Resting membrane potential depends on differential distribution of ions across the axon and active transport of ions across the membrane.
What is resting membrane potential?Resting membrane potential is the static potential difference between the inside of the cell to outside due to the differential distribution of ions on both side of the membrane.It is due to uneven distribution of ions, differential permeability of membrane to the ions and the activity of ion channels like Na+ and K+ channel.During the resting membrane potential, a cell is at rest and does not carry any signal.The value of resting membrane potential varies in different cell types.In a typical nerve cell, value of resting membrane potential is -70mV.When the cells are excited, membrane potential changes drastically for few milliseconds and is called action potential.Learn more about resting membrane potential here:
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The cerebral cortex receives blood from the anterior, middle, and posterior ________ arteries.
The cerebral cortex receives blood from the anterior, middle, and posterior Carotid arteries.
About cerebral cortex:
Cerebral cortex controls the motor activities and reacts on the basis of sensations received through the thalamus. The cerebral cortex, which controls motor actions, receives sensations from the thalamus and responds accordingly. Essentially, the brain receives blood flow from four arteries: paired internal carotid arteries and paired vertebral arteries. At the ventral side of the pons, two vertebral arteries combine to produce the basilar artery, which then splits into the posterior cerebral arteries. The anterior and middle cerebral arteries emerge from the internal carotid artery. The arterial circle of Willis is formed by the communication between the anterior, middle, and posterior cerebral arteries.Learn more about the cerebral cortex with the help of the given link:
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Which electrical signal can allow for rapid long-distance communication within the nervous system?
Answer:
Which electrical signal can allow for rapid long-distance communication within the nervous system?
nerve action potential
Which correctly describes the projected growth of the worlds population in the future
The goal of population projections is to predict future changes in the statistics of the human population. These projections are a crucial component of analyses of the population's effects on the environment and the future well-being of humanity.Population growth models relate future estimates to tendencies in human development. In order to understand how economic, social, and technical influences will affect fertility and mortality, and subsequently population increase, these models make trend-based assumptions about how populations will respond to these pressures.
What is Cytoplasmic Projections?
Cytoplasmic In live cells, there is a jelly-like substance called this. It's possible that the cytoplasmic projection separates the cytoplasm from the mitochondria.
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___ phase precedes G2 phase.
If it were possible to move the terminal cisternae further away from the t-tubules, it would?
Answer:
not possible
Explanation:
The procedure to remove waste products from the blood of the urinary problem caused by interference with the normal nerve pathways associated with urination is known as ____________________ bladder.
Urinary dysfunction in neurogenic bladder is brought on by disruption of the regular neural pathways that control urination.
What happens in neurogenic bladder?
When a brain, spinal cord, or nerve disorder impairs bladder control, it is known as neurogenic bladder. The bladder must coordinate with a number of muscles and nerves in order to store urine until you are ready to empty it. The muscles that control bladder emptying are communicated with by nerve signals from the brain. The muscles might not be able to contract or relax at the proper moment if these nerves are injured due to disease or trauma.Learn more about the Neurogenic bladder with the help of the given link:
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What is unusual about olfactory receptors compared to most other mature mammalian neurons?
When aging neurons die, they can be replaced is unusual about olfactory receptors compared to most other mature mammalian neurons.
What is neuron?Information is transmitted via neurons. They communicate between various brain regions and between the brain and the rest of the nervous system through electrical impulses and chemical signals.The basic building blocks of the brain and nervous system are neurons (also known as neurones or nerve cells). A neuron is made up of a cell body, which includes a nucleus and cytoplasm, from which long, thin portions that resemble hair grow. The neuron's lone long component, known as the axon, is responsible for carrying nerve impulses to various body areas. Dendrites are the short, branching components of the neuron.The fundamental unit of the neurological system is the neuron. Dendrites, cell bodies, and axons are the three distinct components of all neurons. The structure of the neuron is specifically equipped to quickly transmit electrical information over long distances in the body.
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A trait such as eye color, which shows extensive variation within a population is the result of __________ .
Answer:
probably natural selection but it could also be discontinous variation.
Explanation:
depends on what context is??
