Answer:
focal length
Explanation:
This describes focal length of the beam
What forms of water will be present in a 1. 0 l flask at 303 k containing a visible amount of liquid water (the vapor pressure of water at 303 k is 31. 8 mmhg)?
Liquid and gas forms of water will be present in a 1. 0 l flask at 303 k containing a visible amount of liquid water(the vapour pressure of water at 303 k is 31. 8 mmHg).
Because the problem mentions that there is liquid water visible in the flask, liquid must be one of the correct options. Additionally, liquid water has a vapour pressure of 31.8 mmHg at the given temperature, meaning there will 31.8 mmHg of gaseous water present as well, so the correct answer is liquid and gas.
Vapour pressure or equilibrium vapour pressure is defined as the pressure exerted by a vapour in thermodynamic equilibrium with its condensed phases (solid or liquid) at a given temperature in a closed system. The equilibrium vapour pressure is an indication of a liquid's evaporation rate.
It relates to the tendency of particles to escape from the liquid (or a solid). A substance with a high vapour pressure at normal temperatures is often referred to as volatile. The pressure exhibited by vapour present above a liquid surface is known as vapour pressure.
As the temperature of a liquid increases, the kinetic energy of its molecules also increases. As the kinetic energy of the molecules increases, the number of molecules transitioning into a vapour also increases, thereby increasing the vapour pressure.
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The bisecting-angle instrument (bai) uses _____ to determine the correct pid angulation.
The bisecting-angle instrument (bai) uses aiming rings to determine the correct pid angulation.
What is Bisecting-angle instrument?This instrument is commonly used in dental medicine and radiography so as to achieve short cone technique x-rays.
It however employs the use of aiming rings for accuracy to determine the correct position-indicating device angulation thereby making it the most appropriate choice.
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A car coasts 62. 2 meters along a hill that makes a 28. 3° angle with the ground. if the car's mass is 1234 kg, then what is the change in potential energy?
The change in Potential energy is = 662,292.459 J.
How can we calculate the value of change in potential energy?Here, to calculate the potential energy change we use the formula,
[tex]W= F \times d \times cos\theta[/tex]
Or, [tex]W= m\times g \times d \times cos\theta[/tex]
Here we are given,
d= Distance the car makes = 62. 2 m.
[tex]\theta[/tex] = Angle that the car make along the hill = 28. 3°
F= The amount of force affect on the car = [tex]m\times g[/tex] .
m= Mass of the car = 1234 kg.
g= Acceleration of gravity = 9.8 [tex]m/s^2[/tex]
Now we substitute the known values in the above equation,
[tex]W= m\times g \times d \times cos\theta[/tex]
Or, [tex]W= 1234 \times 9.8 \times 62.2 \times cos(28.3)[/tex]
Or, [tex]W= 662,292.459 J[/tex]
From the above calculation we can conclude that the amount of work done on the car is, 662,292.459 J.
We know, from the work energy theorem that,
The change in Potential energy = The work done on the mass.
So, From the above theorem the change in potential energy is 662,292.459 J.
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A scientist is searching the moons of the solar system for signs of life. He knows that an atmosphere is one of the key features of a location that can
develop life as we know it. Where should he focus his search?
A. Titan
B. Ganymede
C. Luna (Earth's moon)
D. lo
The virus-induced, specific damage to the host cell that can be seen in a light microscope is called:________
Answer:
It's called, "Cytopathic effects."
The thermodynamic efficiency of a heat engine that rejects heat at a rate of 20 mw when heat is supplied to it at a rate of 60 mw is:_____.
The thermodynamic efficiency of a heat engine that rejects heat at a rate of 20 mw when heat is supplied to it at a rate of 60 mw is 66.67%.
It is given that,
Rejected heat at the rate of 20 mw and supplied heat a rate of 60 mw.
It is required to find the thermodynamic efficiency of a heat engine.
What is the thermodynamic efficiency of a heat engine that rejects heat at a rate of 20 mw when heat is supplied to it at a rate of 60 mw?As we know that
Work Done = Heat Supplied - Heat Rejected
Work Done = 60 mw - 20 mw
Work Done = 40 mw
So the efficiency of heat engine will be:
[tex]\eta=\frac{Work done}{Heat energy supply}[/tex]
[tex]\eta=\frac{40}{60}[/tex]×[tex]100\\[/tex]
η = [tex]\frac{2}{3}[/tex]×[tex]100\\[/tex]
η = 66.67%
Thus, thermodynamic efficiency of a heat engine that rejects heat at a rate of 20 mw when heat is supplied to it at a rate of 60 mw is 66.67%.
