The correct answer is:d. growth in the quantity of money in the economy
Inflation refers to a sustained increase in the general price level of goods and services in an economy over time. While various factors can contribute to inflation, one of the significant causes is the growth in the quantity of money in the economy. When there is an increase in the money supply without a corresponding increase in the production of goods and services, it leads to an excess supply of money relative to available goods and services. This excess money then drives up the prices of goods and services, resulting in inflation.
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According to Lisa Peskin, CEO of Business Development University and featured professional in the Video Ride-Along in Chapter 8, which of the following is false about prospecting?
Group of answer choices
a. Cold calling is one method of prospecting
b. Identifying your ideal target customer helps lead you to good prospective customers.
c. Networking is one of the best ways of prospecting.
d. Advertising is one of the best ways of prospecting.
e. Networking is not an effective method of prospecting because your network doesn’t care about your success.
The false statement about prospecting according to Lisa Peskin is: e. Networking is not an effective method of prospecting because your network doesn’t care about your success.
Networking refers to the process of establishing and nurturing relationships with other individuals or professionals for the purpose of mutual support, collaboration, and business opportunities. It involves creating and expanding a network of contacts who can provide information, advice, referrals, and resources that can be beneficial to one's personal or professional goals.
Networking is actually considered one of the best ways of prospecting. Building and nurturing relationships through networking can lead to valuable referrals and connections with potential customers. Effective networking involves cultivating mutually beneficial relationships where both parties can support and help each other's success.
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A firm’s weighted average cost of capital is dependent on several factors. Summarize any THREE (3) factors that may affect a firm’s WACC. (9 marks) $ Debt 250 000 Preferred Stock 300 000 Ordinary shares 450 000 1 000 000 B. Describe TWO (2) uses of the cost of capital using appropriate examples. (4 marks) C. Calculate the weighted average cost of capital for this firm. (8 marks) D. Analyze the impacts of the following issues on financial management, using appropriate examples: i. Trade barriers on Capital movement (3 marks) ii. Regulations on money laundering (3 marks) iii. Ethical conducts of financial institutions
Factors that may affect a firm's weighted average cost of capital (WACC) include:
Capital structure: The proportion of debt, preferred stock, and ordinary shares in a firm's capital structure can impact its WACC. Higher levels of debt generally result in a lower WACC due to the tax advantages of debt, while a higher proportion of equity may lead to a higher WACC.
Risk and uncertainty: The risk associated with a firm's operations, industry, and overall market conditions can influence its WACC. Higher-risk investments typically require a higher expected return, which increases the cost of capital and the WACC.
Market conditions: Factors such as interest rates, inflation, and the overall state of the economy can affect a firm's WACC. Changes in market conditions can impact the cost of debt and equity, leading to fluctuations in the WACC.
Two uses of the cost of capital include:
Investment decision-making: The cost of capital is used to evaluate investment opportunities and determine the viability of potential projects. By comparing the expected return on an investment to the cost of capital, a firm can assess whether the project will generate sufficient returns to cover its financing costs.
Performance evaluation: The cost of capital is also used to assess the financial performance of a firm. By comparing the actual return on investment to the cost of capital, management can gauge whether the firm is generating value for its shareholders.
If the return on investment exceeds the cost of capital, it indicates positive value creation, while a return below the cost of capital suggests value destruction.
To calculate the weighted average cost of capital (WACC) for the given firm, we need to consider the weights and costs of each component of capital. Let's assume the cost of debt is 5%, the cost of preferred stock is 7%, and the cost of equity is 10%.
First, we calculate the weighted proportion of each component:
Weight of Debt = Debt / Total Capital = $250,000 / $1,000,000 = 0.25
Weight of Preferred Stock = Preferred Stock / Total Capital = $300,000 / $1,000,000 = 0.3
Weight of Equity = Ordinary Shares / Total Capital = $450,000 / $1,000,000 = 0.45
Next, we calculate the weighted cost of each component:
Weighted Cost of Debt = Weight of Debt * Cost of Debt = 0.25 * 0.05 = 0.0125
Weighted Cost of Preferred Stock = Weight of Preferred Stock * Cost of Preferred Stock = 0.3 * 0.07 = 0.021
Weighted Cost of Equity = Weight of Equity * Cost of Equity = 0.45 * 0.1 = 0.045
Finally, we sum up the weighted costs of each component to calculate the WACC:
WACC = Weighted Cost of Debt + Weighted Cost of Preferred Stock + Weighted Cost of Equity
= 0.0125 + 0.021 + 0.045
= 0.0785 or 7.85%
Therefore, the weighted average cost of capital (WACC) for this firm is 7.85%.
Regarding the impacts of the provided issues on financial management:
i. Trade barriers on capital movement can restrict the flow of funds across borders, affecting financial management. For example, capital controls imposed by a country may limit foreign investments or repatriation of profits, influencing a firm's international expansion strategies and capital allocation decisions.
ii. Regulations on money laundering impose compliance requirements on financial institutions, impacting their operations and risk management practices. Financial institutions must implement measures to prevent money laundering, such as customer due diligence and transaction monitoring. Failure to comply
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24. Let i be the rate of inflation and r the nominal interest rate. (We used pi to denote the rate of inflation in the book.) The (exact) real rate of interest is given by a. (r−i)/(i+1). b. (r+i)/(i+1). c. (r+i)/(i−1). d. (r−i)/(i−1). e. r−i/r.
The (exact) real rate of interest is given by the formula (r−i)/(1+i), where "r" represents the nominal interest rate and "i" represents the rate of inflation. So, correct option is A.
This formula takes into account the impact of inflation on the purchasing power of money.
To understand why this formula is used, let's break it down. The numerator (r−i) represents the difference between the nominal interest rate and the inflation rate.
This difference reflects the additional compensation investors receive for lending or investing their money in an inflationary environment. By subtracting the inflation rate, we are effectively adjusting the nominal interest rate for the eroding effect of inflation.
