Mueller et al. created a strain of mice that lacked the receptor that normally responds to a bitter substance called cyx. the mice without this receptor did not avoid cyx.
What is cyx receptor?
cyclohexamide(cyx) is a toxic antibiotic with a unique chemical structure genrated by the actinomycete, streptomyces griseus,has emerged as a primary focus of studies on mammalian bitter taste.Rats and mice avoid it at concentrations well below the thresholds for most bitter stimuli and T2R G-protein coupled receptors specific for cyx with appropriate sensitivity identified for those species.Like mouse and rat,golden hamsters,Mesocricetus auratus, also detected and rejected micromolar levels of cyx.
the gene for the high affinity cyx receptors is a member of a cluster of 5 orthologous T2R genes that are likely rodent specific ;thus "cyx clade " is found in the mouse,rat and probably hamster, but not in the human or rabbit genome.
Learn more about taste receptors here :
brainly.com/question/15309897
#SPJ4
During binary fission in a bacterial cell, a base pair is changed from adenine to cytosine. what has just occurred?
During binary fission in a bacterial cell, a base pair is changed from adenine to cytosine due to a random mutation.
Binary fission is a type of asexual reproduction through which a bacteria divides and its body is separated into two new bodies.
If during binary fission in a bacterial cell, a base pair is changed from adenine to cytosine, it is because of a random mutation. A mutation is a genetic alteration or a change in the DNA sequence which results in the generation of a variant. Mutations in the DNA sequence which occur without any specific pattern is known as a random mutation.
To learn more about mutation here
brainly.com/question/13923224
#SPJ4
The origin of the frontalis muscle is the:________
a. frontal bone.
b. mandible.
c. occipital bone.
d. forehead.
e. epicranial aponeurosis.
The origin of the frontal bone is muscle is the forehead. Thus, the option D is the correct option.
What is hyoid bone?The hyoid bone has been considered as the part of the hyo-gloso-pharyngeal complex at the base of the lower jaw and at the level of the third and the fourth cervical vertebrae. The thirteen muscles has been inserted into it, the ones above are the suprahyoids that are responsible for lowering the jaw. The hyoid bone has been involved in the phonation, as well as chewing and swallowing.
Parietal bones has been paired the structure that form the roof and the side of the cranium.The parietal bones has been articulated with each other and they form suture. It articulates occipital bone posteriorly,and anteriorly with the frontal bone which form a suture called as coronal suture.
Inferiorly the parietal bone has been articulated with the sphenoid and temporal bone. Zygomatic bone has irregular shaped and the paired structure that the articulates with maxilla as well as temporal bone, sphenoid bone,and the frontal bone.
Therefore, The origin of the frontal bone is muscle is the forehead. Thus, the option D is the correct option.
Learn more about hyoid bone on:
https://brainly.com/question/6080319
#SPJ2
Determine if there is a statistically significant difference between the absorption data of black walnut trees and maple trees.
Based on the data, it can be concluded there is a statistically significant difference between the absorption data of black walnut trees and maple trees.
What does statistically significant difference means?This term is used when there is an important difference between the data gathered of two or more groups.
Is there a statistically significant difference in this case?Based on the date, there is a statistically significant difference between black walnut trees and maple trees because the average carbondioxide absorption is different.
Black Walnut average : 7.26 Maple tree average: 5.82.This shows the difference between these two type of trees is almost 2, which is a big difference that is likely caused by the unique characteristics of each tree.
Learn more about statics in: https://brainly.com/question/24160155
#SPJ1
About how many cells are in the human body? this sounds like a complex question, but you can make a pretty good estimate with a little bit of background knowledge and what you have learned thus far!
There are approximately 30 trillion cells present in the human body.
How many different kinds of cells are there in an adult human body?Humans are intricate, multicellular entities. Our bodies contain "specialized" cells. This implies that every cell type has a distinct and important role. Because of this, each of the body's 200 different types of cells has a unique structure, size, shape, and function, as well as a variety of organelles.
Human cells are not the only ones in our bodies, of course. According to recent studies, the average human contains about 38 trillion bacteria. With this, the overall number of cells now exceeds 68 trillion (human or not).
To know more about Cells visit:
https://brainly.com/question/3142913
#SPJ4
Multiple arteries joined in order to serve a single capillary network are called:______.
Answer:
they are called collaterals
Which diagnostic test is used for the direct visualization of ligaments, menisci, and articular surfaces of joints?
