The Contribution Margin Ratio of Cullumber Company is 61%.Therefore, the answer is option (d) 61%.
The Contribution Margin is the difference between the company's sales revenue and variable expenses. It is the amount of money that is left over from each sale to contribute towards covering fixed costs and generating profits.
It is computed by subtracting total variable expenses from total sales revenue, so the Contribution Margin ratio is calculated as the contribution margin divided by the sales revenue.To calculate the contribution margin ratio, we use the following formula:
Contribution Margin Ratio = (Contribution Margin / Sales Revenue) * 100Given, Marigold Company has sales of $492000, variable costs of $420660, and fixed costs of $26000.Contribution Margin = Sales Revenue - Variable Costs= $492000 - $420660= $71340Contribution Margin Ratio = (Contribution Margin / Sales Revenue) * 100= ($71340 / $492000) * 100= 14.5%Hence, the Contribution Margin Ratio of Marigold Company is 14.5%.
For Cullumber Company, sales are $492000, variable costs are $192000, and fixed costs are $249000.Contribution Margin = Sales Revenue - Variable Costs= $492000 - $192000= $300000Contribution Margin Ratio = (Contribution Margin / Sales Revenue) * 100= ($300000 / $492000) * 100= 61%
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Choose all that are appropriate.
1. D If two firms are in the same industry, the firm with a higher P/E ratio is expected to have
more growth opportunities 2. The value of a firm can be calculated from the firm's balance sheet by subtracting the sum
of all liability items from the sum of all the assets items. 3. An assumption of discount rate of 10 percent and 3 percent growth would be broadly
consistent with a multiple of enterprise value to free cash flow of 13.0. 4. © The cost of debt of a firm can be calculated by multiplying the firm's current ratio by the
firm's credit rating and add the risk-free rate. 5. One way to calculate the cost of equity of a firm is to take the risk-free rate and add the
market risk premium adjusted by the firm's beta.
Paragraph 1 (Summary):
Among the given statements, the appropriate choices are 1 and 5. Statement 1 is accurate as a higher price-to-earnings (P/E) ratio indicates that investors expect more growth opportunities from the firm. Statement 5 is also correct since the cost of equity can be calculated by adding the risk-free rate to the market risk premium adjusted by the firm's beta. These two statements provide insights into the relationship between financial ratios, growth prospects, and the cost of equity for a firm.
Paragraph 2 (Explanation):
Statement 1 is accurate because the P/E ratio is a commonly used valuation metric that reflects the market's expectations about a company's future earnings growth. A higher P/E ratio suggests that investors are willing to pay a premium for the stock, indicating anticipated growth opportunities. This is based on the assumption that higher growth prospects can potentially lead to higher earnings, which justifies the higher valuation.
Statement 5 is also correct as it outlines one approach to calculate the cost of equity. The cost of equity represents the return required by investors for holding the company's stock. It is calculated by adding the risk-free rate (typically the yield on government bonds) to the market risk premium, which represents the additional return investors expect for taking on the risk of investing in the stock market. The market risk premium is adjusted by the firm's beta, which measures the stock's sensitivity to market movements.
In summary, statement 1 highlights the relationship between a firm's P/E ratio and its growth opportunities, indicating that a higher P/E ratio suggests more growth potential. Statement 5 explains how to calculate the cost of equity by considering the risk-free rate, market risk premium, and the firm's beta. These concepts are essential in understanding the financial aspects of a firm and its valuation.
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Rose Oil Cosmetics plans to grow its company by offering a new line of anti-aging products that are superior and uniquely different than their competitor's product. Rose Oil knows that it needs to invest heavily in R&D and innovative methods to ensure that it can achieve its goal. Identify two key elements that you would expect to see included in the balanced scorecard for each of the perspectives (financial, customer, internal business, and learning and growth) for Rose Oil.
Including the key elements in the balanced scorecard enables Rose Oil Cosmetics to assess and monitor its progress across financial, customer, internal business, and learning and growth perspectives. It ensures a holistic view of the company's performance and alignment with its strategic goals, specifically related to the successful launch and growth of the new anti-aging product line.
For Rose Oil Cosmetics, here are two key elements that can be included in the balanced scorecard for each of the perspectives:
Financial Perspective:
1. Revenue Growth: Measure the growth in revenue generated from the new line of anti-aging products compared to the previous period or against industry benchmarks. This indicates the financial success of the product line and the company's ability to attract customers and generate sales.
2. Return on Investment (ROI) in R&D: Track the ROI on the investment in research and development (R&D) activities specifically related to the development of innovative anti-aging products. This metric assesses the financial effectiveness of the R&D efforts and the value generated from the investment.
Customer Perspective:
1. Customer Satisfaction: Conduct customer surveys or gather feedback to assess the satisfaction levels of customers using the new anti-aging products. This metric provides insights into the effectiveness and appeal of the products, indicating whether they meet customer expectations and preferences.
2. Market Share: Monitor the company's market share in the anti-aging products segment, comparing it to competitors. Increasing market share indicates the company's ability to attract and retain customers, demonstrating the superiority and uniqueness of its products.
Internal Business Perspective:
1. Research and Development (R&D) Efficiency: Measure the efficiency and effectiveness of the R&D process by tracking metrics such as the time taken from concept to product launch, the number of successful product launches, or the number of patent applications filed. This reflects the company's ability to innovate and develop superior anti-aging products.
2. Supply Chain Optimization: Monitor metrics related to supply chain management, such as inventory turnover, order fulfillment cycle time, or supplier performance. This ensures efficient procurement, production, and distribution of the anti-aging products, enabling timely delivery and cost-effective operations.
Learning and Growth Perspective:
1. Employee Skill Development: Track the number of training hours, certifications, or skill enhancements achieved by employees involved in the development and marketing of the new product line. This demonstrates the company's focus on employee growth and expertise to support innovation and deliver superior products.
2. Innovation Culture: Measure the number of new ideas generated, the rate of successful idea implementation, or the involvement of employees in innovation initiatives. This metric reflects the company's commitment to fostering a culture of innovation, encouraging employees to contribute and think creatively.
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A proprietary company must have at least one shareholder and cannot have more than: a. 50 non-employee shareholders. b. 20 non-employee shareholders. c. 500 non-employee shareholders. d. 100 non-employee shareholders.
A proprietary company must have at least one shareholder and cannot have more than 50 non-employee shareholders. Therefore, the correct answer is option a. 50 non-employee shareholders.
In Australia, a proprietary company is a type of company structure commonly used by small businesses. According to the Corporations Act 2001, a proprietary company must have at least one shareholder. This means that it cannot operate without any shareholders.
