My science exam is due tomorrow and I HAVE LIMITED TIME. can someone help me how to absorb anything you read and memorize it...

There is a total of three atoms present in the water (H₂O) molecule.

An atom is the smallest particle of an element that may or may not be capable of independent existence.

A molecule is the smallest particle of an element or compound that can exist freely.

Subscripts are the numbers that come below after a symbol. They tell you the number of atoms of an element. If there is no subscript then it is understood that the subscript is 1.

For calculating the number of atoms in a molecule, add the subscripts of that molecule, and you will get the total atoms of it.

For example, in molecule C₂H₅O, there are 2 carbon atoms, 5 hydrogen atoms, and 1 oxygen atom.

Add the subscripts

2 + 5 + 1 = 8

Hence, there is a total of 8 atoms in C₂H₅O.

For the H₂O molecule,

2 + 1 = 3

Hence, there is a total of 3 atoms present in one water molecule.

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There exist ways in separating mixtures of chloride salts such as that sodium chloride and ammonium chloride. It can be accomplished by crystallization, filtration, or sublimation.

An antacid exists as a substance that neutralizes stomach acidity and stands habituated to relieve heartburn, indigestion, or an upset stomach.

Antacids increase the pH of the stomach contents toward neutrality. An antacid that increases the pH from 1.5 to 3.5 produces a 100-fold decrease in the concentration of gastric acid. Furthermore, the reduction of acidity exists escorted by inhibition of pepsin activity, another essential component of the digestive juice.

There exist ways in separating mixtures of chloride salts such as that sodium chloride and ammonium chloride. It can be accomplished by crystallization, filtration, or sublimation. The easiest approach among the three exists separation by sublimation.

Ammonium chloride sublimes upon heating. The sublimation exists as a decomposition of ammonium chloride forming ammonia and hydrogen chloride.

Sodium chloride on the other hand doesn't sublime and includes a more increased melting point than ammonium chloride. If we want to divide the mixture, we have to heat it to 330-350 degrees Celsius and manage the gas that will be produced.

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The trend will be such that the time taken for the cross to disappear will be increasing.

The rate of reactions is affected by the concentration of reactants. The more concentrated the reactants are, the more the rate of the reaction, and vice versa. This is based on the condition that all other factors are kept constant.

In the illustrated reaction, the volume of sodium thiosulfate decreases downward while the volume of water increases. This means that the sodium thiosulfate gets more diluted as we move downward.

Thus, the reaction rate will keep decreasing. In other words, more time would be needed for the cross to disappear as the concentration of sodium thiosulfate decreases.

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The mass of copper releases 112.4 kj of heat as it freezes is 549 gm.

The most typical illustration is when solid ice transforms into liquid water. The molecules within in the substance become less structured as a result of this process, which is also known as melting or heat of fusion.

Calculation for mass of copper;

The heat of fusion for copper is given as 13.0 kj/mol.

Hfus(Cu) = 13.0 kJ/mol

The heat released during the process is  112.4 kj.

Q = 112.4 kJ;

The formula for molar heat of substance is;

Q = n(Cu) · Hfus(Cu).

Where n(Cu) is the number of moles of copper present in the solution.

Write formula in terms of Number of moles.

n(Cu) = Q / Hfus(Cu)

Substitute the given values;

n(Cu) = 112.4 kJ / 13.0 kJ/mol.

n(Cu) = 8.65 mol (number of moles of copper present)

m(Cu) = n(Cu) · M(Cu).

Where, m(Cu) is the mass of copper.

M(Cu) is the molecular mass of the copper.

Substitute the values in the formula to get the mass.

m(Cu) = 8.65 mol × 63.546 g/mol.

m(Cu) = 549.428 g

Therefore, the mass of copper present in the solution was 549.428 g.

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Answer: C.) 549 g

Explanation:

The chlorine molecules, cl2, would behave if mixed with water is best described by the polarity concept.

Polarity is a phenomena by which the dissolving power of any molecule can be known if they are polar will completely dissociate in water and if non polar will partially dissociate in water

Here chlorine is very poorly dissolve in water due to its non polar nature and water is polar. Some compounds are polar for short time of period and attend a partially positive and a partially negative charge within them.

