"The placenta is a temporary organ that is the site of exchange of oxygen, nutrients, and wastes between the mother and fetus, and the umbilical cord connects the placenta to the embryo."
The term "placenta" refers to the transient vascular organ that is present in mammals and holds the baby to the mother's uterus during pregnancy. A developing newborn receives oxygen and nutrients from this structure. It also cleans the baby's blood of waste materials. Only mammals have a placenta.
The transmission of materials is facilitated by the umbilical cord, which joins the fetus and placenta. The network of blood veins in the uterine wall connects the mother to the placenta. The umbilical cord has a vein and two arteries. It transports waste materials away from the fetus and supplies it with oxygen and nutrition.
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Why is it important to maintain the ph of blood and tissue fluids within normal limits? check all that apply
Enzymatic and other proteinic activity is limited by pH. 2) Slight deviations from normal pH can shut down metabolic pathways. 3) The structure and function of macromolecules are pH dependent.
How does the pH levels affect enzymes and proteins?
Enzymes, like all proteins, are polypeptidic molecules.
They need to get an accurate tridimensional structure to accomplish their function.
There is a limit of temperature and pH level at which they lose that structure and denaturalize.
pH changes
The most accurate configuration for the best catalytic performance depends on the charge of the lateral chains and the environmental pH.
Enzymes have ionizable chemical groups in the lateral chains of their amino acids.
Depending on the environmental pH, these groups will have a positive, negative, or neutral charge.
There is an optimum pH level at which enzymes get the best configuration to accomplish their functions.
Most enzymes are sensitive to any change in pH, which might drastically affect their activity. So every enzyme has its optimum pH level, and any slight deviations will cause the enzyme denaturalization, hence, its activity loss.
Whenever the enzyme loses its configuration, and hence, its function, the whole pathway in which it is involved is interrupted.
Options 2 and 3 are correct.
Slight deviations from normal pH can shut down metabolic pathways. The structure and function of macromolecules are pH dependent.You can learn more about enzymes and pH at
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Why is it important to maintain the ph of blood and tissue fluids within normal limits? check all that apply
Most enzymes require an acidic pH to function properly. Slight deviations from normal pH can shut down metabolic pathways. The structure and function of macromolecules are pH dependent. Hormones require a blood pH of at least 77 to function, A drop in blood pH causes dehydrationThe pH balance plays an important role in the chemical makeup of the human body.
REASONS :
A pH balance simply means that the acid-base balance in the body is generally maintained. The body needs to stay in homeostasis (a stable state) to function optimally.
1.Slight deviations from normal pH can shut down metabolic pathways.
2. The structure and function of macromolecules are pH dependent.
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this procedure for measuring cell size has certain limitations . List three such limitations
The limitations of cell size are:
1) Surface area to volume ratio
2) Nucleo cytoplasmic ratio
3) Fragility of cell membrane
What are the cause of limitations on cell size?
The need for a surface area of sufficient area to allow the cells function→.
→If the surface area of cell increase volume increase to the cube of the linear increase.
→ Nuclie contains information needed for protein synthesis . Some cells reduce this limitation to increase the no. Of nucleus called multinucleated.
Examples are muscle cells.
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Measuring cell size has specific limitations
Exterior area to volume ratio Nucleo cytoplasmic proportion The fragility of cell membraneThe key element that limits the size of a cell is the ratio of its surface area to its volume.
What limits the sizes to which cells can grow?
One statement is that cell sizes are limited by surface-to-volume ratios. Cells that are too large in volume may be determined by the rate at which nutrients are taken up, which in turn is limited by the cell's membrane exterior area.
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Evaluate your work by answering these questions: how did this activity help you understand the roles and priorities of the federal government during obama's administration? what would you like to know more about?
Obama's signature domestic legislative achievement was the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, known colloquially as "Obamacare."
What is obama's administration ?The general goals of the Obama Administration were to "revive the economy, provide affordable and accessible health care to all, strengthen our public education and social security systems, define a clear path to energy independence and tackle climate change, end the War in Iraq responsibly," among other things.