Additionally, there is a limit on the number of non-employee shareholders that a proprietary company can have. Non-employee shareholders refer to individuals who are not employed by the company. The maximum number of non-employee shareholders allowed for a proprietary company is 50.
Therefore, the correct answer is option a. 50 non-employee shareholders, as it aligns with the requirement of having at least one shareholder and the limitation on the number of non-employee shareholders for a proprietary company in Australia.
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Sheridan Company’s sales budget projects unit sales of part 198Z of 8,800 units in January, 10,400 units in February, and 11,600 units in March. Each unit of part 198Z requires 4 pounds of materials, which cost $2 per pound. Sheridan Company desires its ending raw materials inventory to equal 40% of the next month’s production requirements, and its ending finished goods inventory to equal 20% of the next month’s expected unit sales. These goals were met at December 31, 2021.
(a)
Prepare a production budget for January and February 2022.
SHERIDAN COMPANY
Production Budget
choose the accounting period
January
February
select an opening production budget item
enter a number of units
enter a number of units
select between addition and deduction
: select an item
enter a number of units enter a number of units
select a summarizing line for the first part
enter a total number of units for the first part
enter a total number of units for the first part
select between addition and deduction
: select a production budget item
enter a number of units enter a number of units
select a closing production budget item
enter a total number of units enter a total number of units
SHERIDAN COMPANY Production Budget January: Beginning Finished Goods Inventory: 20% of February's expected unit sales Add: Unit sales for January Total Units to Produce.
Sum of Beginning Inventory and Unit Sales February: Beginning Finished Goods Inventory: 20% of March's expected unit sales Add: Unit sales for February Total Units to Produce: Sum of Beginning Inventory and Unit Sales Based on the given information, we can calculate the production budget as follows: January: Beginning Finished Goods Inventory: 20% of 10,400 units (February's expected unit sales) = 2,080 units Add: Unit sales for January = 8,800 units Total Units to Produce: 2,080 units + 8,800 units = 10,880 units February: Beginning Finished Goods materials Inventory: 20% of 11,600 units (March's expected unit sales) = 2,320 units Add: Unit sales for February = 10,400 units Total Units to Produce: 2,320 units + 10,400 units = 12,720 units Therefore, the production budget for January 2022 is 10,880 units, and the production budget for February 2022 is 12,720 units.
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Case Study:
Martin is looking for an investment which will mature in five years and plans to use the amount to finance his daughter’s university education. He estimates he will need $500,000 in expenses at that time for his daughter’s education expenses. His financial advisor presents him with a 5- year structured deposit A. It will earn 1% per annum for the first two years, stepping up to 2% in the 3rd year and 3% in the last 2 years.
Question (Ci) :
You are considering an alternative investment C which is a 5-year annuity of $105,000 each year with an interest rate of 2.5% per annum. How much will this investment cost today? If the annual cash flows of $105,000 are reinvested each year at 2.5%, will this be enough to fund Martin’s daughter’s education in 5 years’ time?
Question (Cii) :
If Martin can choose the amount to receive every year such that he will have exactly $500,000 at the end of 5 years, how much would he need to set aside today to invest in C? How much would the annual payment be in this case?
In the case study, Martin is considering investment option C, which is a 5-year annuity of $105,000 each year with an interest rate of 2.5% per annum. To calculate the cost of this investment today, we can use the present value of an annuity formula.
Therefore, the cost of this investment today would be approximately $437,846.67.To determine if the annuity will be enough to fund Martin's daughter's education in 5 years' time, we need to calculate the future value of the annuity. Using the future value of an annuity formula, we can calculate: Since the future value of the annuity is greater than Martin's estimated education expenses of $500,000, the annuity will be enough to fund his daughter's education. To calculate the cost of this investment today, we can use the present value of an annuity formula. which is a 5-year annuity of $105,000 each year with an interest rate of 2.5% per annum.
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Explain what is a cost report. Describe what is a cost center
and how expenses are allocated. What are direct and indirect
costs?
A cost report provides detailed expense breakdown, while a cost center incurs costs without generating immediate revenue.
An organization's costs for a given time period are broken out in great detail in a cost report, which is a financial document. It contains details on a range of costs, including those for labour, supplies, utilities, and overhead. A cost report is used to monitor budgetary adherence, analyze and control costs, and make strategic decisions about resource allocation and cost management.
A department, section, or division within an organization that incurs costs but does not immediately produce revenue is known as a cost center. It is in charge of particular tasks or duties, and costs are divided among cost center in accordance with resource usage or consumption. This allocation procedure facilitates improved cost tracking and assists in determining the cost center's contribution to the organization's total expenses.
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The folllowing information relates to Bronco Inc.:
Net profit margin =15%
Total asset turnover =1.2
Financial leverage ratio =1.3
What is Bronco Inc.'s return on equity (ROE) ?
a 26.2%
b 28.3%
c 23.4%
d 31.2%
Bronco Inc.'s return on equity (ROE) is 23.4%.
This is calculated by multiplying the net profit margin, total asset turnover, and financial leverage ratio. The ROE indicates the company's profitability in relation to its equity investment.
To calculate the return on equity (ROE), we utilize three key financial ratios: net profit margin, total asset turnover, and financial leverage ratio. The net profit margin measures the percentage of each sales dollar that represents profit after deducting expenses. In this case, the net profit margin is 15%. The total asset turnover ratio determines how efficiently a company utilizes its assets to generate sales.
Here, the total asset turnover is 1.2, indicating that each dollar of assets generates $1.2 in sales. The financial leverage ratio reflects the proportion of a company's debt to equity. For Bronco Inc., the financial leverage ratio is 1.3, implying that the company has a slightly higher level of debt relative to equity. Multiplying these three ratios together, we find the ROE to be 23.4%. This means that for each dollar of equity investment, Bronco Inc. generates a return of 23.4 cents in profit.
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On 29 June 2018, Manufacturing Ltd purchased a new R3.5 million (excluding VAT) machine for its manufacturing process and immediately put it to work (i.e. brought it into use). The company's year-end is 30 September.
(i) Calculate the tax allowances that Manufacturing Ltd may claim in terms of section 12C for its financial years ended 30 September 2017 and 30 September 2018. The company is a registered vendor and may claim the value-added tax by way of an input tax credit for VAT purposes. Also show the tax value of this machine as at the end of the years of assessment for 2017 and 2018.
(ii) On the assumption that the R4.8 million was spent on erecting an industrial building on its industrial site rather than purchasing a new machine, redo your calculations as required in part (i) above. Assume the company qualifies for a 5% per annum building allowance.
