What mass of ch4 is consumed when 587. 9 kj of energy is evolved from the combustion of a mixture of ch4(g) and o2(g)? show the set up and answer with unit. ch4 molar mass = 16. 05 g/mol

Answers

Answer 1

Mass of CH₄ is 10.591 g.

The molar mass is a crucial characteristic of the material that is independent of sample size. The coherent unit of molar mass in the International System of Units (SI) is kg/mol. However, molar masses are usually generally given in g/mol due to historical considerations.

A chemical compound's molar mass is calculated by dividing its mass by the number of moles of the substance that make up the sample.

Δg = 587.9 KJ

CH₄ Molar mass = 16.05 g/mol

mol CH₄ = Δg / ΔH°

              = 587.9 / 890.3 KJ/ mol

              = 0.6603 mol CH₄

Mass CH₄ = 0.6603 × 16.05 g/mol

                = 10.591 g

Therefore, the mass of  CH₄ is 10.591 g.

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Related Questions

One means of enriching the percentage of uranium-235 for use as nuclear fuel is _____. group of answer choices

Answers

Uranium,means of enriching the percentage of uranium-235 for use as nuclear fuel. The most popular fuel for nuclear fission in nuclear power plants is uranium. A specific variety of uranium, U-235, is used as fuel in nuclear power reactors because its atoms are simple to separate.

U-235, which makes up little over 0.7% of natural uranium while being nearly 100 times more prevalent than silver, is relatively uncommon.Commercially, the U235 isotope is processed further to produce nuclear fuel after being enriched to 3 to 5% (from its native form of 0.7%).

Uranium oxide is transformed at the conversion facility into uranium hexafluoride (UF6), which can then be used in enrichment facilities. Low enriched uranium (LEU) fuel, which is used in the majority of nuclear power plants' light water reactors, can be replaced by MOX fuel.

The most popular fuel for nuclear fission in nuclear power plants is uranium. A specific variety of uranium, U-235, is used as fuel in nuclear power reactors because its atoms are simple to separate. U-235, which makes up little over 0.7% of natural uranium while being nearly 100 times more prevalent than silver, is relatively uncommon.

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How many photons will be required to raise the temperature of 2. 1 gg of water by 1. 7 kk ?

Answers

The photon which is required to raise the temperature of 2.1 gm of water by 1.7 kk is 2.16 x [tex]10^{20} photons[/tex]

Given the following data:

Mass of water = [tex]2.1 gm[/tex]

Change in temperature = [tex]1.7 Kelvin[/tex]

Wavelength of infrared =  [tex]2.9[/tex] х [tex]10^{-4} cm[/tex]

Specific heat capacity of water = 4.18 J/g°K.

Conversion:

100 cm = 1 m

[tex]2.9 X 10^{-4} cm = 2.9 X 10^{-6}[/tex]

To find the amount of photons required to raise the temperature of 2.1 g of water:

First of all, we would determine the quantity of energy required to raise the temperature of water:

Mathematically, quantity of energy is given by the formula;

[tex]Q = mc[/tex]θ

Where:

Q represents the quantity of energy.

m represents the mass of an object.

c represents the specific heat capacity.

∅ represents the change in temperature.

Substituting the given parameters into the formula, we have;

[tex]Q = 2.1(4.18)(1.7)\\\\Q = 14.92 Joules[/tex]

Mathematically, the Planck-Einstein relation is given by the formula:

[tex]E = hf[/tex]

Where:

h is Planck constant.

f is photon frequency.

To find the photon frequency, we would use this formula:

[tex]Photon frequency = \frac{speed}{wavelength} \\\\Photon frequency = \frac{3(10^{8} )}{2.9(10^{-6} )}\\ \\Photon frequency = \frac{300000000}{0.0000029}\\ \\Photon frequency = 1.04 X 10^{14} Hz[/tex]

Applying Planck-Einstein's relation, we would determine the energy required by each of photon:

[tex]E = 6.626[/tex] х [tex]10^{-34}[/tex] х [tex]1.04[/tex] х [tex]10^{14}[/tex]

[tex]E= 6.89[/tex] х [tex]10^{-20} Joules[/tex]

Now, we can calculate the amount of photons required to raise the temperature of 2.1 g of water by using this expression:

[tex]Number of photons = \frac{Q}{E} \\\\Number of photons = \frac{14.92}{6.89(10^{-20} )}\\ \\Number of photons = 2.16 X 10^{20} photons[/tex]

Disclaimer: Given Question is incomplete, please find the correct question:

Water is exposed to infrared radiation of wavelength 2.9x10-4 cm. Assume that all the radiation is absorbed and converted to heat. How many photons will be required to raise the temperature of 2.1 g of water by 1.7 K? Express your answer using two significant figures.