Arthroscopy is done for direct visualization of the ligaments, menisci, and articular surfaces of the joints. Thus, option A is correct.
What is the role of ligament?Ligaments are type of connective tissue which help to connect bones, joints and organs. It provide support internal parts of the body.
It is made of a band of connective tissue, collagenous fibre and spindle-shaped fibrocytes which is an elastic fibers.
Ligaments holds bones together, stabilize it, provide strength to joints etc.
By the use of Arthroscopy doctors can diagnose and treat the joint’s structural problems like any dysfunction. Hence, Option A is correct.
Learn more about ligament, here:
https://brainly.com/question/12977543
#SPJ4
Your question was incomplete. So the probable question was
Which diagnostic test is used for the direct visualization of ligaments, menisci, and articular surfaces of joints?
A. Arthroscopy
B. Muscle biopsy
C. Ultrasonography
D. Electromyography
When a person sees a doctor about a respiratory illness, the doctor will want to determine if the sickness is in the
upper respiratory tract or the lower respiratory tract. The starting point for the lower respiratory system is the
trachea.
Which structures are part of the upper respiratory system? Select three options.
the larynx
0
the bronchus
the alveoli
the lungs
the pharynx
The nose
Answer:
its below
Explanation:
The major passages and structures of the upper respiratory tract include the nose or nostrils, nasal cavity, mouth, throat (pharynx), and voice box (larynx)
Section 2: HUMAN IMPACT
In this section of your project, describe how human behaviors impact the environment. Choose your top 3 environmental impacts to describe in this section include how they affect the environment (examples: decreased water quality, increased pollution, greenhouse emissions, depletion of natural resources).
Human behaviors greatly impact the environment by overpopulation, pollution, burning fossil fuels, and deforestation.
How human behaviors impact the environment?Humans impact the environment in many ways such as overpopulation, pollution, burning of fossil fuels, and deforestation. These changes triggered the climate change, soil erosion, poor air quality, and undrinkable water. So that's why we can say that human intervention in the environment is not good for our environment.
So we can conclude that human behaviors greatly impact the environment by overpopulation, pollution, burning fossil fuels, and deforestation.
Learn more about environment here: https://brainly.com/question/17413226
#SPJ1
Now conduct research on the types of organisms that live in the ecosystem you chose. note that quaternary consumers and even tertiary consumers can include land animals that rely on the animals in the aquatic ecosystem for food. collect information based on these guidelines: producers: identify 2-3 species. primary (or first-level) consumers: identify 2-3 species. secondary (or second-level) consumers: identify 2-3 species. tertiary (or third-level) consumers: identify 2-3 species. quaternary (or fourth-level) consumers: identify 1-2 species. write down the species you’ve identified for each consumer level in the ecosystem.
conduct research on the types of organisms that live in the ecosystem you choose -
Ecosystems, or biological communities, comprise both living organisms such as animals, plants, insects, and microorganisms and nonliving components such as rocks, soil, water, and sunshine.
Producers are plants and algae that manufacture their own sustenance.Herbivores eat plants and are classified as main consumers. Secondary consumers are carnivores that devour herbivores at the third level. Tertiary consumers are predators that consume other carnivores.To learn more about ecosystem from the given link
https://brainly.com/question/15971107
#SPJ4
An important difference between the peritubular capillaries and the vasa recta in the kidney is that?
Vasa recta are a unique kind of peritubular capillary that feeds the kidney's medulla with oxygen and nutrients, whereas peritubular capillaries are capillaries that emerge from the efferent arteriole. This is the main distinction between the two types of capillaries.
Vasa Recta: What are they?
The unique peritubular capillaries known as vasa recta supply oxygen and nutrients to the kidney's medulla. They especially come from juxtamedullary nephrons' efferent arterioles and wind around those organelles' Henle loops. They also create a parallel series of hairpin loops inside the kidney's medulla. Vasa recta have high water and solute permeability.Peritubular Capillaries: What Are They?
The efferent arteriole that emerges from the glomerulus gives rise to the capillary network known as peritubular capillaries. The renal cortex receives nutrients and oxygen via peritubular capillaries. As a result, the renal cortex contains a greater percentage of peritubular capillaries. They encircle the distal and proximal tubules.Learn more about peritubular capillary here:
https://brainly.com/question/10104121
#SPJ1
How many times a day is the third phosphate added and removed from a single atp in your body?
There will be 100 to 150 mol/L ATP are required in a day , that means each ATP molecules is recycled 1000 to 1500 times per day. When the third phosphate is cut and loose , ATP become ADP and stored energy is released.
