What happens when vagus nerve is stimulated?
Vagus nerve stimulation stabilizes aberrant electrical activity in the brain by stimulating the vagus nerve with the help of an implanted pulse generator and lead wire. Anti-seizure medications don't completely work for about one-third of epilepsy patients.Why is vagus nerve stimulation used?
Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) uses the vagus nerve to provide regular, gentle electrical pulses to the brain in an effort to prevent or decrease seizure activity. The procedure involves implanting a device under the skin in the left chest area.Learn more about vagus nerve stimulation
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Temperature and precipitation are the most important elements in describing a climate because ________.
Temperature and precipitation are considered important elements in describing a climate because they have the greatest influence on ecosystem and humans.
Fundamental climatic indicators that can have a significant impact on both ecosystems and human existence are air temperature and precipitation.For instance, rising air temperatures might result in more severe heat waves, which can be fatal and sicken vulnerable people. The quantity of water available for drinking, agriculture, and industry can be impacted by rainfall, snowfall, and the timing of snowmelt.
The kinds of animals and plants (including crops) that can thrive in specific places are also influenced by annual and seasonal variations in temperature and precipitation.
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Which of these amino acids are converted to succinyl coa? 1. isoleucine 2. valine 3. methionine 4. arginine 5. threonine a. 2, 3, and 4 b. 1, 3, and 5 c. 2 and 4 d. 2, 4, and 5 e. 1 and 5
Isoleucine ,methionine and valine are converted to succinyl coA.
Isoleucine and valine can be converted to succinyl-CoA after converting first to propionyl-CoA. Since conversion of propionyl-CoA to succinyl-CoA requires vitamin B12, catabolism of these amino acids also requires the same vitamin.
Valine oxidation produces propionyl-coA, which is converted into methyl malonyl and succinyl-coA. Succinyl CoA can be formed from methyl malonyl CoA through the utilization of deoxyadenosyl-B12 (deoxy adenosyl cobalamin) by the enzyme methyl malonyl-CoA mutase.
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The presence of both immature neutrophils and nucleated erythrocytes in the peripheral blood is most accurately called a:______.
The presence of both immature neutrophils and nucleated erythrocytes in the peripheral blood is most accurately called a Neutrophilic shift .
Immature neutrophils in the blood may indicate the presence of a disorder in the bone marrow, such as leukemia. When immature neutrophils are found in the blood, doctors usually take a sample of bone marrow .Nucleated RBCs (NRBCs) are immature RBCs not normally seen in the peripheral blood beyond the neonatal period. Their appearance in peripheral blood of children and adults signifies bone marrow damage or stress and potentially serious underlying disease. Nucleated red blood cells represent a very immature form of erythrocytes that are released by the bone marrow when the body significantly lacks red blood cells, such as in severe anemia, thalassemia.
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Bacteria that degrade oil at great depths in offshore waters have most likely evolved new pathways and ________ by modifying existing ones
Bacteria that degrade oil at great depths in offshore waters have most likely evolved new pathways and enzyme by modifying existing ones.
What is enzyme?Proteins called enzymes serve as biological catalysts. Chemical reactions are accelerated by catalysts. Substrates are the molecules that enzymes can interact with, and the enzyme changes the substrates into other molecules known as products.Proteins called enzymes assist our bodies' chemical reactions move forward more quickly. Health issues might result from having too much or too little of a specific enzyme. Healthcare professionals can also use the enzymes in our blood to look for injuries and illnesses.A component known as an enzyme serves as a catalyst in living things, controlling the rate at which chemical processes take place without undergoing any personal change. All biological activities in living things involve chemical reactions, and enzymes regulate the majority of them.Learn more about enzyme here:
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what are the disadvantages of transgenic rabbits? glowing rabbits
The main evolutionary disadvantage of transgenic rabbits, in this case, is associated with the lack of adaptation that fluorescence will produce making them susceptible to predators.
What is adaptation?Adaptation is a slow evolutionary process where more adapted individuals are selected by differential reproduction and survival.
Fluorescent transgenic rabbits will be more susceptible to predators in natural populations, thereby they will have less adaptive fitness compared to normal rabbits.