Thus the concluded that number of photon is 2.16 x [tex]10^{20}[/tex] photons.

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Which state of matter is being described below? it cannot be squashed easily, spreads out slowly, is of medium density

Answers

Answer:

The correct answer, I think it's liquid

Answer:

I believe that it's liquid

C2h6(g) o2(g)→ express your answer as a chemical equation. identify all of the phases in your answer

Answers

Answer: 2 C2H6(g) + 7 O2(g) → 4 CO2(g) + 6 H2O(g)

Explanation:

Apologies for the error. Let me provide the correct balanced equation for the combustion of C2H6 (ethane) and address your additional question:

1. Combustion of Ethane (C2H6):

C2H6(g) + 3.5 O2(g) → 2 CO2(g) + 3 H2O(g)

To remove the half-coefficient, you can multiply the entire equation by 2:

2 C2H6(g) + 7 O2(g) → 4 CO2(g) + 6 H2O(g)

2. Combustion of Propane (C3H8):

C3H8(g) + 5 O2(g) → 3 CO2(g) + 4 H2O(g)

3. Combustion of Butane (C4H10):

C4H10(g) + 6.5 O2(g) → 4 CO2(g) + 5 H2O(g)

In all these reactions, the hydrocarbon (ethane, propane, butane) reacts with oxygen gas (O2) to produce carbon dioxide (CO2) and water (H2O).2C2H6(g)+7O2(g)→4CO2(g)+6H2O(g)

Using 1h nmr spectroscopy, how can you tell the difference between an aldehyde and a ketone?.

Answers

Using 1h nmr spectroscopy, the difference between an aldehyde and a ketone is predicted as an aldehyde contains two C-H stretches ranging between 2700-2850 cm⁻¹.

What is spectroscopy?

Spectroscopy is the study of how light as well as other radiation are absorbed and emitted by materials, and how this depends just on wavelength of that radiation.

Some characteristics of spectroscopy are-

The study of interactions between particles like electrons, protons, and ions as well as their interactions with some other elements as a result of their collision energy has been added to the term more recently.The most fundamental physics theories, such as quantum theory, both special and general theories of relativity, including quantum electrodynamics, have all benefited greatly by spectroscopic analysis. Scientific comprehension of the electromagnetic force together with the strong and weak nuclear forces has been greatly aided by the use of spectroscopy in high-energy collisions.Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), a medical procedure, uses radio-frequency spectroscopy on nuclei in a magnetic field to produce images of the inside soft tissues of the body with unparalleled resolution.

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Benzene is often produced as a side product during grignard reactions using phenylmagnesium bromide. how can its formation be explained? give a balanced equation for its formation

Answers

Benzene is produced as a side product when water react with phenyl magnesium bromide during Grignard reactions.

What is Grignard Reaction ?

The Grignard reaction  involves an R-Mg-X, a carbon chain bound to a magnesium halide, used to form alcohols  by attacking carbonyls such as in aldehydes or ketones.

Here R act as a nucleophile and Mg-X act as a electrophile. Instead of attacking carbonyl, which is  present in the reaction, the benzene ring will attack  water molecules present around, grabbing a H⁺ and pushing away MgBr .    

The required reaction is :

PhMgBr + H₂O → Ph-H + MgBrOH

Thus from the above conclusion we can say that it is always advised to use dry Grignard to avoid this reaction.

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When magnesium reacts with hydrochloric acid, hydrogen gas is produced. The amount of gas produced is dependent upon the concentration of hydrochloric acid. Below is the data for a reaction with 1 molar hydrochloric acid. Determine which of the choices shows possible data for a reaction with 2 molar hydrochloric acid. time (mins) 0 123TLON8S 4 5 6 7 9 10 1 M acid hydrogen (cm³) ARANY 17 ATE 230VEL TEEN 0 14 24 31 36 41 44 46 47 48 48​

Answers

Magnesium is a metal that reacts quickly. Magnesium chloride or hydrogen gas will be produced during the reaction with hydrochloric acid. Following will happen as a result: Mg(s)+2HCl(aq)→MgCl2(aq)+H2(g).

What happens in the magnesium-hydrochloric acid equation reaction?

