9(10^{-6} )}\\ \\Photon frequency = \frac{300000000}{0.0000029}\\ \\Photon frequency = 1.04 X 10^{14} Hz[/tex]
Applying Planck-Einstein's relation, we would determine the energy required by each of photon:
[tex]E = 6.626[/tex] х [tex]10^{-34}[/tex] х [tex]1.04[/tex] х [tex]10^{14}[/tex]
[tex]E= 6.89[/tex] х [tex]10^{-20} Joules[/tex]
Now, we can calculate the amount of photons required to raise the temperature of 2.1 g of water by using this expression:
[tex]Number of photons = \frac{Q}{E} \\\\Number of photons = \frac{14.92}{6.89(10^{-20} )}\\ \\Number of photons = 2.16 X 10^{20} photons[/tex]
Disclaimer: Given Question is incomplete, please find the correct question:
Water is exposed to infrared radiation of wavelength 2.9x10-4 cm. Assume that all the radiation is absorbed and converted to heat. How many photons will be required to raise the temperature of 2.1 g of water by 1.7 K? Express your answer using two significant figures.
Thus the concluded that number of photon is 2.16 x [tex]10^{20}[/tex] photons.
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Benzene is often produced as a side product during grignard reactions using phenylmagnesium bromide. how can its formation be explained? give a balanced equation for its formation
Benzene is produced as a side product when water react with phenyl magnesium bromide during Grignard reactions.
What is Grignard Reaction ?The Grignard reaction involves an R-Mg-X, a carbon chain bound to a magnesium halide, used to form alcohols by attacking carbonyls such as in aldehydes or ketones.
Here R act as a nucleophile and Mg-X act as a electrophile. Instead of attacking carbonyl, which is present in the reaction, the benzene ring will attack water molecules present around, grabbing a H⁺ and pushing away MgBr .
The required reaction is :
PhMgBr + H₂O → Ph-H + MgBrOH
Thus from the above conclusion we can say that it is always advised to use dry Grignard to avoid this reaction.
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Dosage calculation order: 3 mg available: 2 mg per 6 ml how many ml will be given?
9ml will be given for the case of dosage calculation order: 3 mg available: 2 mg per 6 ml
Conversion factors are necessary for dosage calculation, such as when translating from pounds to kilograms or liters to milliliters. This approach, which is straightforward in design, enables physicians to deal with different units of measurement and convert factors to arrive at the solution.
dosage calculation techniques serve as a second or third check on the accuracy of the previous computation techniques. Dimensional Analysis, Ratio Proportion, and Formula or Desired Over Have Method are the three main approaches for dosage calculation. dosage calculations are frequently prescribed and labeled based on their weight or, for solutions, their strength, which is the amount of weight dissolved or suspended in a given volume.
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Which pair of aqueous solutions can create a buffer solution if present in the appropriate concentrations?.
HF and NaF - If the right concentrations of aqueous solutions are present, they can produce a buffer solution.
What are buffer solutions and how do they differ?The two main categories of buffers are acidic buffer solutions and alkaline buffer solutions. Acidic buffers are solutions that contain a weak acid and one of its salts and have a pH below 7. For instance, a buffer solution with a pH of roughly 4.75 is made of acetic acid and sodium acetate.Describe buffer solution via an example.When a weak acid or a weak base is applied in modest amounts, buffer solutions withstand the pH shift. A buffer made of a weak acid and its salt is an example. It is a solution of acetic acid and sodium acetate CH3COOH + CH3COONa.learn more about buffer solutions here
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The discreteness of energy levels is best understood by considering the electrons to be?
The discreteness of energy levels is best understood by considering the electrons to be wave like.
This above can be explained on the basis of bohr model and wave mechanical theory.
According to bohr's atomic model, the angular momentum of electron orbiting around the nucleus is an integral multiple of h/2π.
The electron in the atom moving around the nucleus of an atom. The wave mechanical theory proposes that each electron revolving an atom's nucleus occupies a specific orbital and spins in a certain direction, but the orbitals is like a wave of energy.
The wave mechanical model proposed that the electron acts like particles as well as wave of energy. According to the field around, the electron changes there path and they start moving very fast act like wave of energy and hence they are not in place during any particular time.
Thus we concluded that electron revolve around central nucleus at such high speed that they act like wave of energy.
