Water has a characteristically high specific heat, making it an important vector (or mechanism) for redistributing heat around the globe.
Specific heat can be defined as the quantity of heat required to raise the temperature of one gram of a substance by one degree Celsius. The units of specific heat are usually calories or joules per gram per degree Celsius.
The specific heat of water is 1 calorie (or 4.186 joules) per gram per degree Celsius. The incoming radiation from the sun is responsible for warming up the Earth. Water in particular, has a high heat capacity at 4.18 J/g*C, which indicates that more heat is needed to warm a gram of water. This is the reason that throughout a warm summer day, the water in the ocean does not experience a significant change.
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Organisms are motivated to achieve and maintain an ideal or optimal level of stimulation that maximizes their performance according to ________ theory
Organisms are motivated to achieve and maintain an ideal or optimal level of stimulation that maximizes their performance according to arousal theory.
How are organisms motivated ?
Animals are highly clever, can read body language, and have personalities. They are driven by physiological requirements including thirst, hunger, sex, company, air, and rest.
Hunger, thirst, the search for pleasure, and the avoidance of suffering are examples of biological reasons. The ambitious idea of Clark Hull was an early attempt to define how these drives influence animal behavior. Hull adapted the idea of biological regulation or homeostasis.
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----- cells do not directly take part in sexual reproduction, while ---- cells do.
Answer:
Somatic; germ
What cell structures and pigments are involved in photosynthesis? (check all that apply).
Cell structure like Chloroplasts are involved in Photosynthesis and Primarily Chlorophyll-a Pigment is involved in Photosynthesis.
Photosynthesis is a process of converting light energy into chemical energy to produce sugar required for the survival of life on this planet.
It involves Cell structures like Chloroplasts containing the stroma, grana and the thylakoids. Chloroplasts is a double membrane bound structure containing ribosomes. It is green in color and is responsible for trapping of light energy through the two reaction centres present in it namely PSI and PSII.
Pigments involved in Photosynthesis:
Chlorophyll-a: Primary pigment which forms a Part of Reaction centre Chlorophyll-b CarotenoidsXanthophyllsChlorophyll-b, Carotenoids and Xanthophylls form a part of Light Harvesting Complex (LHC), i.e. they trap the light energy and pass it towards the Reaction Centre.
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Eukaryotic cells have their chromosomes packaged in the ________. Eukaryotic cells have their chromosomes packaged in the ________. nucleus centriole nucleolus Golgi apparatus
Eukaryotic cells have their chromosomes packed in the nucleus.
Eukaryotic chromosomes are located inside the cell's nucleus. The principal function that distinguishes a eukaryotic cell from a prokaryotic cell is the presence of a membrane-bound nucleus. This nucleus is the “control center” of the cell that stores all of the cellular's genetic records, or DNA.
In eukaryotes, however, genetic material is housed inside the nucleus and tightly packaged into linear chromosomes. Chromosomes are made of a DNA-protein complex called chromatin which is prepared into subunits called nucleosomes.
All eukaryotes have a well-described nucleus that consists of DNA. DNA is a negatively charged polymer, packed compactly inside the chromatin, engirdling the histone proteins, a ball of positively charged proteins. The octamer of histone proteins is wrapped with a DNA helix, giving rise to a structure known as nucleosomes.
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What effects do regulations on harvesting at‑risk fish species have on marine fisheries?
There are certain rules and regulations guided by the law on harvesting at-risk fish species. These regulations have different effects on marine fisheries.
Why are the regulations on harvesting at-risk fish species made?These regulations are made so that:
The native resources of that marine environment can be protected.
As per the rules and regulations, no exploitation would be done with these resources and a sustainable approach for fisheries should be considered.
The fishing qualities can be enhanced.
Better fishing techniques should be used to get high yields with less harm to the fish species.
Healthy ecosystems can be maintained.
With sustainable practices as per the rules and regulations, a healthy balance in the ecosystem can be achieved.
The entry of exotic species into the water can be controlled.
Exotic species are those fishes that are foreign and harmful to the native species.
Public safety can be prioritized
Heavy metals such as arsenic, lead, etc. are found in such marine environments so to protect the public from these heavy metals regulations have been made.
So, the effects of these regulations on marine fisheries are
Highly equipped techniques for fisheries.Maintained ecosystem.Protection of the oceans.To know more about marine marine fisheries visit:
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There are certain rules and regulations guided by the law on harvesting at-risk fish species. These regulations have different effects on marine fisheries.
Why are the regulations on harvesting at-risk fish species made?These regulations are made so that:
The native resources of that marine environment can be protected
As per the rules and regulations, no exploitation would be done with these resources and a sustainable approach for fisheries should be considered.