In conclusion, the main evolutionary disadvantage of transgenic rabbits, in this case, is associated with the lack of adaptation that fluorescence will produce making them susceptible to predators.
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How is precycling different from recycling? signs showing the concept of recycling precycling involves using products that produce less waste so less material needs to be thrown away or recycled. precycling consists of various steps you should take before recycling, such as washing bottles and aluminum cans. precycling refers to ways to save energy, such as not preheating an oven for too long or fixing water leaks.
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Crossing over is the only mechanism that creates genetic variation by creating hybrid chromosomes with new combinations of alleles.
a) true
b) false
This is True that Crossing over is the only mechanism that creates genetic variation by creating hybrid chromosomes with new combinations of alleles.
The term "crossing over" describes the DNA exchange that takes place between paired homologous chromosomes (one from each parent) during the formation of egg and sperm cells (meiosis).
To boost genetic variation, chromosomes that are similar to one another cross across. A piece of one chromosome is swapped for another during crossing over. A hybrid chromosome with a distinctive genetic material pattern is the end outcome.
During the development of gametes, crossing over aids in the random distribution of genetic material. As a result, gametes are created that are genetically unique from the parents and siblings of those gametes.
However, by randomly arranging chromosomes through independent assortment and fertilization, genetic variation is produced.
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Which observations led wallace to understand how species change over time? choose all the statements that apply
The observations which led Wallace to understand how species change over time are as follows:-
The traits in a population vary from one individual to another.Populations exhibit a tendency to produce more offspring in each generation than will survive.Individuals possessing traits which give them a slight advantage over other individuals in a population will survive, and over the period of time the former will surpass other individuals.Wallace did extensive fieldwork, firstly in the Amazon river basin and later in the Malay Archipelago, where he identified the faunal divide now know as the Wallace Line. The line divides the Indonesian archipelago into two distinct parts; a western portion in which the animals are largely of Asian origin, and an eastern portion where the fauna reflect Australasia.
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During a procedure called ___, angela's knee pain and joint stress is relieved when her inflamed joint space is punctured with a surgical needle and excess synovial fluid is removed.
Answer:
arthrocentesis
Explanation:
During a procedure called arthrocentesis, angela's knee pain and joint stress is relieved when her inflamed joint space is punctured with a surgical needle and excess synovial fluid is removed.
Scientists in the field of evo-devo have determined that evolutionary changes can be a result of changes in ________.
Scientists in the field of evo-devo have determined that evolutionary changes can be a result of changes in homeotic genes.
Homeotic genes are a class of genes that regulate how the body forms in the early stages of organism development. These genes produce proteins known as transcription factors that instruct cells to generate different body components.
In the hierarchy of genes governing the initial stages of embryonic development in Drosophila, homeotic genes play a key role. They are involved in defining the unique identities of each of the insect's bodily parts.
Evo-devo offers proof that significant morphological change is both feasible and not always necessitated by significant alterations in the DNA. Gilbert (2003) and Arthur (2004) have also argued that when teaching evolution, development should be taken into consideration.
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The half-life of carbon-14 is 5600 years. If a piece of charcoal made from the wood of a tree shows only % of the carbon-14 expected in living matter, when did the tree die?.
The tree will die after 3480 years
Given: half-life of carbon-14 = 5600 years
percentage of carbon = 65%
To Find: when did the tree die
Solution:
T = half-life = 5600 years
I suppose you want the age of the charcoal in years.If 65% of the carbon 14 remains, then the amount left is 0.65 times the initial amount A0.
0.65A0 = A0(1/2)^t/T
0.65 = (0.5)^t/5600
ln(0.65) = (t/5600) ln(0.5)
t = 5600 ln(0.65) / ln(0.5) ≅ 3480 years
So, the tree will die after 3480 years
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Which of the following choices correctly describes the
way energy flows in an ecosystem?
A. Primary Consumer to Decomposer to Secondary Consumer
to Producer to Tertiary Consumer
B. Primary Consumer to Secondary Consumer to Producer to Decomposer to Tertiary Consumer
C. Decomposer to Producer to Tertiary Consumer to Secondary
Corumer to Primary Consumer
D. Producer to primary consumer to secondary consumer to tertiary consumer to decomposer
mould consists of large network of threads known as ______
Answer: Hyphae
Explanation: The hyphae are the large network threads.