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The chance of recurrence of a polygenic trait based on its known incidence in a particular population refers to _____.
The chance of recurrence of a polygenic trait based on its known incidence in a particular population refers to continuous variation
Polygenic is a trait that is controlled by a group of non-allelic genes. For example, humans can be many different sizes. Height is a polygenic trait, controlled by at least three genes with six alleles. If you are dominant for all of the alleles for height, then you will be very tall. Skin color is also a polygenic trait, as are hair and eye color. A trait that is controlled by a group of non-allelic genes.
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Using 1h nmr spectroscopy, how can you tell the difference between an aldehyde and a ketone?.
Using 1h nmr spectroscopy, the difference between an aldehyde and a ketone is predicted as an aldehyde contains two C-H stretches ranging between 2700-2850 cm⁻¹.
What is spectroscopy?Spectroscopy is the study of how light as well as other radiation are absorbed and emitted by materials, and how this depends just on wavelength of that radiation.
Some characteristics of spectroscopy are-
The study of interactions between particles like electrons, protons, and ions as well as their interactions with some other elements as a result of their collision energy has been added to the term more recently.The most fundamental physics theories, such as quantum theory, both special and general theories of relativity, including quantum electrodynamics, have all benefited greatly by spectroscopic analysis. Scientific comprehension of the electromagnetic force together with the strong and weak nuclear forces has been greatly aided by the use of spectroscopy in high-energy collisions.Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), a medical procedure, uses radio-frequency spectroscopy on nuclei in a magnetic field to produce images of the inside soft tissues of the body with unparalleled resolution.To know more about the spectroscopy, here
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A piece of wood near a fire is at 23°c. it gains 1,160 joules of heat from the fire and reaches a temperature of 42°c. the specific heat capacity of wood is 1.716 joules/gram degree celsius. what is the mass of the piece of wood?
The mass of the piece of wood is 35.58 g.
Joule = M × T × C
Where, M = mass
T = change in temperature(42C-23C=19 C)
C = specific heat capacity = 1.716 joules/gram
Substituting the values in the equation,
1160 = M × 19 × 1.716
M = 1160/32.604 = 35.58 g
Therefore, the mass of the piece of wood = 35.58 g
What is meant by specific heat capacity?A material's specific heat capacity, which is defined as its heat capacity divided by its mass, determines how much energy is required to increase a gram's temperature by one degree Celsius (or one Kelvin)
What is mass?Mass is the quantity of matter in a physical body.
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O.25 moles of SO₂ will contain
A.2.5055*10^23
B.1.5055*10^23
C.3.5055*10^23
D.4.5055*10^23
Explanation:
number of mole s of H
2
= 0.25 moles
number of molecules = moles * Avogadro’s Number
number of molecules = 0.25×(6.022×10
23
)
number of molecules = 1.505×10
23
single molecule of hydrogen contains two H-atoms. So,
number of atoms = 2×(1.505×10
23
) = 3.01×10
23
The empirical formula of the sugar glucose is ch2o. if the relative molecular mass of glucose is measured to be 180.16 g/mol then what is the molecular formula for glucose?
Answer:
18016
Explanation:
(empirical formula)n=molar mass
Answer: C_6 H_12 O_6
Explanation: The molar mass of glucose is given as 180.16 gm/mol.
It is 40% carbon, so the weight of the carbon is 40% of 180.16 =72.06 gm. The molar weight of the carbon is 12.011 gm, so the total number of the moles of carbon are 72.06/12.011 = 6 moles.
It is 6.719% of hydrogen, so the weight of the hydrogen is 6.719% of 180.16 = 12.105 gm. The molar weight of the hydrogen is 1.008 gm, so the total number of the moles of hydrogen are 12.105/1.008 = 12 moles.
It is 53.27% of oxygen, so the weight of the oxygen is 53.27% of 180.16 = 95.97 gm. The molar weight of the oxygen is 16 gm, so the total number of the moles of oxygen are 95.97/16 = 6 moles.