The fishing qualities can be enhancedBetter fishing techniques should be used to get high yields with less harm to the fish species.
Healthy ecosystems can be maintainedWith sustainable practices as per the rules and regulations, a healthy balance in the ecosystem can be achieved.
The entry of exotic species into the water can be controlledExotic species are those fishes that are foreign and harmful to the native species.
Public safety can be prioritizedHeavy metals such as arsenic, lead, etc are found in such marine environments so to protect the public from these heavy metals regulations have been made.
So, the effects of these regulations on marine fisheries are
Highly equipped techniques for fisheriesMaintained ecosystemProtection of the oceansTo know more about marine fisheries visit:
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When a photon is absorbed by chlorophyll, the energy level of some of the electrons in the pigment is raised. which of these are possible after that?
An electron is stimulated from the ground state to a higher energy level as a result of the absorption of a photon in the PAR range by a photosynthetic pigment.
These excited states can go from one pigment molecule to another, but because moving from carotenoids and chlorophyll b to chl an is energetically less favourable, excited states created on those pigment molecules end up on chl a.
What is a Photosystem ?The functional components of photosynthesis are called photosystems, and they are identified by specific pigment organisation and association patterns.
Photosystems are responsible for absorbing and transferring light energy, which implies transferring electrons. The thylakoid membranes contain photosystems in terms of physical location.Photosystem I and Photosystem II have been identified in plants and algae. Each of them consists of chlorophyll molecules, accessory pigments, proteins and other molecules.Learn more about Photosystem here:
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In an experiment, 90 newborn flies are divided evenly into three separate
groups and placed in boxes inside an incubator that is maintained at a
constant temperature of 30°C. On a daily basis, the first group is given water
containing 1 mg/mL of sugar; the second is given water containing 2 mg/mL
of sugar; and the third is given water containing 3 mg/mL of sugar. After four
weeks, the average length of the flies in each group is determined.
Which factor is the dependent variable in this experiment?
A. Average length of flies in a group
B. Concentration of sugar in the water
C. Number of flies in a group
D. Temperature of the incubator
Answer:
A. average length of files in a goup
______________________ spiral movement of growing plants, especially the main stem. group of answer choices twining nodding contraction mutations
Nutation is the bending movement of growing plants, especially the main stem. Thus, option D is correct.
What is nutation?Nutation is defined as bending movements of stems, leaves, roots and other plant organs due to difference in growth in different parts of plant organ.
Nutation is also known as circumnutation and it is a particular class of nastic movements during which organ of plants bends in different directions, resulting in swinging motion.
Plant such as monocotyledons and dicotyledons shows plant nutation.
Nutation is the that takes place when force is absorbed at core and other parts in the direction of gravitational forces.
Therefore, nutation is the spiral movement of growing plants, especially the main stem.Thus, option A is correct.
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Which component of the electrocardiogram represents the duration of ventricular contraction?
QRS complex refers to the combination of the Q, R, and S waves, and indicates ventricular depolarization and contraction (ventricular systole).
Ventricular rate can be calculated by determining the time interval between QRS complexes. The duration of the QRS complex is normally 0.06 to 0.10 seconds. This relatively short duration indicates that ventricular depolarization normally occurs very rapidly.
P QRS and T waves in electrocardiogram signifies the P wave in an ECG complex indicates atrial depolarization. The QRS is responsible for ventricular depolarization and the T wave is ventricular repolarization.
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The structures of the limbic system are particularly important in group of answer choices emotion and learning. sensation. motor control. regulation of hunger and thirst.
The structures of the limbic system are particularly important in emotion and learning and is denoted as option A.
What is Limbic system?
This is referred to the part of the brain located in both sides of the thalamus and are involved in behavioral and emotional responses such as feeding, reproduction etc.
This system also controls the emotion and learning aspect needed for our survival thereby making it the most appropriate choice.
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If the atp synthase for an organism contains 15 c subunits, how many protons must flow through atp synthase per each new atp that is synthesized?.
Each time a new ATP is created, ATP synthase must process 5 protons.
Where is ATP synthase found and what does it do?ADP and phosphate are converted into ATP by the mitochondrial enzyme ATP synthase, which is located in the inner membrane. Protons are transported over a gradient created by electron transfer from the chemically positive to the negative side of the proton, which drives the flux of protons.How does photosynthesis's ATP synthase function?The light-driven production of ATP is catalyzed by the chloroplast ATP synthase, which is activated in the light and deactivated in the dark by redox-modulation via the thioredoxin system. This down-regulation is thought to be crucial for minimizing wasted ATP hydrolysis at night.What makes ATP synthase so crucial?All cellular functions are powered by ATP, which is constantly used by cells and required for production. About 100 ATP molecules can be produced by each ATP synthase every second.