The denominator (1+i) represents the adjustment for the change in purchasing power due to inflation. Adding 1 to the inflation rate accounts for the fact that the original amount invested needs to be increased by the inflation rate to maintain the same purchasing power.
Dividing (r−i) by (1+i) provides the real rate of interest, which represents the actual return on investment after adjusting for inflation. Therefore, the correct answer is (r−i)/(1+i), option a.
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in 2010, per capita real gross domestic product (gdp) in germany was $40,197.67. by 2011, it had increased to $43,741.55. at what rate did germany’s economy grow in that time?
Germany's economy grew by approximately 8.81% from 2010 to 2011.
In 2010, per capita, real gross domestic product (GDP) in Germany was $40,197.67. By 2011, it had increased to $43,741.55. To calculate the rate at which Germany's economy increased, we will use the percentage change formula:
Percentage change = (final value - initial value) / initial value × 100
Substituting the values gives:
Percentage change = ($43,741.55 - $40,197.67) / $40,197.67 × 100
Percentage change = $3,543.88 / $40,197.67 × 100
Percentage change ≈ 8.81%
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Discussion Prompt
Assume that you are one of FET’s senior executives whose annual salary is based on the performance of the firm’s common stock. You realize that if FET recalls the affected micro system, the stock price will suffer; thus, your salary for the year will be less than you expected. To complicate matters, you just purchased an expensive house based on your salary expectations for the next few years—expectations that will not be realized unless the new micro system is a success for FET.
As one of the senior executives, you will help determine what course of action FET will follow with respect to the micro system.
Q: What should you do? Should you encourage FET to recall the micro system until further testing is completed? Or can you suggest another course of action?
The senior executive should prioritize the welfare and satisfaction of the customers. Encouraging FET to recall the micro system until further testing is completed is the ethical course of action, ensuring customer safety and satisfaction in the long run, even if it temporarily affects the stock price.
The executive can explore alternative strategies such as communicating transparently with shareholders and investors, implementing remedial measures, and developing improved versions of the micro system to regain market trust and maintain long-term profitability.
As a senior executive, it is crucial to prioritize the well-being and satisfaction of the customers. By encouraging FET to recall the micro system until further testing is completed, you demonstrate a commitment to customer safety and satisfaction in the long term. This decision may temporarily impact the stock price and your salary expectations, but it ensures that FET maintains its integrity and credibility. It also mitigates the risk of potential harm to customers and potential lawsuits.
In addition to the recall, you can suggest implementing transparent communication with shareholders and investors, explaining the situation and the steps being taken to address the issue. This can help maintain their trust and confidence in the company. You can also work on implementing remedial measures, such as offering refunds or replacements to affected customers, to show FET's commitment to customer satisfaction.
Furthermore, you can propose that FET focuses on developing improved versions of the micro system, incorporating the lessons learned from the recall and testing phase. By demonstrating a commitment to continuous improvement, FET can regain market trust, attract new customers, and maintain long-term profitability.
While the decision to recall the micro system may have short-term consequences, prioritizing customer safety and satisfaction is essential for the reputation and success of the company in the long run.
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A firm considers buying a new machine whose expected lifetime is 6 years. The cost of the machine is $ 3 000 000 which is paid in 2020. The expected cash flows of this investment are as follows:
2021: $ 700 000
2022: $ 800 000
2023: $ 1 200 000
2024: $ 1 300 000
2025: $ 900 000
2026: $ 600 000
a)Find the net present value of this investment using a discount rate of 18%
b)Should the firm accept or reject this investment (write accept or reject as your answer)?
c)What is the expected contribution of that investment to the value of the firm (give a numerical answer)?
a) The net present value of the investment using a discount rate of 18% is $315,870.14.
b) Since the net present value is positive, the firm should accept the investment.
c) The expected contribution of the investment to the value of the firm is equal to its net present value, which is $315,870.14.
a) To calculate the net present value (NPV) of the investment, we use the formula NPV = CF1 / (1+r)^1 + CF2 / (1+r)^2 + CF3 / (1+r)^3 + ... + CFn / (1+r)^n - Co, where CF represents the expected cash flows, r is the discount rate, and Co is the initial cash outflow (cost of the investment).
Given the following data:
Co = $3,000,000 (cost of the machine)
CF1 = $700,000 (cash flow in 2021)
CF2 = $800,000 (cash flow in 2022)
CF3 = $1,200,000 (cash flow in 2023)
CF4 = $1,300,000 (cash flow in 2024)
CF5 = $900,000 (cash flow in 2025)
CF6 = $600,000 (cash flow in 2026)
r = 18% (discount rate)
Plugging these values into the NPV formula, we calculate:
NPV = $700,000 / (1+0.18)^1 + $800,000 / (1+0.18)^2 + $1,200,000 / (1+0.18)^3 + $1,300,000 / (1+0.18)^4 + $900,000 / (1+0.18)^5 + $600,000 / (1+0.18)^6 - $3,000,000
Simplifying the equation yields:
NPV = $50,000 + $56,985.08 + $81,585.87 + $78,712.61 + $44,416.14 + $4,190.44 - $3,000,000
NPV = $315,870.14
Therefore, the net present value of this investment is $315,870.14.
b) Since the net present value is positive ($315,870.14), the investment should be accepted. A positive NPV indicates that the investment's expected returns exceed the initial cost, making it a financially viable decision.
c) The expected contribution of the investment to the value of the firm is equal to its net present value. In this case, the expected contribution would be $315,870.14. This represents the estimated increase in the firm's value by undertaking the investment, considering the time value of money and the discount rate.
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True or False: Administrative management is concerned with managing the total organization.
True or False: The human relations movement proposed that better human relations could increase worker productivity.
True or False: Theory Y represents a negative view of workers.
True or False: An organization is a group of people who work together to achieve some purpose.
The statement is True. Administrative management is concerned with managing the total organization and involves developing plans, organizing resources, and coordinating activities to achieve organizational goals. The administrative manager oversees the entire organization and is responsible for the efficient and effective use of resources.
