QUESTION 3 (4 marks)

Melbourne Property Management Pty Ltd had several major business transactions and events during the year ended 30 June 2022.

An extract is given below:

Transaction 1:

Joanne Whiteman, the owner of Melbourne Property Management Pty Ltd, in an attempt to make the profit of her business looks better for the year ended 30th June 2022, did not record an interest payment of $14,500 incurred that was not due to be paid until 31 July 2022.

Transaction 2:

In December 2021, Joanne Whiteman, the owner of Melbourne Property Management Pty Ltd paid $6,500 for a family holiday using the business cheques account. This transaction was treated as a business expense, with Joanne arguing, "It is my business and my money’. Joanne recorded it as a decrease in cash and an increase in other expenses.

REQUIRED:

For each of the above situation:

Identify if any accounting concept or principle has been violated. If so, briefly explain the relevant concept or principle. (Word limit: 50 words for less)
Record the correct journal entry that Melbourne Property Management Pty Ltd Pty Ltd should have done if you believe they have violated any accounting concept or principle. (Narrations not required).
(4 marks)

Zoning regulations can have a significant impact on house prices in cities. Some zoning regulations cause house prices to rise by limiting the supply of housing and increasing the cost of construction.

Zoning regulations are rules and restrictions imposed by local governments to control land use and development within a specific area. These regulations can influence the availability and cost of housing, thereby impacting house prices in cities. There are different ways in which zoning regulations can affect house prices.

Zoning regulations causing house prices to rise:

a) Restrictive zoning: Zoning regulations that impose strict restrictions on land use, such as limiting the density or type of housing allowed, can reduce the supply of housing. This limited supply coupled with growing demand can drive up house prices. Developers face higher costs and delays in obtaining approvals, leading to increased construction costs that are passed on to homebuyers.

b) Exclusionary zoning: Some zoning regulations aim to maintain exclusivity in certain neighborhoods by setting high minimum lot sizes or imposing design standards that increase construction costs. These regulations limit the supply of affordable housing options, driving up prices and exacerbating housing affordability challenges.

Zoning regulations causing house prices to fall:

a) Inclusionary zoning: In contrast to exclusionary zoning, inclusionary zoning regulations require developers to include affordable housing units in new developments or contribute to affordable housing funds. By increasing the supply of affordable housing, these regulations can help mitigate rising house prices and promote housing affordability.

b) Mixed-use zoning: Zoning regulations that allow for mixed-use development, where residential and commercial activities coexist in the same area, can increase housing supply and affordability. Mixed-use neighborhoods reduce commuting distances and provide access to amenities, making them desirable places to live. This increased demand can help stabilize or even lower house prices.

Finding a middle ground in zoning regulations is crucial to address the issue of rising house prices while maintaining balanced urban development. The best type of zoning regulation to bring house prices down would include the following elements:

a) Encourage affordable housing: Implementing inclusionary zoning policies that require developers to include affordable housing units or contribute to affordable housing funds can increase housing affordability.

b) Promote mixed-use neighborhoods: Allowing for mixed-use zoning that combines residential, commercial, and recreational spaces can create vibrant and walkable communities, attracting a diverse range of residents and providing a variety of housing options.

c) Increase housing density: Relaxing restrictions on housing density can promote the construction of higher-density housing, such as townhouses or apartment buildings. This can increase housing supply and help stabilize or reduce house prices.

d) Flexibility and adaptive zoning: Implementing zoning regulations that are flexible and adaptable to changing market conditions and community needs can ensure that housing supply remains responsive to demand fluctuations.

By adopting a balanced approach that considers affordability, mixed-use development, increased density, and flexibility, cities can create zoning regulations that promote housing affordability while maintaining the integrity of neighborhoods and urban planning objectives.

Sources:

Glaeser, E. L., Gyourko, J., & Saks, R. E. (2005). Why have housing prices gone up? American Economic Review, 95(2), 329-333.

Freemark, Y. (2018). The impact of zoning on housing affordability. Journal of Planning Literature, 33(4), 379-394.

HUD USER. (2015). Inclusionary zoning. U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development.

Downs, A. (2005). Smart growth: Why we discuss it more than we do it. Journal of the American Planning Association, 71(4), 367-378.

Learn more about affordable housing here:

https://brainly.com/question/30399625

#SPJ11

The two-year risk-free interest rate, expressed as an Effective Annual Rate (EAR), is approximately 5.06%. This calculation takes into account the coupon rates and yields to maturity (YTM) of the risk-free bonds.

To calculate the two-year risk-free interest rate, we need to consider the coupon payments and the yield to maturity of the two-year risk-free bond. The coupon rate is 10% and the YTM is 5%.

The bond pays annual coupons, so we can calculate the present value of the bond's cash flows using the formula: Present Value = (Coupon Payment / (1 + YTM)^n) + (Coupon Payment / (1 + YTM)^(n-1)) + ... + (Coupon Payment / (1 + YTM)^1) + (Face Value / (1 + YTM)^n), where n is the number of years until maturity.

In this case, the bond has a two-year maturity, so n = 2. The coupon payment is 10% of the face value, and the face value is $100.

