The empirical formula of polyethylene can be determined by converting the given percentages of carbon (C) and hydrogen (H) into grams. To find the grams of each element, we assume a 100.0 g sample of polyethylene.
For carbon:
Mass of carbon = 86.0% × 100.0 g = 86.0 g
For hydrogen:
Mass of hydrogen = 14.0% × 100.0 g = 14.0 g
Therefore, in a 100.0 g sample of polyethylene, there are 86.0 grams of carbon and 14.0 grams of hydrogen.
The empirical formula of a compound represents the simplest whole-number ratio of atoms present in the compound. To determine the empirical formula, we need to find the ratio of carbon to hydrogen in terms of moles.
First, we convert the masses of carbon and hydrogen into moles using their respective molar masses. The molar mass of carbon is approximately 12.01 g/mol, and the molar mass of hydrogen is approximately 1.008 g/mol.
Number of moles of carbon = 86.0 g / 12.01 g/mol ≈ 7.162 mol
Number of moles of hydrogen = 14.0 g / 1.008 g/mol ≈ 13.89 mol
Next, we divide the number of moles of each element by the smallest number of moles to get a simplified ratio.
Carbon: Hydrogen ≈ 7.162 mol : 13.89 mol ≈ 1 : 1.939
Since we want to express the ratio in whole numbers, we multiply both sides by 2 to get a whole number ratio.
Carbon: Hydrogen ≈ 2 : 3.878
Rounding to the nearest whole number, we find that the empirical formula of polyethylene is CH₂.
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what does -173 degrees celisus feel like?
-173 degrees Celsius is an extremely frigid temperature, and it is beyond the freezing point of most substances. At this temperature, any exposed skin or tissue would almost instantly freeze, leading to severe frostbite or even the formation of ice crystals within the body. Breathing would be difficult and potentially dangerous, as the extremely cold air could cause damage to the respiratory system. In such extreme cold, metal objects may become brittle and break, and liquids would freeze rapidly. Overall, -173 degrees Celsius would feel unbearable and life-threatening.
At -173 degrees Celsius, the human body would not be able to withstand the extreme cold without proper insulation and protection. The cold would penetrate through clothing and any exposed skin, rapidly extracting heat from the body. Within seconds, the body would start experiencing pain, numbness, and tingling sensations as frostbite sets in. The extreme cold would cause blood vessels to constrict, impairing blood flow and oxygen supply to the extremities.
As a result, frostbite, tissue damage, and hypothermia would occur rapidly. Breathing in such cold temperatures would be challenging, as the cold air could cause constriction of the airways and potentially damage the lungs. In summary, -173 degrees Celsius would be an inhospitable and life-threatening environment that would quickly lead to severe frostbite, tissue damage, and potentially death.
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A sample dontains 7.90 g C and 42.1 g S. You want to determine the empirical formula.
How many moles of C are in the sample?
P? 1 mol c
Do NOT round your answer.
mol c
The number of moles of carbon (C) in the sample can be determined using its molar mass. The molar mass of carbon is approximately 12.01 g/mol. To calculate the number of moles, we divide the mass of carbon in the sample by its molar mass. In this case, the sample contains 7.90 grams of carbon. Therefore, the number of moles of carbon in the sample is:
7.90 g C / 12.01 g/mol = 0.657 mol C
The molar mass is the mass of one mole of a substance. In this case, the molar mass of carbon is 12.01 g/mol. By dividing the mass of carbon in the sample (7.90 g) by its molar mass, we can calculate the number of moles. This calculation is done because moles are a convenient unit for comparing different elements and compounds in chemical reactions. \The result of 0.657 moles of carbon indicates that there are 0.657 times Avogadro's number (6.022 x 10^23) of carbon atoms in the sample. This information is useful for determining the empirical formula, which represents the simplest whole number ratio of atoms in a compound. To calculate the empirical formula, we would also need to determine the number of moles of sulfur (S) in the sample and find the ratio of the two elements.
In summary, there are approximately 0.657 moles of carbon in the given sample.