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The agent of microevolutionary change that is most likely to introduce genetic variation from another population is referred to as ______________.
The agent of microevolutionary change that is most likely to introduce genetic variation from another population is referred to as Gene Flow.
The movement of genes into or out of a population is referred to as gene flow. Such movement may result from the movement of gametes or from the migration of specific organisms that reproduce in their new populations (e.g., as a consequence of pollen transfer among plants).The phrase "gene flow" refers to the processes through which genes are transferred from one group to another. Gene flow in anthropology more broadly refers to allelic change brought on by people moving from one place to another.Gene flow has the effect of reducing genetic diversity among populations, inhibiting or delaying the development of populations in various geographic locations into distinct species of the disease.learn more about gene flow here:https://brainly.com/question/2698940
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How is increased muscle perfusion during exercise accomplished? check all that apply
during exercise accomplished there is increased muscle perfusion
Arterioles dilate during exercise in reaction to adrenaline and norepinephrine released by the adrenal medulla and sympathetic nerves. Precapillary sphincters, which are not innervated, dilate in response to lactic acid, CO2, and adenosine.
During vigorous activity, blood flow through the muscles can rise more than 20-fold, requiring blood to be diverted from other organs such as the digestive tract and kidneys to satisfy the needs of the working muscles. Muscular contraction constricts blood vessels and obstructs flow.
Muscle perfusion was measured as an index of blood volume at rest using a diffusion-weighted MRI methodology and analysis approach developed in our lab.
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A complex consisting of a single mrna molecule with several ribosomes is called a _________.
a. polysome
b. multisome
c. maxisome
d. proteosome
Food elements are broken down into forms that can be transported to and absorbed by cells. This process is called?
Answer:
Digestion
Explanation:
The breakdown of foods into forms that can be transported to cells and absorb into these cells(this process has two parts): Mechanical(breaks down large pieces of food into smaller ones) and Deglutition(swallowing).
You will suffer a variety of painful symptoms, including indigestion, bloating, and stomach discomfort, if your digestive system isn't in good shape.
What are the important component of digestion?
The process of physically and enzymatically converting food into chemicals that may be absorbed into the bloodstream is called digestion.
The gastrointestinal tract is composed of the mouth, esophagus, stomach, pancreas, liver, gallbladder, small intestine, large intestine, and anus.
The secret to comprehending how digestion functions is to be aware of how these organs cooperate to break down food. Beginning in the mouth, the digestive process.
Therefore, The digestive system is crucial to your overall health since it provides your body with nutrients.
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Eric has blue eyes. Because the gene for blue eyes is recessive. What must be true of eric regarding this trait?
Answer: He has homozygous
Explanation:
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Which of the following is a high-heat, high red-spectrum lighting choice?
High heat lighting is that with the lowest number of degrees Kelvin and high red spectrum is generally defined as radiation with wavelengths between 600 and 700 nm.
What is warm lighting?Warm light is the one with the fewest degrees Kelvin, typically around 2,700K, bringing in light that is pulled yellow.
What is red spectrum light?Red light is generally defined as radiation with wavelengths between 600 and 700 nm. Although red light has a low luminous efficiency, which means the light appears relatively dim to people, it has a high relative quantum efficiency and is highly absorbed by the red-absorbing (PR) form of phytochrome.
With this information, we can conclude that red light has a low luminous efficiency, which means the light appears relatively dim to people.
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Which condition would a gynecologist treat?
a. cervical dysplasia
b. sickle cell anemia
c. vocal cord polyps, cancer
d. hyperthyroidism
e. cystitis
Hich physiologic change increases cardiac work but does not enhance cardiac output?
Increased afterload physiologic change increases cardiac work but does not enhance cardiac output.
What about cardiovascular system?Heart and blood vessels, which make up your cardiovascular system, deliver oxygen and nutrition to your body's organs so they can function. Blood vessels also transport waste such as carbon dioxide to be disposed.Conditions affecting the heart or blood vessels are collectively referred to as cardiovascular disease. It is frequently associated with atherosclerosis, an accumulation of fatty deposits in the arteries that increases the risk of blood clots.The heart, blood arteries, and blood make up the cardiovascular system. Its main job is to carry deoxygenated blood back to the lungs and to carry nutrients and oxygen-rich blood to all regions of the body.The most typical cause of coronary artery disease is atherosclerosis, which is a buildup of fatty plaques in your arteries. Atherosclerosis can be brought on by unhealthy lifestyle choices such smoking, being overweight, not exercising, and eating poorly.Learn more about cardiovascular system here:
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The anterior pituitary gland is controlled by regulatory hormones secreted by the ______.