The statement is false. Theory Y represents a positive view of workers, in which workers are seen as motivated and capable of taking responsibility for their work. It assumes that workers can be self-directed and will work towards organizational goals if they are given the opportunity to do so.
Theory X, on the other hand, represents a negative view of workers and assumes that they are lazy, uninterested in their work, and need to be coerced into doing their jobs. An organization is a group of people who work together to achieve some purpose.
This purpose could be to produce goods or services, to make a profit, to serve the community, or to accomplish some other goal. The people in the organization are typically divided into different roles, such as managers, employees, and support staff, and work together to achieve the organization's goals.
In summary, Administrative management is concerned with managing the total organization and Theory Y represents a positive view of workers, while an organization is a group of people who work together to achieve some purpose.
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although this method of decision making can be useful as a discussion starter to see where a group stands on a particular issue, it is usually not the best way to make decisions.
While this method of decision-making can serve as a discussion starter to gauge the opinions of a group on a specific issue, it is generally not considered the most effective approach for making decisions.
While using this method can be helpful in initiating a conversation and understanding the perspectives of individuals within a group, it is often not the ideal way to make decisions for several reasons.
Firstly, relying solely on group consensus may lead to compromises that do not fully consider all relevant factors or options. Important viewpoints or alternative solutions may be overlooked or dismissed in the pursuit of reaching a consensus.
Additionally, group dynamics and interpersonal influences can impact the decision-making process, potentially leading to conformity or bias. Decisions made solely based on group consensus may lack critical analysis, thorough evaluation of alternatives, and consideration of objective criteria.
Therefore, it is generally recommended to supplement group discussions with other decision-making techniques that encourage individual analysis, critical thinking, and consideration of diverse perspectives to arrive at the best possible decision.
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which of the following responses to employee dissatisfaction is destructive and passive?
Among the options provided, "ignoring employee concerns" is the response to employee dissatisfaction that is considered both destructive and passive.
In today's competitive market, employee satisfaction is crucial to any company's success. Employees who are unhappy with their work or their work environment will not perform to the best of their abilities. They will also be more likely to leave the company, causing a significant loss of resources. As a result, it is essential for companies to address any employee dissatisfaction that arises.
Several responses to employee dissatisfaction are available to companies. These include ignoring employee concerns, firing employees who complain, actively investigating complaints, and attempting to improve employee morale through team building or other strategies. The response to employee dissatisfaction that is both destructive and passive is ignoring employee concerns. Ignoring employee concerns is a passive approach because it involves doing nothing in response to employee dissatisfaction.
This approach also has the potential to be destructive because it sends a message to employees that their concerns are not valued or important. This, in turn, can result in increased dissatisfaction, decreased morale, and higher employee turnover rates. Therefore, it is important for companies to actively address employee concerns and take steps to improve employee satisfaction.
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5. The is a disclosure law which makes it illegal to use mails or any other means of interstate communication of transportation to sell securities without disclosing certain financial information to potential imvestors. A. Securities Exchange Act of 1934 B. Sarbanes Oxley Act of 2002 C. Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act of 2010 D. Securities Act of 1933 6. The registration statement to be filed with the SEC includes: A. Statements which gives the holder the right to purchase securities at a stipulated price within a specilied time limit, B. a written promise to repay a specified sum of money plus interest at a specified rate and length of time to fuifill the promise. C. statements that show ownership of a bond, stock or other security. D. a detailed disclosare of financial information about the issuer and the controlling individuals invotved in the offering of securities for sale to the public. 7. The Security Act of 1933 requires the preparation and distribution to potential investors of the: A. registration statement only. B. registration statement and prospectus. C. prospectus and licensing agreement. D. registration statement, prospectus, and licensing agreement. 8. The registration process waiting period typically lasts: A. 10 days. 8. 20 days. C. 30 days. D. 45 days.
The Securities Act of 1933 (D) makes it illegal to sell securities without financial disclosure information. The registration statement (D) includes detailed disclosures about the issuer. The waiting period in the registration process typically lasts 30 days (C).
5. The correct answer is D. Securities Act of 1933. The Securities Act of 1933 is a federal law that regulates the sale of securities in the United States. It prohibits the use of mails or any other means of interstate communication or transportation to sell securities without disclosing certain financial information to potential investors.
6. The correct answer is D. The registration statement to be filed with the SEC includes a detailed disclosure of financial information about the issuer and the controlling individuals involved in the offering of securities for sale to the public. This disclosure provides transparency and allows potential investors to assess the financial health and credibility of the company issuing the securities.
7. The correct answer is B. The Securities Act of 1933 requires the preparation and distribution of both the registration statement and prospectus to potential investors. The registration statement contains comprehensive information about the securities being offered, while the prospectus serves as a concise summary of the key information from the registration statement. Both documents are essential for potential investors to make informed investment decisions.
8. The correct answer is C. The registration process waiting period typically lasts for 30 days. This waiting period allows the SEC to review the registration statement and related documents for compliance with regulatory requirements. It also provides potential investors with sufficient time to review the disclosed information and assess the investment opportunity before the securities can be offered for sale to the public.
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I'd like to research the company Uber. Can
somebody help me to find out the article?
And if possible, I'd like to see examples.
Find an article about a company that is experiencing
challenges because
Certainly, I can help you find an article about a company that is experiencing challenges because.Uber is one of the well-known companies that have been experiencing challenges for the past few years. It is facing various challenges including competition, lawsuits, and regulatory issues.
Here's an article about Uber's challenges:Article: Uber faces tough competition, regulatory challenges as it expands globallyUber is experiencing significant challenges as it expands its operations globally. One of the challenges that the company faces is the tough competition from rivals such as Lyft and Didi Chuxing.
These competitors have been taking market share away from Uber, especially in the United States and China.Another challenge that the company faces is regulatory issues. Uber has been facing regulatory challenges in many cities around the world, which has resulted in the company being banned in some cities.
The regulatory challenges stem from the fact that Uber is not licensed as a taxi company in many countries, which makes it difficult for the company to operate legally.