No matter who you are, where you are from, what you look like, or whom you love, President Obama has led the battle to safeguard everyone.Here is how the administration has performed in terms of advancing broad rights and protections for LGBT Americans, improving the fairness and security of our immigration system, combating poverty, and investing in communities.Learn more about Obama's administration here:
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Answer:
Answer on Edmentum
Explanation:
How does the loss of vegetation on shore lines affect waterways? a. decreased sedimentation b. increased shorelines c. increased erosion of water banks d. none of the above
c. increased erosion of water banks
Correct option is C. Waterways are affected by the loss of vegetation along the shorelines, which causes increased erosion of water banks .
By sustaining portions of the beach with its roots, vegetation on the shore protects the soil from erosion and decreases its impact.
Erosion would be detrimental without them.
What is erosion?The process of removing soil, rock, or dissolved material from one area on the Earth's crust and moving it to another, where it is deposited, is known as erosion.
Erosion can be brought about with the aid of many exceptional situations. Some erosion examples include wind erosion, water erosion, glacial erosion, temperature erosion, and mass wasting (such as landslides).
Erosion differs from weathering, which is a static process.
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In classical conditioning, a stimulus that originally elicited no response but after association with an unconditioned stimulus comes to trigger a conditioned response is call a(n)?
In classical conditioning, a stimulus that originally elicited no response but after association with an unconditioned stimulus comes to trigger a conditioned response is call an unconditioned response.
Pavlov's experiment- First Pavlov tried to get the attention of the dog with the sound of a bell, but the dog did not salivate so, this was a neutral stimulus. After that he presented him with food, the dog salivated. The food was an unconditioned stimulus and salivation was an unconditioned (innate) response.
The classic experiment done by Pavlov, in that experiment the food represents, which is known as the unconditioned stimulus (UCS). The UCS naturally and automatically triggers a response.
The unconditioned response is a response which is of reflexive and involuntary nature, and is reliably induced every time an organism comes across to biologically significant stimuli.
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The inability of lateral inhibition to explain White's illusion suggests that some contrast effects are based in the retina. the cortex. the optic nerve. the cornea.
The inability of lateral inhibition to explain White's illusion suggests that some contrast effects are based in the cortex.
What is white's illusion?The perceptual phenomenon known as "White's illusion" occurs when two equiluminant gray patches are superimposed on a square-wave grating in black and white and appear to be of different luminosities.A test patch placed on the grating's dark stripe appears lighter than one placed on the stripe with light color.White's illusion is an optical illusion highlighting the fact that the same target luminance can elicit various perceptions of brightness in differentWhite's illusion is a brightness illusion when specific stripes of a black and white grating is partially replaced by a gray rectangle.According to Novick, the Munker-White illusion is the cause of this distorted impression. Fundamentally, Novick claimed that the illusion is effective because "our acuity for shape is better than our acuity for color, which means that we see the shapes with more detail and the colors with less detail."Learn more about White's illusion here:
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when will natural selction occur
A. When there is competition
B. When there are unlimited resources
C. When there are no mutations in a species
D. When the population is very small
Natural selection will occur When there is competition.
Competition between living things is considered in Darwin's theory of the mechanism of evolution as a key component of the "fight for existence" and, consequently, as the foundation for natural selection.Members of the same species compete with one another within their own species. In the same location, for instance, two male birds of the same species can compete for mates. A fundamental element of natural selection is this kind of rivalry. It encourages a species' ability to evolve superior adaptations throughout time.The reduction of niche overlap when two species compete for the same finite resource may result in evolutionary changes in both species. Alternately, the competitively dominant species remains the same and may even be able to enlarge its niche, which limits the amount of available niche space.learn more about natural selection here: https://brainly.com/question/23929271
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Two species cooperating to help each other is known as ____________.