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When the Lewis structure is drawn for CS2, which of the following is (are) true?
a) Carbon is in the middle of the molecule
b) Carbon shares four electrons with each sulfur
c) Carbon makes two double covalent bonds
d) All are true
e) None are true
Of the following, the true statement about the Lewis structure is drawn for [tex]CS_{2}[/tex] is c) Carbon makes two double covalent bonds
In the case of [tex]CS_{2}[/tex], carbon (C) is indeed in the middle of the molecule (option a). This is because carbon is less electronegative than sulfur (S), and the less electronegative element is typically placed in the center of the Lewis structure.
Each sulfur atom (S) shares six electrons with the carbon atom (C), not four (option b). Carbon forms double bonds with each sulfur atom, resulting in a total of four shared electrons between carbon and each sulfur atom (option c). This arrangement allows carbon and sulfur to achieve an octet of electrons around each atom.
Therefore, the correct answer is option c) Carbon makes two double covalent bonds. The other statements, options a), b), d), and e), are not entirely accurate based on the Lewis structure of [tex]CS_{2}[/tex]. Therefore, Option C is correct.
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17. HAZWOPER training and certification recognizes:
a. A large number (as much as 80%) will self-present or be self-referred victims
b. Awareness level training will promote proper initial triage actions
c.
Victims will use any entrance they can enter at the hospital, in addition to the
emergency department entrance
d. Both A and C
HAZWOPER training and certification recognize:
a large number (as much as 80%) will self-present or be self-referred victimsVictims will use any entrance they can enter at the hospital, in addition to the emergency department entranceThe correct option is both A and C
What is the HAZWOPER training and certification?HAZWOPER (Hazardous Waste Operations and Emergency Response) training and certification recognize that a large number of victims (as much as 80%) in hazardous waste incidents or emergencies will self-present or be self-referred for medical treatment.
Additionally, HAZWOPER training acknowledges that victims may use any entrance they can access at a hospital, not just the emergency department entrance.
This is because individuals affected by hazardous materials may arrive at different areas of the hospital seeking medical assistance.
Therefore, option d. Both A and C are correct statements regarding the recognition of HAZWOPER training and certification.
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After a morning of cross-country skiing, you return to the chalet and you prepare a good broth.
You pour 250 mL (1g/mL) of broth into a cup at a temperature of 70°C (c = 4.18 J/g•°C).
To avoid burning yourself, you add 50 mL of cold water at 5°C to the cup. What will be the
final broth temperature?
The final broth temperature will be approximately 38.4°C.
When mixing two substances with different temperatures, we can use the principle of conservation of energy. The energy lost by the hot substance (broth) is equal to the energy gained by the cold substance (water), assuming no energy is lost to the surroundings. This can be expressed using the equation:
Q_lost = Q_gained
The energy lost by the broth can be calculated using the formula:
Q_lost = m_broth * c_broth * (T_final - T_initial)
where m_broth is the mass of the broth, c_broth is its specific heat capacity, T_final is the final temperature, and T_initial is the initial temperature of the broth.
Similarly, the energy gained by the water can be calculated using:
Q_gained = m_water * c_water * (T_final - T_initial)
Since the two substances reach thermal equilibrium, we can set Q_lost equal to Q_gained:
m_broth * c_broth * (T_final - T_initial) = m_water * c_water * (T_final - T_initial)
Plugging in the given values and solving for T_final, we find that the final temperature of the broth is approximately 38.4°C.
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What is actual and theoritical yield
and give example
In chemistry, the actual yield refers to the quantity of a product that is obtained during an experiment or a chemical reaction. The theoretical yield, on the other hand, refers to the maximum amount of product that can be obtained from a given amount of reactant, assuming the reaction proceeds to completion and there are no losses due to factors such as side reactions or incomplete conversion of reactants.
The percentage yield is the ratio of the actual yield to the theoretical yield, expressed as a percentage.