An abnormal accumulation of fluid in the intercellular spaces of the body that is localized or diffused is referred to as ___________.
An abnormal accumulation of fluid in the intercellular spaces of the body that is localized or diffused is referred to as Edema.
The medical term for swelling brought on by fluid becoming trapped in your body's tissues is edema. Edema can affect your face, hands, abdomen, and legs, but it most frequently affects your feet, ankles, and legs. Edema will make some body parts enlarge (swell), which can make it difficult for you to carry out your usual activities.
If you were sitting or standing for a long time, elevating the swollen area of your body or moving about will assist reduce swelling and make you feel better. Edema grading is a measure that's used to gauge how serious of an edoema diagnosis you have and how much fluid has accumulated in your tissues.
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What are the products of the breakdown of a single pyruvate molecule?
Hi there,
I hope you and your family are staying safe and healthy!
The products that are part of the breakdown of a single pyruvate molecule are:
One Acetyl Group One NADH Molecule One CO2Please leave 5 stars and a like if you find this answer helpful!
Happy to help!
~Garebear
How would you describe the environment a pathogen would encounter in the small intestine?
The environment that a pathogen would encounter in the small intestine would be harsh and unfavorable for its existence.
The small intestine has a harsh environment for microbial life on account of short transit time, the influx of digestive enzymes as well as bile and intermittent food substrate delivery.
The intestinal microbiota is the collective term used to describe the large and diverse microbial community that inhabits the intestine.
An important benefit provided by the intestinal microbiota to the host intestine is the protection from colonization by exogenous pathogens (a phenomenon nowadays termed as colonization resistance) and from overgrowth of indigenous pathobionts i.e. potential pathogenic symbionts of the microbiota.
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______________ are cycles of materials through the biotic and abiotic components of earth.
Biogeochemical cycle are cycles of materials through the biotic and abiotic components of earth.
A biogeochemical cycle refers to the processes through which an element or compound like water moves between its different living and nonliving forms and places in the biosphere.
The biogeochemical cycles of water, carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, and sulfur are crucial to living things. Heat is produced as energy moves through an ecosystem, yet chemical components are recycled.Elements are carried through biogeochemical cycles in a number of ways, from the nonliving (abiotic) to the living (biotic) components of the biosphere, and back again.Learn more about the Biogeochemical cycle with the help of the given link:
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During which phase of meiosis do the homologous chromosomes separate and head towards opposite poles of the cell?
During anaphase, homologous chromosomes separate and head towards opposite poles of the cell.
A cell prepares for cell division by replicating its chromosomes, segregating them, and creating two identical nuclei during the mitotic phase. After the metaphase procedure, the mitotic stage known as anaphase occurs during which the freshly replicated chromosomes are transferred to the opposing poles of the cell and the replicated chromosomes are split. Sister chromatids split from one another and are drawn to the opposite ends of the cell during anaphase. The sister chromatids are able to separate because the protein "glue" holding them together is degraded. Each chromosome now exists on its own. Each pair's chromosomes are drawn to the cell's opposite ends.learn more about anaphase here:
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An example of homeostasis in living organisms is.............
a. cooling effect resulting from evaporation of water from the body surface
b. root hairs of a plant growing towards a source of light
c. changing of the body color of a chameleon to match the color of the foliage on which it is resting
d. the release of phosphorus into the phloem of a plant growing in a phosphorus deficient soil.
PLS HELP ASAP to choose the correct option
Answer:
d. the release of phosphorus into the phloem of a plant growing in a phosphorus deficient soil.
Explanation:
Homeostasis is a living organism's way of maintaining a stable internal environment even in the event of external environmental changes. When the plant keeps supplying phosphorus to the phloem even in the case of a deficiency in the soil, it maintains a steady balance on its inside irrespective of the lack in the soil.
When lions pick off the slowest members of a herd they are hunting why is it beneficial to the group as a whole?
A. The herd puts the least desirable members on the outside for the lions to eat.
B. It keeps the lions busy long enough for the rest to get away.
C. It keeps the herd stronger through natural selection.
D. It does not benefit the herd.
Answer:
C
Explanation:
The one that got caught was the one that was most likely least essential to the herds' survival. It was either sick, young, elderly or injured.