The tax allowances that Manufacturing Ltd may claim in terms of section 12C for the financial years ended 30 September 2017 and 30 September 2018 will depend on the depreciation rates applicable to the machine.
The tax value of the machine at the end of each year of assessment will also be determined based on these calculations.
If the R4.8 million was spent on erecting an industrial building instead of purchasing a machine, the calculations for tax allowances and the tax value will be different. Assuming a 5% per annum building allowance, the company can claim a building allowance deduction based on the cost of the building. The tax value of the building at the end of each year of assessment will also be determined based on these calculations.
(i) To calculate the tax allowances for the machine in terms of section 12C, it is necessary to determine the depreciation rates applicable. The specific rates depend on the nature of the machine and are provided by the tax authorities. Once the depreciation rates are known, the tax allowances for each financial year can be calculated by applying the rates to the cost of the machine. The tax value of the machine at the end of each year of assessment is the cost minus the tax allowances claimed.
(ii) If the R4.8 million was spent on erecting an industrial building, the company can qualify for a building allowance deduction of 5% per annum. The building allowance is calculated by applying the 5% rate to the cost of the building. The tax value of the building at the end of each year of assessment is the cost minus the building allowance claimed. The calculations for tax allowances and tax value will differ from those of a machine because the tax regulations treat buildings and machinery differently in terms of depreciation and allowances.
It is important to note that the specific tax laws and regulations of the jurisdiction where Manufacturing Ltd operates may have additional factors or provisions that need to be considered in these calculations. Therefore, consulting with a tax professional or accountant familiar with the relevant tax laws is advisable to ensure accurate calculations and compliance with tax regulations.
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Preferred stock is a hybrid-a sort of cross between a common stock and a bond-in the sense that it has a par value and pays fixed dividends before dividends can be paid on the common stock. True or False
True .
Preferred stock is indeed a hybrid security that combines elements of both common stock and bonds. In summary, preferred stock has a par value and pays fixed dividends before any dividends can be distributed to common stockholders.
This feature gives preferred stockholders a priority claim on the company's earnings. While it resembles a bond in terms of its fixed dividend payments, it also represents ownership in the company, unlike bonds.
Preferred stockholders may have additional rights and privileges, such as the ability to convert their shares into common stock or to participate in the company's growth through appreciation in stock price.
In more detail, preferred stock is a type of equity security that stands between common stock and bonds in terms of risk and return. It carries a predetermined par value, which is the face value of the stock, and pays fixed dividends to shareholders. These dividends are typically stated as a percentage of the par value and must be paid before any dividends can be distributed to common stockholders. This dividend feature is similar to the fixed interest payments of bonds, providing preferred stockholders with a consistent income stream.
Unlike common stockholders, preferred stockholders do not usually have voting rights. However, they may have certain preferences over common stockholders, such as priority in receiving dividends or in the event of liquidation. Preferred stock can be either cumulative or non-cumulative. In the case of cumulative preferred stock, if the company fails to pay dividends in a given period, the unpaid dividends accumulate and must be paid to preferred stockholders before any dividends can be distributed to common stockholders.
While preferred stock has characteristics of both common stock and bonds, it is important to note that it is still classified as an equity security because it represents ownership in the company. This means that preferred stockholders may benefit from the company's growth through appreciation in stock price. Additionally, some preferred stocks may have features that allow conversion into common stock, giving shareholders the opportunity to participate in the company's potential upside.
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If the marginal physical product (MPP) of one additional unit of labor is 2 units per hour, product price is constant at $4 per unit, and the wage rate is $5 per hour, then:
a. Product price must be reduced if profits are to be made
b. The employer should lower wages and accept less employment of labor
c. The additional unit of labor should not be employed because it costs more than it is worth
d. The additional unit of labor should be employed
To determine the profitability of employing an additional unit of labor, we need to compare the marginal product of labor (MPP) with the cost of hiring that labor, which is the wage rate. In this case, the MPP of one additional unit of labor is given as 2 units per hour.
Since the product price is constant at $4 per unit, the revenue generated by the additional unit of labor is equal to the MPP multiplied by the product price. Therefore, the revenue generated by the additional unit of labor is 2 units per hour * $4/unit = $8/hour. Comparing this revenue to the cost of hiring the labor, which is $5 per hour, we see that the revenue ($8) exceeds the cost ($5). Thus, employing the additional unit of labor is profitable because the additional revenue generated is higher than the wage cost. Therefore, the additional unit of labor should be employed, as it contributes to generating a positive net revenue for the firm.
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On January 1, 2022, Pharoah Corporation had the following stockholders' equity accounts. During the year, the following transactions occurred. Feb. 1 Declared a $2 cash dividend per share to stockholders of record on February 15, payable March 1. Mar. 1 Paid the dividend declared in February. Apr-1 Announced a 2-for-1 stocksplit. Prior to the split, the narket price per share was $39. July 1. Declared a 15\% stock dividend to stockholders of record on July 15 , distributable July 31. On July 1 . the market price of the stork was $14 per share. 31 ksued the shares for the stock dividend. July 1 Declared a 15% stock dividend to stockholders of record on July 15 , distributable July 31 . On July 1 , the market price of the stock was $14 per share. 31 Issued the shares for the stock dividend. Dec. 1 Declared a $0.60 per share dividend to stockholders of record on December 15, payable January 5,2023. 31 Determined that net income for the year was $327,000. (a) Journalize the transactions and the closing entries for net income and dividends. (Credit account titles are automatically indented when amount is entered.
To journalize the transactions and closing entries for net income and dividends, we need to record each transaction and prepare the necessary closing entries.
Here's the journal entry for each transaction:
January 1, 2022 (Beginning Stockholders' Equity):
No journal entry required.
February 1:
Cash Dividends Declared:
Date Account Debit Credit
2022-Feb-1 Retained Earnings - 2,000,000
Dividends Payable 2,000,000
(To record the declaration of cash dividends)
March 1:
Cash Dividends Paid:
Date Account Debit Credit
2022-Mar-1 Dividends Payable 2,000,000 -
Cash 2,000,000
(To record the payment of cash dividends)
April 1:
Stock Split:
Date Account Debit Credit
2022-Apr-1 Common Stock ($39) - 6,000,000
Additional Paid-in Capital 6,000,000
(To record the 2-for-1 stock split)
July 1:
Stock Dividend Declared:
Date Account Debit Credit
2022-Jul-1 Retained Earnings - 2,100,000
Common Stock Dividend Distributable 1,400,000
Additional Paid-in Capital - 700,000
(To record the declaration of a 15% stock dividend)
July 31:
Stock Dividend Issued:
Date Account Debit Credit
2022-Jul-31 Common Stock Dividend Distributable 1,400,000
Common Stock ($14) 1,400,000
(To record the issuance of stock dividend)
December 1:
Cash Dividends Declared:
Date Account Debit Credit
2022-Dec-1 Retained Earnings - 393,600
Dividends Payable 393,600
(To record the declaration of cash dividends)
December 31 (Closing Entries):
Net Income:
Date Account Debit Credit
2022-Dec-31 Retained Earnings 327,000 -
Income Summary 327,000
(To close net income to retained earnings)
Dividends:
Date Account Debit Credit
2022-Dec-31 Dividends Payable 393,600 -
Retained Earnings 393,600
(To close dividends to retained earnings)
These journal entries record the transactions and closing entries for net income and dividends. Please note that the amounts mentioned are hypothetical and should be adjusted based on the actual financial data of Pharoah Corporation.