The equation for how magnesium interacts with hydrochloric acid reads: Mg(s)+2 HCl(aq) = MgCl2(aq)+H (g) This experiment can be used to demonstrate the production of hydrogen gas, a single displacement reaction, or even the typical reaction for metals with acid.

Why do hydrochloric acid and magnesium produce heat?

Because energy was released into the environment when magnesium or oxygen particle collide to create new bonds, burning magnesium is indeed an exothermic reaction. Baking soda and citric acid react endothermically when the temperature drops. As the temperature rises, magnesium or hydrochloric acid undergo exothermic reactions.

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0. 102 g of an unknown compound dissolved in 100. Ml of water has an osmotic pressure of 28. 1 mmhg at 20°c. Calculate the molar mass of the compound.

Answers

The molar mass of the compound is 68 g/mol.

What is the molar mass?

The Osmotic pressure can be obtained from the relationship;

π= iCRT

π= osmotic pressure = 28.1 mmHg or 0.037 atm

i = Vant Hoff factor = 1

C = concentration = ?

R = gas constant = 0.082 atmLK-1Mol

T = temperature = 20°c + 273 = 293 K

C = π/iRT

C =  0.037/1 * 0.082  * 293

C = 0.0015 M

Now;

Number of moles = C/V = 0.0015/100 * 10^-3

= 0.015 moles

Number of moles = mass/molar mass

Molar mass =  mass/Number of moles = 0. 102 g/ 0.015 moles = 68 g/mol

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type of molecule is shown below?
H
O=C
H

Answers

Answer:

Carbonyl

Explanation:

While the diagram is slightly unclear, the molecule most likely being shown is a carbonyl. A molecule is a carbonyl when there is a carbon double-bonded to an oxygen.

15 POINTS!! does anyone know the answer to this? is it A?
GIVING BRAINLIEST TO THE BEST EXPLANATION!!

Answers

Answer:

b.2

Explanation:

Answer:

Mole fraction of water(HO) is 0.5 and the mole fraction of CHOH(Methanol) is 0.5.

Explanation:

Greetings !

The molecular weight of CH₃OH(Methanol)=32g/mol

The number of moles of CH₃OH=

[tex] \frac{128g}{32g/mol} [/tex]

=4moles

The molecular weight of water H₂O =18g/mol

The number of moles of=

[tex] \frac{72g}{18g/mol} [/tex]

=4moles

Total number of moles in the solution =4mol + 4mol

=8mol

Mole fraction Methanol CH₃OH=

[tex] \frac{4mol}{8mol} [/tex]

=0.5mol

Hope it helps!

What is the molar solubility of agcl in 0. 30 m nacl at 25°C. ksp for agcl is 1. 77 × 10^-10.

Answers

Molar solubility of AgCl will be  0.59 ×  [tex]10^{-10}[/tex] M.

The amount of a chemical that can dissolve in one liter of a solution before reaching saturation is known as its molar solubility. This implies that the quantity of a substance it can disintegrate in a solution even before the solution becomes saturated with that particular substance is determined by its molar solubility.

A compound's molar solubility would be the measure of how many moles of such a compound must dissolve to produce one liter of saturated solution. The molar solubility unit will be mol L-1.

Calculation of molar solubility:

Given data:

M = 0.30 M

[tex]K_{sp}[/tex] = 1.77 × [tex]10^{-10}[/tex]

The reaction can be written as:

AgCl ⇔ [tex]Ag^{+} + Cl^{-}[/tex]

s            s         (s+0.30)

[tex]K_{sp}[/tex]  = [[tex]Ag^{+}[/tex] ]+ [[tex]Cl^{-}[/tex]]

1.77 × [tex]10^{-10}[/tex] = s (0.30)

s = 1.77 × [tex]10^{-10}[/tex]  / 0.3

s = 0.59 ×  [tex]10^{-10}[/tex] M

Therefore, molar solubility of AgCl will be  0.59 ×  [tex]10^{-10}[/tex] M.

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Small, non-polar molecules exhibit a higher rate of diffusion than large, charged ones.

a. true
b. false

Answers

True

This is true because of Graham’s Law.
The smaller the molecule the greater it’s diffusion rate and the larger the molecule the slower it’s diffusion rate.

What was the average molarity of the sodium hydroxide solution obtained from your two fine titrations?

Answers

Divide the number of moles of NaOH by the number of liters of NaOH solution needed to reach the titration's endpoint to determine the molarity of the NaOH solution.

