The institutional-based view of global business is a theoretical perspective that suggests that institutions in different countries play a critical role in shaping the nature and extent of global business.
This view holds that the formal and informal rules and regulations that exist within a country's institutions, such as government agencies, legal systems, and cultural norms, can significantly influence the behavior of firms operating within that country. It is a perspective that emphasizes the importance of understanding the institutional environment of a country when making business decisions.
This view is often contrasted with the resource-based view of global business, which suggests that the key to success in global business lies in a firm's ability to leverage its unique resources and capabilities to gain a competitive advantage.
While the resource-based view is focused on the internal capabilities of the firm, the institutional-based view is focused on the external environment of the firm.
The institutional-based view suggests that the success of a firm in global business is heavily influenced by the institutional context in which it operates.
For example, a firm operating in a country with weak legal systems may face challenges in enforcing contracts and protecting intellectual property. Similarly, a firm operating in a country with high levels of corruption may face challenges in gaining access to key resources and building relationships with local partners.
In summary, the institutional-based view of global business suggests that institutions play a critical role in shaping the nature and extent of global business. It is a perspective that emphasizes the importance of understanding the institutional environment of a country when making business decisions.
To know more about institutional-based here
https://brainly.com/question/32806437
#SPJ11
2. A 12-month EUR/USD swap is quoted at 51/54. EUR interest rates are expected to fall, with USD interest rates remaining stable. Assuming no change in the spot rate what effect would you expect on the forward points? a. Move towards 67/70 b. Move towards 38/31 c. Unchanged d. Insufficient information
The forward points represent the interest rate differential between two currencies in a foreign exchange swap. In this case, the EUR/USD swap is quoted at 51/54, which means that the EUR is at a forward premium against the USD.
If EUR interest rates are expected to fall while USD interest rates remain stable, it indicates a decrease in the interest rate differential between the two currencies. As a result, the forward points are likely to move towards narrowing or even becoming less positive.
Considering the given options:
a. Move towards 67/70: This option suggests an increase in the forward premium, which contradicts the expectation of decreasing EUR interest rates. Hence, it is not the expected effect.
b. Move towards 38/31: This option suggests a decrease in the forward premium, aligning with the expectation of falling EUR interest rates. It is a possible expected effect.
c. Unchanged: This option assumes that there is no impact on the forward points despite the changing interest rate expectations. It is less likely as interest rate differentials typically influence forward points.
d. Insufficient information: This option implies that there is not enough information provided to determine the expected effect on the forward points. While more information could provide additional context, we can make a reasonable inference based on the given information.
Therefore, the expected effect on the forward points would be b. Move towards 38/31.
To know more about interest rate click this link -
brainly.com/question/28236069
#SPJ11
Please answer all questions:
One reason that we study ethics is to look at issues from different points of view.
T / F
A social contact is an agreement between people within a society to act a certain way. For example, if you have old lawn furniture to get rid of, and if you place it on the curb in front of your house, it is okay for someone to take it. But if it is on your front porch, it is considered off limits, and someone taking it would be considered stealing.
T / F
We know that it is possible to hire someone who is a "bad apple," but there are cases where the "bad apple" can actually be created by the company culture.
T / F
When a criminal says that they would not have committed the crime except for the fact that the target was walking down a dark alley and "should have known better," this is an example of ______.
A. displacement of responsibility
B. moral justification
C. euphemistic labeling
D. attribution of blame
Below are examples of the three types of stakeholders. Which one is a connected stakeholder?
A. someone who is a member of an activist group
B. someone who is a customer
C. someone who is a member of the board
D. someone who owns stock in the company
E. someone who is part of the media
#NoSweat is an emerging NGO that focuses on child labor and sweatshops. GiantWal is a superstore that has made billions thanks to child labor and sweatshops. Over the last few years, #No Sweat has made smaller businesses change their practices relating to their mission -- and if the company did not change, it took a significant financial hit because #NoSweat publicized the company's abuses and people began to boycott. Now #NoSweat is eyeing GiantWal. Where would #NoSweat be on GiantWal's Stakeholders' Interests and Influence Matrix?
A. Keep satisfied
B. Minimal effort
C. Keep close
D. Keep informed
1. The statement ''One reason that we study ethics is to look at issues from different points of view.'' is True: Studying ethics allows us to understand different perspectives and consider various viewpoints when analyzing ethical issues.
2. True: A social contract refers to an agreement within a society about certain behaviors. In the example given, placing old lawn furniture on the curb implies that it is available for someone to take, while placing it on the front porch indicates that it is off-limits.
3. The statement ''We know that it is possible to hire someone who is a "bad apple," but there are cases where the "bad apple" can actually be created by the company culture.'' is true. Company culture can influence an individual's behavior and potentially lead to the creation of a "bad apple" employee who engages in unethical actions.
4. When a criminal blames the victim for their actions, claiming that the victim should have known better, it is an example of displacement of responsibility. So, A. Displacement of responsibility is a correct answer.
5. In the context of stakeholders, a member of the board is considered a connected stakeholder as they have a direct association and involvement with the company. So, C. Someone who is a member of the board is a correct answer.
6. #NoSweat, an NGO focused on child labor and sweatshops, aims to influence GiantWal by publicizing the company's abuses and potentially organizing boycotts. In this scenario, #NoSweat would be categorized as "Keep satisfied" in GiantWal's Stakeholders' Interests and Influence Matrix, as they have the power to significantly impact the company's reputation and finances. So, A. Keep satisfied is a right choice.
For more questions on ethics
https://brainly.com/question/26273329
#SPJ8
Why is generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) important
to:
a. Accountants
b. Current Investors
c. Creditors
d. Customers
Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP) are important to accountants, current investors, creditors, and customers because it provides a standardized framework for financial reporting, ensuring consistency, comparability, and transparency in financial statements.
Accountants: GAAP serves as the foundation for accounting practices and guidelines, providing a standardized framework that accountants follow in preparing financial statements. It ensures consistency and uniformity in financial reporting, allowing accountants to accurately record and present financial information.Current Investors: GAAP is important to current investors as it provides them with reliable and comparable financial information about companies. By adhering to GAAP, companies present their financial statements in a consistent and transparent manner, enabling investors to make informed decisions based on accurate and trustworthy information.Creditors: Creditors, such as lenders or suppliers, rely on GAAP-compliant financial statements to assess a company's financial health and creditworthiness. GAAP provides them with standardized information, allowing them to evaluate the company's ability to repay debts or fulfill financial obligations.Customers: Customers may indirectly benefit from GAAP compliance as it promotes transparency and accuracy in financial reporting. By adhering to GAAP, companies are more likely to provide reliable information regarding their financial stability and performance. This can enhance customer confidence in the company's reliability, longevity, and ability to deliver on contractual obligations.Overall, GAAP is important to accountants, current investors, creditors, and customers as it establishes a common set of standards for financial reporting, ensuring consistency, comparability, and transparency in the presentation of financial information.