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A company is considering whether to buy a new machine at a cost of $100,000 or alternatively to lease it for $35,000 p.a. (lease payments payable at the start of each year). Buying it will involve borrowing money at an after tax interest cost of 7% p.a. If the machine is bought, it will be bought on the last day of the current financial year. The machine will be needed for 4 years, and (if purchased) will have a scrap value $10,000 after 4 years. Corporation Tax is 30% (payable one year after the end of the financial year). Capital Allowances are 25% (reducing balance). Should the machine be leased or purchased?
Based on the comparison of the present values, the option with the lower present value would be the more favorable choice. If the present value of the net cash flows for leasing is lower than the present value for buying, then leasing would be the recommended option. On the other hand, if the present value for buying is lower than leasing, then purchasing would be the preferred option.
To determine whether the machine should be leased or purchased, we need to compare the costs and benefits of each option. Let's calculate the costs and benefits associated with buying and leasing the machine.
Buying the Machine:
Initial Cost: $100,000
Scrap Value: $10,000 (after 4 years)
Loan Interest: 7% (after-tax)
Leasing the Machine:
Annual Lease Payment: $35,000
Buying the Machine:
a. Calculate the after-tax interest cost for borrowing the money:
After-tax Interest Cost = Loan Interest Rate * (1 - Tax Rate)
= 7% * (1 - 0.30)
= 4.9%
b. Calculate the annual capital allowance for the machine:
Annual Capital Allowance = Initial Cost * Capital Allowance Rate
= $100,000 * 25%
= $25,000
c. Calculate the after-tax salvage value:
After-tax Salvage Value = Scrap Value * (1 - Tax Rate)
= $10,000 * (1 - 0.30)
= $7,000
d. Calculate the net cash flow each year:
Year 0: Initial Cost = -$100,000
Year 1-4: (Lease Payment + After-tax Salvage Value - Annual Capital Allowance)
Leasing the Machine:
Calculate the net cash flow each year:
Year 1-4: Lease Payment
After calculating the net cash flows for each option, we can compare the total present value of the cash flows.
Next, we need to determine the discount rate to calculate the present value. Let's assume a discount rate of 7%, which is the after-tax interest rate for borrowing money.
Using Excel or a financial calculator, we can calculate the present value of the net cash flows for each option and compare them.
Based on the comparison of the present values, the option with the lower present value would be the more favorable choice. If the present value of the net cash flows for leasing is lower than the present value for buying, then leasing would be the recommended option. On the other hand, if the present value for buying is lower than leasing, then purchasing would be the preferred option.
Please note that the specific calculations and final recommendation would depend on the actual values and discount rate used in the analysis.
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A supermarket uses a periodic review system to manage inventory of gallon jugs of drinking water. Average demand is 147 jugs of water per day with standard deviation of 40 jugs per day. It costs $60 to order water from the supplier, and orders are delivered after 2 days. The holding cost for a gallon jug of water is $0.20 per year. The supermarket is open 360 days per year. If the supermarket aims for a 97.1% service level for gallon jugs of drinking water (z=1.9), what value should be used for T, the target inventory position at the time of ordering? (Round the order period to the nearest whole number of days when making the calculation.) The target inventory position is T= gallon jugs.
The value that should be used for T, the target inventory position at the time of ordering, is 370 gallon jugs.
To determine the target inventory position (T) for the supermarket, we can use the formula:
T = average demand per day * lead time + safety stock
First, we need to calculate the lead time. In this case, the lead time is 2 days.
Next, we need to determine the safety stock. The safety stock is based on the desired service level and can be calculated using the formula:
Safety stock = z * standard deviation of demand per day Given that the desired service level is 97.1% and z = 1.9, we can substitute these values into the formula:
Safety stock = 1.9 * 40 = 76
Now we can calculate the target inventory position:
T = 147 * 2 + 76 = 370
Therefore, the value that should be used for T, the target inventory position at the time of ordering, is 370 gallon jugs.
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how do investment in technology and investment in capital differ
Investment in technology refers to allocating funds towards acquiring or developing technological tools, systems, or innovations that enhance business operations, productivity, and efficiency. On the other hand, investment in capital typically refers to investments made in physical assets such as buildings, machinery, equipment, and vehicles.
Investment in technology involves investing in software, hardware, research and development, digital infrastructure, and other technology-related assets. This type of investment focuses on leveraging technology to drive growth, improve processes, and gain a competitive edge. On the other hand, investment in capital involves acquiring or upgrading tangible resources that are essential for production, expansion, or maintenance of a business. Capital investments are often associated with increasing production capacity, improving product quality, or replacing outdated equipment. While both technology and capital investments contribute to business growth and development, they differ in terms of the specific assets being invested in. Technology investments primarily focus on digital and technological resources, whereas capital investments are centered around physical assets. However, it's worth noting that these two types of investments can complement each other, as technology often requires capital investments to implement and support the infrastructure needed for its effective utilization.
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1a) Consider the CAPM. The expected return on the market is 18%. The expected return on a stock with a beta of 1.1 is 20%. What is the risk-free rate?
1b) UPS, a delivery services company, has a beta of 1.5, and Wal-Mart has a beta of 0.5. The risk-free rate of interest is 6% and the market risk premium is 9%. What is the expected return on a portfolio with 30% of its money in UPS and the balance in Wal-Mart?
a) 13.20%
b) 12.94%
c) 12.54%
d) 13.86%
The risk-free rate can be determined using the Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM). In question 1a, the expected return on the market is 18% and the expected return on a stock with a beta of 1.1 is 20%. Therefore, the risk-free rate is approximately 18.2%.
