In a particular electrolysis process, eocathode = -1. 151 v and eoanode = 1. 548 v. what minimum voltage must be applied to drive the nonspontaneous process?

Answers

Answer 1

In a particular electrolysis process, Eο cathode = -1.151 v and Eο anode = 1.548 V. The minimum voltage must be applied to drive the non-spontaneous process is 2.699V.

Electrode Potential Or Voltage is the emf of a galvanic cell where emf is called as the Electromotive force.

Electrode Potential of a spontaneous cell is positive. Hence to make a non-spontaneous cell into a spontaneous cell, the voltage or potential applied should be positive to make the cell working.

We know that,

Electrode Potential = Electrode Potential of cathode - Electrode Potential of anode

where, Electrode Potential of cathode = -1.151V

            Electrode Potential of anode = 1.548V

On substituting,

⇒ Electrode Potential = -1.151V - 1.548V

⇒ Electrode Potential = - 2.699V

Hence, the minimum voltage to drive a non-spontaneous cell into a spontaneous cell should be at least 2.699V.

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Related Questions

A clock on a moving spacecraft runs 1s slower per day relative to an identical clock on earth. What is the relative speed of the spacecraft?

Answers

The craft is moving at a speed of v = 0.024c or around 7 million metres per second or 16 million miles per hour.

The time dilation factor is equal to 3600/3599 if we only want 3599 seconds of the craft's time to pass for every hour (3600 seconds) of Earth time. However, there is a connection as well.

γ = [tex]\frac{3600}{3599}[/tex] = Dilation factor

Also, γ = 1/ √[tex]1-v^{2}[/tex]/[tex]c^{2}[/tex]

which we can solve algebrically to yield,

[tex]\frac{v}{c}[/tex] = √1-1/γ[tex]^{2}[/tex]

we get,

[tex]\frac{v}{c}[/tex] = 0.024

v= 0.024c

Accordingly, the craft is moving at a speed of v = 0.024c, or around 7 million metres per second or 16 million miles per hour.

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(Repost) I need help with this physics question. Thanks in advance! Answer ASAP.

Answers

The time taken for the tiny saliva to travel is 0.55 second.

The  horizontal distance traveled at speed of 4 m/s is 2.2 m.

The horizontal distance traveled at speed of 20 m/s is 11 m.

Time of motion of the tiny saliva

The time taken for the tiny saliva to travel is calculated as follows;

h = vt + ¹/₂gt²

where;

v is initial vertical velocity  = 0g is the acceleration due to gravity

h = 0 + ¹/₂gt²

h = ¹/₂gt²

2h = gt²

t² = 2h/g

t = √(2h/g)

Substitute the given parameters and solve for time of motion;

t = √(2 x 1.5 / 10)

t = 0.55 second

Horizontal distance traveled at speed of 4 m/s

X = Vx(t)

X = (4 m/s)(0.55)

X = 2.2 m

Horizontal distance traveled at speed of 20 m/s

X = (20)(0.55)

X = 11 m

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A wave of wavelength 1.2m travels 11.2m to a wall in 2s. what's the frequency of the wave

Answers

Answer: f = 4.67 Hz

Explanation:

We can approximate the wave as a traveling wave, therefore the speed of the wave is constant         

v = d / t

the total distance remember, in going to the wall and back is         

d = 2 11.2 = 22.4 me

we substitute         

v = 22.4 / 4.0          

v = 5.6 m / s

now we can use the relationship between the speed of the wave, its wavelength and u frequency          

v =λ f         

f = v /λ       

f = 5.6 / 1.2        

f = 4.67 Hz

Give one example of a thermodynamic cycle that does not account for the carnot efficiency.

Answers

Thermo-Electrochemical converter (UTEC) is a thermodynamic cycle that does not account for the Carnot Efficiency.

The Carnot cycle is a hypothetical cycle that takes no account of entropy generation. It is assumed that the heat source and heat sink have perfect heat transfer. The working fluid also remains in the same phase, as opposed to the Rankine cycle, in which the fluid changes phase. A practical thermodynamic cycle, such as the Rankine cycle, would achieve at most 50% of the Carnot cycle efficiency under similar heat source and heat sink temperatures.

What is Thermo-Electrochemical converter?

In a two-cell structure, a thermo-electrochemical converter converts potential energy difference during hydrogen oxidation and reduction to heat energy.