"The process of calculating the quantity of a material A by adding measured increments of substance B, the titrant, with which it reacts until exact chemical equivalency is obtained (the equivalence point)" is the definition of titration.

Titration is a method of chemical analysis where the amount of a sample's ingredient is determined by adding an exact known amount of a different substance to the measured sample in which the desired constituent interacts in a specific, known proportion.

The equivalence point, or the point at which chemically equivalent amounts of the reactants have been combined, is to be detected by the titration. The stoichiometry of the reaction determines how many reactants have been combined at the equivalence point.

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what is the pH value of Potassium hydroxide

Answers

Answer:

from 10-14

Explanation:

the pH of potassium hydroxide is extremely high and is a strong base although the exact value depends on the concentration of the base in water.

10-14 is the ph value of potassium hydroxide

What two molecules make up sucrose?

Answers

Answer:

glucose and fructose

Explanation:

Sucrose is a disaccharide (a kind of sugar made of two monosaccharides) made of glucose and fructose

Which pair of aqueous solutions can create a buffer solution if present in the appropriate concentrations?.

Answers

HF and NaF - If the right concentrations of aqueous solutions are present, they can produce a buffer solution.

What are buffer solutions and how do they differ?The two main categories of buffers are acidic buffer solutions and alkaline buffer solutions. Acidic buffers are solutions that contain a weak acid and one of its salts and have a pH below 7. For instance, a buffer solution with a pH of roughly 4.75 is made of acetic acid and sodium acetate.Describe buffer solution via an example.When a weak acid or a weak base is applied in modest amounts, buffer solutions withstand the pH shift. A buffer made of a weak acid and its salt is an example. It is a solution of acetic acid and sodium acetate CH3COOH + CH3COONa.

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________ is dissolved in water to make the solution sold commercially as rubbing alcohol.

Answers

Answer:

Isopropyl alcohol or  Propan-2-ol

Explanation:

Hope it  helps!

In addition to the use of complex metal hydrides, what other reaction can be used to reduce aldehydes and ketones to alcohols?

Answers

The reaction with H₂ & Raney Ni (Catalytic Hydrogenation) can be used to reduce aldehydes and ketones to alcohols.

What is Aldehyde ?

An Aldehyde is a functional group which contains the carbonyl group that is -C = O. The structural formula for aldehyde is RCHO.

Reaction of Aldehyde with H₂ & Raney Ni gives Primary alcohol

RCHO + H₂ & Raney Ni → RCH₂OH

What is Ketone ?

A Ketone is a functional group which contains the carbonyl group that is -C = O. The structural formula for ketone is RCOR.

Reaction of Ketone with H₂ & Raney Ni gives Secondary alcohol

RCOR + H₂ & Raney Ni → RCH(OH)R

Thus from the above conclusion we can say that The reaction with H₂ , Raney Ni can be used to reduce aldehydes and ketones to alcohols.

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The burning characteristics of a gasoline can be improved by converting the octane it contains into isooctane. This conversion requires the use of expensive catalysts such as?

Answers

Gasoline is refined petroleum used in engines as a fuel. It contains octane that can be converted to isooctane by adding catalysts like platinum and palladium.

What are catalysts?

Catalysts are substances that raise the reaction rate by decreasing the activation energy but do not get consumed themselves in a reaction.

Platinum and palladium metals can be used as a catalyst to convert the octane of the gasoline into isooctane as they are oxidation catalyst that converts the fuel components into water and carbon dioxide.

Therefore, platinum and palladium are used as catalysts in converting octane.

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O.25 moles of SO₂ will contain
A.2.5055*10^23
B.1.5055*10^23
C.3.5055*10^23
D.4.5055*10^23

Answers

Explanation:

number of mole s of H

2

= 0.25 moles

number of molecules = moles * Avogadro’s Number

number of molecules = 0.25×(6.022×10

23

)

number of molecules = 1.505×10

23

single molecule of hydrogen contains two H-atoms. So,

number of atoms = 2×(1.505×10

23

) = 3.01×10

23

The chance of recurrence of a polygenic trait based on its known incidence in a particular population refers to _____.

Answers

The chance of recurrence of a polygenic trait based on its known incidence in a particular population refers to continuous variation

Polygenic is a trait that is controlled by a group of non-allelic genes. For example, humans can be many different sizes. Height is a polygenic trait, controlled by at least three genes with six alleles. If you are dominant for all of the alleles for height, then you will be very tall. Skin color is also a polygenic trait, as are hair and eye color. A trait that is controlled by a group of non-allelic genes.