A. Leguminism
B. Commensalism
C. Parasitism
D. Mutualism
Answer:
Mutualism
Explanation:
Mutualism is when two species work together to benefit each other. Like there are certain species of bird that sit on rhinos and eat pests/bugs on them, this benefits the bird cuz it gets food and it benefits rhino cuz it does not get bugged (pun intended)
the ability of an organ to adjust to changes in either its internal or external environments is called
Answer:
Animal organs and organ systems constantly adjust to internal and external changes through a process called homeostasis (“steady state”). These changes might be in the level of glucose or calcium in blood or in external temperatures. Homeostasis means to maintain dynamic equilibrium in the body
Discuss how temperature and amount of precipitation can affect the type of plants and animals found in the deciduous biome.
Climate affects the type of plants and animals found in the deciduous biome. The high temperatures and rain create a warm, damp environment that insects enjoy living in. Many kinds of plants, animals, and insects have all evolved to suit the climate. This variety of creatures is what makes deciduous biome unique.
What types of plants and animals are found in deciduous biome?Calm deciduous timberlands are found within the mid-latitude zones which implies that they are found between the polar locales and the tropics. The deciduous timberland locales are uncovered to warm and cold discuss masses, which cause this range to have four seasons. The temperature changes broadly from season to season with cold winters and hot, damp summers. The normal annually temperature is approximately 10°C. The regions in which deciduous timberlands are found get almost 750 to 1,500 mm of precipitation spread decently evenly throughout the year. During the drop, trees change color and after that lose their takes off. Typically in arrangement for the winter season. Since it gets so cold, the trees have adjusted to the winter by going into a period of torpidity or rest. They too have thick bark to ensure them from the cold climate. Trees bloom and develop amid the spring and summer developing season. Many distinctive sorts of trees, bushes, and herbs develop in deciduous woodlands.To know more about Biomes visit:
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After drying off a newborn he has a weak cry and poor muscle tone. what should you do?
We can give a blow by oxygen, so that babies can exchange air and the supplemental oxygen will during post birth.
What is Apgar test?
Baby's first cry will give a signal that his lungs work properly or not.
Similarly, hypotonia is condition of low muscle tone of baby after birth, and the symptoms include limp in arms.
These conditions can be diagnosed by Apgar test consist up one minute test and five minute test, tells about the entire birthing journey of a baby .
In this test, baby's color, respiratory effort, heart rate, muscle tone are detected and the maximum total score is ten, if baby get a score between 4 and 4, need assistance for breathing.
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Branches of the pudendal nerve are anesthetized during childbirth before the doctor performs a/an?
Before a doctor conducts an episiotomy during delivery, branches of the pudendal nerve are put under anesthesia.
What is meant by an episiotomy?
During delivery, the membrane between the vaginal entrance and the anus is sliced, or an episiotomy is performed. The perineum is the name of this region.An episiotomy was long believed to lessen the severity of vaginal tearing after delivery. An incision was thought to heal more effectively than a spontaneous rip. Additionally, it was believed that the operation would aid in preserving the pelvic floor's supporting muscles and connective tissue.However, current evidence indicates that frequent episiotomies may not actually be effective in preventing these issues.Learn more about episiotomy here:
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A paramecium absorbs materials frpm its environemtn and circulatst these materials throughut its cytoplasm. which life function is described by these activites?
A paramecium absorbs materials from its environment and circulates these materials throughout its cytoplasm. The life function that is described by these activities is that Food from cytoplasm is absorbed and used for energy and materials that are needed for growth.
All living organisms have assured characteristics that differentiate them from non-living forms. The basic processes of life include organization, metabolism, responsiveness, movements, and reproduction. In paramecium Cilia have important functions such as locomotion through the surrounding water and ingestion of food into the cytostome. The cilia responsible for the ingestion of food are mainly localized in the gullet, which is a funnel shaped depression of the cell surface.
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The brain relies solely on ________ as its energy source. if it is deprived of this substrate, the cells soon die.
The brain relies solely on "glucose" as its energy source. if it is deprived of this substrate, the cells soon die because during the fasting state, proteins and fats are transformed to glucose.