The CAPM equation is expressed as:
Expected Return = Risk-Free Rate + Beta * (Expected Market Return - Risk-Free Rate)
In question 1a, we are given the expected return on the market (18%) and the expected return on a stock with a beta of 1.1 (20%). By substituting these values into the CAPM equation, we can solve for the risk-free rate:
20% = Risk-Free Rate + 1.1 * (18% - Risk-Free Rate)
Simplifying the equation, we find:
20% = Risk-Free Rate + 1.1 * 18% - 1.1 * Risk-Free Rate
20% = 18% + 0.11 * Risk-Free Rate
Solving for the Risk-Free Rate, we get:
0.11 * Risk-Free Rate = 20% - 18%
0.11 * Risk-Free Rate = 2%
Risk-Free Rate = 2% / 0.11 ≈ 18.18% ≈ 18.2%
Therefore, the risk-free rate is approximately 18.2%.
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Marigold Corp. issued $97000 of ten-year, 8% bonds that pay interest semiannually. The bonds are sold to yield 6% One step in calculating the issue price of the bonds is to multiply $7760 by the table value for 10 periods and 8% from the present value of an annuity table. multiply $7760 by the table value for 20 periods and 4% from the present value of an annuity table. multiply $7760 by the table value for 20 periods and 3% from the present value of an annuity table. none of these answers is correct.
None of these option is correct .
To calculate the issue price of the bond , you need to use the present value of an annuity formula, not the present value of a single sum.
Additionally, the interest rate and number of periods should correspond to the terms of the bond.
In this case, the calculation would be to multiply $7,760 by the table value for 20 periods and 3% from the present value of an annuity table. This is because the bond has a ten-year term, which corresponds to 20 periods (since interest is paid semiannually), and the yield to maturity is 6%, not 8%.
Using the present value of an annuity table, you would find the appropriate factor for 20 periods and 3%. Multiplying this factor by $7,760 would give you the issue price of the bonds.
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Analyze three different types of children’s vaccinations in terms of the economic cost to the United States, Hepatitis, Tuberculosis, and polio. Based on your analysis, recommend at least three measures to better disseminate vaccinations to the public and provide a rationale for your recommendations.
To disseminate children's vaccinations effectively and minimize economic costs, increase public awareness, improve accessibility, and implement mandatory vaccination policies.
Why are the economic costs of Hepatitis, Tuberculosis, and polio vaccinations in the United States different?The economic cost of each vaccination type varies based on factors such as research and development, production, distribution, and administration. Hepatitis vaccines are relatively cost-effective, with a high return on investment due to the potential medical expenses saved by preventing chronic liver disease.
Tuberculosis vaccinations involve significant costs for diagnosing, treating, and preventing the disease, but they are still considered cost-effective compared to the long-term healthcare costs associated with tuberculosis infection. Polio vaccinations are crucial in eradicating the disease, and while the economic cost may be high initially, it is outweighed by the long-term savings from avoiding the medical and societal burdens of polio outbreaks.
To enhance vaccination dissemination, three measures can be implemented. Firstly, increasing public awareness through education campaigns is vital to address misconceptions, provide accurate information, and emphasize the importance of vaccinations. Secondly, improving accessibility by setting up mobile vaccination units in underserved areas or organizing vaccination drives in community centers can ensure easier access for vulnerable populations. Lastly, implementing mandatory vaccination policies for school enrollment can help increase vaccination rates and protect children from preventable diseases while fostering a culture of vaccination.
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Instructions: For this assignment you are required to develop a job evaluation for 2 companies below and answer 1 question. Company 1: Recommend a job evaluation system for a small family-owned business with six job titles and thirty incumbents. [10 marks] Company 2: Recommend a system for an oil refinery with 800 employees in managerial, technical, and blue-collar jobs. (10 marks] Question: why do you recommendations differ? [5 marks)
The recommended job evaluation systems differ for the two companies due to variations in company size, job complexity, and organizational structure.
The job evaluation system recommended for the small family-owned business with six job titles and thirty incumbents should be simple and easily manageable. A suitable option could be a point-factor system, such as the Factor Comparison Method or the Ranking Method. These methods allow for a straightforward evaluation of job titles based on predetermined factors such as skills, responsibilities, and qualifications. Given the smaller scale of the business, a less complex system would be more efficient and cost-effective to implement and maintain.
On the other hand, for the oil refinery with 800 employees in managerial, technical, and blue-collar jobs, a more comprehensive and robust job evaluation system would be required. Due to the larger size and diverse job roles, a sophisticated system like the Job Classification Method or the Point Method would be suitable. These methods involve a detailed analysis of various job factors and the assignment of point values to each factor, resulting in a comprehensive evaluation of job worth.
Considering the complex and diverse nature of job roles in the refinery, a more precise and detailed job evaluation system would be necessary to accurately assess the relative value and hierarchy of positions.
The recommended job evaluation systems differ for the two companies based on factors such as company size, job complexity, and organizational structure. The small family-owned business can benefit from a simpler system that is easier to manage, while the larger oil refinery necessitates a more comprehensive approach to account for the diverse range of job roles and responsibilities.
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1. Saving and investment in the national income accounts The following table contains data for a hypothetical closed economy that uses the dollar as its currency. Suppose GDP in this country is $1,330 million. Enter the amount for government purchases. Complete the following table by using national income accounting identities to calculate national saving. In your calculations, use data from the preceding table. National Saving (S)= million Complete the following table by using national income accounting identities to calculate privatiz and public saving. In your calculations, use data from the initial table, Private Saving = million Public Saving = million =
National income accounting identities, which show the relationship between income, consumption, and savings, are used to calculate national saving, private saving, and public saving. Saving and investment in the national income accounts are determined using the following formula:National Saving (S) = Y – C – G, where Y is the national income, C is the consumption, and G is the government spending or purchases.
If the gross domestic product is $1,330 million, and the consumption is $1,000 million, then the government purchases or spending can be calculated by using the equation above: $1,330 million – $1,000 million – G = S, where G is the government purchases, and S is the national savings. So, $330 million – G = S. Therefore, $330 million – G = S. The national saving for the given data would be $100 million ($330 million - $1000 million - G = $100 million).
Privatiz and public saving can be calculated using the following formulae:Private Saving = Y – T – C, where Y is the national income, T is the taxes, and C is the consumption.Public Saving = T – G, where T is the taxes and G is the government purchases. In this case, the private saving can be calculated by using the values of national income ($1,330 million), taxes ($200 million), and consumption ($1,000 million): $1,330 million – $200 million – $1,000 million = $130 million.
The public saving can be calculated by using the values of taxes ($200 million) and government purchases (which can be calculated from the previous equation, G = $100 million): $200 million – $100 million = $100 million.Therefore, the private saving and public saving are $130 million and $100 million, respectively.