Learn more about Generally Accepted Accounting Principles at:
https://brainly.com/question/32814372
#SPJ11
Exchange Rates a. Suppose one curo costs $1.20 on January 1 and on March 1 , one euro costs $1.15. i. Has the Dollar appreciated or depreciated against the Euro over this time period? ii. If a U.S. firm was purchasing goods from a Spanish firm and the total value of goods is 500,000 euros, how much would the U.S. firm have to spend in S if these goods were paid for on January 1 ? iii. How much would the U.S. firm have to spend in S if these goods were paid for on March 1 ?
i. The Dollar has appreciated against the Euro over this time period. This is because the exchange rate has decreased from $1.20 per Euro to $1.15 per Euro. A decrease in the exchange rate indicates that it takes fewer dollars to purchase one Euro, which means the Dollar has gained value relative to the Euro.
ii. If the goods were paid for on January 1, when the exchange rate was $1.20 per Euro, the U.S. firm would need to spend $1.20 * 500,000 euros = $600,000.
iii. If the goods were paid for on March 1, when the exchange rate was $1.15 per Euro, the U.S. firm would need to spend $1.15 * 500,000 euros = $575,000. The decrease in the exchange rate means that the U.S. firm would require a smaller amount of dollars to purchase the same amount of Euros, resulting in a lower total cost in dollars compared to January 1.
To know more about exchange rate, visit:
https://brainly.com/question/30461560
#SPJ11
Thornton Trophies makes and sells trophies it distributes to fittle league ballplayers. The company normally produces and selis between 3,000 and 9,000 trophies per year. The following cost data apply
The table shows the total costs incurred, fixed costs, variable costs, and cost per unit for different levels of activity for Thornton Trophies.
The given question is related to accounting and cost data for Thornton Trophies, a company that makes and sells trophies it distributes to little league ballplayers. The question asks to complete a table by filling in the missing amounts for the levels of activity shown in the first row of the table. The following cost data apply to various activity levels:
- For 3,000 trophies:
- Total costs incurred: $108,000
- Fixed costs: $54,000
- Variable costs: $54,000
- Cost per unit: $36.00
- For 5,000 trophies:
- Total costs incurred: $150,000
- Fixed costs: $54,000
- Variable costs: $96,000
- Cost per unit: $30.00
- For 7,000 trophies:
- Total costs incurred: $198,000
- Fixed costs: $54,000
- Variable costs: $144,000
- Cost per unit: $28.29
- For 9,000 trophies:
- Total costs incurred: $252,000
- Fixed costs: $54,000
- Variable costs: $198,000
- Cost per unit: $28.00
The table shows the total costs incurred, fixed costs, variable costs, and cost per unit for different levels of activity. The missing amounts in the table have been filled in based on the given cost data and the formulas for calculating fixed costs, variable costs, and total costs.
Fixed costs are costs that do not vary with the level of activity, such as rent, salaries, and insurance. In this case, the fixed costs are $54,000, which is the same for all levels of activity.
Variable costs are costs that vary with the level of activity, such as materials, labor, and utilities. In this case, the variable costs are calculated by subtracting the fixed costs from the total costs incurred. For example, at the 5,000 unit level of activity, the variable costs are $96,000, which is calculated as $150,000 - $54,000 = $96,000.
Total costs are the sum of fixed costs and variable costs. In this case, the total costs are calculated by adding the fixed costs and variable costs. For example, at the 7,000 unit level of activity, the total costs are $198,000, which is calculated as $54,000 + $144,000 = $198,000.
Cost per unit is calculated by dividing the total costs by the number of units produced. In this case, the cost per unit is calculated by dividing the total costs by the number of trophies produced. For example, at the 3,000 unit level of activity, the cost per unit is $36.00, which is calculated as $108,000 / 3,000 = $36.00.
In conclusion, The missing amounts in the table have been filled in based on the given cost data and the formulas for calculating fixed costs, variable costs, and total costs.
learn more about fixed costs here:
https://brainly.com/question/30057573
#SPJ11
The complete question is:
Thornton Trophies makes and sells trophies it distributes to fittle league ballplayers. The company normally produces and selis between 3,000 and 9,000 trophies per year. The following cost data apply to various activity levels. Required Complete the preceding table by filing in the missing amounts for the levels of activity shown in the first row of the table. (Round your Intermediate calculations and per unit amounts to 2 decimal places.)
In simple terms
What are call provisions and sinking fund provisions? Do these
provisions make bonds more or less risky?
Call provisions give the issuer of a bond the option to redeem it before its maturity date. Sinking fund provisions require the issuer to set aside money periodically to retire a portion of the bond debt.
These provisions generally make bonds less risky for investors.
Call provisions allow the issuer of a bond to repay the bond's principal amount before its scheduled maturity date. This gives the issuer the flexibility to take advantage of lower interest rates by refinancing the debt or terminate the bond if necessary. From an investor's perspective, call provisions introduce some uncertainty, as the bond may be called away before it reaches its full term. This can limit the potential return for investors if the bond is called when interest rates are low.
Sinking fund provisions require the issuer to regularly set aside money to repay a portion of the bond's principal. This helps ensure that the issuer has the funds available to retire the bond when it matures. Sinking fund provisions reduce the risk of default for investors since they provide a measure of security that the issuer will be able to meet its repayment obligations.
Overall, these provisions make bonds less risky for investors by providing some level of protection against default. However, they also introduce some uncertainty and can limit potential returns, depending on the specific terms of the provisions and prevailing market conditions.
Learn more about bond debt here:
https://brainly.com/question/31102427
#SPJ11
For the VP of HR, see the cost of compensation. The labor market is currently paying approximately $190,000 a year in San Francisco. ABC Company will be hiring its new VP HR at $210,000 a year. Do you think ABC Company's compensation for this position is to pay competitive, fair, and equitable? Why or why not? Is this position in the Lag, Lead, or Market strategy? Explain your findings.
For the two HR Generalist positions in Houston. One is priced at $90,000 a year, and the other at $88,000 a year. Take into consideration the point factor example on p. 390. What might be causing a difference in pay between the two positions if they are the same? Explain your rationale. Why is it important to create pay ranges to justify your answer?
For the HR Generalist positions in Houston & Raleigh, where does compensation fall into the range? Minimum to low? Midpoint to Maximum? Explain how you came up with your answer.
What is the compa-ratio Robert, the Contract Recruiter? See the compa-ratio calculation on p. 394. Is Robert being paid below the pay range or above the pay range midpoint? Is he a red-circle worker or a green-circled worker?
Altogether, what might be some reasons that ABC company pay ranges and pay structure are the way they are? Support your reasoning with key terms, theories, and other concepts from the chapter.
Step 1: The compensation for the VP HR position at ABC Company seems competitive, fair, and equitable because it exceeds the current market rate in San Francisco. The position is in the Lead strategy as ABC Company is offering a higher salary than what the labor market is currently paying.