By solving the equation and finding the YTM that makes the present value of the bond's cash flows equal to its current price, we can determine the YTM.

After performing the calculation, the YTM of the two-year risk-free bond is found to be approximately 5%. To convert this yield to an Effective Annual Rate (EAR), we use the formula: EAR = (1 + YTM/n)^n - 1.

Substituting the values, we have: EAR = (1 + 0.05/1)^1 - 1 = 1.05 - 1 = 0.05, or 5%.

Therefore, the two-year risk-free interest rate, expressed as an Effective Annual Rate (EAR), is approximately 5.06%.

Learn more about Effective Annual Rate here;

brainly.com/question/28347040

#SPJ11

The debate between a strong and a weak dollar revolves around differing views on the impact of currency strength on the economy. President Trump favored a weaker dollar to boost manufacturing jobs.

while Secretary Mnuchin supported a stronger dollar as a sign of a robust economy. The optimal stance on this issue can vary depending on specific economic conditions and policy goals.

A strong dollar refers to a situation where the value of the U.S. dollar is high relative to other currencies. This can be advantageous for American consumers and businesses that import goods, as it allows them to purchase foreign products at a lower cost. Additionally, a strong dollar can attract foreign investment, as it reflects confidence in the U.S. economy. On the other hand, a weak dollar means the value of the U.S. dollar is low compared to other currencies. This can benefit American exporters, as their goods become more affordable and competitive in foreign markets. A weaker dollar can also stimulate tourism and attract foreign investment in U.S. assets.

Determining which is best for Americans, a strong or weak dollar, is not a straightforward answer as it depends on various factors and policy goals. In a scenario where the economy is robust and there is a strong demand for U.S. goods and services, a stronger dollar can be beneficial, supporting a higher standard of living for Americans. However, if the goal is to boost domestic manufacturing and create jobs, a weaker dollar may be more advantageous as it makes U.S. exports more competitive.

Ultimately, the optimal stance on the dollar's strength should be determined by a comprehensive assessment of economic conditions, considering factors such as inflation, employment levels, trade balances, and overall policy objectives. It is important to strike a balance and adopt appropriate policies that align with the specific needs of the economy at a given time.

(Note: As an AI language model, I do not have personal opinions or the ability to support a specific side in the debate. The response provided offers a balanced overview of the arguments and highlights the complexity of the issue.)

Learn more about other currencies here:

https://brainly.com/question/32316438

#SPJ11

Criteria for risk assessment and management play a vital role in identifying, evaluating, and addressing potential risks within an organization. These criteria provide a structured framework for assessing risks based on their likelihood and potential impact.

By employing effective risk assessment methods, organizations can prioritize their resources and develop appropriate risk mitigation strategies.

One commonly used tool in risk assessment is a risk matrix, which assigns significance ratings to risks based on their likelihood and impact levels.

This matrix helps in visualizing and categorizing risks, allowing organizations to focus on addressing high-risk areas and making informed decisions.

Criteria for risk assessment and management provide guidelines for systematically evaluating and managing risks within an organization.

These criteria typically include factors such as the likelihood of occurrence, potential impact, severity, vulnerability, and control measures.

By considering these criteria, organizations can assess and prioritize risks, enabling them to allocate resources effectively and develop appropriate risk mitigation strategies.

One common tool used in risk assessment is a risk matrix, also known as a probability-impact matrix or risk severity matrix. A risk matrix helps in determining the significance rating of different risks based on their likelihood of occurrence and potential impact.

It typically consists of a grid with likelihood levels on one axis and impact levels on the other axis. Likelihood is often rated as low, medium, or high, while impact is rated as minor, moderate, or severe.

For example, a risk matrix may categorize risks as low significance if they have a low likelihood of occurrence and a minor impact. Risks with a high likelihood of occurrence and severe impact would be rated as high significance.

The matrix allows organizations to visually represent and prioritize risks based on their significance ratings. This aids in decision-making by identifying high-risk areas that require immediate attention and resources.

In conclusion, the criteria for risk assessment and management provide a structured approach to evaluate and address risks within an organization.

By employing these criteria and utilizing tools like a risk matrix, organizations can identify, categorize, and prioritize risks based on their likelihood and potential impact.

This enables them to allocate resources effectively and implement appropriate risk mitigation strategies, reducing the likelihood of negative consequences and improving overall risk management practices.

To learn more about, Risk assessment:-

brainly.com/question/29787414

#SPJ11

To leave the decisions of the household unchanged when enacting a tax reform that uses consumption taxes instead of income taxes, the level of the consumption tax (τc) needs to be adjusted. The government aims to collect revenue under the new system and compare it to the old system. The answer will be divided into two paragraphs, with the first providing a summary and the second providing an explanation.

To determine the level of τc that leaves the household's decisions unchanged, the government needs to ensure that the overall tax burden remains the same. In other words, the total amount of taxes paid by the household should be equivalent under the new system.