It employs the Ericsson cycle, which is less efficient than the Carnot cycle. In a closed system, it converts heat to electrical energy. There are no external input or output devices.

This means there will be no mechanical work to be done, as well as no exhaust. As a result, Carnot efficiency is not taken into account in this cycle. Carnot efficiency is accounted for by other options such as turbine and engine.

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A boy on board a cruise ship drops a 30. 0 gm marble into the ocean. If the resistive force proportionality constant is 0. 500 kg/s, what is the terminal speed of the marble in m/s?.

Answers

The terminal speed of the marble is 0.588 m/s.

Given:

We know that,

F = mg                          ......(1)

where,

F = force

m = mass

g = acceleration due to gravity

Also,

v = F/k                            ......(2)

where,

v = terminal speed

k = proportionality constant

Substituting the value of F from equation (1) in equation (2)

v = mg/k                             .......(3)

Given,

m = 30 g = 0.030 kg

k = 0.500 kg/s

g = 9.8 m/s²

To find,

v =?

Put the values in equation (3)

v = mg/k        

v = 0.03(9.8)/ 0.500

= 0.294/0.500

= 0.588 m/s

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450n 360n 710n 1400n 230n a block is placed in oscillation on a frictionless horizontal surface attached to a spring that is also attached to a wall. If, when stretched away from equilibrium by 15cm and released, it oscillates with a period of 0. 25s, and if the mass of the block is 15kg, what force was required to stretch the spring by the initial 15cm?.

Answers

Answer:

m = 15, P = .25, x = .15

F = -K x for spring

ω = (K/m)^1/2

ω^2 = K / m

K = m ω^2 = m (2 π f)^2 = m 4 π^2 / P^2

K = 4  π^2 m / P^2

F = K x = x * 4  π^2 m / P^2

F = .15 * 4 * π^2 * 15 / .25^2

F = 1420 N

A 0. 22 kg clay target is fired at an angle of 35° to the horizontal. it reaches a maximum height of 4. 6 m. what is its initial speed when it is launched?

Answers

A 0. 22 kg clay target is fired at an angle of 35° to the horizontal. It reaches a maximum height of 4. 6 m. Its initial speed when it is launched will be u = 16.66 m/s

Projectile motion is the motion of an object thrown (projected) into the air. After the initial force that launches the object, it only experiences the force of gravity. The object is called a projectile, and its path is called its trajectory.

The object's maximum height is the highest vertical position along its trajectory. The horizontal displacement of the projectile is called the range of the projectile. The range of the projectile depends on the object's initial velocity.

h (max) = [tex]u^{2}[/tex] [tex]sin^{2}[/tex](theta) / 2g

given

theta = 35°

Maximum height = 4. 6 m.

u = ?

4.6 = [tex]u^{2}[/tex] * [tex]sin^{2}[/tex](35) / 2*  9.8

  u = 16.66 m/s

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What quantities determine the resistance of a piece of material? choose all that apply

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The resistance depends upon the length, area and material of the material.Option (a), (b) and (c) is correct.

Quantities that determine the resistance:

The resistance of a wire is directly proportional to its length and inversely proportional to its cross-sectional area. Resistance also depends on the material of the conductor.

A conductor's or circuit element's resistance typically rises as temperature rises. Some conductors exhibit negligible resistance at very low cooling rates. Even after the electromotive force is removed from these substances, known as superconductors, currents still flow through them.The conductance, 1/R, is the reciprocal of resistance and is measured in reciprocal ohm units, or mho.

The complete question is:

What quantities determine the resistance of a piece of material? Choose all that apply.

a)The length of the piece of material

b)The cross-sectional area of the piece of material

c)The type of material

d)The voltage across the material

e)The current flowing through the piece of material

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Find the distance traveled by a particle with position (x, y) as t varies in the given time interval. x = 2 sin2(t), y = 2 cos2(t), 0 ≤ t ≤ 4

Answers

The distance traveled by the particle at the given time interval is 0.28 m.

Position of the particle at time, t = 0

The position of the particle at the given time is calculated as follows;

x = 2 sin2(t)

y = 2 cos2(t)

x(0) = 2 sin2(0) = 0

y(0) = 2 cos2(0) = 2(1) = 2

Position of the particle at time, t = 4

x = 2 sin2(t)

y = 2 cos2(t)

x(4) = 2 sin2(4) = 0.28

y(4) = 2 cos2(4) = 2(1) = 1.98

Distance traveled by the particle at the given time interval

d = √[(x₄ - x₀)² + (y₄ - y₀)²]

d =  √[(0.28 - 0)² + (1.98 - 2)²]

d = 0.28 m

Thus, the distance traveled by the particle at the given time interval is 0.28 m.