What name is given to the collection of enzymes that hydrolyze organic phosphate-containing molecules?
Phosphatases is given to the collection of enzymes that hydrolyze organic phosphate-containing molecules.
What do phosphatases enzymes do?
An enzyme called a phosphatase takes a phosphate group out of a protein. Together, these two groups of enzymes control how a cell's proteins behave, frequently in response to outside stimuli.Do phosphatases hydrolyze?
A phosphatase is an enzyme in biology that breaks down phosphoric acid monoester into a phosphate ion and an alcohol using water. A phosphatase enzyme is a subclass of a hydrolase since it catalyzes the hydrolysis of its substrate.What is the function of a phosphatase?
Proteins with phosphorylated amino acids are removed by phosphatases. A phosphatase helps change the activity of a protein by removing the phosphate group from a phosphorylated amino acid.Learn more about phosphatase
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If an individual is heterozygous for two traits how many types of gametes can be produced?
if a individual is heterozygous for 2 traits then it will have 4 gametes
[tex]gametes = 2 {}^{n} \\ gametes = {2}^{2} \\ gametes = 4 \: types[/tex]
8. What is one of the functions of the integumentary system, which includes skin and hair?
A. Provide important minerals to the body
B. Prevent passive transport
C. Regulate body temperature
D. Fight infection
Regulate body temperature is one of the functions of the integumentary system.
What is the functions of the integumentary system?The main function of the integumentary system is that it serve as a barrier between the internal body and outside environment such as bacteria, pollution, and Ultra Violet rays from the sun. It also helps maintain body fluids, remove waste products, and regulate our body temperature which leads to homeostasis or equilibrium state in our body.
So we can conclude that regulate body temperature is one of the functions of the integumentary system.
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What structure is responsible for separating the chromosomes during Meiosis?
A. Chromatids
B. Metaphase plate
C. Spindle Fibers
D. Cytoplasm
The structures that are responsible for separating the chromosomes during Meiosis are the Spindle Fibers (Option C).
What are the Spindle Fibers?The Spindle Fibers are proteinic cytoskeletal structures present in eukaryotes that bind to chromosomes during meiosis and separate chromatids during the meiotic anaphase of this cell division cycle.
In conclusion, the structures that are responsible for separating the chromosomes during Meiosis are the Spindle Fibers (Option C).
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With your own words about the dangerous diseases in Honduras
for today please.
Chikungunya ( virus gotten thru mosquitoes )
Dengue Fever ( virus gotten thru mosquitoes )
Malaria ( parasite gotten thru mosquitoes ) treatment : quinine
Hepatitis B ( contagious ... like food eaten which was cooked from unclean hands) treatment : vaccine , antiviral medicine
Rabies ( bite of an rabid animal like dog or bat) treatment: needs shots right away, antiviral medicine, blood transfusion
Tetanus (cut from rusted metal) treatment : vaccine ,
Travellers' Diarrhoea
cdc
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When an individual is promised a positive outcome for submission to sexual advances, or threatened with a negative outcome for failure to submit to sexual activities, this is referred to as:__________
When an individual is promised a positive outcome for submission to sexual advances, or threatened with a negative outcome for failure to submit to sexual activities, this is referred to as: "Quid Pro Quo harassment."
What is Quid Pro Quo harassment?Quid pro quo is considered a kind of sexual harassment per Title IX for sex discrimination purposes. Quid pro quo harassment occurs when a subordinate experiences a real negative consequence for refusing to comply with a superior's sexual requests.
If an employee desires to hold the employer liable for workplace quid pro quo sexual misconduct, they must be able to demonstrate certain requirements. And although each case is unique, the following factors are typically necessary to establish quid pro quo harassment:
Employees must demonstrate that they belong to a protected class, which in this context means simply that federal law, namely Title VII, protects them and other employees against workplace discrimination as a result of sex.Unwanted sexual advances were made against the employee by another worker, usually a supervisor or corporate officer.The harasser's motivation for the harassment was sexual.Aspects of the employee's career, such as pay or a promotion or demotion, were negatively impacted as a result of their response to the sexual advances.To know more about example of quid pro quo sexual harassment, here
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According to the environmental protection agency, the greatest current water-pollution challenge in the united states is?