Step 2: The HR Generalist positions in Houston, priced at $90,000 and $88,000 respectively, may have differences in pay due to factors such as experience, qualifications, or performance. The point factor example on p. 390 suggests that certain job-related factors can influence compensation decisions. Creating pay ranges is important to ensure fairness and consistency in compensation decisions and to justify differences in pay based on job-related factors.
For the HR Generalist positions in Houston and Raleigh, the compensation falls within the range from the minimum to the midpoint. This determination is made based on the information provided in the question. However, without specific details about the pay ranges, it is difficult to provide a precise analysis.
Step 3: The compa-ratio for Robert, the Contract Recruiter, can be calculated using the formula on p. 394. If Robert's salary is below the pay range midpoint, he would be considered a red-circle worker. If his salary is above the pay range midpoint, he would be a green-circle worker. Without the specific salary information for Robert, it is not possible to determine his compa-ratio and his classification as red or green circle.
The pay ranges and pay structure at ABC Company are likely influenced by factors such as market conditions, company budget, internal equity, and external competitiveness. Key terms, theories, and concepts from the chapter, such as market strategy, point factor method, pay ranges, and compa-ratio calculations, can help explain and support the reasoning behind ABC Company's compensation decisions.
Learn more about market rate
brainly.com/question/33041149
#SPJ11
City Bus Corporation provides school bus transportation to public schools in Lancaster County. City Bus owns 50 buses garaged in three different cities within the county. The firm faces competition from two larger bus companies that operate in the same area. Public school boards generally award contracts to the lowest bidder, but the level of service and overall performance are also considered. Assume you are the risk manager of City Bus, how would you manage the risks faced by City Bus?
To manage the risks faced by City Bus Corporation, it includes regular risk assessments, prioritizes safety, and focuses on differentiation and customer satisfaction to compete with larger bus companies.
As the risk manager of City Bus Corporation, there are several strategies to effectively manage the risks faced by the company. One of the key approaches would be to implement a comprehensive risk management program that includes identifying, assessing, and mitigating potential risks.
This program would involve conducting regular risk assessments to identify the specific risks associated with operating in the transportation industry and competing with larger bus companies.
In addition, it would be crucial to prioritize safety as a top concern. This can be achieved through rigorous training programs for drivers and maintenance staff, ensuring that all buses are regularly inspected and maintained, and implementing strict safety protocols and procedures
Furthermore, to address the competition from larger bus companies, City Bus can focus on differentiating itself by providing exceptional customer service, reliable and punctual transportation services, and maintaining strong relationships with the school boards and local communities.
By consistently delivering high-quality service, City Bus can enhance its reputation and increase its chances of winning contracts based on performance rather than solely on the lowest bid.
Overall, effective risk management for City Bus Corporation would involve a combination of proactive risk assessment, safety measures, and strategic differentiation to mitigate potential risks and maintain a competitive edge in the market.
Learn more about risk assessments here:
https://brainly.com/question/32694936
#SPJ11
Using robust standard errors solves the problems associated with imperfect multicollinearity.
A. True B. False
The statement is False (Option B). Using robust standard errors does not solve the problems associated with imperfect multicollinearity.
Imperfect multicollinearity occurs when independent variables in a regression model are highly correlated with each other but not perfectly correlated. This can lead to issues such as inflated standard errors, unstable coefficient estimates, and difficulties in interpreting the significance of individual variables.
Robust standard errors, also known as heteroscedasticity-robust standard errors, are a method to correct for heteroscedasticity in regression analysis. Heteroscedasticity refers to the unequal variances of the error term across different levels of the independent variables. Robust standard errors adjust the standard errors to account for this heteroscedasticity, providing more reliable inference.
However, robust standard errors do not address the fundamental issue of imperfect multicollinearity. They only address the issue of heteroscedasticity and improve the efficiency of coefficient estimates. Robust standard errors cannot eliminate the problems associated with multicollinearity, such as biased coefficient estimates and difficulties in interpreting the individual effects of correlated variables.
To address the issue of imperfect multicollinearity, alternative approaches such as variable selection techniques, ridge regression, or principal component analysis can be employed. These methods aim to mitigate the impact of multicollinearity on the regression results by either selecting a subset of relevant variables or transforming the original variables to reduce collinearity.
Learn more about multicollinearity here:
https://brainly.com/question/32673135
#SPJ11
If an insurance consultant secures a contract for services from an insured, the consultant must retain a copy of the contract for a MinMum of: A. 1 year B. 2 years C. 3 years D. 5 years
When an insurance consultant obtains a service contract from an insured party, it is necessary for the consultant to keep a duplicate of the agreement on file for at least three years. The correct answer is option C
What is an Insurance Contract?An insurance contract is a binding arrangement between two entities that holds legal validity. The agreement includes the insurer's pledge to compensate the insured party for losses incurred in exchange for premiums paid by the insured party.
This legal agreement includes the terms and conditions of the insurance coverage provided by the insurer, as well as the responsibilities and duties of both the insurer and the insured party.Insurance policies are classified as unilateral contracts, as only the insurer is bound to its terms and conditions.
A consultant is an individual who offers specialized guidance or expertise in a specific area or industry.The insurance consultant must keep a copy of the contract for a minimum of three years in the situation described in the question. The length of time the consultant must maintain the contract is determined by law, so it is important to adhere to the regulations.
Learn more about contract :
https://brainly.com/question/27899951
#SPJ11
SECTION B
QUESTION ONE (1)
a) Performance management is about developing as well as
accessing performance. Give your opinion.
PLEASE I NEED SHORT ANSWERS
a) Performance management is not only about assessing performance but also about fostering development and improvement.
In my opinion, performance management goes beyond merely evaluating an employee's performance. It involves a comprehensive approach that includes setting clear performance expectations, providing regular feedback, identifying areas for improvement, and creating opportunities for growth. By focusing on development, organizations can empower their employees to reach their full potential and enhance their skills. Additionally, performance management should encompass training and development programs, mentoring, coaching, and career progression opportunities. By investing in employee growth, organizations can create a culture of continuous learning and improvement. In summary, performance management is a holistic approach that not only evaluates performance but also aims to develop individuals, nurture their potential, and foster a culture of growth and improvement within an organization.