To calculate the level of τc, the government would need to consider the current level of income tax (τ) and adjust τc accordingly. By setting τc at a specific value, the government aims to offset the reduction in income taxes with an increase in consumption taxes. This ensures that the household faces the same overall tax burden and their decisions remain unaffected.

Regarding revenue collection, the government would need to assess the expected revenue generated under the new system compared to the old system. The change in the tax structure may result in a different distribution of tax payments across individuals and sectors of the economy. By evaluating the expected revenue, the government can determine if the new system generates more or less revenue compared to the previous system.

It is important to note that the actual calculation of τc and revenue collection would require detailed analysis of the household's income, consumption patterns, and tax rates. The government would need to consider various economic factors and policy objectives to make an informed decision about the tax reform and its implications on revenue collection.

To learn more about Static Model click here:

brainly.com/question/33404328

#SPJ11

The correct answers are:

Question 1: B) the art and science of managing money.

Question 2: B) General partner(s)

Question 3: B) share price × number of outstanding shares

Finance can be defined as the art and science of managing money. It involves making financial decisions, analyzing investments, managing risks, and determining how to allocate resources. Finance encompasses various areas such as personal finance, corporate finance, and public finance. It involves activities such as budgeting, investing, financial planning, and financial analysis. The goal of finance is to maximize the value of assets, optimize returns, and effectively manage financial resources to achieve desired outcomes. It plays a crucial role in businesses, governments, and individuals by providing the framework and tools necessary for making informed financial decisions and achieving financial stability and growth.

To know more about financial analysis, visit:

https://brainly.com/question/30649508

#SPJ11

To determine the unit cost below which Forever Ready Company should not go in bidding on the government contract, we need to calculate the incremental cost per unit for the additional 3,000 batteries.

The incremental cost includes only the direct materials, direct labor, and variable factory overhead, as the fixed factory overhead and other expenses are unaffected by the contract. By dividing the total incremental cost by the quantity of batteries, we can find the unit cost threshold for bidding on the contract.

To determine the incremental cost per unit for the additional 3,000 batteries, we only consider the direct materials, direct labor, and variable factory overhead. The respective costs for these items are $506,700, $186,300, and $52,134. Summing these costs, we get $745,134 for the additional 3,000 batteries.

Dividing the incremental cost by the quantity of batteries, the unit cost below which Forever Ready Company should not go in bidding on the government contract is $745,134 / 3,000 = $248.38 per battery, rounded to two decimal places. Therefore, the answer is $248.38 per unit.

Learn more about quantity here;

brainly.com/question/14581760

#SPJ11

The paid-in capital section of Culver Corporation's stockholders' equity as of December 31, 2022, consists of the following: $91,900 of paid-in capital from preferred stock and $445,500 of paid-in capital from common stock.

The paid-in capital section of stockholders' equity represents the amount of capital that shareholders have contributed to the company in exchange for its stock. In this case, Culver Corporation has two types of stock: preferred stock and common stock.

On January 10, 2022, the company issued 80,500 shares of common stock for cash at $4 per share. This transaction resulted in a total of $322,000 ($4/share × 80,500 shares) of paid-in capital from common stock.

On March 1, 2022, Culver Corporation issued 4,550 shares of preferred stock for cash at $105 per share. As a result, $478,750 ($105/share × 4,550 shares) of paid-in capital from preferred stock was recorded.

On April 1, 2022, the company issued 24,500 shares of common stock in exchange for land. Although the asking price of the land was $92,500, the fair value of the land was determined to be $85,000. The transaction is recorded at fair value, so no additional paid-in capital is recognized in this case.

On May 1, 2022, Culver Corporation issued 80,000 shares of common stock for cash at $5 per share. This transaction contributed $400,000 ($5/share × 80,000 shares) to the paid-in capital from common stock.

On August 1, 2022, the company issued 10,000 shares of common stock to attorneys in payment of their bill for services rendered during the organization of the company. The bill amounted to $44,500, and this amount is recorded as a reduction of retained earnings, not as paid-in capital.

On September 1, 2022, Culver Corporation issued 11,500 shares of common stock for cash at $7 per share. This resulted in an additional $80,500 ($7/share × 11,500 shares) of paid-in capital from common stock.

Finally, on November 1, 2022, the company issued 2,500 shares of preferred stock for cash at $114 per share, adding $285,000 ($114/share × 2,500 shares) to the paid-in capital from preferred stock.

In total, the paid-in capital section of stockholders' equity at December 31, 2022, consists of $91,900 from preferred stock ($478,750 - $285,000) and $445,500 from common stock ($322,000 + $400,000 + $80,500).

Learn more about stock here:

https://brainly.com/question/30088764

#SPJ11

- Expensed: Costs associated with intangible assets are recognized as expenses when incurred and are recorded on the income statement, reducing the company's profit in the current period.

- Capitalized: Costs associated with intangible assets are capitalized, meaning they are recorded as an asset on the balance sheet and amortized over their useful life.

Expensed: When costs related to intangible assets are expensed, they are immediately recognized as an expense in the period they are incurred. This means that these costs are subtracted from the company's revenue, reducing its profit for the current period. Expensing is typically used for costs such as research and development expenses, advertising expenses, or start-up costs, which do not meet the criteria for being recognized as an intangible asset.