For example, consider the combustion of 10.0 grams of methane gas ([tex]CH_4[/tex]) in excess oxygen to produce carbon dioxide [tex](CO_2[/tex]) and water ([tex]H_2O[/tex]):
[tex]CH_4[/tex] + 2O2 → [tex]CO_2[/tex] + [tex]2H_2O[/tex]
The balanced chemical equation shows that one mole of CH4 reacts with two moles of O2 to produce one mole of CO2 and two moles of [tex]H_2O[/tex]. Therefore, the theoretical yield of CO2 is calculated as follows:
10.0 g [tex]CH_4[/tex] × (1 mol [tex]CH_4[/tex]/16.0 g [tex]CH_4[/tex]) × (1 mol [tex]CO_2[/tex]/1 mol CH4) × (44.0 g [tex]CO_2[/tex]/1 mol[tex]CO_2[/tex]) = 27.5 g [tex]CO_2[/tex]
If the actual yield of [tex]CO_2[/tex] obtained from the reaction is 23.5 g, the percentage yield can be calculated as follows:
Percentage yield = (23.5 g CO2/27.5 g CO2) × 100% = 85.5%
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Rough ER is connected to the nucleus membrane and to
Ribosomes are attached to the membrane of the ER, making it “rough.” The RER is also attached to the nuclear envelope that surrounds the nucleus. This direct connection between the perinuclear space and the lumen of the ER allows for the movement of molecules through both membranes.Answer:
Explanation:
TRUST
2 A high school student takes a lump of magnesium with a volume of 150.0 mL and adds it to a beaker of
an aqueous solution of aluminum nitrate. What is the mass of the solid aluminum that forms?
Solid magnesium has a density of 1.738 g/cm³.
The mass of the solid aluminum that forms are 192.73 grams
To determine the mass of solid aluminum that forms, we need to use stoichiometry and the balanced chemical equation for the reaction between magnesium and aluminum nitrate.
The balanced chemical equation is:
3 Mg + 2 Al([tex]NO_{3}[/tex])3 → 3 Mg([tex]NO_{3}[/tex])2 + 2 Al
The equation shows that 3 moles of magnesium react with 2 moles of aluminum to produce 2 moles of aluminum nitrate.
To calculate the mass of solid aluminum, we need to know the amount of magnesium used. Given that the volume of the magnesium is 150.0 mL and its density is 1.738 g/cm³, we can calculate the mass of magnesium using the formula:
Mass = Volume × Density
Mass of magnesium = 150.0 mL × 1.738 g/cm³ = 260.7 g
Now, using the molar mass of magnesium (24.31 g/mol) and the molar ratio from the balanced equation, we can determine the moles of magnesium used:
Moles of magnesium = Mass of magnesium / Molar mass of magnesium
= 260.7 g / 24.31 g/mol
= 10.72 mol
According to the stoichiometry of the balanced equation, the ratio of moles of magnesium to moles of aluminum is 3:2. Therefore, the moles of aluminum formed will be:
Moles of aluminum = (2/3) × Moles of magnesium
= (2/3) × 10.72 mol
= 7.15 mol
Finally, we can calculate the mass of solid aluminum using its molar mass (26.98 g/mol):
Mass of aluminum = Moles of aluminum × Molar mass of aluminum
= 7.15 mol × 26.98 g/mol
= 192.73 g
Therefore, the mass of the solid aluminum that forms is approximately 192.73 grams.
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Many people have said that cold water boils faster than hot water. This is not true. In fact, it’s been said so many times that most people believe it to be a fact. Postulate a reason for why this may have been thought to be true. Is there any scientific evidence backing this claim at all? Please explain your reasoning.
The claim that cold water boils faster than hot water is not true. The reason why this misconception may have emerged is likely due to a misunderstanding or misinterpretation of certain observations. However, there is no scientific evidence supporting this claim.
One possible reason for this misconception is the notion that hot water takes longer to reach its boiling point because it starts at a higher temperature. When comparing hot and cold water in terms of reaching the boiling point from room temperature, the cold water may appear to boil faster.
However, this is simply because the hot water has already gained a head start in terms of temperature. In reality, once both liquids reach their respective boiling points, the hot water will boil first.