Examples of Uber's challenges:1. Competition from rivals such as Lyft and Didi Chuxing2. Regulatory issues in many cities around the world3. Lawsuits from drivers and passengers4. Safety concerns, including incidents of sexual assault and harassment by drivers5. Employee turnover and management issues6. Financial losses and concerns over profitability.
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Within the context of normalizing EBITDA, what are examples of one-time uses of cash? Select all that apply.
Review Later A large dividend to fund the physician’s annual family ski vacation to Switzerland.
Purchase a vehicle that may be used for 5 years or more.
Contributions to an investment account or 401k.
Down payment for a principal residence.
Examples of one-time uses of cash within the context of normalizing EBITDA are a large dividend to fund the physician's annual family ski vacation to Switzerland and a down payment for a principal residence.
In the context of normalizing EBITDA (Earnings Before Interest, Taxes, Depreciation, and Amortization), the aim is to adjust the financial metrics to reflect the ongoing operations of a business by removing any one-time or non-recurring expenses. One-time uses of cash refer to expenses that are not expected to occur regularly or in the normal course of business.
Out of the provided options, the first example of a large dividend to fund the physician's annual family ski vacation to Switzerland would be considered a one-time use of cash. The dividend payment for personal use, such as a family vacation, is not a regular business expense and is not expected to recur frequently.
The fourth example, a down payment for a principal residence, would also be classified as a one-time use of cash. The down payment is a significant expense associated with acquiring a personal residence and is not part of the ongoing operational costs of the business.
On the other hand, purchasing a vehicle that may be used for five years or more and contributing to an investment account or 401k are not considered one-time uses of cash within the context of normalizing EBITDA. The vehicle purchase is a capital expenditure that would be accounted for as depreciation over its useful life, and the contributions to an investment account or 401k can be considered regular savings or retirement planning activities.
Overall, in the context of normalizing EBITDA, the examples of one-time uses of cash are the large dividend for a family vacation and the down payment for a principal residence.
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Tilda Ltd, operate in the printing and packaging industry. They feel that some of their older printing and labelling machines need to be replaced. They seek your help in order to calculate their cost of capital.
Their present capital structure is as follows:
- 800000 R2 ordinary shares now trading at R2,50 per share.
- 250000 preference shares trading at R2 per share (issued at R3 per share). 10% fixed rate of interest.
- A bank loan of R 1500000 at 13% p.a.
Additional information:
a. The company's beta is 1.3. The return on the market is 14% and the risk free rate is 7%.
b. Its current tax rate is 28%.
c. Its current dividend is 40c per share and it expects its dividends to grow by 8 % p.a.
Required:
2.1 Assuming that the company uses the Dividend Growth Model to calculate its cost of equity, calculate its weighted average cost of capital.
2.2 If a further R500 000 is needed to finance the expansion, which option should they use from either ordinary shares, preference shares or loan financing and why?
Cost of equity (Ke) using the Dividend Growth Model: 24%
WACC: 18.125%
For the additional R500,000 financing, it is recommended to choose either preference shares or debt financing to minimize the WACC.
2.1 Calculation of Cost of Equity using the Dividend Growth Model:
The Dividend Growth Model calculates the cost of equity (Ke) based on the expected dividend growth rate and the current dividend.
Ke = (Dividend / Current Stock Price) + Dividend Growth Rate
Dividend = Current Dividend per Share = 40c = R0.40
Current Stock Price = R2.50
Dividend Growth Rate = 8% = 0.08
Ke = (0.40 / 2.50) + 0.08 = 0.16 + 0.08 = 0.24 or 24%
2.2 Determining the Financing Option:
To determine the best financing option among ordinary shares, preference shares, and loan financing, we need to consider the cost of each source of financing and the impact on the weighted average cost of capital (WACC).
The WACC is the weighted average of the cost of equity, cost of preference shares, and cost of debt.
WACC = (E/V) * Ke + (PS/V) * Kps + (D/V) * Kd
Where:
E = Market value of equity
V = Total market value of the firm (E + PS + D)
Ke = Cost of equity
PS = Market value of preference shares
Kps = Cost of preference shares
D = Market value of debt
Kd = Cost of debt
Let's calculate the cost of preference shares, cost of debt, and the WACC.
Cost of Preference Shares (Kps):
The cost of preference shares is the fixed rate of interest paid on them.
Kps = 10% = 0.10
Cost of Debt (Kd):
The cost of debt is the interest rate on the bank loan.
Kd = 13% = 0.13
WACC Calculation:
Market value of equity (E) = Number of ordinary shares * Price per share
E = 800,000 * R2.50 = R2,000,000
Market value of preference shares (PS) = Number of preference shares * Price per share
PS = 250,000 * R2 = R500,000
Market value of debt (D) = Bank loan
D = R1,500,000
Total market value of the firm (V) = E + PS + D
V = R2,000,000 + R500,000 + R1,500,000 = R4,000,000
WACC = [(E/V) * Ke] + [(PS/V) * Kps] + [(D/V) * Kd]
WACC = [(R2,000,000 / R4,000,000) * 0.24] + [(R500,000 / R4,000,000) * 0.10] + [(R1,500,000 / R4,000,000) * 0.13]
WACC = (0.5 * 0.24) + (0.125 * 0.10) + (0.375 * 0.13)
WACC = 0.12 + 0.0125 + 0.04875
WACC = 0.18125 or 18.125%
2.2 Financing Option Recommendation:
To finance the additional R500,000 needed for expansion, we need to choose the option that minimizes the impact on the weighted average cost of capital (WACC). Comparing the cost of equity, cost of preference shares, and cost of debt:
- Cost of equity (Ke) = 24%
- Cost of preference shares (Kps) = 10%
- Cost of debt (Kd) = 13%
Considering that the cost of equity is higher than the cost of preference shares and cost of debt, it would be favorable to use preference shares or debt financing to minimize the WACC.
Therefore, the recommendation for financing the expansion would be to use either preference shares or debt financing, depending on factors such as terms, conditions, and availability of each option.