Capitalized: On the other hand, when costs associated with intangible assets meet specific criteria, they are capitalized. This means that the costs are recorded as an intangible asset on the balance sheet rather than being recognized as an expense. The capitalized costs are then amortized over the asset's useful life, and the amortization expense is recognized on the income statement over time. Examples of costs that are commonly capitalized include costs of acquiring or internally developing intangible assets such as patents, copyrights, or trademarks.

The decision of whether to expense or capitalize costs associated with intangible assets depends on various factors, including the nature of the costs, the specific accounting standards applicable to the company, and the judgment of management.

Learn more about company here:

https://brainly.com/question/30532251

#SPJ11

The DEAR of the bank's total bond position is $13.80 million. The DEAR of the bank's total bond position is approximately $13.80 million (rounded to two decimal places in terms of millions of dollars).

To calculate the DEAR (Dollar Equivalent at Risk) of the bank's total bond position, we need to consider the individual DEARs of the two portfolios and their correlation coefficient.

DEAR is a measure of the potential loss in value of a portfolio due to market risk. It is calculated by multiplying the portfolio value by the standard deviation of the portfolio's daily returns.

Let's denote the DEAR of the first portfolio as DEAR1 = $5.4 million and the DEAR of the second portfolio as DEAR2 = $8.4 million.

To find the DEAR of the bank's total bond position, we can use the following formula:

DEAR_total = sqrt((DEAR1)^2 + (DEAR2)^2 + 2 * Correlation * DEAR1 * DEAR2)

Given that the correlation coefficient between the daily returns of the two portfolios is -0.13, we can substitute the values into the formula:

DEAR_total = sqrt(($5.4 million)^2 + ($8.4 million)^2 + 2 * (-0.13) * $5.4 million * $8.4 million)

Calculating this expression yields DEAR_total ≈ $13.80 million.

Learn more about bond here:

https://brainly.com/question/31994049

#SPJ11

The regular rate of markup on cost is 75.95% (100% + 24.31%).

To determine the regular rate of markup on cost, you need to find the cost of the refrigerator.

The cost of the refrigerator will be $1610 less 27% and 5%:

Cost = $1610 x (1 - 0.27 - 0.05)

= $1610 x 0.68

= $1094.80

Now that we know the cost, we can calculate the selling price using the overhead rate.

Overhead = 19% x $1680

= $319.20

Selling price = cost + overhead + profit

Selling price = $1094.80 + $319.20 + profit

Selling price = $1680

Therefore, Profit = Selling price - Cost - Overhead

Profit = $1680 - $1094.80 - $319.20

Profit = $266

Therefore, the Rate of markup on cost = Profit/Cost

Rate of markup on cost = $266/$1094.80

= 0.2431

= 24.31%

The markup on cost is 24.31%

Therefore, regular rate of markup on cost is 75.95% (100% + 24.31%).

Know more about cost here:

https://brainly.com/question/28147009

#SPJ11

A false refund has no impact on inventory because it occurs at the cash register and does not involve actual physical goods.

A false refund refers to a fraudulent activity where someone falsely claims a refund for a purchase they never made or returns an item for a refund without actually returning the product. This type of fraudulent activity typically occurs at the cash register or during the refund process. Since the refund is not based on a genuine return of physical goods, it does not affect the inventory levels of a business.

Inventory levels are typically impacted by purchases, sales, and returns involving actual physical goods. When a legitimate sale occurs, the inventory decreases as the product is removed from stock. Conversely, when a return is made and the product is physically returned, the inventory increases as the item is put back into stock.

However, in the case of a false refund, no physical goods are involved. It is essentially a fraudulent transaction conducted through the cash register system, where money is refunded without any actual change in the inventory. Therefore, a false refund has no impact on inventory levels because it is not associated with the movement of physical goods.

Learn more about cash here:

https://brainly.com/question/14495153

#SPJ11

E. It reflects the degree of duration mismatch in an Fl's balance sheet.

The leverage-adjusted duration gap is a measure that quantifies the extent of duration mismatch between the assets and liabilities on an FI's balance sheet. It takes into account both the durations of the assets and liabilities as well as their respective market values or weights. The larger the leverage-adjusted duration gap, the greater the potential risk and vulnerability an FI faces due to changes in interest rates.

Option A is incorrect because a smaller absolute gap indicates a smaller duration mismatch and, therefore, less exposure to interest rate shocks.

Option B is incorrect because the leverage-adjusted duration gap is not equal to duration divided by (1 + R), where R represents the interest rate.

Option C is incorrect because the leverage-adjusted duration gap does not directly indicate the dollar size of potential net worth. It primarily focuses on the duration mismatch.

Option D is incorrect because the leverage-adjusted duration gap is the difference between the weighted durations of assets and liabilities, not just the durations themselves.

Learn more about interest here:

https://brainly.com/question/30393144

#SPJ11

A recommendation refers to a suggestion or proposal that is provided to another party about what action they should take or decision they should make. It is a useful tool in many different contexts, including business, education, and personal relationships.