There are three phosphate group are added to one another by two high energy bonds called phosphoanhydride bonds. 1 phosphate group is removed by breaking a phosphoanhydride bond , this process is known as the hydrolysis.
Energy released by the process of hydrolysis of third phosphate then the resulting ADP absorb energy and regain the group, regenerating an ATP molecules which allows ATP to store energy like a rechargeable battery.
To learn more about the ATP molecules here
https://brainly.com/question/12277357
#SPJ4
Areas along the costal regions of continents have more moderate climates than their inland counterparts. What property of water allows this to be possible?
Areas along costal regions of continents have more moderate climates than their inland counterparts because Water has a high specific heat.
Water has a higher heat capacity than soil and rock, so the ocean takes much longer to heat and to cool than the land. Coastal areas will generally have more moderate temperatures than inland areas because of the heat capacity of the ocean.
Large bodies of water such as oceans, seas, and large lakes affect the climate of an area. Water heats and cools more slowly than land. Therefore, in the summer, the coastal regions will stay cooler and in winter warmer. A more moderate climate with a smaller temperature range is created.
To learn more about Water , here
https://brainly.com/question/19920929
#SPJ4
In which type of nondisjunction could the two copies of a chromosome in a gamete be heterozygous?.
Gametes with two heterozygous copies of a chromosome may result from nondisjunction in either meiotic division.
What three types of nondisjunction are there?Nondisjunction can take one of three different forms: failing to separate a homologous pair of chromosomes during meiosis I; failing to separate sister chromatids during meiosis II; or failing to separate sister chromatids during mitosis.
How can you tell whether nondisjunction takes place in meiosis 1 or 2?Nondisjunction, which can lead to an aberrant amount of chromosome-bearing gametes, can happen during meiosis I and meiosis II. The primary distinction between nondisjunction in meiosis 1 and 2 is that whereas sister chromatids fail to separate in meiosis II, homologous chromosomes fail to separate during meiosis 1.What are mitotic and meiotic divisions?Mitosis and meiosis are the two distinct processes of cell division.When people talk about "cell division," they typically mean mitosis, which is the process of creating new cells for the body. The cell division process known as meiosis is what produces egg and sperm cells. A vital process for life is mitosis.learn more about Nondisjunction during meiosis here
https://brainly.com/question/14450336
#SPJ4
The medulla is considered part of the brain rather than the spinal cord because it ____.
Answer:
is contained in the skull
Many plants have lipids in large amounts in their seeds. what is the function of the lipids to these plants
0il bodies are lipid (mainly triacylglycerols) storage compartments that occur primarily in seeds and senescing leaves. Seed oil bodies develop from the endoplasmic reticulum in embryo cells during seed maturation and are degraded during seed germination and subsequent seedling growth.
What are Triacylglycerols and it's function?
Triacylglycerols are the major oils used for energy and metabolic substrates during seedling growth. Oil bodies also function as subcellular factories that produce antifungal compounds in senescing leaves and perilesional leaf areas infected with fungi.The majority of plant lipids act as energy stores (e.g., triacylglycerols in seeds) or as plant membrane components (e.g., galactosyl glycerides in chloroplast membranes and phosphoglycerates in non-chloroplast membranes). Furthermore, surface lipids such as waxes and cutin provide an impervious barrier on the plant surface to reduce water loss and to provide protection against plant pathogens and toxins. Lipids are found in relatively small amounts in temperate grasses and generally decrease as the plant matures.To learn more about lipids: https://brainly.com/question/3498396
#SPJ4
_________ can take many different forms ranging from human organs to computer software.
Components can take many different forms ranging from human organs to computer software such as - CPU, Memory and IO.There are invincible indestructible and codependent connection between humans and computers.
CPU is like brain of the body which controls the computer , Memory which gain and store every commend like a human memory store Relationship is based on the difference and similarities between human and computers and the ways in which what one of them lacks be fulfilled by what the other one has.
Computer and humans inhabit same world in which they Seems to be existing in symbiosis, which means both are depend on each others.Collaborative computerized robots that are part machines part humans.
To learn more about computer software here
https://brainly.com/question/7381060
#SPJ4
What feature of a phospholipid's anatomy, when incorporated into the lipid bilayer of a cell's plasma membrane, prevent ions from freely diffusing into or out of a cell?
Anatomically, phospholipids are amphipathic molecules. This feature when incorporated into the lipid bilayer of a cell's plasma membrane prevents ions from freely diffusing into or out of a cell.