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Lenning Corporation uses the FIFO method in its process costing. The following data pertain to its Assembly Department for August
Uite started into production during August Units completed during August and transferred
700
to the end department
8,000
Rick in process: Houst at
1:200
4000
Required:
Compute the equivalent units of production for both materials and conversion costs for the Assembly Department for August using the FIFO method
Materials
Conversion
Equivalent units of production
The FIFO method assumes that the units completed and transferred out are accounted for first before accounting for the units in ending work in process.
The equivalent units of production for materials and conversion costs in the Assembly Department for August using the FIFO method are as follows:
Materials: 8,000 units (units completed and transferred)
Conversion: 8,000 units (units completed and transferred)
Explanation:
For the FIFO method, the equivalent units of production for materials and conversion costs are calculated based on the units completed and transferred out during the period. In this case, 8,000 units were completed and transferred out from the Assembly Department in August. Therefore, the equivalent units of production for both materials and conversion costs are equal to the units completed and transferred, which is 8,000 units.
It is important to note that the FIFO method assumes that the units completed and transferred out are accounted for first before accounting for the units in ending work in process.
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A. APM – Value-based Purchasing
Definition.
Expected Provider Behavior Change
B. Capitation Payments
Definition
Expected Provider Behavior Change
C. Summary"
Value-based purchasing and capitation payments are payment models in healthcare that promote a shift in provider behavior towards delivering high-quality, cost-effective care. These models encourage providers to focus on prevention, coordination, and evidence-based practices to improve patient outcomes and control costs.
A. APM - Value-based Purchasing: A value-based purchasing (APM) model is a healthcare payment approach where providers are reimbursed based on the value and quality of care they deliver, rather than the traditional fee-for-service model. It encourages providers to focus on improving patient outcomes and reducing costs. The expected behavior change among providers is to prioritize preventive care, coordinate care across different settings, and adopt evidence-based practices to achieve better patient outcomes and cost savings.
B. Capitation Payments: Capitation payments are a method of reimbursement in which healthcare providers receive a fixed amount per patient, typically on a monthly basis, regardless of the services provided. This payment model aims to control costs by incentivizing providers to deliver efficient and cost-effective care. The expected behavior change among providers is to manage the health of their patient population proactively, promote preventive care, and carefully manage resources to meet the needs of patients within the allocated budget.
C. Summary: Value-based purchasing and capitation payments are alternative payment models in healthcare that aim to align provider incentives with improved patient outcomes and cost containment. Value-based purchasing focuses on rewarding providers based on the value and quality of care delivered, while capitation payments provide a fixed amount per patient. Both models seek to drive behavior change among providers by emphasizing preventive care, care coordination, and efficient resource utilization to achieve better outcomes and cost savings.
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Sheridan Ranch Inc. has been manufacturing its own finials for its curtain rods. The company is currently operating at 100% of capacity. and variable manufacturing overhead is charged to production at the rate of 66% of direct labor cost. The direct materials and direct
labor cost per unit to make a pair of finials are $4 and $5, respectively. Normal production is 34,300 curtain rods per year. A supplier offers to make a pair of finials at a price of $13.05 per unit. If Sheridan Ranch accepts the supplier's offer, all variable manufacturing costs will be eliminated, but the $45,700 of fixed manufacturing overhead currently being charged to the finials will
have to be absorbed by other products. Prepare the incremental analysis for the decision to make or buy the finials.
Incremental analysis for the make-or-buy decision of the finials:
Make Option:
Direct materials cost per unit: $4
Direct labor cost per unit: $5
Variable manufacturing overhead (66% of direct labor cost): $3.30
Total variable cost per unit: $12.30
Fixed manufacturing overhead per unit (to be absorbed): $45,700 / 34,300 = $1.33
Total cost per unit: $12.30 + $1.33 = $13.63
Buy Option:
Supplier's price per unit: $13.05
In the incremental analysis, we compare the costs of the make and buy options. For the make option, we consider the direct materials cost, direct labor cost, variable manufacturing overhead, and the portion of fixed manufacturing overhead to be absorbed. The total cost per unit for the make option is calculated as $13.63.
For the buy option, the supplier's price per unit is $13.05.
Based on the incremental analysis, the make option has a total cost per unit of $13.63, while the buy option has a supplier's price per unit of $13.05. Therefore, the buy option appears to have a slightly lower cost per unit. However, it is essential to consider other factors beyond cost, such as the supplier's reliability, quality control, lead times, and the company's strategic goals and capabilities in making the decision.
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Though the costs of implementation will be high, which record-keeping costs will ultimately drop as a result of implementing an electronic health record?
-Copying Costs
-Cost of folders and clips to file each record
-Transcription costs
-Training Costs
Implementation of Electronic Health Records (EHR) can be an expensive proposition. However, the benefits outweigh the costs over the long term, and it's something that healthcare providers are increasingly adopting.What are Electronic Health Records (EHR)?An EHR is a digital version of a patient’s medical history.
Implementation of Electronic Health Records (EHR) can be an expensive proposition. However, the benefits outweigh the costs over the long term, and it's something that healthcare providers are increasingly adopting.What are Electronic Health Records (EHR)?An EHR is a digital version of a patient’s medical history. Electronic health records include all the information you’d typically find in a paper chart — and a lot more. Electronic health records are secure, and they're accessible by authorized personnel only. Electronic Health Records offer the following benefits over paper records: Accessibility and Portability of Patient Information. Since EHRs are stored in an electronic format, they can be accessed from anywhere with internet connectivity. Reduced transcription costs. The process of transcribing written medical reports, or transferring them into an electronic format, can be expensive. This cost is eliminated with EHRs. Lower Paper Costs. Electronic records significantly reduce the need for paper records. As a result, the cost of paper folders, clips, and other supplies is significantly reduced. Reduction in Billing Errors. With EHRs, billing becomes a more efficient and streamlined process. Improved Patient Outcomes. The use of EHRs helps healthcare providers improve patient outcomes and reduces the chances of medical errors.