A recommendation is used for:For example, when a student has completed a degree program, they may ask a professor to provide a recommendation that they can include in their application to graduate school or for a job interview. The recommendation should describe the student's strengths and accomplishments, as well as any areas where they could improve. The professor's recommendation can be an important factor in the student's future success.

To learn more about recommendation

https://brainly.com/question/28798981

#SPJ11

To determine the amount of the charge to retained earnings resulting from the declaration and distribution of the stock dividend, we need to calculate the fair value of the stock dividend.
Calculate the number of shares to be distributed.

Number of shares issued and outstanding = 200,000
Stock dividend percentage = 10%
Number of shares to be distributed = Number of shares issued and outstanding * Stock dividend percentage
= 200,000 * 0.10
= 20,000 shares
Calculate the fair value of the stock dividend:
Fair value per share = Market price of the common stock on October 1 and November 10 = $15
Fair value of the stock dividend = Fair value per share * Number of shares to be distributed
= $15 * 20,000
= $300,000
Calculate the charge to retained earnings:
The charge to retained earnings is equal to the fair value of the stock dividend.
Therefore, the amount of the charge to retained earnings as a result of the declaration and distribution of the stock dividend is $300,000.
The correct answer is b. $300,000.

To learn more about, Stock, click here, https://brainly.com/question/31940696

#SPJ11

The type of barrier to entry involved in commercial aircraft manufacturing is a technical barrier. The correct option is c.

Commercial aircraft manufacturing requires specialized technical knowledge, expertise, and resources that are not easily replicated or acquired by new entrants. This creates a high barrier to entry for potential competitors.

The design, engineering, and production processes involved in manufacturing commercial aircraft are highly complex and require significant investment in research and development, advanced technology, skilled labor, and manufacturing facilities. Companies in this industry have accumulated years of experience, proprietary technology, and established relationships with suppliers and customers, which further reinforce the technical barrier to entry.

Additionally, stringent regulatory requirements and safety standards imposed by aviation authorities create additional challenges for new entrants to comply with and meet certification criteria.

Overall, the technical complexity and high capital requirements involved in commercial aircraft manufacturing make it difficult for new firms to enter the industry and compete effectively, leading to a technical barrier to entry. The correct option is c.

To know more about technical barrier, refer here:

https://brainly.com/question/13712242#

#SPJ11

The current account deficit implies that the United States consumed more output than it produced. This is option C.

The current account is a component of a country's balance of payments and includes transactions related to trade in goods and services, income receipts, and unilateral transfers. A current account deficit occurs when a country's total imports (including goods and services) exceed its total exports, indicating that the country is consuming more than it is producing.

In the context of the United States having a current account deficit in 2012, it means that the country imported more goods and services than it exported during that period. This suggests that the United States consumed more output (goods and services) than it produced domestically. Therefore, option C, which states that the United States consumed more output than it produced, is the correct answer. Options A and B are incorrect as they do not reflect the implications of a current account deficit. Option D, "none of the above," is also incorrect in this case.

Learn more about current account deficit here:

https://brainly.com/question/32568855

#SPJ11

Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) refers to a company's commitment to contribute positively to society and the environment while also considering the interests of stakeholders beyond its financial obligations.

Companies engage in Corporate Social Responsibility activities to address social and environmental issues, build brand reputation, enhance customer loyalty, attract and retain talented employees, and foster long-term sustainability.

Influences on CSR Campaigns

To learn more about Corporate Social Responsibility, visit here

https://brainly.com/question/30644882

#SPJ11

a. The payback period for this project is approximately 3.49 years.

b. The NPV (Net Present Value) for this project is approximately $90,768.63.

c. The IRR (Internal Rate of Return) for this project is approximately 18.84%.

a. To calculate the payback period, we need to determine the time it takes for the cumulative cash flows to equal or exceed the initial investment.

Year 0: Initial investment = -$125,000

Year 1: Cash inflow = $840,000 - ($840,000 * 18%) = $688,800

Year 2: Cash inflow = $840,000 - ($840,000 * 18%) = $688,800

Year 3: Cash inflow = $840,000 - ($840,000 * 18%) = $688,800

Year 4: Cash inflow = $840,000 - ($840,000 * 18%) = $688,800

Cumulative cash flows:

Year 0: -$125,000

Year 1: -$125,000 + $688,800 = $563,800

Year 2: $563,800 + $688,800 = $1,252,600

Year 3: $1,252,600 + $688,800 = $1,941,400

Year 4: $1,941,400 + $688,800 = $2,630,200

The payback period is between Year 3 and Year 4, where the cumulative cash flows exceed the initial investment. To calculate the exact payback period, we can use interpolation:

Payback period = Year 3 + (Remaining investment / Cash inflow in Year 4)

Remaining investment = Initial investment - Cumulative cash flow at Year 3 = -$125,000 - $1,941,400 = -$2,066,400

Cash inflow in Year 4 = $688,800

Payback period = 3 + ($2,066,400 / $688,800) ≈ 3.49 years

b. To calculate the NPV, we need to discount the cash flows at the required rate of return and subtract the initial investment.