Bone resorption inhibitors treat rheumatoid arthritis. decrease inflammation of bones. strengthen bone affected by osteoporosis. prevent hypocalcemia. suppress inflammation
Bone resorption inhibitors prevent the breakdown of bone tissues and are therefore used to strengthen bone affected by osteoporosis.
What is osteoporosis?It is a condition in which the bones have become weak and turned brittle. The term osteoporosis means 'porous bones. Osteoporosis weakens the bones and thus increases the risk of bone fractures which are sudden and unexpected.
This disease causes a decrease in bone density. It usually starts without any symptoms and doesn't cause any pain and is only diagnosed when a fracture has been caused in a weak bone.
Bone resorption is a natural process of breakdown of bone tissue to supply calcium to the body and this process is usually carried out with bone formation.
During osteoporosis, medications suppressing bone resorption are prescribed to inhibit or slow down the process of breakdown of bones
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Bacterial and archaeal ribosomes are known as _________ ribosomes, based on their sedimentation coefficient.
Bacterial and archaeal ribosomes are known as 70s ribosomes, based on their sedimentation coefficient.
The process of making proteins in a cell takes place at an intercellular structure called a ribosome, which is formed of both RNA and protein. The messenger RNA (mRNA) sequence is read by the ribosome, which then converts the genetic code into a specific string of amino acids that develop into extended chains and fold to create proteins. As a compound of RNA and protein, a ribosome is also referred to as a ribonucleoprotein. It is made up of two smaller and larger subunits. The bigger subunit is where the amino acids are added, and the smaller subunit is where the mRNA binds and is decoded. Protein and ribonucleic acid are both present in both subunits.
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Biologically-based personality tendencies evidence in early childhood are called?
The side of the epithelia facing the extracellular fluid surrounding the intestine is the_______________side
The side of the epithelia facing the extracellular fluid surrounding the intestine is the basolateral side.
Different amino acid transport mechanisms exist in the intestine basolateral membrane than in the brush border membrane. The portion of the plasma membrane at the basolateral side of the cell that confronts other cells and the connective tissue beneath is known as the basolateral cell membrane. The membrane at the cell's base and sides is referred to as basolateral. A barrier between the cell and the blood or other cells is created by the basolateral membrane. Through specialized protein transporters, the basolateral membrane's primary job is to move nutrients from the cell to the blood plasma.learn more about basolateral here: https://brainly.com/question/13340743
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Fluid excess can be caused by volume excess or a condition called ____________ hydration
Fluid excess can be caused by volume excess or a condition called hypervolemia hydration.
Hypervolemia, also called fluid overload, is the condition of having too much water in your body. While the body normally has a certain amount of fluids in it, too much fluid can damage your health.
Fluid excess can occur in two main ways in the body, water intoxication and edema. Firstly Water Intoxication The result of an excess of extracellular water without having an excess of solutes. Secondly Edema the excess of both solutes and water, which is also termed isotonic volume excess. ECF volume expansion typically occurs in heart failure, kidney failure, nephrotic syndrome, and cirrhosis.
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What term designates foods that contain nonnutrient substances that may provide health benefits beyond basic nutrition?
The food that contains non-nutrient substances that may provide health benefits beyond basic nutrition is termed as Functional foods.
What are the benefits of functional foods?They are considered to be whole, fortified, enriched and enhanced foods.They do not contain essential nutrients like minerals, vitamins, protein etc.When functional foods are added to the diet on a regular basis they in a good amount then they provide health benefits to our body.This may also help to reduce the risk of disease.Example of functional foods: - Fruits : berries, apple, banana, orange, guava etc.Nuts: almonds, cashew, dates, pistachio etc.Vegetables : bottle gourd, carrot, radish, spinach etc.Seed : chia seeds, pumpkin seeds etc.To know more about nutrition visit: https://brainly.com/question/11856920
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__medium distinguishes different types of microorganisms based on an observable change in the colonies or in the medium.
