When marking the fixed points on a thermometer, it is observed that at 0oC,
the mercury thread is of length 1cm and 6cm at 100oC. What temperature would
correspond to a length of 4cm?

~400 nm to ~700 nm are the wavelengths of electromagnetic wave in free space.

What are the wavelengths of electromagnetic wave in free space?

Electromagnetic waves are categorized on the basis of their frequency f, which is equivalent to wavelength λ = c/f. Visible light has a wavelength that ranges from ~400 nm to ~700 nm. Violet light has a wavelength of ~400 nm, and having a frequency of ~7.5*1014 Hz.

So we can conclude that: ~400 nm to ~700 nm are the wavelengths of electromagnetic wave in free space.

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The wavelengths of the light are 4.3 * 10^-12 m and 0.2 m respectively.

The term wavelength has to do with the horizontal distance that is covered by a wave. We know that a long wavelength implies that the wave is able to travel a long distance from one point to another.

Given that;

c = λf

c = speed of light

λ = wavelength of ight

f = frequency of light

Thus;

λ = 3 * 10^8/ 7.00 x 10^19

λ = 4.3 * 10^-12 m

λ = 3 * 10^8/1.50 x 10^9

λ = 2 * 10^-1 or 0.2 m

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Missing parts:

What are the wavelengths of electromagnetic wave in free space that have the following frequencies? (a) 7.00 x 10^19 Hz______ pm (b) 1.50 x 10^9 Hz__________ cm

The time taken by the light reflected from sun to reach on earth will be 8.4 minutes.

To find the answer, we need to know about the distance travelled by light.

         [tex]d=(1.5*10^8km)+2(3.8*10^5km)=1.51*10^8km=1.51*10^{11}m[/tex]

                      [tex]t=\frac{1.51*10^{11}}{3*10^8}=503.33 s\\t=\frac{503.33}{60}=8.4min[/tex]

Thus, the time it takes for the light from the Sun to reach Earth and be recognized as 8.4 minutes.

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The de Broglie wavelength of the particle is 1.578*10^-3nm.

To find the answer, we have to know about the de Broglie wavelength.

                          [tex]wavelength=\frac{h}{P} =\frac{h}{mv}[/tex]

where, h is the plank's constant, m is the mass and v is the velocity.

                               [tex]m=3.5*10^{-28}kg\\a=2.4*10^7m/s^2\\t=5s\\h=6.63*10^{-34}Js[/tex]

                           [tex]wavelength=\frac{6.63*10^{-34}}{3.5*10^{-28}*2.4*10^7*5}=1.578*10^{-14}m\\\\ wavelength=1.578*10^{-3}nm.[/tex]

Thus, we can conclude that, the de Broglie wavelength of the particle is 1.578*10^-3nm.

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In the the case above, if the consumption function is: C = $500 + 0.75 × YD, from the equation, the The marginal propensity to consume is option C) 0.75.

The marginal propensity to consume which is MPC is the aspect of each extra money that is dollar of a household's income that is said to be used, consumed or spent.

Note that Consumer behavior in regards to saving or spending has a very vital impact on the economy of a country.

From the formula given, the breakdown is:

YD = disposable income.

Autonomous consumption = $500.

The marginal propensity to consume  = 0.75.

Therefore, In the the case above, if the consumption function is: C = $500 + 0.75 × YD, from the equation, the The marginal propensity to consume is option C) 0.75.

See full question below

Suppose that the consumption function is: C = $500 + 0.75 × YD

(Scenario: Consumption Spending) The marginal propensity to consume is:

A) $500.

B) 0.

C) 0.75

D) 0.2.

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Higher frequencies are present in more dramatic events and have thus been the first to be noticed, but the frequencies of ordinary gravitational waves are relatively low and considerably more difficult to detect.

A gamma-ray burst (GRB), which was discovered by the orbiting Fermi gamma-ray burst monitor on 2017 August 17 at 12:41:06 UTC, triggered an automatic notice throughout the world in addition to a merger of black holes. Six minutes later, a gravitational-wave observatory in Hanford, Washington, detected a gravitational-wave candidate that occurred 2 seconds before the gamma-ray explosion.