Answer:
The anterior pituitary gland is controlled by regulatory hormones secreted by the neurosecretory cells present in the hypothalamus.
You are performing a endospore stain on a gram-positive bacteria and that is not endospore forming. What will this look like at the end of the stain?
performing a endospore stain on a gram-positive bacteria and that is not endospore forming. at the end of the stain it will look pink due to absence of any endospores.
Some bacteria create bacterial endospores, extremely resistant, metabolically dormant entities as a defense mechanism against unfavorable environmental conditions. Until conditions are right, the bacteria can stay in this suspended state and eventually germinate and go back to their vegetative state.By heating the bacterial emulsion, the Schaeffer-approach Fulton's forces a primary stain, malachite green, into the spore. Vegetative cells may be decolored with water since malachite green is water soluble and has a poor affinity for cellular matter. After that, safranin is used to counterstain any decolored cells. Vegetative cells will be pink and endospores will be a dark green color after staining.However due to absence of endospores, the counterstain will not produce any distinguish features and the slide would appear pink.learn more about endospore here:
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Homology is the existence of ______________ancestry between a pair of structures, or genes, in different species.
Homology represents the existence of shared ancestry between a pair of structures or genes in different species.
Homology basically shows the similarity which can exist between two different species. The structures which come from a common ancestor but serve completely different functions in different species are known as the homologous structures.
A very common example of homologous structure is arms of primates, the forelimbs of the vertebrates, wings or birds, flippers of whale and the forelegs of dogs. These modifications in these structures is due to adaptations for different purposes. Homologous genes are the ones which have been inherited by two different species but from a common ancestor.
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If there is an excess of reactive oxygen species (ross) in a system, where would the problem least likely be found?
This condition is known as a super oxide in which mutated enzyme extremely functional because it helps in production of cells .
when unstable molecules that contains oxygen and that easily react with other molecules in the cells. a build up of reactive oxygen species and cells causes damage of DNA ,RNA & protein ,which cause cell death.
super oxide refers various toxic oxygen containing free radicals such as monovalant anion O2 (negative) or that compound containing potassium super oxide KO2. reactive oxygen can cause damage to the basic building block of the cell. DNA damage can occur in the form of double stranded breaks as a result of reactive oxygen induced conversion of guanine to 8-oxo guanine.
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What happens when a hypotonic solution is separated from a hypertonic solution by an osmotic membrane?
When a hypotonic solution is separated from a hypertonic solution by an osmotic membrane, the solvent will move from the side hypertonic solution to the side of the hypotonic solution.
What is osmosis?The movement of solvent from a region of high concentration of solute to a region of low concentration of solute, through a semi-permeable membrane is called osmosis.
Osmosis is a type of passive transport and movement of solvent happens along the concentration gradient. The solution with high solute concentration is called hypertonic solution and the solution with low solute concentration is called a hypotonic solution.
Therefore, If these solutions are separated by a membrane, then the solvent of these solutions will move from the side of the hypertonic solution to the side of the hypotonic solution until equilibrium is reached i.e until both solutions become isotonic relative to each other.
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The ______ is a sequence of dna that signals the start of a gene and also which of the two strands of dna is the template for transcription.
which of the following statements is true about Charles Darwin? A. He supported Lamarck’s theory of evolution. B. He believed evolution occurred in each individual organism. C. None of these. D. He understood natural variation occurs from mutations in DNA.
Answer:
He supported Lamarck’s theory of evolution.
Charles Darwin was a scientist who discovered the theory of evolution. He understood that variation occurs through mutations, the correct answer is option D.
Natural selection, which he explained, explains how species change over time. Darwin understood that variation within a population is essential for evolution to occur, despite not having knowledge of DNA or genetics.
In "On the Origin of Species," Darwin outlined how variation within species results from random variations in individual traits. Future generations may inherit and carry on these variations. Positive variations in a population may increase in frequency over time, resulting in the emergence of new species.
Despite not knowing about DNA mutations, Darwin's understanding of variation laid the groundwork for our current understanding of genetics and the role that mutations play in driving evolutionary change.
Therefore, the correct answer is option D.
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Which of the following would maximize secondary productivity?
A. Selective breeding allows farmers to produce livestock with faster growing rates and increased production of milk, eggs, etc.