To learn more about Performance management, Click here:
https://brainly.com/question/33028404
#SPJ11
Computing COGM and COGS Acronyms: The following cost information are gathered from Drusilla Inc. for the month ended June 30: BWIP Beginning Work-in-process inventory Costs of direct materials used in production process $1,250,000 EWIP Ending Work-in-process inventory Direct labor costs 1,100,000 BFG Beginning Finished Goods inventory Total costs of factory overhead 520,000 EFG Ending Finished Goods inventory Work-in-process inventory, June 1 418,000 Work-in-process inventory, June 30 375,000 Finished goods inventory, June 1 148,000 Finished goods inventory, June 30 137,000 Selling expenses 150,000 Adminsitrative expenses 80,000 Required: Determine the following: a. Costs of goods manufactured b. COGS c. Period costs Use the formats below to organize your data and compute your answer. Use Excel Formula. Solution a. COGM = BWIP + Manufacturing costs incurred - EWIP Work-in-process inventory, June 1 Manufacturing costs incurred: Costs of direct materials used in production process Direct labor costs Total costs of factory overhead Total manufacturing costs in process Work-in-process inventory, June 30 COGM Solution b. COGS = BFG + COGM - EFG BFG Plus COGM Equals Costs of goods available for sale (COGAS) Less EFG equals Costs of goods sold Solution c. Period costs = Selling costs + administrative costs Computing COGM and COGS Compute the missing items from the COGM data for January and February: January February Beginning WIP 155000 ? Manufacturing costs incurred in the period 1325000 ? Total Manufacturing costs in the process ? 1520000 Ending WIP 165000 ? COGM ? 1395000 Fill your answers in the table below: January February Beginning WIP Manufacturing costs incurred in the period Total Manufacturing costs in the process Ending WIP COGM EX.15-16: Statement of Costs of Goods Manufactured (COGM) and Costs of Goods Sold (COGS) Cost data for Sanusky Manufacturing Company for the month ended January 31 are as follows: Inventories January 1 January 31 Materials (RM) $180,000 $145,500 Work in process (WIP) 334,600 290,700 Finished Goods (FG) 675,000 715,000 Direct labor $2,260,000 Materials purchased during January 1,375,000 Factory overhead incurred during January: Indirect labor 115,000 Machinery deprecistion 90,000 Heat, light and power 55,000 Supplies 18,500 Property taxes 10,000 Miscellaneous costs 33,100 Required: 1. Prpare a COGM Statement for Janurary. 2. Determine the COGS for January. Use the formats below to organize your data and compute your answer. Use Excel Formula. Solution: 1 Sanusky Manufacturing Company Statement of Cost of Goods Manufactured For the Month Ended January 31 RM/FOH Costs added COGM Beginning WIP Direct materials Beginning RM RM purchased Costs of RM available for use less Ending RM Cost of RM used Direct labor Factory overhead (FOH) Indirect labor Machinery deprecistion Heat, light and power Supplies Property taxes Miscellaneous costs Total costs of FOH Total manufacturing costs incurred in period Total manufacturing costs in the process Less Ending WIP Cost of Goods Manufactured (COGM) Solution: 2 Beginning Finished Goods inventory Plus COGM Equals Costs of goods available for sale Less Ending Finished Goods inventory COGS PR 15-5A: Statement of Costs of Goods Manufactured (COGM) and Income Statement for a manufacturing Company B. COGS The following information is available for Robstown Corporation for 20YY: A. COGM Statement Robstown Corporation Robstown Corporation Statement of Cost of Goods Sold Inventories January 1 December 31 Statement of Cost of Goods Manufactured For the Year Ended December 31, 20YY Raw Materials (RM) $44,250 $31,700 For the Year Ended December 31, 20YY $ Work in process (WIP) $63,900 $80,000 RM/FOH Coss added COGM Finished Goods (FG) $101,200 $99,800 Other Expenses Advertising expense $400,000 Depreciation expense - office equipment $30,000 Depreciation expense - factory equipment $80,000 C. Income Stement Direct labor $1,100,000 Robstown Corporation Heat, light and power - factory $53,300 IncomeStatement Indirect labor $115,000 For the Year Ended December 31, 20YY Material purchased $556,600 $ $ $ Office salaries expense $318,000 Property taxes - factory $40,000 Property taxes - office building $25,000 Rent expense - factory $27,000 Sales $3,850,000 Sales salaries expense $200,000 Supplies - factory $9,500 Miscellaneous costs -factory $11,400 Required: Prepare the following for Robstown for the year ended December 31, 20YY. A. COGM Statement B. COGS C. Income statement.
The COGM based on the information will be:
Work-in-process inventory, June 1 $418,000
Manufacturing costs incurred:
* Costs of direct materials used in production process $1,250,000
* Direct labor costs $1,100,000
* Total costs of factory overhead $520,000
Total manufacturing costs in process 3,288,000
Work-in-process inventory, June 30 375,000
COGM $2,913,000
How to explain the informationb. COGS
BFG $148,000
COGM 2,913,000
- EFG 137,000
COGS $2,838,000
c. Period costs
Selling costs $150,000
Administrative costs $80,000
Period costs $230,000
A. COGM Statement
Sanusky Manufacturing Company
Statement of Cost of Goods Manufactured
For the Month Ended January 31
RM/FOH Costs added COGM
Beginning WIP $334,600
Direct materials $1,375,000
Beginning RM $180,000
RM purchased 1,195,000
Costs of RM available for use 1,375,000
- Ending RM 145,500
Cost of RM used 1,230,000
Direct labor 2,260,000
Factory overhead (FOH)
* Indirect labor 115,000
* Machinery deprecistion 90,000
* Heat, light and power 55,000
* Supplies 18,500
* Property taxes 10,000
* Miscellaneous costs 33,100
157,600
Total costs of FOH 382,600
Total manufacturing costs incurred in period 4,842,600
Total manufacturing costs in the process 5,177,200
- Ending WIP 290,700
Cost of Goods Manufactured (COGM) $4,886,500
Learn more about inventory on
https://brainly.com/question/24868116
#SPJ1
1. Customer satisfaction is key in every entrepreneurship. Justify the statement citing examples from an enterprise of your own choice.
2. Explain five differences between transformational leadership and transactional leadership.
3. Describe any five characteristics of leaders applying relevant examples.
4. (a) Discuss the two broad categories of innovations. (b). Outline the four (4) requirements of a successful innovation process.
5. It is often said that "there is no better way to lead’’. Relate this statement to the context of any five factors that determine leadership.
6 (a) Demonstrate how dynamic entrepreneurship theory is applicable in your organisation.
(b). Describe the benefits to be accrued from entrepreneurship partnering.
1. Customer satisfaction is indeed crucial for every entrepreneurship as it directly impacts business success and growth.
2. Five key differences are: Vision and Inspiration, Relationship Orientation, Change Management, Employee Development and Long-Term Impact.
1. For example, let's consider an online retail company like Amazon. Amazon prioritizes customer satisfaction by offering a wide selection of products, competitive prices, and reliable delivery services.
2. Five key differences between transformational leadership and transactional leadership are:
a) Vision and Inspiration: Transformational leaders inspire and motivate employees by providing a compelling vision and fostering a sense of purpose, while transactional leaders focus on task completion and rewarding performance based on predetermined goals.
b) Relationship Orientation: Transformational leaders prioritize building strong relationships with their followers, while transactional leaders focus on transactional exchanges and meeting performance targets.
c) Change Management: Transformational leaders embrace change and encourage innovation, whereas transactional leaders focus on maintaining existing systems and processes.
d) Employee Development: Transformational leaders invest in developing their employees' skills and potential, whereas transactional leaders primarily provide rewards and recognition for meeting targets.
e) Long-Term Impact: Transformational leadership has a long-term impact on organizational culture and employee growth, whereas transactional leadership focuses on short-term goals and outcomes.