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A disk rotates with constant angular acceleration of 5. 45~\text{rad/s}^25. 45 rad/s 2. starting from rest, it turns through 220 rad. how much time elapses while it turns through the 220 radians?

Answers

The time elapsed is 8.98 sec when it turns through the 220 radians.

given:

initial angular velocity (ω°)  = 0 rad/secangular acceleration (α) =5.45 [tex]rad/sec^{2}[/tex]total angular displacement (Ф) = 220 rad

using second equation of motion for rotation

   we get ,

[tex]220=0.t + \frac{1}{2}.5.45.t^{2}[/tex]

t^2 =80.98

t=8.98sec

therefore time elapsed is 8.98sec .

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If the current in an inductor is doubled, by what factor is the stored energy multiplied?
a. 4
b. 1/4
c. 2
d. 1/2
e. 1

Answers

Answer:a. 4Explanation:

_______________

[tex]I_2=2I_1[/tex]

[tex]L=\text{const}[/tex]

_______________

[tex]\displaystyle \frac{W_2}{W_1}\; - \;?[/tex]

_______________

[tex]\displaystyle \boldsymbol{\frac{W_2}{W_1}}=\frac{\dfrac{LI_2^2}{2} }{\dfrac{LI_1^2}{2} } =\frac{I_2^2}{I_1^2} =\bigg(\frac{I_2}{I_1} \bigg)^2=\bigg(\frac{2I_1}{I_1} \bigg)^2=2^2=\boldsymbol{4}[/tex]

Please help! I need this due for homework.

Answers

Explanation:

I don't know the exact word which u have to put in the blank spaces.

But Newton's Third Law States:

If a force is exerted there will always be an equal and opposite reactive force.

The aeroplane then continues at a CONSTANT VELOCITY for a further 800 m before leaving the runway. The length of the runway is 2 000 m. 8 m-s-1 1 .2 1.3 → Define the term vector. Convert 67 m-s¹ to km.h¹. 67 m-s¹ Calculate the: .3.1 3.2 1.3.3 3.4 30 s 800 m Acceleration of the aeroplane during the first 30 seconds Distance travelled by the aeroplane during the first 30 seconds Time taken by the aeroplane to travel the 800 m Length of the runway NOT USED when the aeroplane leaves the runway (2) (1 (4 (4 (3​

Answers

Acceleration during first 30 seconds = 1.77m[tex]s^{-2}[/tex]Distance travelled during the first 30 seconds = 796.5mTime taken to travel the 800 m = 100 secondsLength of the runway not used = 1200m

Vector is a quantity with both direction and magnitude, especially when used to map out where one point in space is in relation to another. Acceleration = s = ut + [tex]\frac{1}{2}[/tex]a[tex]t^{2}[/tex]

        800 = 0 + [tex]\frac{1}{2}[/tex]a(30)[tex]^{2}[/tex]

        800 = 450a

        a = 1.77m[tex]s^{-2}[/tex]

Distance =  s = ut + [tex]\frac{1}{2}[/tex]a[tex]t^{2}[/tex]

        s = 0+  [tex]\frac{1}{2}[/tex]1.77[tex]t^{2}[/tex]

        s =  [tex]\frac{1}{2}[/tex]1.77(30)[tex]^{2}[/tex]

        s = 796.5m

Time taken = distance / velocity

        t = 800/8

        t = 100 sec

Length of the runway not used  = total length of runway-total length covered before leaving runway

       2000 -800

      length = 1200m

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The radiation emitted by a heat source reaches its peak wavelength at 6. 69 µm. determine the temperature (in celsius) of the source

Answers

the temperature of the source is 159.884°C

How to determine the temperature of the source ?

given data:-

λmax=6.69

by using weins law:- Wien’s law, also called Wien’s displacement law, relationship between the temperature of a blackbody (an ideal substance that emits and absorbs all frequencies of light) and the wavelength at which it emits the most light .The wavelength at which maximum radiation is emitted is expressed by the Greek letter “ λ ”.T is the object's temperature in Kelvin, and the constant is 2,897 μm.The higher the object's temperature, the faster the molecules will vibrate and the shorter the wavelength will be.