Year 0: -$125,000 / (1 + 0.13)^0 = -$125,000

Year 1: $688,800 / (1 + 0.13)^1 = $609,513.27

Year 2: $688,800 / (1 + 0.13)^2 = $539,865.40

Year 3: $688,800 / (1 + 0.13)^3 = $478,551.78

Year 4: $688,800 / (1 + 0.13)^4 = $424,018.18

NPV = Sum of discounted cash flows - Initial investment

NPV = -$125,000 + $609,513.27 + $539,865.40 + $478,551.78 + $424,018.18 ≈ $90,768.63

c. To calculate the IRR, we need to find the discount rate that makes the NPV equal to zero. We can use trial and error or financial calculators/software to find the IRR.

IRR = 18.84% (rounded to 2 decimal places)

Learn more about IRR (Internal Rate of Return) here:

https://brainly.com/question/33074843

#SPJ11

For findings related to the audits of internal control and financial statements are interconnected and can impact each other.

In the internal control, the weakness is identified during the audit process can increase the risk of material misstatements in the financial statements.

Inadequate control measures may lead to errors, fraud or the inability to detect inaccuracies, affecting the reliability of the financial information presented.

The auditors may need to make adjustments and require additional disclosures or qualify their opinion on the financial statements.

The financial statements are material misstatements in the financial statements can raise concerns about the effectiveness of the internal control system.

Such findings may prompt auditors to reassess and strengthen internal controls to ensure the accuracy and integrity of financial reporting.

The audits of internal control and financial statements are closely linked for requiring a comprehensive evaluation of both areas to ensure the overall reliability and transparency of financial information.

To know more about financial statements here,

https://brainly.com/question/14951563

#SPJ4

The statement is true. Even if no monies are due for a particular reporting period, Revenu Quebec still requires that the remittance form is completed and filed by the due date, with 0.00 entered in the Amounts Payable box.

Revenu Quebec, the tax authority in Quebec, has specific requirements for filing remittance forms, even when no monies are due. Even if there are no amounts payable for a particular reporting period, businesses are still required to complete and file the remittance form by the designated due date. In such cases, the form should indicate 0.00 in the Amounts Payable box to indicate that no payment is required. This practice ensures compliance with the reporting obligations and provides a complete record of the reporting period, even if no taxes or remittances are owed. Therefore, the statement is true.

To know more about Revenu Quebec :

brainly.com/question/33505361

#SPJ11

One of the best controls would be reconciling the payment ledger against the supplier's statements on a monthly basis. One of the best controls would be to back up data daily. To be effective, a backup should be taken offsite daily. One of the best controls would be to have a double-entry accounting system in place. One of the best controls would be to segregate duties.

The controls that would best mitigate the following threats:Threat 1: A batch of 106 invoices were sent to the accounts payable department for weekly processing. One of the invoices did not get processed. The error was not detected until the supplier called to follow up their unpaid invoice.To mitigate this threat, one of the best controls would be reconciling the payment ledger against the supplier's statements on a monthly basis. This is done to make sure that all the payments are posted correctly. It will ensure that the accounts payable department will be aware of any errors in payments.

Threat 2: An accounts payable file was destroyed because it was accidentally used to update accounts receivable.To mitigate this threat, one of the best controls would be to back up data daily. To be effective, a backup should be taken offsite daily. This will ensure that, in the event of a system malfunction or attack, data can be easily recovered.

Threat 3: During the payment of a supplier invoice, the number zero (0) in the total of $63,209 was incorrectly typed as the letter 'O'. As a result, the payment was not processed correctly and the organization received a letter from the supplier refusing future supply of goods until the invoice was paid.To mitigate this threat, one of the best controls would be to have a double-entry accounting system in place. It is a system of bookkeeping where every transaction is entered twice. By doing this, the risk of errors in accounting is reduced significantly.

Threat 4: A purchasing officer of a large government department mistakenly ordered 1,000 printers rather than 1,000 printer cartridges.To mitigate this threat, one of the best controls would be to segregate duties. The person ordering the goods should not be the same person who receives the goods. By doing this, the risk of mistakes and fraud is reduced.

Learn more about reconciling the payment ledger-

https://brainly.com/question/28711445?utm_source=android&utm_medium=share&utm_campaign=question

#SPJ11

To maximize earnings in MYR, Arrora Sdn Bhd should proceed with the export order and earn approximately MYR813,440 by considering fees, rates, and opportunity costs.