3. Five characteristics of effective leaders are:
a) Visionary: Effective leaders have a clear vision of the future and can inspire others to work towards that vision.
b) Integrity: Warren Buffett, the chairman and CEO of Berkshire Hathaway, is known for his integrity and ethical business practices.
c) Empathy: Satya Nadella, the CEO of Microsoft, is known for his empathetic leadership style.
d) Communication: Strong communication skills are essential for leaders to convey their vision, provide feedback, and inspire others. Indra Nooyi, the former CEO of PepsiCo, was praised for her excellent communication skills.
e) Adaptability: Effective leaders can adapt to changing circumstances, embrace innovation, and lead their organizations through uncertainty. Tim Cook, the CEO of Apple, has demonstrated adaptability by leading Apple through technological advancements and market shifts.
4. a) Incremental innovation involves making gradual improvements to existing products, services, or processes, while radical innovation involves creating entirely new products, services, or disruptive business models.
b) The four requirements of a successful innovation process are:
i) Resources and Support: Sufficient resources, including funding, skilled personnel, and technology, are required to support the innovation process.
ii) Open and Collaborative Culture: A culture that encourages open communication, collaboration, and idea sharing is essential for fostering innovation.
iii) Market Understanding: A thorough understanding of the market, customer needs, and emerging trends is crucial for identifying innovative opportunities.
iv) Continuous Learning and Adaptation: Organizations must have a learning mindset and be willing to experiment, learn from failures, and adapt their strategies based on feedback and market dynamics.
5. Five factors that determine leadership effectiveness are:
a) Context: The organizational and environmental context influences leadership effectiveness. Different situations may require different leadership styles or approaches.
b) Followership: Effective leaders understand and adapt to the needs, motivations, and capabilities of their followers.
c) Communication: Strong communication skills, including active listening and clear articulation of goals and expectations, are crucial for effective leadership.
d) Emotional Intelligence: Leaders with high emotional intelligence can understand and manage their own emotions and effectively connect with and influence others.
e) Adaptability: Effective leaders are adaptable and can respond to changes, challenges, and opportunities in a dynamic business environment.
6. a) In my organization, this theory is applicable as we constantly seek and exploit new opportunities, adapt to changing market conditions, and continuously innovate our products and services to stay competitive.
b) Entrepreneurship partnering offers several benefits, such as access to complementary resources and expertise, shared risks and costs, increased market reach.
Learn more about leadership here:
https://brainly.com/question/30502960
#SPJ11
What it is the importance of recruitment and selection and the
factors affecting it, its methods and how the issue of equal
opportunities is addressed in the process of recruitment and
selection?
Recruitment and selection are crucial processes in organizations as they directly impact the quality of the workforce and the overall success of the business. The importance of recruitment and selection lies in the following aspects:
1. Acquiring Talent: Effective recruitment and selection ensure that organizations attract and hire qualified and skilled individuals who possess the necessary knowledge, experience, and competencies to contribute to the organization's goals.
2. Retaining Talent: A well-designed recruitment and selection process helps in identifying candidates who fit the organizational culture and align with its values and goals. This increases the likelihood of employee satisfaction, engagement, and retention.
3. Enhancing Performance: Selecting candidates with the right skills and qualifications ensures that employees can perform their roles effectively, leading to increased productivity, efficiency, and overall performance of the organization.
Factors affecting recruitment and selection include:
a. Job Requirements: The specific skills, qualifications, and experience needed for a particular job influence the recruitment and selection process. Job analysis and job descriptions help in defining these requirements.
b. Labor Market Conditions: The availability of qualified candidates in the labor market, as well as factors like competition from other employers and industry trends, impact recruitment efforts.
c. Organizational Culture: The values, beliefs, and norms of an organization shape the recruitment and selection process. Hiring individuals who align with the organizational culture ensures a better fit and increases the likelihood of long-term success.
Methods of recruitment and selection include internal and external approaches, such as job postings, employee referrals, recruitment agencies, and interviews. These methods vary depending on the organization's needs, resources, and the desired pool of candidates.
Equal opportunities in recruitment and selection address the need for fair and unbiased processes, promoting diversity and preventing discrimination. To ensure equal opportunities, organizations implement measures such as:
- Using objective criteria to assess candidates' qualifications and skills.
- Establishing diverse recruitment panels to minimize bias.
- Implementing policies that prohibit discrimination based on factors like race, gender, age, or disability.
- Providing reasonable accommodations during the recruitment and selection process for candidates with disabilities.
- Conducting diversity training to create awareness and foster inclusive practices among recruiters and hiring managers.
Recruitment and selection play a vital role in acquiring and retaining talent, enhancing organizational performance, and fostering diversity and inclusivity. By considering factors such as job requirements and labor market conditions, organizations can design effective recruitment strategies. Methods like job postings, referrals, and interviews aid in identifying the right candidates. Moreover, addressing equal opportunities ensures fair and unbiased processes, promotes diversity, and prevents discrimination in recruitment and selection. By implementing these practices, organizations can build a talented and diverse workforce that contributes to their success and sustains a positive work environment.
To know more about Recruitment ,visit:
https://brainly.com/question/30166048
#SPJ11
Susan Manufacturing Inc. produces soap dispensers. The selling price is $13 per dispenser/
The variable cost of production is $5.80 per dispenser and the fixed cost per month is $ 12,000.
For November, the company expects to sell 3,000 soap dispensers.
Instructions:
Calculate expected profit. ()
Calculate the break-even sales. ()
Calculate the margin of safety in dollars. ()
The expected profit for November is $9,600. The break-even sales are 1,666.67 units, and the margin of safety in dollars is $17,333.29.
To calculate the expected profit for November, we need to subtract the total variable and fixed costs from the total revenue. The variable cost per dispenser is $5.80, and with an expected sale of 3,000 soap dispensers, the total variable cost would be 5.80 * 3,000 = $17,400. The fixed cost per month is $12,000.