Therefore,  Cl2 is a non polar compound describes the polarity.

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Answer:

[tex]\frac{1 kJ}{1,000 J}[/tex]  ·  [tex]\frac{1,000 mmol}{1 mol}[/tex]

Explanation:

The final answer has a different set of units. In particular, millimoles (mmol) changes to moles (mol) and joules (J) changes to kilojoules (kJ). To make this change, you need to multiply the first value by proportions.

When writing these proportions, it is important that they are arranged in a way that allows for the cancellation of units. For instance, since J is located in the numerator, it must be located in the denominator of the conversion. Furthermore, since mmol is located in the denominator, it must be located in the numerator of the conversion.

Proportions:

1,000 J = 1 kJ

1,000 mmol = 1 mol

The full expression:

As you can see, the old units cancel out and you are left with kJ in the numerator and mol in the denominator.

Two equivalents of NaOH are needed to fully neutralize the solution.

A neutralization reaction involves the reaction of an acid and a base to form salt and water. The reaction is exothermic in nature.

For example,

[tex]HCl (aq) + NaOH(aq)\rightarrow NaCl(aq) + H_2O (l)[/tex]

During the titration of [tex]H_2PO_4^-[/tex] it gives [tex]2H^+[/tex].

[tex]H_2PO_4^- \rightarrow 2H^+ +PO_4^3^-[/tex]

To neutralize these [tex]2H^+[/tex], 2 [tex]OH^-[/tex] is needed which come from 2 equivalents of NaOH

[tex]2NaOH \rightarrow2 Na^+ +2OH^-[/tex]

Therefore, 2 equivalents of NaOH are needed

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99 140-10-3.

99 140-10-3 is the compound number for trans-cinnamic acid.

Phenolacrylic acid

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Mass of aluminum = (1.50 m^3)( 2.70 x 10^3 kg/m^3) = 4050 kg 

The intention of density is the assembly per volume of the substance. This is an intrinsic property consequently the size (or any external feature) does not change this effects.

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Answer: D

Explanation: 4.05 x 10^3 kg

When pcl5 solidifies it forms pcl4 cations and pcl6–anions. according to valence bond theory, hybrid orbitals that  are used by phosphorus in the pcl4 cations are one orbital of s and three orbital of p as it is sp³hydridised.

Hybridization is a process or system which specifies the shape and geometry of any element or molecule with bond angles too.

The pcl4 cation is sp³ hybridized because of the phosphorus behave as a central atom here and the 4 chloride molecules are attached with the p- orbitals to the phosphorus molecule.

Therefore, pcl4 cation  is sp³ hybridized.

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Answer:

c )   16

Explanation:

C4 H10 O    +   6 O2  =====>  4  CO2  +   5  H2O

1 + 6 + 4 + 5 = 16

Answer:

C.) 16

Explanation:

An equation is balanced when there are equal amounts of each element on both sides of the reaction. These values can be modified by adding coefficients.

The unbalanced equation:

C₄H₁₀O + O₂ -----> CO₂ + H₂O

Reactants: 4 carbon, 10 hydrogen, 3 oxygen

Products: 1 carbon, 2 hydrogen, 3 oxygen

The balanced equation:

1 C₄H₁₀O +  6 O₂ -----> 4 CO₂ + 5 H₂O

Reactants: 4 carbon, 10 hydrogen, 13 oxygen

Products: 4 carbon, 10 hydrogen, 13 oxygen

Now, you can add the coefficients:

1 + 6 + 4 + 5 = 16

Here BA is benzoic acid and B- is conjugate base;

BA is weaker than B- because the Ka < Kb

--> BA is stronger than B- because the Ka > Kb

BA is stronger than B- because the Ka < Kb

BA is weaker than B- because the Ka > Kb

A conjugate acid-base pair, according to the Brnsted-Lowry definition of acids and bases, consists of two substances that are distinct only in that they contain a proton (H+). When a proton is supplied to a base, a conjugate acid is created, and vice versa when a proton is taken away from an acid, a conjugate base is created. Yuki Jung was the creator.

The power of an acid (or base) is inversely proportional to the power of its conjugate base (or conjugate acid): The conjugate base of an acid is weaker the stronger it is. The conjugate base of a weaker acid has a stronger base. A pair of chemical species known as conjugate acid and conjugate base exhibit opposing chemical behaviors.