What is glucose?The primary form of glucose in the body, glucose serves as the body's cells' main source of energy. Glucose can be produced by the body from other chemicals or it can be obtained from the meals we eat.
The bloodstream carries glucose to the cells. Insulin is one of many hormones that regulate blood glucose levels.
Some key points of glucose are-
The primary sugar in your blood is called blood sugar, or glucose. Your body uses it as its primary source of energy, and it originates from of the food you eat. All of the cells in your body receive glucose from your blood to be used as fuel.Diabetes is a condition in which you have too high blood sugar levels. Possessing too much sugar in your blood might have major consequences over time. You might occasionally experience issues with too low or too high blood sugar even if your don't have diabetes. Maintaining a regular eating, exercise, and medication regimen can assist.To know more about glucose, here
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What hormone is synthesized from molecules of the neurotransmitter serotonin in the pineal gland?
Melatonin hormone is synthesized from molecules of the neurotransmitter serotonin in the pineal gland.
Melatonin is produced from Serotonin which is itself produced by Tryptophan through a series of linked enzymatic reactions.
Melatonin is a hormone produced in response to darkness by the Pineal gland. It helps to maintain the Circadian Rhythm of the body and the Sleep wake cycle.
It plays an important role in regulating the menstrual cycle in females and in integrating the photo periods as well.
It is secreted mainly at the night time.
It is also called as the hormone of Darkness.
Serotonin, on the other hand, is a neurotransmitter (chemical) that carries messages between the nerve in the brain and co-relating them throughout the body.
It plays vital role in sleep, digestion and sexual desire.
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Which of the following is a possible function of a protein?
A. Providing long-term energy storage
B. Insulating organisms
C. Storing genetic information
D. Sending signals across the organism
Answer:
C
Explanation:
Answer:
The correct answer is D, Sending signals across the organism.
Explanation:
The ________ returns most of the venous blood from the heart to the right atrium.
The superior vena cava returns most of the venous blood from the heart to the right atrium.
The whole return of systemic venous blood goes to the right atrium. Either the inferior vena cava or the superior vena cava receives the majority of the blood. The superior vena cava receives systemic venous circulation, which includes blood from the head, neck, chest, shoulders, and upper limbs, from above an imaginary line drawn at the level of the diaphragm.
Most of the body above the diaphragm is drained via the superior vena cava. The axillary vein, which originates in the axillary area, goes through the body wall to produce the subclavian vein on both the left and right sides. The brachiocephalic vein is created when it unites with the external and internal jugular veins of the head and neck.
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Part 2
1. Go to Phet Reversible Reactions Simulation (click here).
2. Add in 5 of each A and B molecules
3. After observing for 10 seconds, what is happeningto both the A and B molecules? Other
observations?
It is observed that after adding 5 each to molecules A and B; of Phet Reversible Reactions that the equilibrium goes right, away from the reactant
However, on the other side, If we add product, equilibrium goes left, away from the product
This is because in reversible reactions, both forward and backward or reverse directions of the reaction usually occur at the same time.
What are reversible reactions?Reversible reactions can be defined as a type of chemical reaction in which the reactants form the products that; and in turn, react together to give the reactants back.
Generally, reversible reactions usually will reach an equilibrium point where the concentrations of the reactants and products will no longer change.
Please note that the " Phet " mentioned above means Physics Education Technology. It is a research based simulations for tutoring science subjects
So therefore, it is observed that after adding 5 each to molecules A and B; of Phet Reversible Reactions that the equilibrium goes right, away from the reactant
Complete question:
What happens when you add 5 each to molecules A and B in a reversible reaction?
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What is the source of carbon for terrestrial plants? terrestrial plants acquire carbon from the .
During this process, plants cleave the carbon from the two oxygen molecules and terminate the oxygen back into the surrounding circumstances.