The total revenue can be calculated by multiplying the selling price per dispenser ($13) with the expected sales (3,000), which gives us $13 * 3,000 = $39,000. Therefore, the expected profit can be calculated as follows:
Expected profit = Total revenue - Total variable costs - Fixed costs
Expected profit = $39,000 - $17,400 - $12,000
Expected profit = $9,600
To calculate the break-even sales, we need to divide the total fixed costs by the contribution margin per unit. The contribution margin per unit is the selling price per unit minus the variable cost per unit. In this case, the contribution margin per unit would be $13 - $5.80 = $7.20. Therefore, the break-even sales can be calculated as follows:
Break-even sales = Total fixed costs / Contribution margin per unit
Break-even sales = $12,000 / $7.20
Break-even sales = 1,666.67 units
Lastly, the margin of safety in dollars can be calculated by subtracting the break-even sales from the expected sales in dollars. The expected sales in dollars can be calculated by multiplying the selling price per unit ($13) with the expected sales (3,000). Therefore, the margin of safety in dollars is:
Margin of safety = Expected sales in dollars - Break-even sales
Margin of safety = ($13 * 3,000) - ($13 * 1,666.67)
Margin of safety = $39,000 - $21,666.71
Margin of safety = $17,333.29
In conclusion, the expected profit for November is $9,600. The break-even sales are 1,666.67 units, and the margin of safety in dollars is $17,333.29. These calculations help provide insights into the financial performance and risk levels of Susan Manufacturing Inc.
Learn more about profit here: https://brainly.com/question/32381738
#SPJ11
corporate finance emphasizes blank______, while financial accounting emphasizes blank______.
Corporate finance emphasizes financial decision-making and maximizing shareholder value, while financial accounting emphasizes the recording, reporting, and analysis of financial information for external stakeholders.
Corporate finance is a field of study and practice that focuses on the financial decisions made by corporations and businesses. It involves managing the company's capital structure, investment decisions, financial planning, and strategies to maximize shareholder value. The central goal of corporate finance is to enhance the value of the business and generate positive returns for shareholders. This field is concerned with evaluating investment opportunities, managing risks, raising capital, and making financial decisions that align with the organization's overall objectives.
Financial accounting, on the other hand, is primarily concerned with the recording, reporting, and analysis of financial information to external stakeholders such as investors, creditors, and regulatory bodies. It involves the preparation of financial statements, such as the balance sheet, income statement, and cash flow statement, following established accounting principles and standards. Financial accounting provides a standardized framework for reporting a company's financial performance and position, ensuring transparency and accountability to external parties.
While corporate finance focuses on decision-making within the organization to enhance shareholder value, financial accounting is more concerned with providing accurate and reliable financial information to external stakeholders. Financial accounting helps stakeholders assess the financial health and performance of a company, make informed investment decisions, and evaluate its compliance with regulatory requirements.
In summary, corporate finance deals with internal financial decision-making to maximize shareholder value, while financial accounting focuses on the external reporting and analysis of financial information for stakeholders outside the organization. Both fields play critical roles in understanding and managing a company's financial activities from different perspectives.
Learn more about Corporate finance here:
https://brainly.com/question/30397551
#SPJ11
In 1976, the state of Alaska established the Alaska Permanent Fund, valued at about $54 billion in 2015, which primarily uses the returns from investing the proceeds of the sale of oil to provide Alaska residents with dividends (averaging $1,365 over the past 15 years). The Permanent University Fund in Texas (valued at $17 billion in 2014) uses proceeds from the sale of oil leases and royalties on state land as endowment funds for several state universities. Assess these policies from the perspective of economic sustainability.
The Alaska Permanent Fund and Texas Permanent University Fund use oil investment profits to foster economic sustainability and benefit residents and institutions.
The Alaska Permanent Fund and Texas Permanent University Fund have promoted economic sustainability. Oil and gas leases and royalties have funded these programs for state people and education. Over the previous 15 years, the Alaska Permanent Fund has paid citizens $1,365 in dividends on oil sales. This approach has boosted Alaska's economy by allowing the state to give individuals more money. The Permanent University Fund in Texas uses proceeds from oil leases and royalties on state land to endow various state colleges. These funds support research, faculty, and facilities. It has allowed universities to focus on research and development, attracting investors to the state and encouraging economic sustainability.
Overall, both the Alaska Permanent Fund and the Permanent University Fund in Texas are policies that are aimed at promoting economic sustainability. They have provided both state residents and the education sector with funds derived from selling oil and gas leases and royalties. As a result, these initiatives have helped to boost the local economy, create jobs, and promote research and development in the state.
To know more about investment
https://brainly.com/question/29547577
#SPJ11
Dividends versus Capital Gains If the market places the same value on $1 of dividends as on $1 of capital gains, then firms with different payout ratios will appeal to different clienteles of investors. One clientele is as good as another; therefore, a firm cannot increase its value by changing its dividend policy. Yet empirical investigations reveal a strong correlation between dividend payout ratios and other firm characteristics. For example, small, rapidly growing firms that have recently gone public almost always have payout ratios that are zero; all earnings are reinvested in the business. Explain this phenomenon if dividend policy is irrelevant.
such as in the case of small, rapidly growing firms with zero payout ratios, can be exThe strong correlation between dividend payout ratios and firm characteristics,plained even if dividend policy is considered irrelevant.
Firstly, small, rapidly growing firms often require significant capital investments to fund their expansion and growth initiatives. By retaining all earnings and reinvesting them in the business, these firms can finance their internal growth without relying on external financing, such as issuing new equity or debt. This allows them to maintain control and flexibility over their operations. Secondly, these firms may be in industries or sectors that are characterized by high growth potential but have lower or uncertain cash flows in the initial stages. By retaining earnings, they can build up cash reserves to support future investments and cushion against potential downturns or unforeseen expenses.
learn more about correlation here:
https://brainly.com/question/32764767
#SPJ11
Refugees are us (RAU) is a not-for-profit organization that assists refugees with various services including language and cultural training, transportation, a food bank, and translation services. Some selected transactions for RAU are presented below. a. RAU received a $500,000 cheque from a local radio station. The letter that came with the donation says that it can be used by RAU on whatever needs are most urgent. b. RAU received a $150,000 donation from the Literacy Fund for a new homework assistance project. The project is expected to start in a few months. c. RAU received a $100,000 endowment contribution from Dr. Hook for a scholarship d. RAU received a donation of 4000 student desks for its homework assistance project from City Office Supplies Ltd. The student desks are valued at $150,000 and are expected to last 12 years. e. The city donated a tract of land, valued at $500,000 to RAU which plans to raise funds to contract a new center on the land. f. Assume that the homework assistance project is underway. The $150,000 in part b. has been spent on materials and a part-time instructor. g. Assume that at the end of the year, the endowment contribution in part c, earned $2,500 in interest. Dr. Hook had specified that the interest must be spent on future scholarships. RAU will wait until there is at least $10,000 in accumulated interest before distributing any scholarships. h. At the end of the year, RAU records depreciation on the student desks using the straight-line method. Required: Prepare the journal entries to record the above transactions on RAU's books using a. the deferral method, and b. the restricted fund method.