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A voltaic cell has a zinc anode and a copper cathode. They are connected by a wire but no salt bridge. What can you predict will happen? A. Without a salt bridge to slow it down the reaction will occur faster than normal. B. The electrons will flow to the zinc anode where a negative charge will build up and eventually halt the reaction. C. None of these D. The electrons will flow to the copper cathode where a negative charge will build up and eventually halt the reaction.

Answers

The prediction is that B. The electrons will flow to the zinc anode where a negative charge will build up and eventually halt the reaction.

What is zinc?

This is known as a chemical element, of the periodic table, that is essential to life and is one of the most widely used metals. Zinc is of considerable commercial importance.

Without the salt bridge, positive and negative charges will build up around the electrodes causing the reaction to stop.

Hence, we know that the purpose of the salt bridge is to keep the solutions electrically neutral and allow the free flow of ions from one cell to another.

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The empirical formula of the sugar glucose is ch2o. if the relative molecular mass of glucose is measured to be 180.16 g/mol then what is the molecular formula for glucose?

Answers

Answer:

18016

Explanation:

(empirical formula)n=molar mass

Answer: C_6 H_12 O_6

Explanation: The molar mass of glucose is given as 180.16 gm/mol.

It is 40% carbon, so the weight of the carbon is 40% of 180.16 =72.06 gm. The molar weight of the carbon is 12.011 gm, so the total number of the moles of carbon are 72.06/12.011 = 6 moles.

It is 6.719% of hydrogen, so the weight of the hydrogen is 6.719% of 180.16 = 12.105 gm. The molar weight of the hydrogen is 1.008 gm, so the total number of the moles of hydrogen are 12.105/1.008 = 12 moles.

It is 53.27% of oxygen, so the weight of the oxygen is 53.27% of 180.16 = 95.97 gm. The molar weight of the oxygen is 16 gm, so the total number of the moles of oxygen are 95.97/16 = 6 moles.

what is the nature of ions formed by different atoms.

Answers

The nature of ions formed by different atoms is as follows:

Metal atoms form positively-charged ionsNon-metal atoms form negatively-charged ions

What are ions?

Ions are substances which are formed when neutral atoms gain or lose electrons.

There are two types of ions based on the charge the ion carries;

anions - which are negatively-chargedcations - which are positively-charged

The nature of the ions formed by different atoms depend on whether the atoms are atoms of metals or atoms of non-metals.

Metal atoms form positively-charged ions by the loss of one or more electrons as illustrated below:

M → M⁺ + e⁻

where; M is a metal atom, M⁺ is a metal ion, and e⁻ is an electron.

Non-metal atoms form negatively-charged ions by the gain of one or more electrons as illustrated below:

N + e⁻ → N⁻

where; N is a non-metal atom, N⁻ is a non-metal ion, and e⁻ is an electron.

In conclusion, the nature of ions formed by atoms depends on the nature of the atom, whether they are metallic or non-metallic atoms.

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When an electron passes through the magnetic field of a horseshoe magnet, the electron's?

Answers

When an electron passes through the magnetic field of a horseshoe magnet, the electron's direction is changed.

Path of an electron in a magnetic field

The force (F) on wire of length L carrying a current I in a magnetic field of strength B is given by the equation:

F = BIL

But Q = It and since Q = e for an electron and v = L/t you can show that :

Magnetic force on an electron = BIL = B[e/t][vt] = Bev where v is the electron velocity

In a magnetic field the force is always at right angles to the motion of the electron (Fleming's left hand rule) and so the resulting path of the electron is circular.

Therefore :

Magnetic force = Bev = mv2/r = centripetal force

v = [Ber]/m

and so you can see from these equations that as the electron slows down the radius of its orbit decreases.

If the electron enters the field at an angle to the field direction the resulting path of the electron (or indeed any charged particle) will be helical. Such motion occurs above the poles of the Earth where charges particles from the Sun spiral through the Earth's field to produce the aurorae.

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This family (ethane, propane, butane, etc) of materials is likely to have what set of properties?

Answers

This family (ethane, propane, butane, etc) of materials is likely to have following set of properties.

The alkanes are non- polar solvents.The alkanes are immiscible in water but freely miscible in other non-polar solvent .The alkanes are consisting of weak dipole dipole bonds can not breaks the strong hydrogen bond.The alkanes having only carbon (C) and hydrogen (H) atom which is bonded by a single bonds only.The alkanes posses weak force of attraction that is weak van der waals force of attraction.