                            λmax = constant  / temperature(in kelvin)  temperature(in kelvin) = constant/λmax                                  temperature(in kelvin) =2897/6.69

temperature(in kelvin)=433.03

temperature(in celsius) = temperature(in kelvin)-273.15  

       temperature(in celsius)= 159.88    

Thus from the above conclusion we can say that at peak wavelength at 6. 69 µm the temperature is 159.884°C.

 

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A 0. 20-kg ball is attached to a vertical spring. the spring constant is 28 n/m. when released from rest, how far does the ball fall before being brought to a momentary stop by the spring?

Answers

A 0. 20-kg ball is attached to a vertical spring. The spring constant is 28 n/m. when released from rest, the ball will fall at a distance of x = 0.14 m   before being brought to a momentary stop by the spring.

The spring constant is the force needed to stretch or compress a spring, divided by the distance that the spring gets longer or shorter. It's used to determine stability or instability in a spring

Elastic potential energy is Potential energy stored as a result of deformation of an elastic object, such as the stretching of a spring. It is equal to the work done to stretch the spring, which depends upon the spring constant k as well as the distance stretched.

When ball is released from rest with spring , it will loose some potential energy . Hence , loss in potential energy of the ball = gain in potential energy of spring

m*g*x = 1/2 * k * [tex]x^{2}[/tex]

0.20 * 9.8 * x = 1/2 * 28 * [tex]x^{2}[/tex]

x = (2 * 0.20 * 9.8) / 28

x = 0.14 m

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If the resistance in a circuit connected to a constant current is halved, how is the voltage in the circuit affected?.

Answers

Answer:

The voltage remains constant.

Answer:

The voltage in the circuit remains same. However the current drawn by the circuit will increase.

Explanation:

According to Ohm's Law:

V=IR

If we halved the resistance let:

R'=R/2

then

I'=2I in order to kept the Voltage same. Also the resistance is the opposition to the current. So, if resistance will halved then obviously current will double

So when we put these value in to Ohm's Law the results is:

V'=I'R'

V'=2I(R/2)

V'=IR which is equal to first voltage. Hence,

V'=V

Officials want to reduce the possibility of oil leaks into bodies of freshwater drinking sources. therefore, the government insists that oil refineries undergo monthly inspections. for what reason would the government regulate monthly inspections at oil refineries? save the refinery money increase domestic oil production protect the public from pollution encourage foreign oil imports to drive down prices

Answers

Answer:

protect public from pollution

Explanation: got it right

The cost of operating an electrical appliance is based upon its
Aage.
Bease of use.
Cwattage and time used.
D original purchase price.

Answers

Answer:

wattage and time used

Explanation:

Look

If a electrical appliance has more power or wattage it will use more energy and cost more

If a electrical appliance is used for more time the cost is more

Hence Option C is correct

Please Help!!!

Which statement best describes the types of bonds shown in the diagram?


an ionic bond; a hydrogen ion is bonding with a chlorine atom

a covalent bond; the hydrogen atom’s single electron is being shared with the chlorine atom

a covalent bond; the hydrogen atom’s two electrons are being shared with the chlorine atom

an ionic bond; the hydrogen chloride molecule has an electrical charge

Answers

Answer: B

Explanation:

The statement that best describes the types of bonds shown in the diagram is a covalent bond; the hydrogen atom’s single electron is being shared with the chlorine atom, therefore the correct answer is the option B

What is a covalent bond?

When two similar or dissimilar atoms form bonds with each other by sharing their valence electron the bond is known as the covalent bond.

The ionic bond is the result of the transfer of the electrons

Ionic bonds are formed between the pair of one electronegative atom and an electropositive atom.

As shown in the diagram there is sharing of the electrons between the hydrogen and the chlorine atom, and we know that covalent bonds are formed by the sharing of the electrons

Since the diagram's covalent bonds are best described by the statement that the hydrogen atom's single electron is shared with the chlorine atom, option B is the right response.

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A conducting sphere of radius 5. 0 cm carries a net charge of 7. 5 µc. what is the surface charge density on the sphere?

Answers

The surface charge density on the sphere is 0.014C/[tex]m^{2}[/tex].