Deferral Method: The $500,000 cheque is recorded as deferred revenue. Restricted Fund Method: Donations are recorded in separate restricted funds, including the endowment, student desks, and land, while interest earned is recorded in an accumulated interest account.
a. Deferral Method:
To record the receipt of the $500,000 cheque from the radio station:
Cash $500,000
Deferred Revenue $500,000
b. Restricted Fund Method:
To record the receipt of the $500,000 cheque from the radio station:
Cash $500,000
Contribution Revenue $500,000
To record the receipt of the $150,000 donation from the Literacy Fund:
Cash $150,000
Restricted Contribution $150,000
To record the receipt of the $100,000 endowment contribution from Dr. Hook:
Cash $100,000
Endowment Contribution $100,000
To record the receipt of the student desks valued at $150,000 from City Office Supplies Ltd:
Asset - Student Desks $150,000
Restricted Contribution $150,000
To record the donation of the land valued at $500,000 from the city:
Land $500,000
Restricted Contribution $500,000
To record the expenditure of $150,000 on materials and instructor for the homework assistance project:
Expenses $150,000
Cash or Accounts Payable $150,000
To record the interest earned on the endowment contribution:
Interest Income $2,500
Accumulated Interest $2,500
(Note: The remaining transactions (f and h) do not require journal entries as they provide additional information about the expenditures and interest distribution, but no specific entries are required.)
Learn more about Deferred Revenue: https://brainly.com/question/14834977
#SPJ11
Karl Yates needs $9,000 to pay for the remodeling work on his house. A contractor agrees to do the work in 10 months. How much should Karl deposit at 6.3% in order to accumulate the $9,000 by that time? Karl should deposit $ (Round to the nearest cent.)
Karl Yates needs $9,000 to pay for remodeling work on his house. He wants to accumulate this amount in 10 months by making a deposit at an interest rate of 6.3%. The question is how much Karl should deposit in order to reach his goal.
To find out how much Karl should deposit, we can use the formula for compound interest:
A = P(1 + r/n)^(nt)
Where:
A is the future value (amount to accumulate),
P is the principal (initial deposit),
r is the interest rate (in decimal form),
n is the number of times interest is compounded per year, and
t is the time period (in years).
In this case, we know that Karl wants to accumulate $9,000 in 10 months, which is equivalent to 10/12 = 0.8333 years. The interest rate is 6.3% or 0.063 in decimal form. Since the question doesn't specify the compounding frequency, we'll assume it's compounded annually (n = 1).
Now we can rearrange the formula to solve for P:
P = A / (1 + r/n)^(nt)
Substituting the given values, we get:
P = $9,000 / (1 + 0.063/1)^(1*0.8333)
Calculating this expression will give us the amount Karl should deposit.
Learn more about interest:
https://brainly.com/question/33408039
#SPJ11
Firm A and B produce good x and the firms are in a normal form of price competition. Demand for good x is given as x = 8 − p where p is equilibrium price. Each firm can pick either K2, K4 or K6 for their price. If prices match, they split demand and if prices don’t match, then the firm with lowest price meets entire demand at their price. Payoffs are in terms or revenue. (All costs are Zero!). Draw the 3 × 3 normal form game and list all payoffs.
The 3x3 normal form game for price competition between Firm A and Firm B in producing good x is represented by the table, where each cell contains the payoffs (revenue) for Firm A and Firm B based on their respective price choices (K2, K4, K6).
| K2 | K4 | K6 |
-------------------------------------
K2 | (4, 4) | (3, 5) | (2, 6) |
-------------------------------------
K4 | (5, 3) | (4, 4) | (3, 5) |
-------------------------------------
K6 | (6, 2) | (5, 3) | (4, 4) |
In this game, the rows represent the price choice of Firm A, and the columns represent the price choice of Firm B. The numbers in each cell represent the payoffs (revenue) for Firm A and Firm B, respectively, based on their price choices.
For example, in the top-left cell, (4, 4) represents the payoffs for both firms when they both choose K2 as their price. Firm A and Firm B each receive a revenue of 4.
Similarly, the payoffs for other price combinations can be read from the corresponding cells in the game matrix.
To know more about payoffs, visit:
https://brainly.com/question/32992622
#SPJ11
On January 1. The Parts Store had a $480.000 inventory at cost. During the first quarter of the year, it purchased $1,620,000 of merchandise, returned $24.600, and paid freight charges on purchased merchandise totalling $39.100. During the past several years, the store's gross profit on sales has averaged 30%. Under the assumption the store had $2.030,000 of sales during the first quarter of the year, use the gross profit method to estimate its inventory at the end of the first quarter.
Ending Inventory | ........
The estimated inventory at the end of the first quarter using the gross profit method is $681,900.
To calculate the estimated inventory using the gross profit method, we first need to determine the cost of goods sold (COGS) for the first quarter. The COGS can be calculated by subtracting the gross profit from the sales. Since the gross profit is 30% of the sales, we can calculate it as 0.3 multiplied by the sales. In this case, the gross profit is $2.030,000 multiplied by 0.3, which equals $609,000.
Next, we can calculate the net purchases by subtracting the returns and the freight charges from the total purchases. The net purchases are $1,620,000 minus $24,600 minus $39,100, which equals $1,556,300.
Finally, we can estimate the ending inventory by subtracting the COGS from the sum of the beginning inventory and the net purchases. The beginning inventory is given as $480,000. Thus, the estimated ending inventory is $480,000 plus $1,556,300 minus $609,000, which equals $1,427,300.
Therefore, the estimated inventory at the end of the first quarter using the gross profit method is $681,900. This method assumes a consistent gross profit percentage and provides an estimate based on historical data.
Learn more about inventory here: https://brainly.com/question/31146932
#SPJ11
4. a) You have bought a Call spread with a bought strike of 40 and a sold strike of 50. Say whether the following are always positive, always negative, or does it depend on where the stock price is. 1.
Answer the question for the following: Delta, Gamma, Vega, and Theta. No need for explanations.
b) What happens to the Gamma of an at-the-money call option as it approaches expiration?
The Gamma of an at-the-money call option decreases as it approaches expiration. This indicates a lower sensitivity of the option's price to changes in the underlying stock price as time passes and expiration nears.
a) When considering a call spread with a bought strike of 40 and a sold strike of 50, the behavior of Delta, Gamma, Vega, and Theta depends on the stock price.
Delta: It depends on where the stock price is.
Gamma: It depends on where the stock price is.
Vega: It depends on where the stock price is.
Theta: It is always negative.
b) As an at-the-money call option approaches expiration, the Gamma decreases. This means that the rate of change of the option's Delta decreases as time passes and expiration approaches.
Explanation:
a) The behavior of Delta, Gamma, Vega, and Theta in a call spread with a bought strike of 40 and a sold strike of 50 depends on the stock price. Delta represents the sensitivity of the option price to changes in the underlying stock price, Gamma measures the rate of change of Delta, Vega indicates the sensitivity to changes in implied volatility, and Theta represents the time decay of the option value.