A differential medium is a type of media that distinguishes different types of microorganisms based on an observable change in the media.
What is a differential medium?A differential medium is any medium for bacterial growth that contains selective agents used to discriminate between different microorganisms present in such medium.
A differential medium can be, for example, a blood agar medium that has bovine blood cells which is selective to Streptococcus bacteria.
In conclusion, a differential medium is a type of media that distinguishes different types of microorganisms based on an observable change in the media.
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When cells are exposed to sublethal doses of ionizing radiation, repair and recovery may occur because cells:______.
Answer:
Contain a repair mechanism inherent in their biochemistry (repair enzymes)
Explanation:
When cells are exposed to sublethal doses of ionizing radiation, repair and recovery may occur because cells: Contain a repair mechanism inherent in their biochemistry (repair enzymes).
Students are having a group discussion and notice that maria has not had a chance to introduce her thoughts. which student response best draws maria into the discussion?
How could an error during transcription affect the protein that is produced
Answer:
B. The protein would be made of the wrong nucleic (amino) acids.
Concepts:
Proteins are made up of different amnio acids. A good analogy is that a protein is like a train, and the individual cars are amnio-acids. Different combinations of cars, in different orders give different trains. In the same way, different amnio-acids, in different combinations give different kinds of proteins. Digestion, be it in animals or humans, results in the breakdown proteins into their amnio acid components. The intestine absorbs the individual amnio acids and the body ships these amnio acids to the cells. On top of that, some very special train cars are made inside the rail-yard, in the same way some very special amino acids can be made inside our cells. Cellular processes rearrange the amnio acids in new ways to make new proteins that are used by the animal or human for various bodily functions. So think of the cell as the railyard where new trains (proteins) are made but reassembling the cars (amnio-acids) into new and different combinations. Proteins perform a vast array of functions within living organisms, including catalyzing metabolic reactions, replicating DNA, responding to stimuli, and transporting molecules from one location to another. Proteins are way more than just building muscle.
Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins. Imagine amino acids like lego blocks, you can assemble them into any shape and size. Amino acids are all identical, except for a single “side group”. This side group can be a single hydrogen, a complex carbon chain, some nitrogen groups, etc etc. These give the amino acids different properties, which gives the proteins a function. Any protein you eat will be broken down into its base amino acid components. It doesn’t matter if you eat chicken, peas, beef or mushrooms, you will still get the same amino acids, which your body can use to make any protein. The lego structure will be split into individual blocks, which your body will assemble into functional proteins. Eating “collagen protein” for smooth skin doesn’t work, Nor eating “special proteins” for some magic purpose. In fact, overeating one single source of protein will harm you. Some plants like wheat don’t have the same ratio of proteins as humans, so if you only ate wheat you would be short of some amino acids. It’s like disassembling a black lego boat and expecting to build a blue sphere - impossible.
What is transcription in biology?
Transcription is the process through which DNA is utilized as a template to create a complementary RNA strand in biology. This is the initial stage of protein synthesis or information transfer within a cell. DNA contains genetic information, which is subsequently transferred to RNA during transcription before being used to control protein synthesis during translation. Messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA are the three forms of RNA that may be generated (rRNA). Pre-commencement, initiation, elongation, and termination are the four phases of transcription.
The RNA polymerase component initiates pre-initiation by attaching to a promoter region situated at the 5' end of a DNA strand. The DNA strand is denatured, which uncouples the two complimentary strands and allows the enzyme to access the template strand. The partner strand is the opposite strand. Promoter sequences on the DNA strand are critical for transcriptional start. Promoter sequences are particular sequences of the ribonucleotide bases that make up the DNA strand (adenine, thymine, guanine, and cytosine), and the identification of some of these motifs, including TATAAT and TTGACA in prokaryotes and TATAAAA and GGCCAATCT in eukaryotes, has been identified. These are referred to as cis-acting elements. In eukaryotes, an extra transcription factor is required to assist RNA polymerase binding to the promoter region.
An undetected mistake in DNA transcription might result in a change in the amino acid sequence of the protein generated as a result of the transcription. If there is a change in the amino acid sequence, it might either be a detriment or a benefit to the organism.