Scientifically, the boiling point of water is determined by its temperature and pressure. Under normal atmospheric conditions, the boiling point of water is 100 degrees Celsius (212 degrees Fahrenheit). Heating water raises its temperature, and once it reaches 100 degrees Celsius, it transitions into the gaseous state. The initial temperature of the water does not affect the boiling point itself.
In conclusion, the claim that cold water boils faster than hot water is a misconception. It likely arose from a misinterpretation of observations, and there is no scientific evidence to support this claim. The boiling point of water is solely determined by its temperature and pressure, regardless of whether the water is initially hot or cold.
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In Thomas Cole's The oxbow who is the one figure depicted in the landscape and what is he doing
Answer:
In Thomas Cole's painting "The Oxbow," Thomas Cole, the artist, shows himself sitting in the landscape while painting it.
Explanation:
In the painting called "The Oxbow" by Thomas Cole, the artist actually put himself in the picture. He's sitting right in the middle of the landscape, just like he placed himself in the painting, as if taking a selfie while working on it. It's like he took a snapshot of himself while he was working on the painting. This shows how much he cared about creating the artwork and how he felt a personal connection to the beautiful scenery. It's really fascinating because it gives us a glimpse into how he saw himself as an artist and how he wanted to capture the incredible beauty of nature through his art.
Find the SDS for regular bleach
The Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for regular bleach can be obtained from the manufacturer or supplier of the specific brand or product. It contains important information regarding the hazardous properties, handling, storage, and emergency procedures related to the bleach.
An SDS typically includes details such as the product's chemical composition, physical and chemical properties, potential hazards to health and the environment, precautionary measures for safe handling and storage, first-aid procedures, and information about proper disposal. It also provides guidance on personal protective equipment (PPE) to be used when handling the product and steps to take in case of accidental release or exposure.
The SDS serves as a crucial resource for understanding the potential risks associated with the use of regular bleach and helps ensure that appropriate safety measures are implemented. It is important to review and follow the information provided in the SDS to minimize the risk of accidents, injuries, or adverse health effects associated with the use of the product.
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oxidation number of Ag in Ag2O
The oxidation number of Ag in Ag2O is +1.
In Ag2O, there are two silver atoms (Ag) and one oxygen atom (O). Oxygen is known to have an oxidation number of -2 in most compounds. Since the compound is neutral, the sum of the oxidation numbers of all the atoms must equal zero.
Therefore, the oxidation numbers of the two silver atoms must add up to +2 to balance out the -2 oxidation number of the oxygen atom. Since there are two silver atoms, each silver atom must have an oxidation number of +1 to yield a total oxidation number of +2 for the compound.
In Ag2O, the silver atoms lose one electron each to form Ag+ ions. This results in an oxidation number of +1 for each silver atom. The oxygen atom gains two electrons from the silver atoms to achieve a stable octet configuration, resulting in an oxidation number of -2 for the oxygen atom. The compound Ag2O is formed through the transfer of electrons, with each silver atom exhibiting an oxidation number of +1.
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What would be the formula of the compound that forms between Al and S?
a) AIS
b) Al₂S
c) AIS2
d) Al3S2
e) None of the above
The correct formula for the compound that forms between aluminum (Al) and sulfur (S) is (d) Al₂S₃.
The correct option is E, none of the above.
What is the nature of the reaction between Al and S?The reaction between aluminum (Al) and sulfur (S) is an example of a chemical reaction known as a combination or synthesis reaction. In this reaction, aluminum and sulfur combine to form a
.
The chemical equation for the reaction is:
2Al + 3S → Al₂S₃
Aluminum has a 3+ charge (Al³⁺) and sulfur has a 2- charge (S²⁻). In order to balance the charges, two aluminum ions (Al³⁺) are needed to combine with three sulfur ions (S²⁻), resulting in the formula Al₂S.