This collection of data supports the merger of two neutron stars, as shown by a multi-messenger transient event that was detected by gravitational waves as well as electromagnetic (gamma-ray burst, optical, and infrared) spectrum observations.

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The wrong statement is that sound waves created vibration Option A.

Sound is a type of waves that moves in compressions and rare factions. This implies that sound is a mechanical wave. Recall that a mechanical wave is one that requires a material medium for propagation. Now we know that if we set the medium into vibration, that is when the sound waves begins to vibrate. That brings us to the idea that it is the vibration that causes the sound waves and not the sound waves that creates the vibration.

Thus, knowing that sound is a mechanical wave which moves through solids liquids and gas and that the vibration of the source of sound is what causes the air to vibrate, we conclude that the wrong statement is that sound waves created vibration Option A.

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Answer:

a

Explanation:

When a wire is carrying current, charges enter the wire at the positive terminal of the voltage source and exit at the negative terminal, keeping the overall charge at zero throughout the current's passage.

Charge moving across a conductor produces current. There is always the same number of electrons in a wire today. As a result of an equal amount of electrons entering and exiting the circuit simultaneously, current flows through the wire when electrons enter the circuit. Current flow may nevertheless be neutral with no overall charge.

Neutral wires do indeed carry current. In single-phase circuits, the current flows in the opposite direction from the "phase" or "line" or "hot" wire, but it is exactly equal to that current. Out of "line," into "neutral," back into "line," and finally back into "neutral" and back into "line" (since it is AC the direction reverses every cycle.)

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The two fundamental forces act within an atom’s nucleus include the strong nuclear force and the weak nuclear force.

The fundamental forces of atoms nucleus are the forces that act within the nucleus of an atom which include the following:

Therefore, the two fundamental forces act within an atom’s nucleus include the strong nuclear force and the weak nuclear force.

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A sample of an ideal gas is heated, and its kelvin temperature doubles. The average speed of the molecules in the sample will increases by a factor of  [tex]\sqrt{2}[/tex]

The root-mean square (RMS) velocity is the value of the square root of the sum of the squares of the stacking velocity values divided by the number of values. The RMS velocity is that of a wave through sub-surface layers of different interval velocities along a specific ray path.

Root mean square speed is a statistical measurement of speed.

The root mean square speed can be calculated as : V1 : [tex]\sqrt{3 R T / Mo}[/tex]

if  temperature becomes double

let T1 is initial temperature

So ,  T2 = 2 * T1

now ,

Root mean square speed will be (V2) =  [tex]\sqrt{(3 R (2T)) / Mo}[/tex]

                                                     = [tex]\sqrt{2}[/tex] * [tex]\sqrt{3 R T / Mo}[/tex]

                                                     = [tex]\sqrt{2}[/tex] V1

Thus when temperature becomes double, the root mean square speed increases by a factor of  [tex]\sqrt{2}[/tex]

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Answer:

The object with the greater mass will have the greater momentum

Explanation:

The momentum of an object with mass m, moving with velocity , is given by the formula

M = mv

Since both objects have the same velocity v, it is clear that the object with the bigger mass will have the greater momentum

(1) The time taken by the cab to meet the bus is 18.96 seconds.

(2) The distance the cab has travelled to catch-up with the bus is 718.96 m.

The distance between the bus and the cab when the cab begins to move is calculated as follows;

D = speed x time

D = 30 m/s x 5 s

D = 150 m

The velocity of the cab when it begins to move is calculated as follows;

v = at

(v - 30)t = D

(at - 30)t = 150

(2t - 30)t = 150

2t² - 30t = 150

2t² - 30t - 150 = 0

solve the quadratic equation using formula method

t = 18.96 seconds

D =  vt

D = 2t²

D = 2(18.96²)

D = 718.96 m

Thus, the time taken by the cab to meet the bus is 18.96 seconds. The distance the cab has travelled to catch-up with the bus is 718.96 m.

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The frequency of a photon is  1.06 * [tex]10^{18}[/tex] Hz.