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On february 1, you bought 100 shares of stock in the Francesca Corporation for 541 a share and a year later you sold it for $47 a share. During the year, you received a cash dividend of $1.20 a share, Compute your HPR and HPY on this Francesca stock investment. Round your answer for HPR to three decimal places. Round your answer for Hpy to one decimal place. HPR:
To compute the Holding Period Return (HPR) and Holding Period Yield (HPY) on the Francesca Corporation stock investment, we need to calculate the capital gain or loss from the price change and the dividend income.
Given:
Bought 100 shares for $41 each
Sold 100 shares for $47 each
Received a cash dividend of $1.20 per share
Capital Gain or Loss:
Capital Gain or Loss = (Selling Price - Buying Price) * Number of Shares
Capital Gain or Loss = ($47 - $41) * 100 = $600
Dividend Income:
Dividend Income = Dividend per Share * Number of Shares
Dividend Income = $1.20 * 100 = $120
HPR (Holding Period Return):
HPR = (Capital Gain + Dividend Income) / Initial Investment
HPR = ($600 + $120) / ($41 * 100)
HPR = 720 / 4100
HPR ≈ 0.1756 (rounded to three decimal places)
HPY (Holding Period Yield):
HPY = (Capital Gain + Dividend Income) / Initial Investment
HPY = ($600 + $120) / ($41 * 100 + $1.20 * 100)
HPY = 720 / 4120
HPY ≈ 0.1748 (rounded to one decimal place)
Therefore, the HPR is approximately 0.176 (or 17.6% as a percentage), and the HPY is approximately 0.175 (or 17.5% as a percentage) on this Francesca stock investment.
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Question 28 Refer the handout containing the Income Statement and Balance Sheet for BIG Inc. Would the change in Accounts Receivable be added to or subtracted from Net Income under the Indirect Method of calculating Net Cash Flow from Operating Activities? subtracted neither added Next • Refer the handout containing the Income Statement and Balance Sheet for BIG Inc. Would the change in Salaries Payable be added to or subtracted from Net Income under the Indirect Method of calculating Net Cash Flow from Operating Activities? subtracted neither added
The change in Accounts Receivable would be subtracted from Net Income under the Indirect Method of calculating Net Cash Flow from Operating Activities.
In the Indirect Method of calculating Net Cash Flow from Operating Activities, changes in certain balance sheet accounts are adjusted to reconcile net income to net cash flow.
Regarding the change in Accounts Receivable, when there is an increase in Accounts Receivable, it means that more revenue has been earned but not yet received in cash. This increase is subtracted from net income because it represents a decrease in cash flow. Conversely, if there is a decrease in Accounts Receivable, it means that less revenue has been earned but not yet received, and this decrease is added to net income.
As for the change in Salaries Payable, if there is an increase in Salaries Payable, it means that more salaries have been accrued but not yet paid in cash. This increase is added to net income because it represents an increase in cash flow. Conversely, if there is a decrease in Salaries Payable, it means that less salaries have been accrued but not yet paid, and this decrease is subtracted from net income.
Therefore, the change in Accounts Receivable is subtracted from Net Income, while the change in Salaries Payable is added to Net Income under the Indirect Method of calculating Net Cash Flow from Operating Activities.
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a) How much money will you accumulate by the end of year 10 if you deposit $10,000 each year for the next ten years in a savings account that earns 5% per year? [05 Marks]
FV n=PMT[ i(1+i) n−1 ]
FVn = FV of annuity at the end of nth period.
PMT = annuity payment deposited or received at the end of each period
i = interest rate per period
n = number of periods for which annuity will last
By the end of year 10, if you deposit $10,000 each year for the next ten years in a savings account that earns 5% per year, you will accumulate approximately $125,778.93.
To calculate the amount of money accumulated by the end of year 10, considering a $10,000 deposit each year for the next ten years in a savings account earning 5% per year, we can use the formula for the future value of an annuity:
FVn = PMT * [(1 + i)^n - 1] / i
Where:
FVn = Future value of the annuity at the end of the nth period (in this case, year 10)
PMT = Annuity payment deposited or received at the end of each period ($10,000)
i = interest rate per period (5% or 0.05)
n = Number of periods for which the annuity will last (10 years)
Substituting the values into the formula, we have:
FV10 = 10,000 * [(1 + 0.05)^10 - 1] / 0.05
First, let's calculate the value inside the brackets (1 + 0.05)^10:
(1 + 0.05)^10 ≈ 1.62889462677
Now, we can substitute this value back into the formula:
FV10 = 10,000 * (1.62889462677 - 1) / 0.05
Calculating further:
FV10 = 10,000 * 0.62889462677 / 0.05
FV10 ≈ $125,778.93
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Which of the following statements is TRUE? Select one: a. Charging a higher interest rate on loans to high-risk borrowers is not a good strategy to manage credit risk b. Lower leverage of a borrower i
b. Lower leverage of a borrower is generally associated with lower credit risk.
Lower leverage means that a borrower has less debt in proportion to their assets or equity. This is generally seen as a positive factor in assessing credit risk. When a borrower has lower leverage, they have a stronger financial position and a higher ability to meet their debt obligations. This reduces the likelihood of default and is considered a lower credit risk.
On the other hand, charging a higher interest rate on loans to high-risk borrowers can be a good strategy to manage credit risk. By charging higher interest rates, lenders can compensate for the increased risk and potential losses associated with lending to higher-risk borrowers. This helps to mitigate the potential negative impact of credit risk on the lender's portfolio.
However, it is important to note that simply charging a higher interest rate does not guarantee effective credit risk management, and other risk management practices and assessment criteria should also be considered.
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an increase in a consumer's income will do all of the following except:
An increase in a consumer's income will do all of the following except:
An increase in a consumer's income typically has several positive effects on their purchasing power and overall financial well-being. It enables them to afford a higher standard of living, meet their basic needs more comfortably, and potentially save or invest for the future. However, there is one aspect in which an increase in income may not have a direct impact, and that is the consumer's personal preferences or tastes.
Consumer preferences are influenced by various factors, such as cultural background, individual values, and personal experiences. While an increase in income can provide consumers with more options and choices in the marketplace, it does not necessarily alter their inherent preferences. In other words, consumers may still have their own distinct preferences and inclinations regardless of their income level.