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A 3.69 g
sample of a compound consisting of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur was combusted in excess oxygen. This produced 2.08 g
CO2
and 1.28 g
H2O
. A second sample of this compound with a mass of 4.65 g
produced 4.77 g
SO3
. A third sample of this compound with a mass of 8.62 g
produced 3.48 g
HNO3
. Determine the empirical formula of the compound. Enter the correct subscripts on the given chemical formula.
The empirical formula of the compound is C₂H₁₆S₂N₃O.
What is the empirical formula of the compound?The moles of each element is as follows::
For CO₂:
Carbon (C) has a molar mass of 12.01 g/mol.
Oxygen (O) has a molar mass of 16.00 g/mol.
Moles of C in CO₂ = 2.08 g / 12.01 g/mol = 0.173 moles
Moles of O in CO₂ = 2.08 g / 16.00 g/mol = 0.130 moles
For H₂O:
Hydrogen (H) has a molar mass of 1.01 g/mol.
Oxygen (O) has a molar mass of 16.00 g/mol.
Moles of H in H₂O = 1.28 g / 1.01 g/mol = 1.27 moles
Moles of O in H₂O = 1.28 g / 16.00 g/mol = 0.080 moles
For SO₃:
Sulfur (S) has a molar mass of 32.06 g/mol.
Oxygen (O) has a molar mass of 16.00 g/mol.
Moles of S in SO₃ = 4.77 g / 32.06 g/mol = 0.149 moles
Moles of O in SO₃ = 4.77 g / 16.00 g/mol = 0.298 moles
For HNO₃:
Hydrogen (H) has a molar mass of 1.01 g/mol.
Nitrogen (N) has a molar mass of 14.01 g/mol.
Oxygen (O) has a molar mass of 16.00 g/mol.
Moles of H in HNO₃ = 3.48 g / 1.01 g/mol = 3.45 moles
Moles of N in HNO₃ = 3.48 g / 14.01 g/mol = 0.248 moles
Moles of O in HNO₃ = 3.48 g / 16.00 g/mol = 0.217 moles
The simplest whole-number ratio of the elements will be:
Carbon: 0.173 moles / 0.080 moles ≈ 2.16
Hydrogen: 1.27 moles / 0.080 moles ≈ 15.88
Sulfur: 0.149 moles / 0.080 moles ≈ 1.86
Nitrogen: 0.248 moles / 0.080 moles ≈ 3.10
Oxygen: 0.080 moles / 0.080 moles = 1
Therefore, the empirical formula is C₂H₁₆S₂N₃O.
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The following series of reactions were carried out.
PbCO3(s) + 2HNO3(aq) → Pb(NO3)2(aq) + H₂O(1) + CO₂(g)
Pb(NO3)2(aq) + 2HBr(aq) → 2HNO3(aq) + PbBr2(s)
(a) If a student starts with 2.457 g of lead(II) carbonate for the first reaction and all
other reagents are added in excess, what is the theoretical yield of lead(II) bromide
solid?
Which of the following reactions
is BALANCED and shows
INCOMPLETE combustion?
A. 2CH₂ + 110-12CO +10H₂O
12
B. C₂H₂ +80₂6CO₂ +5H₂O
C. 2CH₂ + 110,- 10CO + 12H₂O
12
D. C_H, +8O, - 5CO +6HO
12
Magnesium phosphide (Mg3P2) is made when magnesium metal is heated with excess solid phosphorous (P4). What mass of the excess reagent is left over, when 8.00 g of magnesium is heated with 8.00 g of solid phosphorous?