An amphipathic molecule contains both a hydrophilic (water-loving) as well as a hydrophobic (water-hating) region. A single phospholipid molecule contains a phosphate group on one end which is called the “head,” and two side-by-side chains of fatty acids that form the lipid “tails”.
Phospholipids are able to form cell membranes due to the fact that the phosphate group head is hydrophilic while the fatty acid tails are hydrophobic.
The lipid bilayer thus, acts as a barrier to the passage of molecules and ions into and out of the cell.
To learn more about phospholipids here
https://brainly.com/question/20561742
#SPJ4
what was Mendels Pea experiment? summary for notes
Why do humans have a strong impact on the fast carbon cycle?
Burning fossil fuels or cement has relatively little of an influence on humans in terms of producing carbon dioxide. The general people has been duped into believing we are a major factor in the greenhouse effect.
The biggest misconception regarding the movement for people to emit no net amount of CO2 is that natural supplies of this plant nourishment dwarf our emissions. This indicates that even if all people disappeared overnight, atmospheric CO2 levels would not significantly drop.
The statistics on the steady increase in CO2 throughout the heaviest periods of the global lockdown, which significantly restricted any human-sourced emissions, will give you a decent idea of this.
As for the so-called greenhouse gases, CO2 naturally occurs in water vapor, which makes up more than three times as much of the GHG as CO2. This indicates that the human component of the GHG is 0.6 percent.
When you take into account how little human emissions are in the grand scheme of things, you have to stop and wonder if any efforts you make to lower your emissions are in vain.
Thank you,
Eddie
How does biological catalysts operate? Discuss an example of a mechanism that can modulate the chemical reaction to go up or down depending on the prevailing conditions.
Enzymes, which are proteins that catalyst every chemical process that occurs in a live cell of any animal, are referred to as "biocatalysts."
Enzymes speed up the rate of chemical processes by lowering the activation energy but at a higher turnover rate than inorganic catalysts. Many biocatalysts function similarly to the one shown in the figure below. By momentarily connecting with the reactants, the biocatalyst combines them. As a result, the reactants can react with each other more readily and quickly as a result.
Conversion of glucose into ethyl alcohol is one such example. Ethyl alcohol and carbon dioxide are produced when the enzyme zymase breaks down glucose.
To learn more about biocatalysts click here
https://brainly.com/question/14953274
#SPJ4
Why is it important that scientists haven't identified a lokiarchaeote cell yet
Well, scientists are working hard to find out more about cells, so they should know all of the cells. The Lokiarchaeote cell is one of the only ones they have yet to find out stuff about. Scientists also need to know about it, because it is a part of our bodies, and maybe sometimes they can cause infection in the body. Scientists need to know if it could lead to some of the biggest infections ever.
Two parents who are affected by a genetic disorder produce a normal child. This is an example of an/an _______.
autosomal dominant trait
autosomal recessive trait
X-linked recessive trait
Y-linked trait
Two parents who are affected by a genetic disorder produce a normal child is an example of an autosomal dominant trait.
What is an autosomal dominant trait?An autosomal dominant trait is any condition that is expressed only by the presence of the dominant allele and therefore this trait can be expressed in heterozygous individuals.
The heterozygous individuals can have a normal child if he/she is homozygous recessive for the genetic condition.
In conclusion, two parents who are affected by a genetic disorder produce a normal child is an example of an autosomal dominant trait.
Learn more about autosomal dominant traits here:
https://brainly.com/question/20906745
#SPJ1
What would increase the amount of oxygen unloaded by hemoglobin into peripheral tissues?
Decreased pH would increase the amount of oxygen unloaded by hemoglobin into peripheral tissues.
What is hemoglobin?The iron-containing oxygen-transporting metalloprotein known as hemoglobin.The abbreviations Hb or Hgb, is found in the red blood cells of almost all vertebrates as well as some invertebrate organs. The oxygen from the respiratory organs is transported to the rest of the body by hemoglobin in the blood.Iron deficiency anemia is characterized by low hemoglobin that is brought on by low iron levels. Low hemoglobin is most frequently caused by a diet that is inadequate in iron. Low hemoglobin levels can cause headaches, exhaustion, and pale complexion. Surgery, iron therapy, and iron supplementation are all options for treating low hemoglobin.Red blood cells include the protein hemoglobin, which transports oxygen to your body's organs and tissues and carbon dioxide from those tissues back to your lungs. A low red blood cell count if a hemoglobin test finds that your hemoglobin level is lower than normal (anemia).Learn more about hemoglobin here:
https://brainly.com/question/10122738
#SPJ4
in a population of sexually reproducing bacteria how can we select for the resistant ones by only taking antibiotics for 2 days instead of the full 10 days that the drugs were prescribed
We can select the resistant microbes that were survived on the second day of antibiotic application.