What is terrestrial plants?In terrestrial communities, plants transform atmospheric carbon dioxide into carbon-based combinations through photosynthesis (see above The photosynthetic operation). During this process, plants cleave the carbon from the two oxygen molecules and terminate the oxygen back into the surrounding circumstances.Many terrestrial manufacturers are not even helophytes but rainforest species that tolerate occasional inundation. Examples of these types of plants contain Syngonium, Philodendron, Adiantum, Aglaodorum, Aglaonema, Cordyline, Ophiopogon, and Physostegia.Terrestrial manufacturers are defined as any manufacturer that grows on, in, or from the land. By contrast, aquatic plants are manufacturers that thrive when their roots are submerged in moisture.To learn more about terrestrial plants, refer to:
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During which process does mrna bind to ribosomes, allowing a protein to be made?
Answer:
Translation
Explanation:
During translation, mRNA arrives at a ribosome. Within the ribosome, the mRNA temporarily binds to tRNA's via complementation. The tRNA's are responsible for gathering the relevant amino acids and creating a new protein.
Environmental and cultural factors don't affect someone's level of learning or academic performance that much. please select the best answer from the choices provided t f
It is false that environmental and cultural factors don't affect someone's level of learning or academic performance that much.
Cultural mores can cause conflict between various cultural groups.The setting in which an action is acceptable is influenced by culture.How environmental and cultural factors influence learning?The social environment has an impact on learning by providing a kid with a language and experience-rich setting that stimulates cognitive development, as well as by consistently rewarding them for learning.Cultural factors that might influence are:
Socialization during childhoodSociocultural closeness Ecological adaptationBiological consequencesLanguage are among the factors.Learn more about cultural factors here:
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When a single gene locus affects more than one trait, this is called ____________ .
When a single gene locus affects more than one trait, this is called
PLEIOTROPY
What is pleiotropy?It is known as "PLEIOTROPY" when a single locus affects two or more phenotypic qualities that are seemingly unrelated to one another. This phenomenon is frequently referred to as a single mutation that impacts two or more wild-type attributes. When two or more qualities reliably segregate with a particular mutation, that mutation is referred to as pleiotropic. The research of pleiotropic genes often involves evaluation of segregation patterns or, more recently, the mapping of mutant phenotypic traits to a single mutant locus.
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What structures/ property of the heart in the heart (cardiac muscle) prevents the heart from having tetany?
Which of these organisms experience the highest rate of cellular respiration due to activity levels
A. Plants
B. Protozoa
C. Animals
D. Fungi
Answer: animals
Explanation:
Answer: It's Fungi.
Explanation:
Anatomically modern human fossils were discovered in the european upper paleolithic site of group of answer choices cro-magnon, france. atapuerca, spain. petralona, greece. mauer, germany.
Anatomically modern human fossils were discovered in the First European Upper Paleothilic Site was Atapuerca, Spain.
Following are some facts related to the discovery:
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What would you label the range of temperature from 90°f to 94°f for this particular species?
The tolerance range of a species is determined by environmental conditions. The range of temperature from 90°f to 94°f for this particular fish species is the Physiological stress zone. Option B.
What is the tolerance range of a species?
The tolerance range can be defined as the range of environmental conditions between which an organism or a species is potentially capable of surviving.
When talking about environmental conditions, we are referring to factors such as temperature, pH, latitude, altitude, salinity, humidity, radiation, etcetera. These are the limiting factors.
Limiting factors are environmental biotic or abiotic conditions that directly act on populations and individuals, limiting their distribution and growth. These factors affect natality and mortality rate, migration, etcetera.
The tolerance range depends on the species and the individual development stage.
• Different species express different tolerance ranges for the same limiting factor.
• An individual can change its tolerance range with time.
Three different zones can be distinguished for a species according to its tolerance range,
Optimum zone → there is a high number of individualsPhysiological stress zone → there is a low number of individualsIntolerance zone → No individuals at allIn the exposed example,
Optimum zone → Between 95F-96FPhysiological stress zone → 97F-100F and 90F-94F Intolerance zone → Above 100F and Below 90FIn the attched files you will find a graph with this information.