According to the environmental protection agency, the greatest current water-pollution challenge in the united states is agricultural runoff.
Agricultural Runoff is water from farm fields due to irrigation, rain, or melted snow that flows over the earth that can absorb into the ground, enter bodies of waters or evaporate.
Pesticides and fertilizers used in agriculture can contaminate both groundwater and surface water, as can organic livestock wastes, antibiotics, silage effluents, lakes, rivers, and marine beaches and processing wastes from plantation crops.
Landowners can prevent runoff by using best practices that keep soil and other pollution out of streams and rivers.
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For fluid resuscitation in hemorrhagic shock, give about _____ of crystalloid for every _____ of blood lost.
For fluid resuscitation in hemorrhagic shock, about 3 ML of crystalloid for every 1 ML blood lost. 3 L of fluid needs to administered to raise the intramuscular volume by 1L.
Fluid administration should continue until the patient's hydrodynamics become stabilized. Crystaloids quickly leak from vascular space, fluid expands the blood volume by 20-30% . Lactated ringer's solution is used balanced salt solution for fluid resuscitation in hemorrhagic shock.
Colloid solution are generally not used. Those who have dehydration and adequate circulatory volume typically free water deficit and hypo-tonic solutions.Lost blood volume with intravenous fluids called crystalliods. Consistency of liquid is thin and saline solution.
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More desert cottontail rabbits move into the ecosystem. Describe how the additional rabbits will affect the carrying capacity of the ecosystem for both coyotes and wild grasses. PLEASE HELP ME !!!! WILL GIVE BRAINLIEST
Overgrazing natural and sown pastures, which results in a loss of plant diversification and lower crop yields, is one way that rabbits can harm an area.
What effect of rabbit on carrying capacity of ecosystem?Reducing the carrying capacity of the land by increasing grazing pressure and competing with domestic cattle and local animals for food and shelter.
The neighborhood food chain will be impacted by the cottontail rabbit's population growth. Wild grasses will disappear as a result of increased population.
Due to the abundance of prey, the coyote population will grow. The number of both the coyotes and the extra rabbits will decline.
If the wild grasses are unable to support the extra rabbits, which will have an impact on the ecosystem as a whole.
Therefore, additional rabbits will affect the carrying capacity of the ecosystem for both coyotes and wild grasses.
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The capacity of stress to ________ would predispose an organism to develop an infectious illness.
The capacity of stress to inhibit immune system would predispose an organism to develop an infectious illness.
How stress and immunity related?
Stress and the immune system have a dynamic relationship. Stress may lead to a reduction in the amount of the body's natural killer cells, or lymphocytes, which are white blood cells that aid in the fight against infection. The lower your lymphocyte count, the more vulnerable you are to viruses and infections, including those that cause the common cold and cold sores.Learn more about the stress on immune system with the help of the given link:
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Due to ________________, water is absorbed by the kidneys and taken up by capillaries in the tissues.
Due to osmotic pressure, water is absorbed by the kidneys and taken up by capillaries in the tissues.
Reabsorption is the flow of fluid from a region of higher pressure within the tissues to a region of lower pressure within the capillaries. Osmotic pressure is the term for the net force that propels reabsorption, or the transfer of fluid from the interstitial fluid back into the capillaries (sometimes referred to as oncotic pressure).
Osmotic pressure pulls fluid back into the capillary, as opposed to hydrostatic pressure, which pushes fluid out. The hormone vasopressin, which is a peptide very similar in structure to oxytocin, regulates water absorption in the kidney.
Therefore, Due to osmotic pressure, water is absorbed by the kidneys and taken up by capillaries in the tissues.
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Respectively, what substances in dark greens and grains are tightly bound to iron and limit its absorption into the body?
Answer:
oxlic acid
Explanation:
I hope this help
What is a potential outcome if one of your father's gametes did not go through meiosis correctly and one of the chromosomes did not separate correctly?