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Heya....

Here's your answer.....

PV = nRT... R is a constant...

so PV/nT = constant...

P1V1 / n1T1 = P2V2 / n2T2...P is constant.T is constant.. so

V1 / n1 = V2 / n2

since n = mass / mw

V1 / (mass 1 / mw) = V2 / (mass 2 / mw)

and since molecular mass = constant

V1 / mass 1 = V2 / mass 2

mass 2 = V2 x mass 1 / V1 = 2.90L x 2.00 g / 2.00 L = 2.9 g

mass 2 - mass 1 = 2.90 g - 2.00 g = 0.90 g

ie.. 0.90 g of He was added.

Thanks...!!!

The concentration of [ Hy³] = 4.861 *28⁻²³

The concentration of a solution is a measure of the amount of solute that has been dissolved in a given amount of solvent or answer. A focused answer is one which has a exceedingly massive quantity of dissolved solute. A dilute answer is one that has a tremendously small amount of dissolved solute.

Given,

 Molarity of VoSo4 ,M = 0.02M

     Vol of VoSo4 , V = 10 ml

Molarity of EDTA = 0.02 M

vol of EDTA = 9.10 ml = 0.0091 L

& 10 ml of buffer with pH =4

NOW,

     no. of moles of EDTA = molarity * Volume (L)

                                         =  0.02 M * 0.0091 L

                                        = 182 * 10^-6 moles

                                        = 1.82 * 10^-4 moles

Now,

       ∝ Y^3- = [tex]\frac{[Y^3-]}{moles of edta}[/tex]

         [ Y^3-] = ∝ Y^3- * moles of EDTA

Given,

at pH = 4,   ∝ Y^3- = 3*10^-9

    ∴ ∝ Y^3- =  3*10^-9

        [ Y^3-] = 3*10^-9 * 1.82 * 10^-4

                   = 5.46 * 10^-13

Now, K f = [H2Y^2-]/[vo^2+][y3-]

           [vo^2+] = 18.7

[H2Y2-] = K f * [ v o+][Y^2-]

    [H2Y2] = 3.762 * 10^-13

 [ HY^3-] = 4.8 * 10^-23

So, the concentration of the    [ HY^3-] is 4.8 * 10^-23

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Answer: The process is diffusion.

Explanation:

a dark liquid will have the highest concentration of dark purple atoms/molecules so it gives a concentrated colour.

when water is added to it, the colourless water molecules fill up the gaps between the purple particles and so their colour fades and becomes lighter and lighter as we add more water. see the image attached where imagine the red particles are water and the blue particles are purple particles. thats why the colour fades.

The volume of  0. 250 mole sample of [tex]H_{2}[/tex] gas occupy if it had a pressure of 1. 70 atm and a temperature of 35 °C is  3.71 L.

Calculation,

According to ideal gas equation which is known as ideal gas law,

PV =n RT

By putting all the values of the given data like pressure temperature universal gas constant and number of moles in equation (i) we get ,

1.7 atm×V = 0.25 mole ×0.082 × 208 K

V = 0.25 mole ×0.082atm L /mole K × 308 K /1.7 atm

V = 3.71 L

So, volume of the sample of the hydrogen gas occupy is  3.71 L.

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Question:

If butane had a volume of 500 ml. at a pressure of 1.5 atm and a temperature of 20 °C, what would the new volume of the gas be at a temperature of 30 °C and a pressure of 500 Torr?

Solution Given:

Let P be the pressure V be volume and and T be temperature.

Volume of Butane [[tex]V_1[/tex]] = 500 ml

Pressure of Butane [[tex]P_1[/tex]] = 1.5 atm

Temperature [[tex]T_1[/tex]] =20°C=20+273=293K

New Volume of Butane [[tex]V_2[/tex]] = ?

New Pressure of Butane [[tex]V_2[/tex]] =500 Torr=500*0.00131579=0.657895 atm

Note: 1 Torr= 0.00131579 atm

New Temperature of Butane [[tex]V_2[/tex]] =30°C=30+273=303K

Now

By using combined gas law equation:

[tex]V_2=V_2*\frac{P_1*T_2}{P_2*T_1}[/tex]

[tex]V_2=500*\frac{1.5*303}{0.657895*293}=1178.9 ml[/tex]

The new volume of Butane is 1178.9 ml

The mole fraction of ethylene glycol is 0.203.

