The NTU (Number of Transfer Units) value for the given shell and tube heat exchanger can be calculated as follows:
NTU = (UA) / (C_min)
The NTU method is used to analyze heat transfer in a heat exchanger. It provides a dimensionless parameter that represents the effectiveness of the heat transfer process. NTU is calculated using the formula NTU = (UA) / (C_min), where UA is the overall heat transfer coefficient multiplied by the surface area of the heat exchanger, and C_min is the minimum heat capacity rate of the two fluids involved.
In this case, the hot and cold fluids have the same flow rate and specific heat capacity. Since the specific heat capacity (Cp) of the fluid is not given, it is assumed to be constant. Therefore, the minimum heat capacity rate (C_min) can be determined by selecting the fluid with the lower mass flow rate.
By plugging in the given values for the UA product (11487.5 W/K) and the flow rates, we can calculate the NTU value for the heat exchanger.
Step 3: Calculation
C_min = min(q2mb * Cp, q1mb * Cp) = min(6000 kg/h * 3200 J/kgK, 12000 kg/h * 3200 J/kgK) = 6000 kg/h * 3200 J/kgK = 1,920,000 J/hK
NTU = (UA) / (C_min) = 11487.5 W/K / (1,920,000 J/hK) = 0.00598
Therefore, the NTU value for the given shell and tube heat exchanger is approximately 0.00598.
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what is the symbiotic relationship between acacia tree and ants
The symbiotic relationship between acacia trees and ants is mutualistic, where the ants defend the tree from herbivores, while the tree provides shelter and food resources for the ants.
The symbiotic relationship between acacia trees and ants is a classic example of mutualism. Acacia trees provide shelter and food resources in the form of nectar and protein-rich Beltian bodies for the ants, which are usually species of ants in the genus Pseudomyrmex or Crematogaster. In return, the ants defend the acacia tree against herbivores and competing plants.
The ants aggressively attack any herbivores or animals that attempt to feed on the acacia leaves, effectively protecting the tree from potential damage. They also clear the surrounding area of vegetation, preventing other plants from competing with the acacia for sunlight and nutrients. This mutually beneficial relationship helps both the ants and acacia trees to thrive in their respective environments.
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