B. Removing factors that inhibit plant growth, such as predators and disease.
C. Adding drought-resistant genes to another species to make them tolerant of drier conditions.
D. Improving the conditions for photosynthesis.
Selective breeding allows farmers to produce livestock with increased production of milk, eggs, etc. would maximize secondary productivity (Option A).
What is Selective breeding?Selective breeding is a strategy used to obtain plants and animals having desired phenotypic features by crossing suitable parental lines.
Selective breeding is very useful to produce crops having higher seed yields and also resistant to different types of biotic and abiotic stresses.
In conclusion, selective breeding that allows farmers to produce livestock with faster growth rates and increased production of milk, eggs, etc., can be used to maximize secondary productivity (Option A).
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Coniferous forests evolved due to earth’s continents assuming their modern configuration. please select the best answer from the choices provided t f
True, Coniferous forests evolved due to earth’s continents assuming their modern configuration.
What are Conifers?
Conifers are a group of cone-bearing seed plants, a subset of gymnosperms. Scientifically, they make up the division Pinophyta, also known as Coniferophyta or Coniferae.The great majority are trees, though a few are shrubs. Examples include cedars, Douglas-firs, cypresses, firs, junipers, kauri, larches, pines, hemlocks, redwoods, spruces, and yews.The evolution of the Coniferous forests:
The earliest conifers appear in the fossil record during the Late Carboniferous (Pennsylvanian), over 300 million years ago.The most primitive conifers belong to the paraphyletic assemblage of "Wallachian conifers", which were small trees, and probably originated in dry upland habitats. The range of conifers expanded during the Early Permian (Cisuralian) to lowlands due to increasing aridity. Wallachian conifers were gradually replaced by more advanced voltzialean or "transition" conifers. Conifers were largely unaffected by the Permian–Triassic extinction event and were dominant land plants of the Mesozoic era. Modern groups of conifers emerged from the Voltziales during the Late Permian through Jurassic. Conifers underwent a major decline in the Late Cretaceous corresponding to the explosive adaptive radiation of flowering plants.To learn more about Conifers: https://brainly.com/question/831270
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What city occupies a relatively flat drainage divide between the indus and ganges plains. The two most productive agricultural areas of india?
Delhi is located on a strip of relatively level land that separates the Indus and Ganges rivers. In terms of agriculture, West Bengal and Uttar Pradesh are India's two most productive regions.
The drainage system of India:
The Indo-Brahma river is believed to have split into 3 primary draining structures and systems-
the Ganges as well as its Himalaya counterparts in the center.the Indus and its 5 branches in the west; and the Assamese section of the Brahmaputra as well as its branches in the east.The disruption that occurred during the Pleistocene epoch in the western Himalayas, namely the elevation of the Potwar Plateau (Delhi Ridge), which served also as a hydrological divide between Indus and Ganga drainage facilities, is most likely what caused the fragmentation. The Ganges and Brahmaputra rivers were also redirected to flowing toward this Bay of Bengal due to the mid-Pleistocene down thrusting of the Malda gap region in between Rajmahal ranges and the Meghalaya plains.
Agriculture areas:
In India, West Bengal produces the most food grains. It is renowned for producing rice. The entire amount of rice produced in West Bengal is 146.05 lakh tonnes, with a yield of 2600 kilos per hectare. It falls under India's states that produce rice. Producing fruits including mangoes, litchi, papaya, pineapple, and citrus is a business in West Bengal.As the main agricultural region of India, Uttar Pradesh ranks well when it regards the cultivation of important Indian state-level crops including wheat bran, maize, sucrose, agricultural goods, and numerous others. It is among the top states of India for grain production. The greatest center for sugarcane production in the world is Uttar Pradesh, where it is also the most widely grown crop.Learn more about the Ganges here:
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The more strongly men identify with stereotypical ideas about masculinity, the more likely they are to?
The more strongly men identify with stereotypical ideas about masculinity, the more likely they are to avoid preventive health care.
In hospital care, the care, comfort, and quality of life of a patient who is nearing the end of life are the main priorities. The phrase "comfort care" is frequently used to refer to hospital care; the two terms are interchangeable. The phrase describes the objective of care, which is to maintain the patient's "comfort" by controlling their pain and symptoms, reducing their worry, and enhancing their quality of life. In Western culture, characteristics like strength, courage, independence, leadership, and aggressiveness are traditionally considered as being associated with men. Social standards of masculinity are as follows: The concept of "masculinity" refers to the duties, actions, and characteristics that are deemed proper for boys and men in a certain society. Instead of being determined by biology, masculinity is produced and defined socially, historically, and politically.Learn more about stereotypical ideas here brainly.com/question/23317204
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