The mole fraction represents the number of moles of a specific component divided by the total number of moles present in the given solution.

It is a method of expressing the concentration of a solution

Mole fraction can be represented by x. Let a solution consists of components A and B then, the mole fraction is

[tex]Mole fraction of solute, n_A = \frac{n_A}{n_A+n_B}[/tex]

[tex]Mole fraction of solvent, n_B = \frac{n_A}{n_A+n_B}[/tex]

The molar mass of ethylene glycol = 62 g

Given the mass of ethylene glycol = 2.109 x 10³ g

The molar mass of water = 18 g

Given the mass of water= 2.40×10³ g

No moles of ethylene glycol,  [tex]n_A[/tex] = [tex]\frac{2.109 \times 10^3 g}{62 g}[/tex]

                                                =34.02

No of moles of water, [tex]n_B[/tex] = [tex]\frac{2.40 \times 10^3 g}{18 g}[/tex] = 133.33

Mole fraction of ethylene glycol = [tex]x = \frac{n_A}{n_A +n_B}[/tex]  = [tex]\frac{34.02}{34.02+133.33} = \frac{34.02}{167.35}[/tex]

                                                      =  0.203

Hence, The mole fraction of ethylene glycol is 0.203

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Answer:

  3.0×10⁻¹³ M

Explanation:

The solubility product Ksp is the product of the concentrations of the ions involved. This relation can be used to find the solubility of interest.

The power of each concentration in the equation for Ksp is the coefficient of the species in the balanced equation.

  Ksp = [Al₃⁺³]×[OH⁻]³

The initial concentration [OH⁻] is that in water, 10⁻⁷ M. The reaction equation tells us there are 3 OH ions for each Al₃ ion. If x is the concentration [Al₃⁺³], then the reaction increases the concentration [OH⁻] by 3x.

This means the solubility product equation is ...

  Ksp = x(10⁻⁷ +3x)³

For the given Ksp = 3×10⁻³⁴, we can estimate the value of x will be less than 10⁻⁸. This means the sum will be dominated by the 10⁻⁷ term, and we can figure x from ...

  3.0×10⁻³⁴ = x(10⁻⁷)³

Then x = [Al₃⁺³] will be ...

  [tex][\text{Al}_3^{\,+3}]=\dfrac{3.0\times10^{-34}}{10^{-21}}\approx \boxed{3.0\times10^{-13}\qquad\text{moles per liter}}[/tex]

We note this value is significantly less than 10⁻⁷, so our assumption that it could be neglected in the original Ksp equation is substantiated.

__

Additional comment

The attachment shows the solution of the 4th-degree Ksp equation in x. The only positive real root (on the bottom line) rounds to 3.0×10^-13.

Equilibrium constant for the reaction is

[tex]\sf K_{sp}=[Al^{3+}][OH^-]^3[/tex]

So

[tex]\\ \rm\Rrightarrow s=\dfrac{3.0\times 10^{-34}}{(10^{-7})^3}[/tex[

[tex]\\ \rm\Rrightarrow s=\dfrac{3.0\times 10^{-34}}{10^{-21}}[/tex]

[tex]\\ \rm\Rrightarrow s=3.0\times 10^{-13}M[/tex]

When an electron in a hydrogen atom jumps from an orbital farther from the nucleus to an orbital closer to the nucleus, the energy is emitted.

The energy of electron decreases. When it goes, the electron release a photon of electromagnetic energy.

When an electron jumps from higher energy orbital to lower energy orbital, the difference in the energies of these two orbitals is radiated as quantum.

E = hc/wavelength

The photon is emitted with the electron moving from higher energy level to lower energy level.

The wavelength of emitted radiation would be (27/32) × wavelength.

Thus we concluded that the energy of photon is exact energy that is lost by the electron moving to its lower energy level.

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True

The bare minimum required standard

The minimal necessary standard restricts uses, disclosures, and requests for PHI to the bare minimum amount required to fulfil the use's or disclosure's intended purposes.