Mass of excess reagent remaining after completion of reaction
The mass of the excess reagent remaining after completion of reaction, given that 8 g of magnesium is heated with 8 g of phosphorous is 0.98 g
How do i determine the mass of the excess reagent remaining?First, we shall obtain the mass of the excess reagent that reacted. This is shown below:
6Mg + P₄ -> 2Mg₃P₂
Molar mass of Mg = 24.3 g/molMass of Mg from the balanced equation = 6 × 24.3 = 145.8 g Molar mass of P₄ = 124 g/molMass of P₄ from the balanced equation = 1 × 124 = 124 gFrom the balanced equation above,
145.8 g of Mg reacted with 124 g of P₄
Therefore,
8 g of Mg will react with = (8 × 124) / 145.8 = 7.02 g of P₄
Finally, we shall obtain the mass of the excess reagent remaining after the reaction. Details below:
Mass of excess reagent, P₄ given = 8.00 gMass of excess reagent, P₄ that reacted = 7.02 gMass of excess reagent, P₄ remaining =?Mass of excess reagent, P₄ remaining = Mass given - mass reacted
= 8 - 7.02
= 0.98 g
Thus, the mass of the excess reagent remaining after the reaction is 0.98 g
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In the balanced equation
2C₂H6+702--> 4CO2+6H₂O
if 21 g of C₂H6 react with 32 g O2, what is the limiting reactant?
02
C₂H6
CO₂
H₂O
In the balanced equation [tex]2C_{2} H_{6}[/tex] + [tex]7 O_{2}[/tex] --> [tex]4 CO_{2}[/tex] + [tex]6H_{2}O[/tex] if 21 g of [tex]C_{2} H_{6}[/tex] reacts with 32 g O₂, C₂H6 is the limiting reactant.
To determine the limiting reactant, we need to compare the amount of each reactant to the stoichiometric ratio in the balanced equation.
Let's calculate the number of moles for each reactant using their molar masses:
For [tex]C_{2} H_{6}[/tex] (ethane):
Molar mass of [tex]C_{2} H_{6}[/tex] = 2(12.01 g/mol) + 6(1.01 g/mol) = 30.07 g/mol
Number of moles of C₂H6 = 21 g / 30.07 g/mol ≈ 0.698 mol
For O₂ (oxygen):
Molar mass of O₂ = 2(16.00 g/mol) = 32.00 g/mol
Number of moles of O₂ = 32 g / 32.00 g/mol = 1.00 mol
Next, we compare the moles of each reactant to the stoichiometric ratio in the balanced equation:
2 moles of [tex]C_{2} H_{6}[/tex] react with 7 moles of O₂ to produce 4 moles of CO₂ and 6 moles of H₂O.
From the given amounts, we have:
0.698 mol [tex]C_{2} H_{6}[/tex] and 1.00 mol O₂.
Using the stoichiometric ratio, we can calculate the expected amount of CO₂ and H₂O produced for each reactant:
For C₂H6:
Expected moles of CO₂ = 0.698 mol C₂H6 * (4 mol CO₂ / 2 mol C₂H6) = 1.396 mol CO₂
For O₂:
Expected moles of CO₂ = 1.00 mol O₂ * (4 mol CO₂ / 7 mol O₂) ≈ 0.571 mol CO₂
Comparing the expected moles, we see that the calculated amount of CO₂ is greater when used [tex]C_{2} H_{6}[/tex] as the limiting reactant. Therefore, the limiting reactant in this reaction is [tex]C_{2} H_{6}[/tex].
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On a mission to a newly discovered planet, an astronaut finds copper abundances of 69.15% for "Cu and 30.85 % for Cu. What is the atomic mass of copper for this location? What are the units
The units for atomic mass are atomic mass units (amu). the atomic mass of copper for this location is 63.55 amu.
The chemical symbol Cu stands for copper. Copper is a soft, malleable, ductile metal that is a good conductor of heat and electricity. Copper is one of the most widely used metals in electrical and electronic equipment due to its superior conductivity and non-corrosive properties. This metal is widely used in wiring, roofing, plumbing, and electronic applications. Its atomic mass is 63.55 amu.The atomic mass of copper for this location can be determined using the following formula:
Atomic mass = (mass of isotope 1 x relative abundance of isotope 1) + (mass of isotope 2 x relative abundance of isotope 2)The atomic mass of copper for this location
= (62.93 x 0.6915) + (64.93 x 0.3085) = 63.55 amu
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What would be the formula of the compound that forms between C and CI?
a) CCI
b) CCl2
c) CC13
Od) CCl4
e) None of the above