How can we select for the resistant ones?We can select for the resistant ones by only taking antibiotics for 2 days instead of the full 10 days that the drugs were prescribed in order to see the microorganism that survived on the second day. Bacteria get resistance when they are exposed to similar type of chemicals for a long time. Some of bacteria mutate and make defenses against the chemical which leads to survival of that organism.
So we can conclude that We can select the resistant microbes that were survived on the second day of antibiotic application.
Learn more about antibiotics here: https://brainly.com/question/6970037
#SPJ1
Where are the hormones oxytocin and antidiuretic hormone (adh) stored?
The axon terminals of neurons of the hypothalamic-hypophyseal tracts store and secrete ADH and oxytocin in the capillaries of the inferior hypophyseal artery.
Hypophyseal artery:
The infundibulum of the pituitary gland, the pars tuberalis, and the median eminence are all supplied by the superior hypophyseal artery. It is a branch of the internal carotid artery's cerebral portion. In order to supply the hypothalamus, the superior hypophyseal arteries split off from the internal carotid arteries, forming a capillary network in the median eminence that is not protected by the blood-brain barrier. The infundibular plexuses and the stalk, respectively, are the sources of the long and short hypophyseal portal veins.
The C6 section of the internal carotid artery gives rise to the superior hypophyseal artery (or arteries). Within 5 mm of the ocular artery's origin, it often arises as a single trunk from the internal carotid artery's medial or posteromedial side.
Learn more about hypophyseal artery here:
https://brainly.com/question/24233208
#SPJ4
What effect will a large increase in blood volume have on blood pressure, in a blood vessel with a high compliance as compared to one with low compliance?
What effect will a large increase in blood volume have on blood pressure, in a blood vessel with a high compliance as compared to one with low compliance?
Blood pressure will rise more in blood vessels with lesser compliance as a result.
What is blood pressure?Blood pressure (BP) is the force exerted by moving blood against blood vessel walls. The heart's action of pumping blood through the circulatory system is mostly responsible for this pressure. The pressure in the major arteries is meant when the word "blood pressure" is used without qualifier. Systolic pressure, or the highest pressure during one heartbeat, is typically stated as the ratio of diastolic pressure, or the lowest pressure between two heartbeats, in blood pressure measurements. It is expressed as a millimeter of mercury (mmHg) above the air pressure in the immediate vicinity.
Along with respiratory rate, heart rate, oxygen saturation, and body temperature, blood pressure is one of the vital signs that medical practitioners consider when assessing a patient's health. An adult's normal resting blood pressure is about 120 millimeters of mercury.
To learn more about blood pressure from the given the link?
https://brainly.com/question/16578964
#SPJ4
The first step in dna isolation is called ________. it refers to the process of releasing dna from the cells.
The first step in dna isolation is called Homogenization.
In research, it is routine practise to isolate and purify DNA. The material must be homogenised in order to isolate DNA. The homogenization of glass beads or tissue with a mortar and pestle is a common method for doing this.
The first of these procedures entails pulverising the DNA with a mortar and pestle after adding liquid nitrogen. In order to break up the tissue, add the samples to tubes containing glass beads and quickly shake or vibrate the tube. Both approaches run the risk of severing the nucleic acid, especially the biggest fragments.
Therefore, The first step in dna isolation is called Homogenization
Learn more about DNA here:
https://brainly.com/question/264225
#SPJ1
Within the abdomen, organs that are completely surrounded by the visceral peritoneum are called ______ organs.
Why must the electron transport chain proteins and molecules be embedded in a membrane?
Answer:
because that way protons can be compartmentalized and form a gradient.
HELP! 30 points plus BRAINLIEST
Which one of the following methods is most effective in protecting the environment?
A) Finding new locations to store wastes where they are less likely to harm organisms.
B) Physically removing wastes that are in the environment.
C) Recycling materials so that fewer resources are used and less trash is produced.
D) Reducing the amount of materials used without recycling.
Answer:
you better give me brainliest
Explanation:
Recycling materials so that fewer resources are used and less trash is produced