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Light of wavelength 560 nm passes through a slit of width 0. 170 mm. (a) the width of the central maximum on a screen is 8. 00 mm. how far is the screen from the slit?
The distance between slit and the screen is 1.214m.
To find the answer, we have to know about the width of the central maximum.
How to find the distance between slit and the screen?It is given that, wavelength 560 nm passes through a slit of width 0. 170 mm, and the width of the central maximum on a screen is 8. 00 mm.We have the expression for slit width w as,[tex]w=\frac{2*wavelength*d}{a}[/tex]
where, d is the distance between slit and the screen, and a is the slit width.
Thus, distance between slit and the screen is,[tex]d=\frac{w*a}{2*wavelength} =\frac{8*10^{-3}*0.17*10^{-3}}{560*10^{-9}*2} \\\\d=1.214m[/tex]
Thus, we can conclude that, the distance between slit and the screen is 1.214m.
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When the range of one or both of the variables is restricted, the correlation will be ______.
When the range of one or both of the variables is restricted, the correlation will be decreased
Restriction of range is the term applied to the case in which observed sample data are not available across the entire range of interest.
Correlation is a statistical measure (expressed as a number) that describes the size and direction of a relationship between two or more variables. A correlation between variables, however, does not automatically mean that the change in one variable is the cause of the change in the values of the other variable.
Restricted ranges affect correlations. In fact, when the range is restricted, a peculiar phenomenon happens: the correlation coefficient goes down. The range restriction causes the standard deviation of the variable x to shrink which reduces the correlation of x to some variable y. Analogue, range restriction can also affect the coefficients in multiple regression
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The difference between the observed points and the regression line points is equal to the:________
The difference between the observed points and the regression line points is equal to the correlation.
The strength and direction of a relationship between two or more variables are described by the statistical measure of correlation, which is given as a number. However, a correlation between two variables does not necessarily imply that a change in one variable is the reason for a change in the values of the other.
Regression expresses the relationship as an equation, whereas correlation assesses the strength of the linear link between two variables. The square of the correlation coefficient, also known as Pearson's r, between the observed and predicted values in a regression is sometimes referred to as R2.
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This is 25 points!!!
Although geothermal power is renewable and widely accessible due to geothermal energy being present all over the Earth, it is the least used type of power.
Only a few countries produce more than 15% of their total electricity from geothermal power; these countries include Iceland, El Salvador, New Zealand, the Philippines, and Kenya.
Why do you think those five countries use so much more l geothermal power? How could where they are located influence their use of geothermal power?
Answer in 3-5 complete sentences please.
Answer:
Geothermal energy is heat that is generated within the Earth. It is a renewable resource that can be harvested for human use.
the location of the following countries are very near to sea level giving them easy access to the energy.
This is what I think is the answer.
pls tell me if any mistakes..
I hope it was helpful..
b.
How
6. An astronaut on the moon throws a wrench straight up with a speed of 4.0m/s. Three
seconds later, it is falling down with a speed of 0.80m/s.
a.What is the acceleration of the wrench?
b.How far above the point of release will the wrench be after 3.0s?
C.How long would it take for the wrench to return to its starting position?
Answer:
Kinematics of the parabolic movement
To solve the problem we will apply the kinematic equations of linear motion, which are an essential part in the characterization of parabolic motion. In this case we require the definition of acceleration described mathematically as,
a
=
v
f
−
v
i
t
Here,
v
f
=
Final Velocity
v
i
=
Initial Velocity
t
=
Time
Answer and Explanation: 1
Become a Study.com member to unlock this answer! Create your account
According to the information provided we have to
{eq}\text{Initial Velocity} = v_i = 4.0\text{ m/s}\\ \text{Initial Velocity} = v_f = 0.80\text{
Aluminium has a work function of 4. 08 ev. (a) find the cutoff wavelength and cutoff frequency for the photoelectric effect?
Aluminium has a work function of 4. 08 eV. The cutoff wavelength and cutoff frequency for the photoelectric effect is 303.9nm and 911.7× 10¹⁷ s⁻¹ respectively.