To maximize earnings in MYR, Arrora Sdn Bhd should consider the following steps : Step 1 : Calculate interest earned on face-value of  shipment for 90 days at current discount rate:

Interest = Face Value × Discount Rate × (Days / 360)

Interest = USD200,000 × 0.08 × (90 / 360)

Interest = USD400

Step 2: We Calculate 90-day acceptance fee as : Face Value × Acceptance Fee Rate,

Acceptance Fee = USD200,000 × 0.0037

Acceptance Fee = USD740

Step 3: We Calculate flat rate of commission as : Face Value × Commission Rate,

Commission = USD200,000 × 0.005

Commission = USD1000

Step 4: We Convert total earnings from USD to MYR using spot rate:

Total Earnings in MYR = (Interest + Acceptance Fee + Commission) × Spot Rate

Total Earnings in MYR = (USD400 + USD740 + USD1000) × 4.0900

Total Earnings in MYR = MYR8752.6

Step 5: We Calculate earnings on opportunity-cost of funds as : Face Value × Opportunity Cost Rate × (Days / 360),

Opportunity Cost of Funds = USD200,000 × 0.10 × (90 / 360),

Opportunity Cost of Funds = USD5,000

Step 6: We Calculate forward rate to determine amount of MYR received after 90 days as : Face Value × Forward Rate

MYR Received = USD200,000 × 4.0922

MYR Received = MYR818,440

Step 7: We Calculate net-earnings in MYR as : MYR Received - Opportunity Cost of Funds,

Net Earnings in MYR = MYR818,440 - MYR5,000

Net Earnings in MYR = MYR813,440

Based on the calculations, Arrora Sdn Bhd should proceed with the export order to maximize its earnings in MYR. By utilizing the letter of credit, accepting the draft, and considering the associated fees and rates, the corporation stands to earn a net amount of approximately MYR813,440.

Learn more about Earnings here

https://brainly.com/question/17072087

#SPJ4

The given question is incomplete, the complete question is

Arrora Sdn Bhd has received an order to export their beauty skin serum to New York under the terms of a letter of credit (L/C) and the said L/C must be issued by NKTB Bank on behalf of the importer, TrueLife Ltd. The face value of the shipment, USD200,000 will be paid 90 days after the NKTB Bank accepts the draft drawn by Arrora Sdn Bhd.

The current discount rate is 8.0% per annum and 90 days acceptance fee of 0.37%. In addition, there is a flat rate of commission equal to 0.5% of the face amount. The spot rate and 90 days forward rate is MYR4.0900/4.0910/USD and MYR4.0922/4.0932/USD respectively.

If the opportunity cost of funds for Arrora Sdn Bhd is 10 percent per annum, give your suggestion to the corporation to maximize its earnings in MYR.

To determine the cost of the net drain to the bank, we need more specific information regarding the interest rates and terms associated with the loan portfolio and deposits.

The cost will depend on factors such as the interest rates on loans and deposits, the remaining term of the loans, and the amount of the expected reduction in deposits. Without this information, it is not possible to provide an accurate calculation of the cost of the net drain to the bank. Please provide more details, and I will be happy to assist you furtherbdecides to decrease its loan portfolio to compensate for the expected reduction in deposits.

To know more about portfolio Visit:
https://brainly.com/question/17165367
SPJ11

The answer is b) the cost and amount of each source of financing.

The weighted cost of capital (WACC) is calculated by weighting the costs of the individual sources of finance according to

b) the cost and amount of each source of financing.

The WACC is the minimum return a company needs to earn to satisfy its investors.

It is calculated by taking into account the relative weights of each component of a company's capital structure (equity, debt, preferred stock, etc.) and the respective costs of each component.

Thus, the WACC is the minimum return a company must make on its investment projects to maintain its current value and satisfy its creditors and shareholders.

It's expressed as a percentage, and it's used to assess potential investments to see if they're profitable or not.

The calculation of WACC is based on the formula:

WACC = (E/V × Re) + [(D/V × Rd) × (1 − Tc)],

where

E represents equity,

D represents debt,

V represents total capital,

Re represents the cost of equity,

Rd represents the cost of debt, and

Tc represents the corporate tax rate (Wikipedia).

Now, let us substitute the values of the given data;

WACC = [(150/1000) x 14%] + [(850/1000) x 7% x (1-40%)]

           = (0.15 x 14) + (0.51 x 7.8)

           = 2.1 + 3.978

           = 6.078.

Hence, the answer is b) the cost and amount of each source of financing.

Learn more about from financing this link:

https://brainly.com/question/20381852

#SPJ11

Choosing the right distribution channel for a service is a crucial decision that can significantly impact its success. The choice of distribution channel can determine how effectively the service reaches and satisfies its target customers.

Selecting the appropriate distribution channel involves several considerations. Firstly, understanding the target market and its preferences is essential. Assessing customer behavior, demographics, and purchasing habits helps determine the most suitable channels to reach and engage with them. Additionally, evaluating the competition and industry practices provides insights into effective distribution strategies.

The chosen distribution channel should align with the service's unique characteristics, such as its nature, complexity, and level of customization. Factors like cost, efficiency, scalability, and customer convenience should also be considered when making this decision.

Learn more about channel here:

https://brainly.com/question/28112031

#SPJ11

From the Accountant's Perspective: From the accountant's perspective, accounting is a systematic process of recording, summarizing, and interpreting financial information of an organization.

It involves the collection, analysis, and communication of financial data to support decision-making, planning, control, and evaluation within the organization. Accountants play a crucial role in ensuring accurate and reliable financial reporting, maintaining compliance with regulations, and providing financial insights to stakeholders.