C2h6(g) o2(g)→ express your answer as a chemical equation. identify all of the phases in your answer
Answer: 2 C2H6(g) + 7 O2(g) → 4 CO2(g) + 6 H2O(g)
Explanation:
Apologies for the error. Let me provide the correct balanced equation for the combustion of C2H6 (ethane) and address your additional question:
1. Combustion of Ethane (C2H6):
C2H6(g) + 3.5 O2(g) → 2 CO2(g) + 3 H2O(g)
To remove the half-coefficient, you can multiply the entire equation by 2:
2 C2H6(g) + 7 O2(g) → 4 CO2(g) + 6 H2O(g)
2. Combustion of Propane (C3H8):
C3H8(g) + 5 O2(g) → 3 CO2(g) + 4 H2O(g)
3. Combustion of Butane (C4H10):
C4H10(g) + 6.5 O2(g) → 4 CO2(g) + 5 H2O(g)
In all these reactions, the hydrocarbon (ethane, propane, butane) reacts with oxygen gas (O2) to produce carbon dioxide (CO2) and water (H2O).2C2H6(g)+7O2(g)→4CO2(g)+6H2O(g)
Small, non-polar molecules exhibit a higher rate of diffusion than large, charged ones.
a. true
b. false
Is it possible for the entropy of both a closed system and its surroundings to decrease during the process?
Only when heat is transferred from the system to its surroundings does a closed system suffer a decrease in entropy.
Only when heat is transferred from the system to its surroundings does a closed system suffer a decrease in entropy. Every internally reversible operation in a closed system generates entropy. Entropy remains constant in an adiabatic and internally reversible process of a closed system. Isolated systems' entropy cannot diminish.
When a system is not isolated but is in contact with its surroundings, the entropy of the open system may drop, requiring a balancing rise in the entropy of the surroundings. During a process, the entropy of an isolated system constantly increases, or in the case of a reversible process, remains constant (it never decreases).
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What is the ph of a 2. 3 m solution of the weak acid h2s, with a ka of 1. 19×10−7? the equilibrium expression is: h2s(aq) h2o(l)⇋h3o (aq) hs−(aq)
The equilibrium expression is:
H2S (aq) + H2O (l) ⇋ H3O (aq) + HS (aq)
In order to calculate the pH of equation having aqueous solution of weak acid H2S, let’s assume that molar concentration of the products H3O and HS total released is ‘a’. Now as per given information concentration of weak acid H2S is 2.3 M. Thereby,
Ka = [H3O+] [HS] / [H2S]
1.19 x 10-7 = [a] * [a] / [2.3]
a2 = 1.19 x 10-7 x 2.3
a = 5.24 x 10-4
As per the calculation, the total concentration of the products released (HS) and (H3O) will be 5.24 x 10-4, on that basis, the pH of the weak acid (H2S) can be calculated as follows:
-log (0.000522494) = 3.28
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Which state of matter is being described below? it cannot be squashed easily, spreads out slowly, is of medium density
Answer:
The correct answer, I think it's liquid
Answer:
I believe that it's liquid
What is the maximum number of moles of so3 that can be produced by the reaction of 2. 0 mol of s with of o2?
The maximum number of moles of SO₃ that can be produced by the reaction of 2.0 mol of S with of O₂ will be 2, two moles.
What are moles?Moles are the quantity of a material in per unit of solution. It is the SI unit of amount of a substance. The moles can be calculated by dividing the molecular weight of an object with the molecular mass of the substance.
The balanced reaction is
2SO₂ +O₂ →2SO₃
The ratio is 2:1
So if 2.0 mol of sulfur will reaction with 1 mole of oxygen there will be 2 moles of SO₃. The reaction clears the moles of SO₃ in the reaction.
Thus, maximum number of moles of SO₃ will be 2.
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0. 102 g of an unknown compound dissolved in 100. Ml of water has an osmotic pressure of 28. 1 mmhg at 20°c. Calculate the molar mass of the compound.
The molar mass of the compound is 68 g/mol.
What is the molar mass?The Osmotic pressure can be obtained from the relationship;
π= iCRT
π= osmotic pressure = 28.1 mmHg or 0.037 atm
i = Vant Hoff factor = 1
C = concentration = ?
R = gas constant = 0.082 atmLK-1Mol
T = temperature = 20°c + 273 = 293 K
C = π/iRT
C = 0.037/1 * 0.082 * 293
C = 0.0015 M
Now;
Number of moles = C/V = 0.0015/100 * 10^-3
= 0.015 moles
Number of moles = mass/molar mass
Molar mass = mass/Number of moles = 0. 102 g/ 0.015 moles = 68 g/mol
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