The mass of a neutron is:

m = 1.67 * [tex]10^{-27}[/tex] kg

Since we know its speed, we can calculate the neutron's momentum:

p = mv = (1.67 * [tex]10^{-27}[/tex] kg)(1400 m/s) = 2.34 * [tex]10^{-24}[/tex] kg m /s

The problem says the photon has the same momentum of the neutron, p.  The photon momentum is given by

                                               p = h / λ              

where h is the Planck constant, and  λ  is the photon wavelength. If we re-arrange the equation and we use the momentum we found before, we can calculate the photon's wavelength:

p = h / λ =  [6.6 * [tex]10^{-34}[/tex] J/s]  /  [2.34 * [tex]10^{-24}[/tex] kg m /s ]

             = 2.82 * [tex]10^{-10}[/tex] m

And since we know the photon travels at speed of light c, we can now calculate the photon frequency:

f = c /  λ  =  [3 * [tex]10^{8}[/tex] m/s] / [ 2.82 * [tex]10^{-10}[/tex] m ]

              = 1.06 * [tex]10^{18}[/tex] Hz.

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Only P-waves reach the side of Earth that is opposite the focus because P-waves option 4:  can travel through liquids and S-waves cannot.

A P wave is known to be a compressional wave. This is seen as  a kind of a seismic body wave that often moves or shakes the ground a lot in the same direction and also in its opposite direction as the  wave moving direction.

Note that the P waves can be able to move via liquid and solids and gases, but the S waves can only move through solids.

Hence, Only P-waves reach the side of Earth that is opposite the focus because P-waves option 4:  can travel through liquids and S-waves cannot.

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Time period remains the same in both the experiment as change in amplitude does not affect time period.

What are the factors on which time period depends in SHM?

Time period is given by:

[tex]T=2\pi \sqrt{\frac{m}{k} }[/tex]

where,

T = time period

m = mass

k = spring constant

In a straightforward harmonic motion, we see from the preceding formula that the time period depends only on the object's mass and spring constant (SHM). The time period will adjust to any variations in the object's mass or the spring constant.

What is Spring Constant?

A spring's "spring constant" is a property that quantifies the relationship between the force acting on the spring and the displacement it produces. In other words, it characterises a spring's stiffness and the extent of its range of motion.

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If a closed loop lies partially inside and partially outside a region of changing magnetic field, to calculate the induced electric field along the path we use only the area within the flux change to calculate the electric field.

The electrostatic field is conservative and does no net work over a closed path, whereas the induced electric field is nonconservative and does net work in transferring a charge over a closed channel. As a result, whereas the induced field cannot be connected with electric potential, the electrostatic field can.

Faraday's law can be written in terms of the induced electric field as. ∮→E⋅d→l=−dΦmdt. The electrostatic field created by a fixed charge distribution and the electric field caused by a changing magnetic field is very different from one another.

An electric field is created by a fluctuating magnetic flux. The induced emf from Faraday's law is related to the fluctuating magnetic flux and the induced electric field.

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4.266 m is the radius of the circular path the electron follows.

Given

Speed of electron (v) = 7.5 × 10⁶ m/s

Earth's Magnetic Field (B) = 1 × 10⁻⁵ T

We already know that

Mass of electron (m) = 9.1 × 10⁻³¹ kg

Charge on electron (q) = 1.6 × 10⁻¹⁹ C

According to the formula

Radius of circular path(r) = mass on electron × speed/ Charge × Magnetic field

Radius of circular path(r) = m × v/q × B

Put the values into the formula

r = 9.1 × 10⁻³¹ × 7.5 × 10⁶/ 1.6 × 10⁻¹⁹ × 10⁻⁵

On solving, we get

r = 4.266 m

Hence, 4.266 m is the radius of the circular path the electron follows.

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A stock tank heater rated at 1500 watts will use 1,29,600 kJ of energy in a 24 hour period.

Given :

We know that

Energy = Power x time

E = P * t

E = 1500 x 24 x 3600

E = 129600000 J ( or 129600 kJ)

Hence, a stock tank heater rated at 1500 watts will use 1,29,600 kJ of energy in a 24 hour period.