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A coordination problem usually occurs when:
there is a subgame perfect equilibrium. both players have secure
strategies. neither player has a secure strategy. more than one
Nash equilibrium exists.
A coordination problem usually occurs when more than one Nash equilibrium exists.
A coordination problem arises when there are multiple possible outcomes or strategies for the players involved. In this situation, the challenge lies in coordinating their actions to reach a mutually beneficial outcome.
The presence of a subgame perfect equilibrium or secure strategies does not necessarily indicate a coordination problem. A subgame perfect equilibrium is a solution concept in game theory that involves making optimal choices at every stage of the game. Secure strategies refer to strategies that are resistant to deviation or exploitation by other players.
However, when more than one Nash equilibrium exists, it creates a coordination problem. Nash equilibrium refers to a situation where no player has an incentive to unilaterally change their strategy given the strategies of other players. In the case of multiple Nash equilibria, players need to coordinate and agree on a specific equilibrium to achieve the best collective outcome.
In a coordination problem, the challenge is often related to communication and cooperation among players to overcome the uncertainty and ambiguity associated with multiple equilibria. Examples of coordination problems can be seen in various contexts, such as choosing compatible technologies, deciding on market entry strategies, or coordinating production schedules.
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Singapore is the second busiest container port in the world handling 37.5 million TEUs in 2021 with containerised cargo accounting for 60.7% of total cargo processed (source: Maritime and Port Authority of Singapore, 2022). The importance of the container port industry is underscored by continuous expansion of port capacity to accommodate traffic growth. Towards the end of 2021 , Singapore saw the first phase of Tuas Mega Port begin operations. The world's biggest container terminal will be developed in four phases with projected handling capacity of 65 million TEUs by 2040 . In not more than 400 words, illustrate the development of container port supply in Singapore for the period 1972 until 2021 .
The container port supply in Singapore has experienced significant growth and development from 1972 to 2021, with strategic investments in infrastructure, technology, and capacity expansion. The recent commencement of operations at the Tuas Mega Port further strengthens Singapore's position as a global maritime hub.
Singapore's container port industry has undergone continuous expansion and improvements over the years. The country recognized the potential of containerization early on and made significant investments in infrastructure, such as terminals, cranes, and container yards. This proactive approach helped establish Singapore as a key player in the global container shipping industry.
Throughout the decades, Singapore focused on enhancing efficiency and productivity through the implementation of advanced technologies and automation. Computerized systems were introduced for container tracking and management, improving overall supply chain visibility and streamlining cargo handling processes.
Singapore's strategic location along major shipping routes and its connectivity with international markets played a crucial role in attracting major shipping lines and logistics providers. The port's reputation for efficiency and state-of-the-art facilities further solidified its position as a global transshipment hub.
In recent years, Singapore continued to invest in expanding its container port capacity to accommodate larger vessels and higher container volumes. The development of the Tuas Mega Port, with its phased approach and projected handling capacity of 65 million TEUs by 2040, demonstrates Singapore's commitment to further enhancing its capabilities.
Overall, Singapore's container port supply development can be characterized by its proactive and strategic approach, focusing on infrastructure investments, technology adoption, and capacity expansion. These efforts have positioned Singapore as the second busiest container port in the world, with plans for continued growth and maintaining its status as a global maritime hub.
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on business social media, business professionals are likely to be regarded as self-promoters if they ______ the skills and interests they possess.
On business social media, business professionals are likely to be regarded as self-promoters if they excessively or overtly promote the skills and interests they possess.
This can include continuously highlighting their achievements, capabilities, or expertise in a way that appears self-centered or attention-seeking.
It's important to strike a balance between showcasing one's skills and sharing valuable content with others on the platform. Building meaningful connections, engaging in conversations, and providing useful insights or resources can help establish a positive professional image without coming across as a self-promoter.
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SmartTech Bank's balance sheet shows the following composition of its assets: Cash Reserves: 15%, Loans: 85%. If the bank liquidates its loans today, it receives $80 per $100 of face value, and liquidation at the end of three months will produce $93 per $100 of face value. What is the 3-month liquidity index for the bank's asset portfolio? (Please put your answer in decimals (not in percentage points) and round your answer to two decimal places.) Answer:
Given, SmartTech Bank's balance sheet shows the following composition of its assets:Cash Reserves: 15%, Loans: 85%.
If the bank liquidates its loans today, it receives $80 per $100 of face value, and liquidation at the end of three months will produce $93 per $100 of face value.To find the 3-month liquidity index for the bank's asset portfolio.The liquidity index is calculated as follows:Liquidity index=(Amount of cash reserves+ Amount of immediate cash inflows)/(Amount of expected cash outflows+ Immediate cash outflows)
On the basis of the above formula, we can write:Amount of immediate cash inflows on liquidation today=$80 × (85/100) = $68Amount of immediate cash inflows on liquidation at the end of three months=$93 × (85/100) = $79.05
Therefore, the liquidity index is:Liquidity index = (0.15 + 68 + 79.05) / (0 + (85 × 0.85)) = 0.9541Hence, the 3-month liquidity index for the bank's asset portfolio is 0.9541.
Therefore, the answer is rounded to two decimal places is 0.95.
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Scenario
OnePlus started with the slogan "Never Settle" providing high-end products at lower-end prices. Over the years, it grew significantly in a highly competitive market. Recently, the company merged with Oppo, resulting in some competitive advantages such as access to all the Oppo stores and resources. However, it also caused some negative perceptions as well, especially around the job cuts. OnePlus is still a relatively newer company that launched less than a decade ago, competing with companies like Samsung and Apple, which are now some of the largest companies not just in their own sector but in any sector.
Several things are happening at the company, including the merger and the departure of the co-founder Carl Pei who made the brand so successful through clever marketing. This brings OnePlus to a strategic crossroads.
Set out a strategy for OnePlus, considering the scenario presented above, in terms of their strategic intent, the strategic options available and how they might be executed.
OnePlus should focus on leveraging its competitive advantages from the merger with Oppo while addressing the negative perceptions through strategic actions such as enhancing transparency, maintaining brand identity, and fostering innovation.
Given the scenario presented, OnePlus finds itself at a strategic crossroads due to the merger with Oppo and the departure of co-founder Carl Pei. To navigate this situation, OnePlus should establish a clear strategic intent that aligns with its core values and brand identity. This intent could include maintaining the commitment to providing high-end products at lower-end prices and delivering exceptional customer experiences.
In terms of strategic options, OnePlus can leverage the benefits of the merger with Oppo by capitalizing on the expanded access to Oppo stores and resources. This could involve strengthening distribution channels, enhancing after-sales services, and expanding market presence. OnePlus should also address the negative perceptions arising from the job cuts by enhancing transparency in communication and being proactive in engaging with employees, customers, and the wider community.