In this case, you will inherit a normal amount of genetic material from your mother but inherited an extra chromosome from your father.
Chromosome number anomalies are the easiest chromosomal illnesses to diagnose from a karyogram. Chromosome number disorders include alterations in the number of full sets of chromosomes as well as the duplication or deletion of entire chromosomes.
Nondisjunction, which happens when sister chromatids or homologous pairs of chromosomes fail to split during meiosis, is what causes them. The parent's age raises the likelihood of nondisjunction.
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Hybrids hide one expression of a trait that reappears when hybrids are self-crossed because _____.
Hybrids hide one expression of a trait that reappears when hybrids are self-crossed because As gametes form, paired sets of elementen separate, and when gametes connect during fertilization, the elementen combine once more.
The process of interbreeding individuals from genetically diverse populations to create a hybrid is known as genetic hybridization. Therefore, a genetic hybrid would have two unique alleles of the same gene. Because hybrid animals lack functional sex cells, they are unable to produce sperm or eggs, rendering them infertile. This is true because their parents' chromosomes from different species don't line up.
The merging of male and female gametes from the same organism is known as a self cross. Selfing is another name for it.
Some features exhibit a pattern whereby one allele expresses itself in the hybrid (dominant), while a second allele is present but hidden (recessive). A dominant allele will show up externally in the organism when it is combined with either another dominant allele or a recessive allele. Only when two recessive alleles are combined will a recessive allele become visible.
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What is the consequence of an unsaturated fatty acid having a double bond that is in a cis, rather than a trans, configuration?
One of the consequences of fatty acid having a double bond that is in a cis, rather than a trans, configuration can be an alteration in the charge of the molecule.
Unsaturated fatty acids, which usually contain cis double bonds, also are degraded by β-oxidation. However, additional (auxiliary) enzymes are required to act on the preexisting double bonds once they are close to the thioester group as a result of chain-shortening. In an unsaturated fatty acid, the carbon atoms on either side of the double bond can be in either a cis or a trans configuration. The higher the concentration of trans fatty acids, the more solid the fat, so oils are generally high in cis fatty acids, and margarine and lard are high in trans fatty acids. Cis and trans fatty acids are geometric isomers. Cis fatty acids have hydrogen bonds on the same side whereas in Trans fatty acids hydrogens are found on opposite sides of the carbon atoms.
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Which group of non-prokaryotic organisms studied in microbiology typically have two life cycle stages: trophozoite and cyst?
Non-prokaryotic organisms typically have two life cycle stages: trophozoite and cyst is Protozoa.
What is Protozoa?Protozoa is a group of single celled, non- prokaryotic organisms.These may either be free living or parasitic in nature.These are heterotrophs and reproduce asexually by binary fission.The Protozoa consists of many unrelated or loosely related organisms.They are divided into four major groups: Sarcodina, Flagellates, Ciliates and Sporozoans..Some protozoa consist of two phases in their life cycle: proliferative stage (trophozoites) and resting stage (cysts).Trophozoites consists of the proliferative stage in which the protozoa divides and reproduces.The resting cyst form helps the protozoa to survive harsh environmental conditions like harmful chemicals, extreme temperature and nutrient and water deficiency.Learn more about protrozoa here:
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Why was the original ""one gene–one enzyme"" hypothesis modified to ""one gene–one polypeptide""?
The original "one gene–one enzyme" hypothesis was modified to " one gene–one polypeptide" because not all proteins are enzymes, and many proteins are built from two or more distinct polypeptide chains.
According to the one gene, one enzyme hypothesis, which was put forth by George Wells Beadle in the US in 1941, each gene directly generates a single enzyme, which then influences a particular stage in a metabolic pathway. Since one gene can produce several proteins and not all proteins are enzymes, the one gene, one enzyme hypothesis of Beadle and Tatum has been amended. We also know that enzymes are made up of many polypeptides. Therefore, "one gene-one polypeptide" has been changed to make the hypothesis more precise.
In contrast to the one gene-one polypeptide hypothesis, which claims that one gene regulates the creation of just one polypeptide chain of an enzyme molecule, the one gene-one enzyme hypothesis states that one gene controls the production of one enzyme.
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