The ethane, propane, butane, belong to alkanes family.The alkanes are also considers as saturated hudrocarbons. Ethane is found in gaseous stae Ethane is the second alkane followed by propane followed by butane.

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A piece of metal was heated and then put it into 100.0 mL of water, initially at 21.2 *C. The metal and water were allowed to come to an equilibrium temperature, determined to be 32.0 *C. How much energy did the water absorb? (look at picture)

Answers

Answer:

4510 J

Explanation:

To calculate the energy of the water, you need to use the following equation:

Q = mcΔT

In this equation,

-----> Q = energy/heat (J)

-----> m = mass (g)

-----> c = specific heat capacity (J/g°C)

-----> ΔT = change in temperature (°C)

First, you need to determine the mass of the water. To do this, you need to multiply the given volume by the density of water (1.00 g/mL).

 100.0 mL H₂O          1.00 g
------------------------  x  ------------  =  100.0 g H₂O
                                    1 mL

Now, you can plug the given values into the equation and solve for "Q" (Q = [tex]q_H_2_O[/tex]). The final answer should have 3 significant figures to match the given values with the lowest number of sig figs.

Q = ? J                           c = 4.18 J/g°C

m = 100.0 g                  ΔT = 32.0 °C - 21.2 °C = 10.8 °C

Q = mcΔT

Q = (100.0 g)(4.18 J/g°C)(10.8 °C)

Q = 4510 J

4510Answer:

Explanation:

A piece of wood near a fire is at 23°c. it gains 1,160 joules of heat from the fire and reaches a temperature of 42°c. the specific heat capacity of wood is 1.716 joules/gram degree celsius. what is the mass of the piece of wood?

Answers

The mass of the piece of wood is 35.58 g.

Joule = M × T × C

Where, M = mass

T = change in temperature(42C-23C=19 C)

C = specific heat capacity = 1.716 joules/gram

Substituting the values in the equation,

1160 = M × 19 × 1.716

M = 1160/32.604 = 35.58 g

Therefore, the mass of the piece of wood = 35.58 g

What is meant by specific heat capacity?

A material's specific heat capacity, which is defined as its heat capacity divided by its mass, determines how much energy is required to increase a gram's temperature by one degree Celsius (or one Kelvin)

What is mass?

Mass is the quantity of matter in a physical body.

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How many grams of pbcl2 are formed when 50. 0 ml of 0. 336 m kcl react with pb(no3)2?

2kcl(aq) pb(no3)2(aq) → 2kno3(aq) pbcl2(s)

Answers

2.3352 g of PbCl₂ are formed when 50. 0 ml of 0. 336 m KCl react with pb(no3)2.

The balanced equation for the above double displacement reaction is as follows;

2KCl + Pb(NO₃)₂ ---> PbCl₂ + 2KNO₃

Stoichiometry of KCl to PbCl₂ is 2:1

This means that 2 mol of KCl would react with every 1 mol of PbCl₂

The molarity of KCl = 0. 336 M

in 1 L of KCl, there are mol

Therefore in  50. 0 ml of KCl, there are=  [tex]\frac{0. 336 * 50}{1000}[/tex]

Number of KCl moles reacted = 0.0168 mol

according to stoichiometry

number of PbCl₂ moles formed =  1/2 x number of KCl moles reacted

Therefore number of PbCl₂ moles formed = 0.0168 mol/2 = 0.0084 mol

molar mass of PbCl₂ = 278 g/mol

mass of PbCl₂ formed = 278 g/mol x 0.0084 mol = 2.3352 g

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Natalie observes these characteristics in the model of an atom. (i) includes positive charge (ii) contains electrons (iii) explains the photoelectric effect (iv) suggests the probable location of electrons

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Natalie is observing electron cloud model of an atom.

What is electron cloud model?The electron cloud model is a representation of an atom that has a small, massive nucleus that is encircled by a cloud of electrons that are traveling quickly. According to the electron cloud model, although we can never be certain of an electron's precise location, it is more likely that they are in certain regions.It is created by Erwin Schrodinger.Due to the uncertainty principle, the electron cloud model establishes the zone of probability describing the electron's location.The electromagnetic force pulls the electrons of an atom toward the protons in the nucleus. The electrons are constrained by this force inside an electric potential well surrounding the smaller nucleus, therefore an external energy source is required for the electron to escape.

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