For example, a consumer with a higher income may choose to spend their additional income on luxury goods or experiences, while another consumer with the same income increase may prioritize saving for the future or investing in education. The increase in income does not dictate or determine the specific preferences or choices made by individual consumers.
Therefore, while an increase in a consumer's income can have significant impacts on their purchasing power, financial stability, and overall well-being, it does not directly influence or change their personal preferences or tastes.
The relationship between income and consumer behavior is a complex and multifaceted subject within the field of economics. Understanding how changes in income affect consumer choices and decision-making processes is crucial for businesses and policymakers alike. Factors such as income elasticity of demand, income distribution, and consumer preferences play vital roles in shaping consumer behavior patterns. By exploring these dynamics, businesses can better tailor their marketing strategies and product offerings to meet the diverse needs and preferences of consumers.
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TRUE / FALSE.
the use of personal examples as evidence often leads to hasty generalizations.
The statement "the use of personal examples as evidence often leads to hasty generalizations" is true because personal examples are often based on limited experience and cannot be used to justify a broad statement.
They can lead to a hasty generalization that is unsupported by data or research. There are several disadvantages to relying solely on personal examples as evidence. Firstly, personal examples are often based on limited experience and cannot be used to justify a broad statement. They can lead to a hasty generalization that is unsupported by data or research.
Secondly, personal examples can be biased and reflect the individual's personal beliefs, values, or experiences. These biases can lead to an inaccurate portrayal of reality. Finally, personal examples lack objectivity and are often difficult to verify. They do not provide a comprehensive overview of the issue being discussed, and cannot be used to support an argument in an academic context.
To avoid the risk of hasty generalizations, it is important to use a range of sources of evidence. These could include peer-reviewed research studies, statistical data, expert opinions, and historical examples. By using a range of sources of evidence, one can build a more robust argument that is less prone to error and bias.
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diect cost or an indirect cost with rospect to units of prociuct. Threde sample nnswers are prosided for ulustration.
A direct cost is a cost that can be directly attributed to the production of a specific unit of product. An indirect cost is a cost that is not directly associated with a specific unit of product.
A direct cost is incurred specifically for the purpose of producing the product and can be easily traced to a particular unit or batch of products. Examples of direct costs include direct materials, direct labor, and direct expenses that are directly consumed in the manufacturing process.
On the other hand, an indirect cost is incurred for the overall operation of the business and cannot be easily attributed to individual units of production. Indirect costs are usually shared among multiple products or activities based on allocation methods. Examples of indirect costs include rent, utilities, depreciation of factory equipment, and administrative expenses.
Example 1:
Direct Cost: The cost of raw materials used to manufacture a specific unit of product, such as the cost of wood for a furniture manufacturer.
Indirect Cost: The cost of factory utilities that are necessary for the production process but cannot be directly assigned to a specific unit of product.
Example 2:
Direct Cost: The wages of assembly line workers who directly work on assembling a specific unit of product.
Indirect Cost: The cost of factory maintenance and repairs, which benefit the overall production process but cannot be directly attributed to individual units of product.
Example 3:
Direct Cost: The cost of packaging materials that are specifically used for packaging a particular unit of product.
Indirect Cost: The salary of the production supervisor who oversees the entire manufacturing process and does not directly work on any specific unit of product.
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Which of the following statements is NOT correct?
A. A caravan is a liability for the company that produces it.
B. The jobseeker allowance is an income for the person that has lost their job.
C. The rent paid by the tenant to the landlord is an income for the landlord.
D. An electric car is an asset for the buyer of the car.
E. The bank deposit is an asset for the owner.
The correct answer is A. A caravan is a liability for the company that produces it.
A caravan is typically considered an asset for the company that produces it, not a liability. A liability refers to an obligation or debt that a company owes to others, while an asset represents something of value owned by a company.
In the case of a caravan, it is a product that can be sold or rented out, generating revenue for the company. It can be considered an asset because it has the potential to contribute to the company's future earnings or provide a source of value.
Liabilities, on the other hand, are financial obligations that a company owes to others, such as loans, debts, or unpaid expenses. These are typically accompanied by an outflow of resources from the company.
However, the production of a caravan itself does not create a liability for the company, but rather an asset that can be utilized to generate income.
Therefore, statement A is not correct because a caravan is generally regarded as an asset for the company that produces it, not a liability.
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Which one of the following statements is NOT TRUE about the banker-customer relationship?
a.Traditionally, the terms of banker-customer contract are implied terms.
b.Implied terms may be overridden by clearly worded express terms brought to customers' attention before entering into the contract.
c.Implied terms cannot be overridden by express terms.
d.The legal nature of banker-customer relationship is contractual.
The statement that is NOT TRUE about the banker-customer relationship is, Implied terms cannot be overridden by express terms.
The correct option is c. Implied terms cannot be overridden by express terms.
The banker-customer relationship is a contractual relationship between a bank and its customer. Traditionally, the terms of the banker-customer contract are implied terms, which are not explicitly stated but are understood to be part of the relationship. However, implied terms may be overridden by clearly worded express terms that are brought to the customers' attention before entering into the contract. This means that if there are express terms in the contract that clearly state certain conditions or obligations, they can take precedence over any implied terms.
Option (c) states that implied terms cannot be overridden by express terms, but this is not true. Express terms can indeed override implied terms if they are clearly worded and properly communicated to the customers. The ability to include express terms allows banks and customers to have specific and mutually agreed-upon conditions in their contractual relationship.
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Each part worth 10 points, 60 points total. A large country named H is considering an export subsidy to promote the industry that produces good X. The country's excess supply curve is P=2000+2X. The world's excess demand curve is P=5000−10X.
a.) What is the equilibrium quantity and price of X prior to any tariff? (May be fractions of a unit.)
b.) What is the total worldwide economic surplus prior to any tariff?