To execute the strategy effectively, OnePlus should emphasize maintaining its unique brand identity and differentiation in the market. It can achieve this by continuing to focus on product innovation, user-centered design, and marketing strategies that resonate with its target audience. Additionally, investing in research and development to stay ahead in technology and collaborating with strategic partners can further drive OnePlus' growth and competitive position.
Overall, OnePlus needs to strike a balance between leveraging the opportunities from the merger and upholding its core values while addressing the challenges brought about by the changes. By doing so, the company can position itself for long-term success in a highly competitive market.
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Happy Times, Incorporated, wants to expand its party stores into the Southeast. In order to establish an immediate presence in the area, the company is considering the purchase of the privately held Joe’s Party Supply. Happy Times currently has debt outstanding with a market value of $120 million and a YTM of 6.8 percent. The company’s market capitalization is $260 million and the required return on equity is 15 percent. Joe’s currently has debt outstanding with a market value of $25.5 million. The EBIT for Joe’s next year is projected to be $17 million. EBIT is expected to grow at 10 percent per year for the next five years before slowing to 3 percent in perpetuity. Net working capital, capital spending, and depreciation as a percentage of EBIT are expected to be 9 percent, 15 percent, and 8 percent, respectively. Joe’s has 2.15 million shares outstanding and the tax rate for both companies is 25 percent.
a. What is the maximum share price that Happy Times should be willing to pay for Joe’s? (Do not round intermediate calculations and round your answer to 2 decimal places, e.g., 32.16.)
b. After examining your analysis, the CFO of Happy Times is uncomfortable using the perpetual growth rate in cash flows. Instead, she feels that the terminal value should be estimated using the EV/EBITDA multiple. The appropriate EV/EBITDA multiple is 8. What is your new estimate of the maximum share price for the purchase?
a. To determine the maximum share price that Happy Times should be willing to pay for Joe's Party Supply, we need to calculate the present value of Joe's cash flows and terminal value.
First, we calculate the unleveraged value of Joe's by discounting its projected EBIT for the next five years and the terminal value at the required return on equity of 15 percent. Then, we subtract Joe's debt to arrive at the equity value. Finally, we divide the equity value by the number of shares outstanding to find the maximum share price Happy Times should pay.
b. However, the CFO of Happy Times prefers to estimate the terminal value using the EV/EBITDA multiple instead of the perpetual growth rate.
Given an appropriate EV/EBITDA multiple of 8, we can calculate the terminal value by multiplying Joe's projected EBITDA in the terminal year by the multiple. Subtracting the terminal debt value from the terminal enterprise value gives us the terminal equity value. Dividing this value by the number of shares outstanding provides the new estimate of the maximum share price for the purchase.
a. To determine the maximum share price, we perform a discounted cash flow analysis for Joe's Party Supply. We project Joe's EBIT for the next five years, assume a perpetual growth rate of 3 percent, and calculate the unleveraged value of the cash flows. We then discount these cash flows at the required return on equity of 15 percent to obtain the unleveraged equity value. Subtracting the debt value gives us the equity value. Dividing the equity value by the number of shares outstanding gives us the maximum share price Happy Times should be willing to pay for Joe's.
b. In the alternative scenario where the CFO prefers to estimate the terminal value using the EV/EBITDA multiple, we calculate the terminal enterprise value by multiplying Joe's projected EBITDA in the terminal year by the appropriate multiple of 8. Subtracting the terminal debt value gives us the terminal equity value. Dividing this value by the number of shares outstanding provides the revised estimate of the maximum share price for the purchase.
By using the EV/EBITDA multiple, the CFO takes into account the market valuation of similar companies based on their enterprise value relative to EBITDA. This approach provides an alternative perspective on the maximum share price, which may be more suitable for the CFO's analysis and decision-making process.
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with about 400,000 interviews being conducted annually, which of the following is one of the largest continuous telephone surveys in the world?
The General Social Survey (GSS) conducted by the National Opinion Research Center (NORC) at the University of Chicago is one of the largest continuous telephone surveys in the world.
The GSS has been conducted since 1972 and collects data on a wide range of social, political, and economic issues. With approximately 400,000 interviews conducted annually, it provides valuable insights into the attitudes, behaviors, and trends in American society. The survey's large sample size and comprehensive nature contribute to its status as one of the world's largest continuous telephone surveys.
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data-mining tools use a variety of techniques to find patterns and relationships in large volumes of information that predict future behavior and guide decision making.
Data-mining tools utilize various techniques to analyze large amounts of data and identify patterns and relationships. These insights are used to make predictions about future behavior and inform decision-making processes.
Data-mining tools employ algorithms and statistical methods to sift through vast datasets, extracting valuable patterns, correlations, and trends. By uncovering these hidden insights, organizations can gain a deeper understanding of customer behavior, market trends, and operational processes. These predictive capabilities enable informed decision making, as businesses can anticipate future outcomes and develop strategies to optimize performance, mitigate risks, and improve overall efficiency.
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For this assignment, you are to complete the following advertising scenario. Box-office sensations like Avatar, Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows, and Spider-Man 3 don't happen by accident. To achieve big screen success, movie advertisers develop integrated brand promotion (IBP) campaigns that communicate unified messages to target audiences using diverse media. Select a film now showing in theaters and identify the various ways the movie is being promoted. What types of advertising and promotion are employed in the campaign? Do the different advertisements have a consistent look, feel, and message? Do the different media vehicles target different demographic groups? Suggest one additional media option that marketers might use to reach the film's target audience.
Format: - 3 pages (maximum) of text, with references (endnotes) on page 4. - 12-point normal font (e.g. Times Roman, not italic or script) - double-spaced - 1 inch margins all around with page numbers - no cover sheet
The promotion of [Film Title] utilizes a comprehensive range of advertising and merchandising strategies, consisting of television advertisements, online marketing, outside marketing, and print media. These techniques correctly talk about a regular appearance, feel, and message, at the same time as concentrating on exclusive demographic groups. The cautioned extra media option of influencer marketing can in addition increase the campaigns attain and effect.
Title: Advertising and Promotion Strategies for [Film Title]
Introduction:
Box-workplace success is predicated heavily on effective advertising and marketing and included emblem promotion (IBP) campaigns. This article explores the promotional strategies employed for the movie [Film Title] currently showing in theaters. It examines the various advertising and advertising techniques utilized, consistency in look, experience, and message across unique classified ads, concentrated on of different demographic companies, and suggests a further media choice to attain the movie's target audience.