Work Function is the minimum energy required to eject an electron from a photoelectric material.
Cutoff Wavelength is the maximum wavelength below which electron will be ejected
Cutoff Frequency is the minimum frequency required to eject electron.
Let the work function of Aluminium be Φ
Given, work function Φ = 4.08eV
We know that hc/λ = Φ
where, h is Planck constant
c is speed of light
λ is wavelength of light used
Hence, on subsitution
1240 / λ = 4.08 eV (hc = 1240)
⇒ λ = 303.9 nm
Hence, cutoff wavelength used is 303.9 nm
We know that ν = c/λ
ν = 3 × 10⁸ / 303.9
⇒ ν = 911.7 × 10¹⁷ s⁻¹
Hence, cutoff frequency used is 911.7 × 10¹⁷ s⁻¹
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Which prompting system involves providing a prompt with a 0 second delay and never increasing that delay?
Simultaneous prompting method involves providing a prompt with a 0 second delay and never increasing that delay.
The simultaneous prompting method is a technique created to reduce errors. It entails using a controlling prompt (i.e., one that causes the learner to give the right answer every time) right away after the instruction.
As a result, the learner never makes a mistake and always has access to reinforcement. It is a teaching strategy without flaws. To avoid or minimise errors, this prompt is always given with a zero-second delay or right away after the target stimulus (cue). Prior to training sessions, probe sessions are used to evaluate skill mastery.
Therefore, Simultaneous prompting method involves providing a prompt with a 0 second delay and never increasing that delay.
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5
A car starting from rest travels 36m in 6s. Find the car's acceleration and its
velocity at this time.
Answer:
I don't know of velocity but
acceleration: 6m/s
Explanation:
here
initial velocity(u):0m/s
final velocity(v):36m
time taken(t): 6s
now
a:v-u/t
or a: 36-0/6
a:6m/s#
This layer of the Earth is made of solid rock, it is hot and made of peridotite.
1. Continental crust
2. Kimberlite pipe
3. Oceanic crust
4. Mantle
the answer is the mantle.
A force of 12,000 n is exerted on a piston that has an area of 0. 020 m 2. What is the area of a second piston that exerts a force of 24,000 n?
The area of a second piston that exerts a force of 24,000 N is 0.04 [tex]m^{2}[/tex].
Gravitational force is measured in newtons. Utilizing the physics formula pressure = force/area, you can compute pressure if you know the value of a force. Both pounds per square inch (psi) and newtons per square meter (N/m2) are acceptable units of measurement for this pressure.
Given force 1 = 12,000 N
The pressure which has produced a force of 12,000 N at the piston 1 = Force/ area
= 12,000N / 0.020 [tex]m^{2}[/tex]
= 6,00,000 N/[tex]m^{2}[/tex]
Now force at piston 1 must be equal to force at piston 2. thus, force at piston 2 is given by:
Force at piston 2 = pressure × area
24,000 N = 6,00,000 × area
area = 0.04 [tex]m^{2}[/tex]
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What editing technique is used to indicate a passage of time, usually symbolizing a sunset and sun rise?
The editing technique is used to indicate a passage of time, usually symbolizing a sunset and sun rise is montage .
Montages are one of the most common techniques used to show the passage of time. In motion pictures, the editing technique of assembling separate pieces of thematically related film and putting them together into a sequence.
A Montage is a series of video messages sent privately from a bunch of people who really care about you, and combined into one surprise, video gift. Most Montages are 10-30 minutes long. The longest Montage ever was 1 hour and 12 minutes long
Montages enable filmmakers to communicate a large amount of information to an audience over a shorter span of time by juxtaposing different shots, compressing time through editing, or intertwining multiple storylines of a narrative. The word “montage” derives from French — meaning “assembly” or “editing.”
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Diagram A shows two laser beams, one blue and one red, that are incident on a mirrored surface. Diagram B shows two laser beams, one blue and one red, that are incident on a transparent block of glass.
Which statement about the situation shown in these diagrams is CORRECT when light is refracted through the glass and reflected from the mirror?
A
The blue and red laser beams reflect at different angles, and they refract at different angles.
B
The blue and red laser beams reflect at the same angle, and they refract at the same angle.
C
The blue and red laser beams reflect at different angles, and they refract at the same angle.