Given,

r=5.00cm=0.05m, q=7. 5 µc

We know surface charge density σ =q/V=[tex]\frac{7.5*10^{-6} }{\frac{4}{3}\pi 0.05^{3} }[/tex]=0.014C/[tex]m^{2}[/tex].

Surface charge density

It is always important to know how charge is moving in an electric field. These fields will also build up electric charges. Therefore, estimation of the surface charge density is essential for a number of applications. It is also necessary to calculate the surface charge density of an electric object using its volume and surface area. The amount of electric charge that has collected in a given field is measured by the surface charge density. Using the dimensions provided, it determines the amount of electric charge. Dimensions of the electric body could be in the form of length, area, or volume. In one, two, or three dimensions, according to electromagnetism, surface charge density is a measurement of the amount of electric charge present in a given volume of space.

A conducting sphere of radius 5. 0 cm carries a net charge of 7. 5 µc. what is the surface surface charge density on the sphere?

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A 0.20-μf capacitor is connected to a 300-v battery. What potential energy is stored in the capacitor?

Answers

A 0.20-μf capacitor is connected to a 300-v battery, the potential energy is stored in the capacitor will be 9 * [tex]10^{-3}[/tex] J

The energy stored in a capacitor is nothing but the electric potential energy and is related to the voltage and charge on the capacitor. If the capacitance of a conductor is C, then it is initially uncharged and it acquires a potential difference V when connected to a battery.

Its two plates hold opposite charges and the separation between them creates an electric field. That's why a capacitor stores energy.

Capacitance =  0.20 * [tex]10^{-6}[/tex]

voltage = 300 V

Potential energy stored in a capacitor = 1/2 *C * [tex]V^{2}[/tex]

                                                                = 1/2 * 0.20 * [tex]10^{-6}[/tex] * [tex](300)^{2}[/tex]

                                                                = 9000 *  [tex]10^{-6}[/tex]

                                                                 = 9 * [tex]10^{-3}[/tex] J

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The fixed assets turnover ratio of gd products is 13. 6 and that of its competitor, ap goods inc. , is 6. 0. what does this financial data primarily imply?

Answers

The correct answer is GD Products collects receivables more quickly than AP Goods.

Analysts typically utilize the fixed asset turnover ratio (FAT) to gauge operating performance. This efficiency ratio assesses a company's capacity to generate net sales from its fixed-asset investments, specifically property, plant, and equipment (PP&E). It compares net sales (income statement) to fixed assets (balance sheet) (PP&E). Utilized as a net of accumulated depreciation is the fixed asset balance. A greater fixed asset turnover ratio shows that a business has utilized fixed asset investments to drive sales effectively. A greater ratio suggests that management is making better use of its fixed assets. No information can be gleaned from a high FAT ratio about a company's capacity to produce reliable earnings or cash flows.

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A 1500-w heater is connected to a 120-v line for 2. 0 hours. how much heat energy is produced?

Answers

Answer:

10800 kJ

Explanation:

1 watt = 1 Joule /sec

1500 w = 1500 j/sec         2 hours = 7200 sec

1500 j/sec * 7200 sec = 10 800 000 j   = 10 800 kJ

Which of the following describe advantages of using radio waves over other electromagnetic waves to transmit information to Earth? Select ALL that apply.

A
Radio waves travel faster.

B
Radio waves take less energy to produce.

C
Radio waves transmit more types of information.

D
Radio waves have a lower frequency, which makes them safer for humans.

E
Radio waves have higher energy, which makes their signal easier to capture.

Answers

The correct options are:

D

"Radio waves have a lower frequency, which makes them safer for humans."

B

"Radio waves take less energy to produce."

Why do we radio waves over other electromagnetic waves to transmit information to Earth?

Radio waves are electromagnetic waves with frequencies on the range from 10 KHz to 10 THz.

Now, remember that all electromagnetic waves have the same speed, which is the speed of light, and the energy of a wave is proportional to its frequency.

Particularly, we can see that radio waves have small frequencies (smaller than infrared light) so these waves carry very little energy.

With that in mind, the correct options are.

D

"Radio waves have a lower frequency, which makes them safer for humans."

B

"Radio waves take less energy to produce."

These are the two main reasons of why we use radio waves.

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How would a small bar magnet be oriented when placed at position X?

Answers

Based on the document attached, the  small bar magnet will be oriented when placed at position X is option d:

What is the magnet position about?