The range of temperature from 90°f to 94°f for this particular fish species is the Physiological stress zone. Option B.
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Complete question:
Use the following example for the question. A species of fish can withstand a narrow range of temperature. Above 100F there are no individuals present. In the range from 97F-100F and 90F-94F there are a few individuals present. Below 90F there are no individuals present. Between 95F-96F there are many individuals.
What would you label the range of temperature from 90F to 94F for this particular species?
A. zone of intolerance
B. zone of physiological stress
C. tolerance limit range
D. optimal range
E. range of tolerance
What are the steps that lead to increased excitability in a neuron when ne is released presynaptically?
What are the steps that lead to increased excitability in a neuron when ne is released presynaptically? G-protein in the membrane is activated when the NE receptor is attached to a receptor.
What is excitability in a neuron?The action potential serves as the foundation for a neuron's excitability, or its capacity to produce a significant, fast shift in membrane voltage in response to a very minor input. The loss of the negative transmembrane potential due to an inward current of positive charges is caused by the action potential, which typically progresses to a positive transmembrane potential before swiftly repolarizing back to a negative transmembrane potential.
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A function of protein is to help maintain fluid distribution within the body by?
Function of protein is to help maintain fluid distribution within the body by Attracting water into compartments where it is needed.
Protein function by attracting water into the compartments with the help of Aquaporins.
Aquaporins regulate the flow of water into and out of the cells. For the proteins that float freely in a cell, the attraction is dependent on the arrangement of water molecules.
Aquaporins are integral membrane proteins serving as a channel for water transfer. They are present in the biological membranes. They form water channels and allows movement of water.
Proteins are water loving i.e. hydrophilic.
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In what ways is human population ecology similar to and different from that of other organisms? why is it difficult to determine a carrying capacity for humans?
Human can regulate or control their fertility . Population are not limited according to the natural resources. The nutritional requirement of human are unique in the animal kingdom.
In humans , they are complex species we do not reproduce , consume resources and interact with our living environment uniformly.If human consume only what they actually needed then the earth could potentially support a much higher figure.
There are current limiting factors for growth of humans are pollution and land for agriculture. Carrying capacity is the level of production that does not impact undesirably on the surrounding ecosystem.There are four categories such as - physical. ecological, economic, and social carrying capacities.
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In a humid-temperate climate such as that of pennsylvania or washington, dc, weathering breaks down granite to produce?
In a humid-temperate climate such as that of Pennsylvania or Washington, dc, weathering breaks down granite to produce Quartz sand, clay, and rust, that stay to help make soil, while some ions dissolve and wash away.
Weathering of granite in Pennsylvania or Washington DC or other places where abundant rain falls makes some things (clay, rust, and quartz sand) that stay behind to contribute to soil, and other things (soluble ions) that dissolve and wash away very quickly.
Weathering describes the breaking down or dissolving of rocks and minerals on the surface of the Earth. Water, ice, acids, salts, plants, animals, and changes in temperature are all agents of weathering. Once a rock has been broken down, a process called erosion transports the bits of rock and mineral away. No rock on Earth is hard enough to resist the forces of weathering and erosion.
Weathering is often divided into the processes of mechanical weathering and chemical weathering
Biological weathering, in which living or once-living organisms contribute to weathering, can be a part of both processes. Mechanical weathering, also called physical weathering and disaggregation, causes rocks to crumble. Chemical weathering changes the molecular structure of rocks and soil. For instance, carbon dioxide from the air or soil sometimes combines with water in a process called carbonation.Here is the complete question -
Q. In a humid-temperate climate such as that of Pennsylvania or Washington, DC, weathering breaks down granite to produce:
(a)Quartz sand and rust, that stay to help make soil, while aluminium, potassium and other ions dissolve and wash away.
(b)Quartz sand, clay, and rust, that stay to help make soil, while some ions dissolve and wash away.
(c)Diet Pepsi.
(d)Quartz sand and clay, that stay to help make soil, while iron and other ions dissolve and wash away.
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