D
The blue and red laser beams reflect at the same angle, and they refract at different angles.
Diagram A shows two laser beams, one blue and one red, that are incident on a mirrored surface. Diagram B shows two laser beams, one blue and one red, that are incident on a transparent block of glass then The blue and red laser beams reflect at the same angle, and they refract at different angles.
A laser emits a very focused beam of light that can be used in a variety of equipment and technologies. Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation is what the letters in the term laser stand for. The word "laser" is an acronym for "Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation." In a laser beam, the light waves are "coherent," which means they are all traveling at the same speed and wavelength. To do this, excited electrons are passed through an optical "gain medium," which could be a solid substance like glass or a gas.
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Light of a given wavelength is used to illuminate the surface of a metal, however, no photoelectrons are emitted. In order to cause electrons to be ejected from the surface of this metal you should?
In order to cause electrons to be ejected from the surface of this metal you should use light of a shorter wavelength.
The photoelectric effect is the emission of electrons when electromagnetic radiation, such as light, hits a material. Electrons emitted in this manner are called photoelectrons. The phenomenon is studied in condensed matter physics, and solid state and quantum chemistry to draw inferences about the properties of atoms, molecules and solids. The effect has found use in electronic devices specialized for light detection and precisely timed electron emission.
This process is also often referred to as photoemission. In terms of their behaviour and their properties, photoelectrons are no different from other electrons. The prefix, photo-, simply tells us that the electrons have been ejected from a metal surface by incident light.
The photons of a light beam have a characteristic energy, called photon energy, which is proportional to the frequency of the light. In the photoemission process, when an electron within some material absorbs the energy of a photon and acquires more energy than its binding energy, it is likely to be ejected. If the photon energy is too low, the electron is unable to escape the material. Since an increase in the intensity of low-frequency light will only increase the number of low-energy photons, this change in intensity will not create any single photon with enough energy to dislodge an electron. Moreover, the energy of the emitted electrons will not depend on the intensity of the incoming light of a given frequency, but only on the energy of the individual photons.
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When inspecting a transmission case for defects, measure seal surface openings by using a(n):_______
A Final statement or concluding statement
When inspecting a transmission case for defects, measure seal surface openings by using a(n) dial caliper
What is a dial caliper and why do we use it?For taking precise measures, a dial caliper is a calibrated precision measuring device. Normally, minor amounts of movement and material thickness are measured with dial calipers.
They are particularly well-liked for machining and automotive applications.
Most dial calipers have a measuring range of 150mm (6 inches), however there are other calipers with measuring ranges of 100mm (4 inches) and 300mm (12 inches). Dial calipers do not require batteries because they use a rack and pinion mechanism.
As a result, they are both environmentally and economically friendly.
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the ball is thrown up . the direction of g will be ? 1. vertically downward 2. vertically upward 3. horizontal 4. nine of these
Answer:
1 because gravity pulls the object down towards the centre of the Earth.
When voltage is applied to a dc motor but
the armature is not turning, this condition is
called
A dc motor has armature failure when voltage is applied but the armature is not rotating.
To find the answer, we need to know more about the working of motor.
What is an armature and how it works?The armature's job is to continuously produce a magnetic field, which, along with the magnetic field generated by the stator windings, causes the rotor (or armature) to rotate.Due to the relative motion between the flux provided by the field winding and the flux produced by the armature winding, an EMF is created when the armature is utilized as an electric motor.This EMF will oppose the torque generated in the rotor and the current flowing through an armature. As a result, mechanical power is created from electrical power. A shaft is used to transmit the toque generated in the rotor to rotate other objects.The most common fault with armatures is worn commutators, caused by the friction of carbon brushes against the commutator surface. Over time the insulation between the commutator segments becomes proud as the copper of the commutator surface wears away.Thus, we can conclude that, a dc motor has armature failure when voltage is applied but the armature is not rotating.
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Chapter: The Gas Laws
The air in a bicycle tyre has a volume of 1000 cm^3 and a pressure of 2.5 atmospheres. If the air is released (at the same temperature) so its pressure is 1.0 atmosphere, what is the volume of the air?
A bicycle pump has a volume of 100 cm^3 and is now used to pump up the tyre. After 1 stroke of the pump, what is the pressure in the tyre?