The formula that links energy and power is:

Energy = Power x Time.

The unit of energy is the joule, the unit of power is the watt, and the unit of time is the second.

If we know the power in watts of an appliance and how many seconds it is used we can calculate the number of joules of electrical energy which have been converted to sortie other form.

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The answer is heat radiates at a rate of 160w.

What is emissivity?

A substance's emissivity is a measure of how well it reflects heat radiation from its surface. Infrared radiation, which cannot be seen by human eyes, as well as visible radiation (light) are both examples of thermal radiation, which is electromagnetic radiation. The Stefan-Boltzmann law defines emissivity as the quantitative ratio of a surface's thermal radiation to that of an ideal black surface at the same temperature. The ratio is in the range between 0 and 1.

what is energy radiation?

The ability of a substance to reflect heat radiation from its surface is measured by its emissivity. The material's surface emissivity and the temperature difference between the chip surface and the surrounding air are two factors that affect power dissipation in the form of radiation.

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∆g for these initial partial pressures is 10,403.31 KJ.

ΔG gets increasingly positive as a product gas's partial pressure is raised. ΔG becomes more negative as the partial pressure of a reactant gas increases.

                                  ∆g = RT ln (q/k)

In this equation: R = 8.314 J mol⁻¹ K⁻¹ or 0.008314 kJ mol⁻¹ K⁻¹

                            K = 325

If ΔG < 0, then K > Q, and the reaction must proceed to the right to reach equilibrium.

∴∆g = RT ln (q/k)

        = 8.314 × 298 ln ( 5 / 325)

        = 2477.57 ln 0.015

        = 2477.57 × (-4.199)

        = 10,403.31 KJ

Products are preferred over reactants at equilibrium if G° 0 and both the products and reactants are in their standard states. When reactants are preferred above products in equilibrium, however, if G° > 0, K 1. At equilibrium, neither reactants nor products are preferred if G° = 0, hence K = 1.

Therefore, ∆g for these initial partial pressures is 10,403.31 KJ.

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The “Generators” generate current, and transformers convert between current and voltage. According to Faraday's law, the magnetic flux enclosed by a closed path changes at a time rate whose negative is equal to the electromotive force surrounding the way.

Generators are machinery that transforms mechanical energy into electrical energy. A static device called a transformer is used to move electrical energy from one circuit to another. Magnetic coupling and electrical separation characterize a transformer.

A fundamental property of electromagnetism known as Faraday's law of induction describes how a magnetic field will interact with an electric circuit to produce an electromotive force or electromagnetic induction.

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The refrigerator is removing 300 watts of heat every hour.

Energy can only be changed in form; it cannot be created or destroyed, according to the basic law of thermodynamics. For any system, energy transfer examples include mass crossing the control boundary, external work, or heat transfer across the barrier. These have an impact on the energy reserves of the control volume.

The rate of heat removal from within the refrigerator may be calculated using the formula below thanks to the First Law of Thermodynamics and the definition of a refrigeration cycle.

Rate of heat transfer to the space, measured in watts.

Q=800 W W=500

The refrigerator removes heat at a rate of (800-500) 300 watts per hour.

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The correct answer is option (C) the temperature of the shirt will increase because all wavelengths of light are absorbed by the shirt.

The relationship of heat and light

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The air pressure normally drops before a cold front passes and rises after a cold front passes.

When a warm, lighter air mass pushes under a cold, dense air mass, the warm air is forced to rise, forming a cold front. The warm air at the surface is replaced by the cold air as it moves forward. As the moisture in the warm air mass rises, cools, and condenses, rain and even thunderstorms might develop. The winds will often change direction during a cold frontal passage from the south to the west or north. It is probable that cold, fair weather will continue when the front passes.

The sort of air mass going in affects the temperature behind a cold front. During the winter, a polar air mass will bring in frigid air, and during other seasons, cool air. Bitter air from the Arctic will be present.

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Extrasolar planet mass can be ten times as that of earth and it's size can be twice as that of earth.

GJ 504b is the planet having lowest mass detected around sun.

HAT-O-67b is the planet having the highest mass with diameter twice as that of Jupiter.