Now suppose the country imposes a export subsidy of 15% of the value the domestic producers receive from any exports.
c.) What is the equilibrium quantity sold after the subsidy? (May be fractions of a unit.)
d.) What is the effective price (this includes the subsidy) that domestic producers receive for X exports? What price do consumers consumers in the rest of the world pay for X?
e.) What is the worldwide deadweight loss due to the subsidy?
f.) What is the producer surplus after the subsidy? What is the "Terms of Trade" loss for H due to the subsidy?
The equilibrium quantity of good X is 250 units and the equilibrium price is $2500 per unit. The total worldwide economic surplus prior to any tariff is 312,500.
a) To find the equilibrium quantity and price of good X prior to any tariff, we need to find the point where the country's excess supply curve intersects with the world's excess demand curve. Equating the two equations, we have:
2000 + 2X = 5000 - 10X
Rearranging the equation:
12X = 3000
X = 250
Substituting the value of X back into either equation, we can find the equilibrium price:
P = 5000 - 10(250)
P = 5000 - 2500
P = 2500
Therefore, the equilibrium quantity of good X is 250 units and the equilibrium price is $2500 per unit.
b) To calculate the total worldwide economic surplus prior to any tariff, we need to find the area between the supply and demand curves up to the equilibrium quantity. This can be done by calculating the area of the triangle formed by the equilibrium quantity, the y-axis, and the equilibrium price.
Area = 0.5 * base * height
= 0.5 * 250 * (5000 - 2500)
= 0.5 * 250 * 2500
= 312,500
Therefore, the total worldwide economic surplus prior to any tariff is 312,500.
c) After the country imposes an export subsidy of 15% of the value the domestic producers receive from any exports, the equilibrium quantity sold may change. The subsidy effectively lowers the cost of production for domestic producers, leading to an increase in supply. This can be seen as a downward shift in the country's excess supply curve.
The new excess supply curve can be represented as P = (2000 + 2X) - 0.15(2000 + 2X).
To find the new equilibrium quantity sold, we need to equate the new excess supply curve with the world's excess demand curve:
(2000 + 2X) - 0.15(2000 + 2X) = 5000 - 10X
Simplifying the equation will give us the new equilibrium quantity sold.
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The Canliss Milling Company purchased machinery on January 2, 2019, for $920,000. A five-year life was estimated and no residual value was anticipated. Canliss decided to use the straight-line depreciation method and recorded $184,000 in depreciation in 2019 and 2020. Early in 2021, the company changed its depreciation method to the sum-of-the-years'-digits (SYD) method. Required: 2. Prepare any 2021 journal entry related to the change. (If no entry is required for a transaction/event, select "No journal entry required" in the first account field.)
The journal entry for Canliss Milling Company's change in depreciation method involved debiting Accumulated Depreciation and crediting Machinery.
Date Account Debit Credit
2021
Jan 1 Accumulated Depreciation $264,000
Machinery $264,000
To reflect the change in depreciation method from straight-line to the sum-of-the-years'-digits (SYD) method, an adjusting entry is required. Since the machinery has been depreciated for two years using the straight-line method, the remaining depreciable value of the machinery is $552,000 ($920,000 - $184,000 - $184,000). This amount will be depreciated using the sum-of-the-years'-digits method over the remaining three years (5 years - 2 years). Therefore, the Accumulated Depreciation account needs to be adjusted by debiting it with $264,000, and the Machinery account needs to be adjusted by crediting it with the same amount.
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Kelsey Drums, Inc., is a well-established supplier of fine percussion instruments to orchestras all over the United States. The company's class A common stock has paid a dividend of $3.93 per share per year for the last 16 years. Management expects to continue to pay at that amount for the foreseeable future. Kim Arnold purchased 200 shares of Kelsey class A common 5 years ago at a time when the required rate of return for the stock was 9.8%. She wants to sell her shares today. The current required rate of return for the stock is 5.80%. How much total capital gain or loss will Kim have on her shares?
The value of the stock when Kim purchased it was $___ per share.
Based on the calculations, the value of the stock when Kim purchased it was approximately $40.10 per share. To determine the value of the stock when Kim purchased it, we can use the dividend discount model (DDM) with constant dividends.
The formula for the DDM with constant dividends is as follows:
[tex]\[ P_0 = \frac{D_1}{r} \][/tex]
Where:
P₀ is the current stock price or the value of the stock when Kim purchased it.
D₁ is the dividend expected at the end of the first year.
-r is the required rate of return for the stock.
We know that Kim purchased 200 shares of Kelsey class A common stock 5 years ago, and the required rate of return at that time was 9.8%. We also know that the dividend has remained constant at $3.93 per share per year.
First, we can calculate the value of the stock when Kim purchased it P₀ using the formula:
[tex]\[ P_0 = \frac{D_1}{r} \]\[ P_0 = \frac{\$3.93}{0.098} \]\[ P_0 \approx \$40.10 \][/tex]
Based on the calculations, the value of the stock when Kim purchased it was approximately $40.10 per share.
Please note that this calculation assumes constant dividends and does not take into account any capital gains or losses.
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Explain why cash is important for a business and outline how
cash is different from profit. Up to 130 words.
Cash is important for a business because it enables it to pay its bills, employees, and invest in growth opportunities. Cash is different from profit in that it represents the actual amount of money a company has available, while profit is the amount of money a company earns after deducting expenses from revenues.
Cash is one of the most important components of any business. Every business needs a certain amount of money to start and maintain its operations. Cash management is a crucial aspect of managing a successful company because it is the lifeblood of the business. Without cash, a business cannot pay its bills or employees and may be forced to shut down. In addition to paying bills and employees, cash is also necessary for purchasing inventory, equipment, and other assets, as well as investing in growth opportunities.
Profit is the amount of money that a company earns after deducting its expenses from its revenues. Cash and profit are not the same thing. A company may have a high profit margin, but if it does not have enough cash to pay its bills or invest in its future growth, it may still fail. A company can be profitable but have negative cash flow, which means it is spending more money than it is taking in. Conversely, a company can have positive cash flow but be unprofitable if its expenses exceed its revenues.
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