1. The volume of the air is 2500 cm³
2. The pressure in the tyre is 2.27 atm
Boyle's law equationP₁V₁ = P₂V₂
Where
P₁ is the initial pressure V₁ is the initial volume V₂ is the new volume P₂ is the new pressure 1. How to determine the new volume Initial pressure (P₁) = 2.5 atmInitial volume (V₁) = 1000 cm³New pressure (P₂) = 1 atmNew volume (V₂) = ?
P₁V₁ = P₂V₂
2.5 × 1000 = 1 × V₂
V₂ = 2500 cm³
Thus, the volume of the air is 2500 cm³
2. How to determine the new pressureInitial pressure (P₁) = 2.5 atmInitial volume (V₁) = 1000 cm³New volume (V₂) = 1000 + 100 = 1100 cm³New pressure (P₂) = ?P₁V₁ = P₂V₂
2.5 × 1000 = P₂ × 1100
Divide both sides by 1100
P₂ = (2.5 × 1000) / 1100
P₂ = 2.27 atm
Thus, the pressure in the tyre is 2.27 atm
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What charge appears on the plates of a 6. 0-μf capacitor when it is charged to 40 v?
Charge appeared on the plates of a 6.0 μf capacitor when it is charged to 40V is 240μC.
Capacitance of the capacitor is determined by the area of the plate of Capacitor and distance between the plates of capacitor.
Capacitor is dependent on the area of the plates, distance between the plates and medium present between the plates.
It is not dependent of the charge and voltage across the capacitor.
We know that Q = CV, where Q is the charge on capacitor, C is the Capacitance and V is the voltage applied across the capacitor.
Q = 6 × 10⁻⁶ × 40
Q = 240× 10⁻⁶ C
Q = 240 μC
Hence the charge on the plates of the capacitor is 240 μC.
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Which term describes the specific location where light rays meet after passing through a lens?
A Final statement or concluding statement
Light rays meet at Focal Point after passing through a lens.
What is a Focal Point?A focus is a place at which light or other forms of radiation converge.
A beam that enters a diverging lens parallel to its axis seems to originate at the focal point F.
A beam passing through the focal point of a converging lens departs parallel to its axis.
Parallel light rays from the right enter a converging lens at its focal point on the left.
Light rays entering a converging lens parallel to its axis converge at the lens's focal point F.
The focal length of a lens is the distance between its center and its focal point.
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The first moment of the total cross-sectional area taken about the neutral axis must be?
The first moment of the total cross-sectional area taken about the neutral axis must be zero.
A member that resists bending has a neutral axis in its cross-section along which there are no longitudinal stresses or strains. The neutral axis lies at the geometric centroid if the section is symmetric, isotropic, and does not curve before a bend. The neutral axis is not under any strain. Therefore, the neutral axis has no bending moment. Because the neutral axis is not affected by the applied stresses, there is no bending stress. At the neutral axis, no stress is created. The line in the cross-section of a beam where there is neither longitudinal compression nor tensile stress is known as the neutral axis for that beam. The neutral axis is typically regarded in the study of wood beams to be at the centroid of the beam.
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#4243.
The first moment of the total cross sectional area taken about the neutral axis must be zero.
As with non-composite beams, the neutral axis (NA) is the location where the bending stress is zero. The location of the NA depends on the relative stiffness and size of each of the material sections.
Generally, the NA location is determined relative to the bottom surface of the beam. However, this is not mandatory, and the location can be relative to any location. If the bottom is used, then the NA axis is a distance "h"
The distance h can be determined by recalling that the stresses through the cross section must be in equilibrium.
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The human body has an average density of 979 kg/m3 , what fraction of a person is submerged when floating gently in fresh water?
A person is submerged of about 97.9%.
The average density of the human body is given as 979 kg/ m³.
Define Law of floatation.Law of floatation can be defined as the volume of the liquid displaced when a body floats on the liquid surface is equal to the body submerged in the water.
As body has the stable equilibrium state, the buoyancy of the fluid will be equal to the weight.
Weight of the body floating = Weight of the body immersed in fluid
Law of floatation = Density of the floating object / density of fluid
As fluid is the freshwater here, the density of fluid will be 1000 kg/ m³.
= (979 kg/ m³) / ( 1000 kg/ m³)
= 97.9 %
A person is submerged when floating gently in fresh water about 97.9%.