Results show that there are more small planets than the large ones which indicates that small planets are dominant in the galaxy.

Earth-sized planets are common in the galaxy.

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In a transformer, energy is carried from the primary coil to the secondary coil by magnetic field in the iron core.

To find the answer, we have to know more about the transformer.

Thus, we can conclude that, in a transformer, energy is carried from the primary coil to the secondary coil by magnetic field in the iron core.

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The fastest you could slow down before hitting a youngster who rushed into the road 60 to 65 feet in front of your car is 20 mph.

(Perception/Reaction Distance)

Speed 30 mph 40 mph 50 mph 60 mph 70 mph 80 mph

Distance 44 feet 59 feet 73 feet 88 feet 103 feet 117 feet

Braking Distance 45  feet 80  feet 125  feet 180  feet 245  feet 320 feet

Overall Stopping Distance 89 feet 139 feet 198 feet 268 feet 348 feet 439 feet

Equal to Approximate Number of Car Lengths 6 9 14 18 23 29

Take note that your total stopping distance triples when you double your speed, say from 30 mph to 60 mph or 40 mph to 80 mph.

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You could only brake down to 20 mph before hitting a child who dashed into the road 60 to 65 feet in front of your vehicle.

(Perception/Reaction Distance)

Speed 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, and 80 mph

Distance Braking Distance: 45 feet 80 feet 125 feet 180 feet 245 feet 320 feet 44 feet 59 feet 73 feet 88 feet 103 feet 117 feet

The total stopping distance is about equal to the number of car lengths: 89 feet, 139 feet, 198 feet, 268 feet, 348 feet, and 439 feet. 6 9 14 18 23 29

Be aware that as you double your speed, such as from 30 mph to 60 mph or 40 mph to 80 mph, your total stopping distance triples.

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The unit of the quotient of inductance and resistance will be Henry and ohm

Inductance is the tendency of an electrical conductor to oppose a change in the electric current flowing through it. The flow of electric current creates a magnetic field around the conductor. The field strength depends on the magnitude of the current, and follows any changes in current.

Resistance is a measure of the opposition to current flow in an electrical circuit. Resistance is measured in ohms, symbolized by the Greek letter omega (Ω). Ohms are named after Georg Simon Ohm (1784-1854), a German physicist who studied the relationship between voltage, current and resistance.

unit of quotient of inductance = henry (H)

unit of resistance = ohm

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Answer:

Speed = distance traveled / time

Speed is a "scalar" quantity

Velocity = Vector Distance Traveled / time

Velocity is a vector quantity.

Example:

One can travel one lap around a track at some particular speed and his average speed will be (lap distance / time)

However, his vector velocity would be zero because he ended up where he started with zero displacement.

The wavelengths of these signals is between  187.50m to 2.77 m.

Frequency describes the number of waves that skip a set region in a given quantity of time. There are two forms of frequency desk - Grouped Frequency Distribution and Ungrouped Frequency Distribution.

Wavelength is normally denoted with the aid of the Greek letter lambda (λ); it is identical to the velocity (v) of a wave train in a medium divided by means of its frequency (f)= λ = v/f.

Part A)

λ max = v / f

= 3 x 10^8 / 550x10^3 =545.45 m

λmin = 3 x 10^8 / 1600x10^3 = 187.50m

Part B)

λ max = v / f

= 3 x 10^8 / 88x10^6

 = 3.41 meters

λmin = 3 x 10^8 / 108x10^6 = 2.77 m

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After the collision the magnitude of the momentum of the system is Mv

Given:

mass of 1st object = M

speed of 1st object = v

mass of 2nd object = M

speed of 2nd object = 0

To Find:

magnitude of the momentum after collision

Solution: Product of the mass of a particle and its velocity. Momentum is a vector quantity; i.e., it has both magnitude and direction. Isaac Newton's second law of motion states that the time rate of change of momentum is equal to the force acting on the particle.

Applying conservation of linear momentum

Mv + M(0) = 2MV

Mv = 2MV

V = v/2

So, after collision momentum is

p = 2MV = 2xMxv/2 = Mv

So, after collision momentum is Mv

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