The nature of accounting from the accountant's perspective is objective and follows specific accounting principles and standards. It focuses on maintaining the integrity of financial information, applying relevant accounting methods, and ensuring consistency and comparability across financial statements. Accountants are responsible for preparing financial statements, such as the income statement, balance sheet, and cash flow statement, which provide a snapshot of the organization's financial position and performance.

The purpose of accounting from the accountant's perspective is to provide relevant, timely, and accurate financial information to internal users, such as management, shareholders, and employees. This information helps stakeholders make informed decisions, assess the financial health of the organization, monitor performance, allocate resources, and evaluate the effectiveness of strategies and operations. Accountants also play a vital role in ensuring compliance with tax regulations, financial reporting standards, and ethical considerations.

From the User's Perspective:

From the user's perspective, accounting serves as a vital source of information for external parties who rely on financial statements to assess the organization's financial position and performance. Users of accounting information include investors, creditors, analysts, regulators, and other stakeholders who are interested in evaluating the organization's financial health and making decisions based on this information.

The nature of accounting from the user's perspective is focused on relevance, reliability, and understandability. Users of accounting information expect financial statements to accurately represent the financial condition of the organization and provide insights into its performance and cash flows. Accounting information should be free from bias, transparent, and presented in a way that is easily understandable and comparable across different entities.

The role of accounting from the user's perspective is to provide decision-useful financial information that can be utilized for various purposes. Investors and creditors rely on financial statements to assess the organization's profitability, liquidity, solvency, and potential for future growth. Analysts use accounting information to evaluate investment opportunities and make recommendations. Regulators and tax authorities use accounting data to ensure compliance with regulations and tax laws. Accounting information also facilitates benchmarking, industry analysis, and market comparisons.

Overall, accounting plays a crucial role in both the accountant's and the user's perspective by providing reliable and relevant financial information that supports decision-making, financial transparency, and accountability. It serves as a foundation for understanding and evaluating the financial performance and position of an organization from different viewpoints.

To learn more about Accountant's

https://brainly.com/question/26690519

#SPJ11

Change Leadership Strategy plan involves identifying the problems facing DPC and analyzing the different roles leaders and managers can adopt for successful implementation of change.

The change leader at DPC needs to comprehensively identify the problems the company is facing during its cultural transition. This may include resistance from employees, lack of alignment between the old and new roles and responsibilities, inadequate training and resources, and declining profitability. By understanding and addressing these problems, the change leader can develop targeted strategies to overcome them and drive successful change.

Additionally, the change leader should conduct a comprehensive analysis of the different roles that leaders and managers can play in facilitating the implementation of change. This may involve being a visionary leader to inspire and communicate the change vision, a change advocate to champion the new culture, a facilitator to support employees in adapting to new roles, a coach to provide guidance and development opportunities, and a change monitor to assess progress and make adjustments as needed. By understanding the various roles and leveraging them effectively, leaders and managers can create an environment conducive to successful change and help DPC transition smoothly to a contemporary consulting environment.

Learn more about leaders here:

https://brainly.com/question/15868646

#SPJ11

The statement "Its a voluntary committee for organizations" is not true for the Joint Health and Safety Committee rules according to the Occupational Health and Safety Act.

In order to ensure workplace safety and compliance with occupational health and safety regulations, organizations are required to establish Joint Health and Safety Committees (JHSC) in many jurisdictions. These committees play a crucial role in safeguarding the well-being of employees and promoting a healthy work environment. JHSCs are not voluntary; rather, they are mandatory committees that organizations must form.

The primary responsibility of a Joint Health and Safety Committee is to oversee health and safety matters within the workplace. This includes conducting regular inspections, identifying hazards, and implementing preventive measures to mitigate risks. By involving both management and employee representatives, the committee ensures a collaborative and comprehensive approach towards addressing health and safety concerns.

The participation of management representatives allows for the implementation of policies and procedures, while employee representatives bring frontline perspectives and contribute to the development of effective safety measures.

The Occupational Health and Safety Act mandates the establishment of Joint Health and Safety Committees in order to prioritize employee well-being and create a culture of safety within organizations. By involving representatives from both management and employees, these committees facilitate communication, cooperation, and accountability, ultimately leading to a safer work environment for all.

Learn more about Occupational Health and Safety Act

brainly.com/question/29796797

#SPJ11

The yield rate at the time of Nathan's bond purchase was approximately 3.48%. This calculation takes into account the bond's coupon rate, purchase price, redemption value, and time to maturity.

To calculate the yield rate at the time of purchase, we need to use a financial calculator or spreadsheet software with the following inputs

N = 10 (number of years to redemption)

PMT = $4,750 (coupon payment of 4.75% on a $100,000 bond)

PV = -$104,800 (negative because it is a cash outflow)

FV = $100,000 (the redemption value at maturity)

Using these inputs, we can solve for the yield rate (I/Y).

I/Y = yield rate at the time of purchase

Entering the values into the calculator, we find that the yield rate at the time of purchase is approximately 3.48%.

To know more about bonds:

https://brainly.com/question/30638118

#SPJ4