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A 1. 30 kg block slides with a speed of 0. 855 m/s on a frictionless horizontal surface until it encounters a spring with a force constant of 552 n/m. The block comes to rest after compressing the spring 4. 15 cm. Part a. Find the spring potential energy, u , the kinetic energy of the block, k , and the total mechanical energy of the system, e , for compressions of 0 cm. Part b. Find the spring potential energy, u , the kinetic energy of the block, k , and the total mechanical energy of the system, e , for compressions of 1. 00 cm. Part c. Find the spring potential energy, u , the kinetic energy of the block, k , and the total mechanical energy of the system, e , for compressions of.
a) U = 0 J
k = 0.383 J
E = 0.383 J
b) U = 0.0228 J
k = 0.155 J
E = 0.383 J
c) U = 0.1104 J
k = 0.272 J
E = 0.383 J
d) U = 0.248 J
k = 0.177 J
E = 0.383 J
Method for solving:The equations for kinetic energy is:
k= 1/2*m*[tex]v^{2}[/tex]
The equation for elastic potential energy is:
U= 1/2*ks*[tex]x^{2}[/tex]
Where,
m= mass of the block
v= velocity
ks= spring constant
x= displacement of the spring
(a)when compression= 0 cmU= 1/2*ks*[tex]x^{2}[/tex]
U= 1/2*552*[tex](0)^{2}[/tex]
= 0 J
Kinetic energy:
k= 1/2*m*[tex]v^{2}[/tex]
k= 1/2*(1.05)*[tex](0.855)^{2}[/tex]
k= 0.383 J
Mechanical energy:
E= k + U
E= 0.383+0
E= 0.383 J
There will be no work done by friction or any other dissipative force, hence this energy will be conserved, or it will remain constant (like air resistance). This indicates that only spring potential energy will be created from the kinetic energy (there is no thermal energy due to friction, for example).
(b) spring potential = ?
U= 1/2* 457 N/m*[tex](0.01)^{2}[/tex]
U= 0.0228 J
Since the mechanical energy must remain constant, we may calculate the kinetic energy using the mechanical energy equation:
E= k + U
0.383= k + 0.0228
k= 0.383 - 0.228
k= 0.155
(c)spring constant when x= 0.02
U= 1/2*552*[tex](0.02)^{2}[/tex]
U= 0.1104 J
Using the equation of mechanical energy:
E= k +U
0.383= k+ 0.1104
k= 0.383 - 0.1104
k= 0.272 J
(d) U= 1/2*552*[tex](0.03)^{2}[/tex]
U= 0.2484 J
E= 0.383 J
k = E - U
k= 0.383- 0.206
k= 0.177
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A circular loop of wire of radius 10 cm carries a current of 6. 0 a. what is the magnitude of the magnetic field at the center of the loop? (μ0 = 4π × 10-7 t ∙ m/a)
The magnitude of the magnetic field at the center of the loop is [tex]3.77*10^{-5} T[/tex]
Given,
μ0 = 4π × [tex]10^{-7}[/tex] t ∙ m/a, I=6 A, R = 10cm =0.1m
magnetic field(B)=μ0*I/2R=[tex]\frac{4*3.14*10x^{-7}*6 }{2*0.1}[/tex]=[tex]3.77*10^{-5} T[/tex]
Magnetic fieldWhen it comes to the magnetic influence on moving electric charges, electric currents, and magnetic materials, we use the vector field of a magnetic field. A force perpendicular to the charge's own velocity and the magnetic field acts on it when the charge is travelling in a magnetic field. Iron and other ferromagnetic elements are drawn to a permanent magnet's magnetic field, which also draws or repels other magnets. Furthermore, a magnetic field with varying localization will impose a force on a variety of non-magnetic materials by altering the velocity of their outer atomic electrons. Magnetic fields surround magnetised materials and are produced by electric currents, like those found in electromagnets, and by electric fields with changing time constants.
A circular loop of wire of radius 10 cm carries a current of 6. 0 a. what is the magnitude of the magnetic field at the center of the loop? (μ0 = 4π × 10-7 t ∙ m/a)
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If a wave has a wavelength of 4.5 meters and a period of 0.007 second, what’s the velocity of the wave? be sure to show the steps of your work.
Answer:
v = λ f wavelength * frequency
v = λ / P
v = 4.5 n / .007 sec = 643 m/s