The orientation of the magnets   is known to be one that do affect its magnetic force. Atoms atoms, such as iron, are known to often gives a stronger magnetic force when compared to other atoms.

These atoms can be seen as tiny magnets, that has the north and south of each pole. If the poles is known to be oriented in all directions, the material will not bring about a net magnetic force.

Therefore, Based on the document attached, the  small bar magnet will be oriented when placed at position X is option d because the shapes of the magnetic field lines in regards to the bar magnet are said to be closed.

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Two objects of mass 3 kg and 2 kg are thrown with velocities 2 ms-1 and 3 ms-1 , respectively. Calculate the momentum of both. Which has a greater momentum?​

Answers

Answer:

They have the SAME momentum ....see below

Explanation:

Momentum = m v

3       3kg * 2 m/s =   6  kg-m/s

2        2kg * 3 m/s =   6 kg - m/s        

Among merge sort and quick sort, which algorithm takes more spaces? what strategy is used by the other algorithm to use less space and run slightly faster in average case?

Answers

Merge sort requires more space than quick sort. Bogo sort is used by the other algorithm to use less space and run slightly faster in average case.

To find the answer, we need to know more about the Maxillary space.

What is Maxillary space?Quicksort consumes less space and has better cache locality than merge sort, which uses more space. An in-place sorting algorithm is quick sort. No additional storage space is required for sorting when it is done in-place. Because Join Sort does not exist, Quick Sort has the advantage of space since Merge Sort needs a temporary array to merge the sorted arrays.

Thus, we can conclude that, merge sort requires more space than quick sort. Bogo sort is used by the other algorithm to use less space and run slightly faster in average case.

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Light propagates from soda lime glass (n = 1.518) into pyrex glass (n = 1.473). determine the critical angle for this situation.

Answers

Light propogates from soda lime glass into pyrex glass of different refractive indices indicating a change in the medium which can be used to find out the critical angle.

The critical angle is the angle of incidence for which the angle of refraction comes out to be 90°. It is related to the refractive indices (Plural of refractive index) by the following relation:

Sini = 1/u, where u is the ratio of refractive index of medium 2 and medium 1

According to the question, Light propogates from soda lime glass (Medium 1, u1=1.518) into pyrex glass(Medium 2, u2=1.473), i.e. from a denser medium to rarer medium. So, the ratio of refractive index becomes u2/u1= 1.473/1.518=0.97

Putting the ratio in the above-mentioned formula,

∴ Sini = 1/0.97

i= 75.9°

Hence, the critical angle(i) for the given situation is 75.9°.

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What is the volume of a solution, in milliliters, that contains 1. 5 g lino3 and has a concentration of 0. 40 m?

Answers

The volume of a solution, in milliliters, that contains 1. 5 g lino3 and has a concentration of 0. 40 m will be 54.35 m L.

Molarity is defined as the moles of a solute per liters of a solution. Molarity is also known as the molar concentration of a solution.

Molarity = n / V

where

n = number of moles

V = volume of solution in l

Molar mass of [tex]LiNO_{3}[/tex] = M of Li + M of N + 3 * M of O

                                    = 7 + 14 + (3*16)

                                    = 69 g/ mole

since , M = n / V

           n = m / molar mass of  [tex]LiNO_{3}[/tex]

substituting the value of n

Molarity  = (m / molar mass of  [tex]LiNO_{3}[/tex]  ) / V

V = m / molar mass of  [tex]LiNO_{3}[/tex]  * Molarity

   = 1.5 / 69 * 0.40

   = 54.35 mL

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When the atmosphere becomes loaded with particles, only the _____ wavelengths are able to penetrate the atmosphere.

Answers

Visible light are able to penetrate the atmosphere

What is Wavelength?

A waveform signal that is carried in space or down a wire has a wavelength, which is the separation between two identical places (adjacent crests) in the consecutive cycles. This length is often defined in wireless systems in metres (m), centimetres (cm), or millimetres (mm).

The electromagnetic spectrum is made up of a variety of electromagnetic radiations, including radio waves, microwaves, infrared light, visible light, ultraviolet light, X-rays, and gamma rays. Because the earth's atmosphere blocks off the majority of the electromagnetic spectrum's wavelengths, most electromagnetic energy from space cannot reach the planet's surface.

. A portion of the electromagnetic spectrum that humans can see with our eyes is the visible light or spectrum. The electromagnetic spectrum's band that can most easily reach Earth's surface is also this one.

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