Advertising and Promotion Methods:
Television Commercials: [Film Title] is promoted via fascinating tv advertisements that showcase key scenes, spotlight the movie's genre and attraction, and create anticipation amongst viewers.Online Marketing: A comprehensive digital marketing marketing campaign is deployed to attain a much wider target audience. This includes targeted online advertisements on popular websites, social media systems, and video streaming services, as well as engaging content advertising and marketing thru blogs and articles related to the movie.Outdoor Advertising: Billboards, posters, and signage strategically positioned in high-visitors areas contribute to the movie's promotion. Eye-catching visuals and taglines seize interest and generate consciousness.Print Media: Promotional efforts make bigger to newspapers, magazines, and amusement publications. Full-page commercials, exclusive interviews, and characteristic articles assist construct buzz and generate hobby.Consistency in Look, Feel, and Message:
The various classified ads for [Film Title] keep a consistent appearance, feel, and message. The movie's branding factors, together with the emblem, typography, and coloration scheme, are continually incorporated throughout extraordinary media channels. This visible consistency helps set up a robust emblem identification and reinforces the reputation of some of the target markets.
Targeting Different Demographic Groups:
To maximize reach and enchantment to various audiences, [Film Title] employs exclusive media cars that target precise demographic organizations. Television classified ads and outside marketing are powerful in accomplishing a large target audience, including both young and older demographics. Online advertising, especially social media systems, permits unique targeting based totally on personal demographics, interests, and conduct.
Additional Media Option:
To further beautify the attain and engagement with the film's audience, entrepreneurs should do not forget to leverage influencer marketing. Collaborating with famous social media influencers, or bloggers who align with the film's genre and target demographic can efficiently generate buzz, create word-of-mouth promotion, and engage audiences in an authentic and relatable manner.
Conclusion:
The promotion of [Film Title] utilizes a comprehensive range of advertising and merchandising strategies, consisting of television advertisements, online marketing, outside marketing, and print media. These techniques correctly talk about a regular appearance, feel, and message, at the same time as concentrating on exclusive demographic groups. The cautioned extra media option of influencer marketing can in addition increase the campaigns attain and effect.
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At the functional level, the marketing department solicits talent from all levels of the organization for strategic corporate planning sessions. develops the corporate culture. defines the overall strategic direction of the organization O promotes its goals to the organization's stakeholders. O looks outward, in part by listening to customers.
The correct statement is: The marketing department looks outward, in part by listening to customers.
At the functional level, the marketing department primarily focuses on promoting the organization's goals to its stakeholders and looking outward, including listening to customers.
The marketing department indirectly contributes to shaping the corporate culture through its promotional activities and communication strategies. By effectively conveying the organization's values, mission, and brand image to both internal and external stakeholders, the marketing department helps establish a cohesive and consistent corporate culture.
While other functions within the organization may be responsible for activities such as strategic corporate planning, developing the corporate culture, and defining the overall strategic direction, the marketing department's primary role lies in understanding customer needs, promoting the organization's goals, and maintaining effective communication with external stakeholders.
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Cunning, a 66-year-old senior and Bunning half her age, are in partnership operating under the name BunnCunn Choices. You have been tasked with the job of preparing and filing their tax returns with the relevant tax authority for 2021. You have been presented with the following Trial Balance along with the attached notes.
1. Building was purchased in 2020 and annual depreciation is charged at 5% per annum.
2. Bunning is a salaried partner who does not share in profits. Included in salaries is $3m paid to him for the year.
3. The amount for Bad debts is estimated based on debtors balance
4. Breakdown for Donations reflect $80,000 to UTECH and $10,000 to an unregistered football club unknown to TAJ, the balance was to TAJ’s approved clubs.
5. Travelling expenses relate to costs incurred in travelling by Partner Bunning to negotiate a critical business deal. However, he used the opportunity to take his wife on the trip as a treat for her birthday. Costs relating to having his wife on the trip is $40,000.
6. Estimated tax payment for 2021 of $100,000 was paid by Cunning from personal funds
7. 50% of amounts paid for legal fees relate to cost of protecting the business reputation, the other 5% was for cost in acquiring fixed assets.
Note: Assume NIS rate of 3% and ceiling of J$3m throughout the year 2021.
BunnCunn Choices
Trial Balance
Year ended December 31, 2021
DescriptionDebitCredit
Land2,500,000
Industrial Building8,000,000
Accumulated Depreciation - Building800,000
Motor Vehicle (purchased in 2021)2,000,000
Accumulated Depreciation - Motor Vehicle400,000
Capital: Cunning3,000,000
Capital: Bunning2,000,000
Drawings for Bunning34,000
Debtors330,000
Creditors1,355,000
Loan2,100,000
Sales20,000,000
Purchases8,000,000
Salaries6,400,000
Legal Fees450,000
Depreciation800,000
Donations120,000
Bad Debts33,000
Travelling300,000
Loan Interest 133,000
Utilities375,000
Rent180,000
TOTAL29,655,000 29,655,000
Required
Prepare the Accounting Profit Statement along with the Profit Adjustment Statement for the
Partnership for 2021 and write brief notes to the partners explaining the reason(s) for differences
in each of the items included in both statements for taxation purposes.
To prepare the Accounting Profit Statement and Profit Adjustment Statement for BunnCunn Choices for the year 2021, we need to analyze the trial balance and make necessary adjustments for tax purposes.
The adjustments include depreciation, salaries, bad debts, donations, traveling expenses, estimated tax payment, and legal fees. These adjustments will result in the final profit figures for taxation purpose.
Depreciation: Calculate the depreciation expense for the building and motor vehicle based on the respective rates and deduct them from the trial balance amounts.
Salaries: Exclude the $3 million paid to Bunning from the salaries expense since he does not share in profits.
Bad debts: Estimate the bad debts based on the debtors' balance and deduct it from the trial balance.
Donations: Adjust the donations to exclude the $10,000 given to the unregistered football club, as it is not tax-deductible.
Traveling expenses: Adjust the traveling expenses to exclude the $40,000 cost related to Bunning's wife, as it is not a legitimate business expense. Estimated tax payment: Deduct the estimated tax payment of $100,000 made by Cunning from personal funds.
Legal fees: Allocate 50% of the legal fees to the cost of protecting the business reputation and include the remaining 5% as a cost of acquiring fixed assets.
After making these adjustments, calculate the net profit and prepare the Accounting Profit Statement. The Profit Adjustment Statement will explain the differences between the Accounting Profit Statement and taxable profit, providing the reasoning for each adjustment made.
Note: Ensure to consider any applicable tax regulations and guidelines specific to the jurisdiction in which BunnCunn Choices operates to accurately determine the taxable profit.
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