Under the Privacy Rule's Minimum Necessary Standard, covered entities are required to take all necessary precautions to ensure that protected health information (PHI) is only accessed as much as is required to carry out the duties at hand.

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Because it requires more energy to create a neutron from a proton than it does to create a proton from a neutron, protons were formed more frequently than neutrons in the early universe. The correct answer is option b.

To find the answer, we need to know more about the early universe.

Thus, we can conclude that, the correct answer is option b.

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The  empirical formula refers to the simplest formula of a compound.

The term empirical formula refers to the simplest formula of a compound. The empirical formula shows us the ratio of the atoms that are involved in the compound. It does not show the actual number of the atoms in the molecule as this is shown by the molecular formula. However, the arrangement of atoms in the compound is shown by the structural formula.

Now, let us write the compounds that can be formed rom each ion;

1) Fe^3+

-FeCl3

-FeBr3

-FeI3

-FeF3

2) C2H3O2^-

-NaC2H3O2

-KC2H3O2

-Ca(C2H3O2)2

-Mg(C2H3O2)2

3)

CN^-

-Fe(CN)3

-CsCN

-NaCN

-KCN

4) Pb^4+

-PbCl4

-PbI4

-PbBr4

-PbF4

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Amide is produced when a 2° amine and an acid chloride combine.

Acid chloride: What is it?

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Atomic or hybrid orbital on the central br atom makes up the sigma bond between this br and an outer f atom in bromine trifluoride, brf3 is sp2 hybridization

Trigonal hybridization is another name for sp2 hybridization. It entails combining one's' orbital with two 'p' orbitals of equal energy to create a new hybrid orbital known as sp2. A trigonal symmetry combination of s and p orbitals that is kept at 120

One of the hybrid orbitals formed when one s orbital and two p orbitals are mathematically merged to form three new equivalent orbitals orientated toward the corners of a triangle is sp2 hybridization.

The only feasible molecule geometry for sp2 hybridized center atoms is trigonal planar. When all of the bonds are in place, the shape is trigonal planar as well.

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The tetrahedral structure that forms the backbone of all silicate minerals is composed of silicon and option(b) i.e, oxygen

The tetrahedron-shaped silica chemical structure. It comprises a core silicon atom that connects with four oxygen atoms on both sides. The tetrahedron-shaped geometric figure that is drawn around this configuration has four sides, each of which is an equilateral triangle.

Silicon and oxygen make up the silica tetrahedron, which serves as the base for all silicate crystals. In all sorts of rocks and everywhere in the world, the mineral quartz, SiO2, is formed. In deposited rocks, it manifests as sand grains, in igneous and metamorphic rocks, as crystals, and in veins that cut through all different types of rocks. These veins occasionally contain gold or other precious metals. It is widely known that up until the late 1700s, it was simply known as rock crystal. Quarts belong to a class of minerals known as silicates, all of which include silicon and oxygen in varying amounts. The majority of the minerals in the crust of the planet are silicates, and most estimates place 97 percent of the mantle and 95 percent of the crust in the crust.

The complete question is:  

The silica tetrahedron that forms the backbone of all the silicate minerals is composed of silicon and what other element?

a. magnesium c. iron

b. oxygen d. carbon

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The concentration of the bromine solution, given the data is 0.04 M

Molarity is defined as the mole of solute per unit litre of solution. Mathematically, it can be expressed as:

Molarity = mole / Volume

Mole = mass / molar mass

Mole of bromine molecule (B₂) = 1.6 / 160

Mole of bromine molecule (B₂) = 0.01 mole

Molarity = mole / Volume

Molarity bromine solution = 0.01 / 0.25

Molarity bromine solution = 0.04 M

Thus, molarity of the bromine solution is 0.04 M

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The classification of whipped cream is a foam.

So, option C is correct one.

The whipped cream is a colloid and it consists of gas ( dispersed phase ) in liquid ( dispersed medium) system.

Sol is a solid dispersed in the liquid . Examples includes Au , S sol in water , milk of magnesia .

The emulsion is liquid dispersed into the liquid . Example is milk

Foam is a gas dispersed into the liquid . Examples includes whipped cream  , shaving cream , foam on the beer .

Gel is the liquid dispersed into the solid . Examples includes , butter , jellies .

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