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What type of conduction takes place in unmyelinated axons?
a. a electrical conduction
b. synaptic transmission
c. continuous conduction
d. saltatory conduction
An action potential which moves between the nodes of Ranvier during transmission of impulse, saltatory conduction occur in unmyelinated axons. Thus, option D is correct.
What is the role of axon?In vertebrate nervous system, an axon, conducts electrical impulses known as action potentials away from the nerve cell body and transmit impulse to other neurons, muscles etc.
Two types of axons are present in human nervous system, such as myelinated and unmyelinated axons.
Myelin means a layer of a fatty insulating substance which surround the axon called as myelinated axon where as unmyelinated does not have fatty layer substance. Thus, option D is correct.
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The placenta is formed by endometrial tissue of the uterine lining and the ________
The placenta is formed by endometrial tissue of the uterine lining and the chorion, which is a membrane that surrounds the embryo and helps to form the placenta.
What is the placenta?The placenta is an organ that develops during pregnancy and connects the developing fetus to the uterine wall to allow for nutrient uptake, waste elimination, and gas exchange via the mother's blood supply.
The placenta also produces hormones that are important for pregnancy, such as human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) and progesterone. It acts as a barrier, preventing the mother's immune system from attacking the developing fetus. The placenta is usually expelled from the mother's body after the baby is born.
Thus, the placenta is formed by endometrial tissue of the uterine lining and the chorion.
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Crude oil is ________. a. composed of less than ten different hydrocarbon molecules b. usable in its raw form c. formed in a wide range of temperature and pressure circumstances
Crude oil is refined to separate the chemicals used for gasoline, lubricants, plastics, and other products.
In a distillation tower, the crude oil is separated by boiling point after being heated by a furnace. The material is then transformed into finished goods like fuels like gasoline and diesel, as well as specialty items like asphalt and solvents, by using heat, pressure, or a catalyst.Ethane, liquid petroleum gas (LPG), and naphtha are the three main petrochemical feedstocks generated from crude oil. These are mostly employed in the creation of synthetic fibers, plastic polymers, and other petrochemical intermediates. With increased global income, demand for these products will only continue to rise.learn more about Crude oil here:
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What is the process by whihc a germ cell's complement of zygots is halved in the formation of gametes?
Meiosis is the process by which a germ cell's complement of the zygote is halved in the formation of gametes.
Meiosis is a type of cell division that results in the production of four gamete cells and a 50% reduction in the number of chromosomes in the parent cell.
Stages of Meiosis
Meiosis I
Meiosis I produces two haploid cells with individual chromatid pairs by segregating homologous chromosomes into tetrads.
Prophase I
The first phase of meiosis, prophase I, is by far the longest. The creation of at least one crossover per chromosome occurs during prophase I, when homologous maternal and paternal chromosomes pair, synapses, and exchange genetic data.
Metaphase I : Along the metaphase plate, homologous pairs travel together.
Anaphase I: Since each homologous chromosome is made up of two sister chromatids, kinetochore microtubules shrink and tug homologous chromosomes to opposing poles.
Telophase I: The chromosomes reach the poles, which effectively marks the end of the first meiotic division. Now, each daughter cell has half as many chromosomes, but each chromosome is made up of two chromatids.
Meiosis II
The second meiotic division, or meiosis II, typically entails equational segregation, or the partition of sister chromatids.
Hence, Meiosis is the process by which a germ cell's complement of the zygote is halved in the formation of gametes.
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During meiosis i, homologous chromosomes undergo crossing over while they are side-by-side in an event called ______.
Answer:
During meiosis i, homologous chromosomes undergo crossing over while they are side-by-side in an event called synapsis.
Explanation:
The synapse's ability to alter as a result of repeated stimulation, reinforcement (such as via reward), or reduction in neurotransmission under other circumstances makes it important. These are referred to as long-term depression or potentiation. Synaptic plasticity, often known as the capacity for change, is what underlies learning in all contexts, including associative learning, associative memory, and episodic memory. You may think of it as residues of neurotransmitters that are reinforced and are used to form memories, routines, and personality traits.