The values of Delta, Gamma, Vega, and Theta are influenced by the stock price relative to the strike prices of the call spread. The exact behavior of these Greek letters can vary depending on whether the stock price is below, between, or above the strike prices. Therefore, their positivity or negativity depends on the specific position of the stock price.
b) As an at-the-money call option approaches expiration, the Gamma tends to decrease. Gamma measures the rate of change of Delta, which represents the sensitivity of the option's price to changes in the underlying stock price. When an option is at-the-money, meaning the strike price is close to the current stock price, the Gamma is at its highest. As expiration approaches, the option's value becomes more sensitive to small changes in the stock price. However, as time passes and the option approaches expiration, the potential for significant stock price movements decreases. This leads to a decrease in the rate of change of the option's Delta, resulting in a decrease in Gamma.
Learn more about stock price here :
brainly.com/question/18366763
#SPJ11
T/F: as costs and skills needed for good research are beyond what small business can afford or use, marketing research is limited to large businesses.
The statement "as costs and skills needed for good research are beyond what small business can afford or use, marketing research is limited to large businesses" is False because marketing research is not limited to large businesses.
Even though marketing research can be costly and requires some skills, small businesses can still afford to do marketing research that can be helpful in achieving their goals and objectives.
When done properly, marketing research can provide a small business with information that can help it to make informed decisions about its target customers, products, services, and marketing campaigns.
Small businesses can take advantage of some of the more affordable and accessible marketing research techniques such as surveys, online research, and social media analytics.
Learn more about marketing research https://brainly.com/question/30651551
#SPJ11
Nominal GDP and Nominal GNP control for inflation.
a. No answer text provided. b. False c. No answer text provided. d. True
Inflation is only said to exist if there is an increase in money prices for some economic goods and services, and not on average.
a. False b. True c. No answer text provided. d. No answer text provided.
b. False: Nominal GDP and Nominal GNP do not control for inflation. They represent the total value of goods and services produced in an economy without adjusting for changes in price levels.
In order to account for inflation, one needs to use real GDP or real GNP, which are adjusted for changes in prices over time.
b. True: Inflation is said to exist when there is an increase in money prices for some economic goods and services. It is not based on an average increase in prices across all goods and services.
Inflation can vary across different sectors or categories of goods, and it is measured by tracking changes in price indices such as the Consumer Price Index (CPI) or the Producer Price Index (PPI).
To learn more about, Nominal GDP:-
brainly.com/question/28286810
#SPJ11
103 Field Workshop is located in Blaff, and has been tasked with repairing all B and D vehicles for the military units in the Durban area. They use a job-order costing system. During the month of May, the following transactions occurred:
a. Purchased materials on account for R296 700 .
b. Requisitioned materials totalling R245 000 for use in production. Of the total, R92 000 was for Job 58, R89 000 for Job 59, and the remainder for Job 60 .
c. Incurred direct labour for the month of R324000, with an average wage of R180 per hour. Job 58 used 800 hours; Job 59, 600 hours; and Job 60, 400 hours.
d. Incurred and paid actual overhead of R178 800 (credit Various Payables).
e. Charged overhead to production at the rate of R48 per direct labour hour.
f. Completed and transferred Jobs 58 and 59 to Finished Goods. g. Sold Job 57 (see beginning balance of Finished Goods) and Job 58 to their respective clients on account for a price of cost plus 40%.
Beginning balances as of 1 May 2018 were:
Materials, R23000
Work-in-process
Finished Goods (Job 57) R256000
Prepare the journal entries for transactions a through g.
In job order costing, products are made to order, and the direct material and labour costs of a specific product are traceable to it. In addition, indirect overheads, such as rents, are distributed to each unit based on a single overhead rate.
The direct material and labour expenses for the specific items are calculated first, and then the indirect expenses are added in order to arrive at the total expense.
The following journal entries may be prepared for transactions a through g.
Transaction a DR Materials CR Accounts Payable 296 700 (Purchased materials on account)
Transaction b DR Work in progress CR Materials 92 000 (requisitioned materials for Job 58)
DR Work in progress CR Materials 89 000 (requisitioned materials for Job 59)
DR Work in progress CR Materials 64 000 (requisitioned materials for Job 60)
Transaction c DR Work in progress CR
Wages payable 324 000 (incurred direct labour)
DR Manufacturing Overhead
CR Accounts Payable 48 x (800 + 600 + 400) = 57,600 (charged overhead to production)
Transaction d
DR Manufacturing Overhead
CR Various Payables 178,800 (incurred and paid actual overhead)
Transaction e DR Work in progress CR Manufacturing Overhead 48 x (800 + 600) = 67,200 (charged overhead to production)
Transaction f DR Finished goods (Job 58) CR
Work in progress (Job 58) - DR
Finished goods (Job 59) CR
Work in progress (Job 59) -Transaction g DR
Accounts receivable (Job 57) CR
Sales (Job 57) - DR
Accounts receivable (Job 58)
CR Sales (Job 58) -
Know more about direct material here:
https://brainly.com/question/26245657
#SPJ11
You are the financial director of WestCo Ltd, a company that is listed on the Alternative Exchange (AltX). Since listing on the exchange, the company has performed above market expectations and the company is considering listing on the JSE's main exchange in the near future. The board of directors have decided to embark on a plan of expansion, which will require an investment of R2 million. You have ascertained the following useful information:
1. When the company listed on the AltX, 500000 shares of R1 each were issued. The company plans to meet the dividend projections made in the prospectus by growing dividends by 10% per annum for the next two years and by a constant rate of 12% thereafter. The current dividend is R1 per share.
2. The average cost of equity for similar listed companies includes a risk premium of 8% and the beta of WestCo is approximately 1.25 times that of the market. The risk free rate is currently 5%.
3. WestCo has 100000 convertible preference shares in issue, each with a par value of R40 and a dividend rate of 7% per annum. The shareholders have an option to convert these preference shares into ordinary shares or to redeem the shares at a premium of 30% of par value in two years' time. The current return on similar preference shares is 11%.
4. The company has also issued 1000 debentures of R1000 each. There is no fixed redemption date and these securities carry a coupon rate of 20% per annum. The current return for this type of security is 15%.
5. The firm's target capital structure is 60% equity and 40% debt.
6. New investments are evaluated at a rate of 17%.
7. The current company tax rate is 28%.
Required:
Advise the company how the additional R2 million should be raised. All calculations that support your advice must be shown
To advise on how the additional R2 million should be raised, we need to consider the company's target capital structure and evaluate the various financing options available :
1) Equity Financing:
WestCo's target capital structure is 60% equity. Since the company plans to list on the JSE's main exchange, it can issue additional ordinary shares to raise funds. However, we need to calculate the cost of equity before considering this option.
2) Cost of Equity:
Risk-free rate = 5%
Equity risk premium = 8%
Beta = 1.25
Cost of equity = Risk-free rate + (Equity risk premium * Beta)
Cost of equity = 5% + (8% * 1.25)
Cost of equity = 5% + 10%
Cost of equity = 15%
Cost of issuing additional shares = Number of additional shares * Par value per share * Cost of equity
Cost of issuing additional shares = 2,000,000 shares * R1 * 15%
Cost of issuing additional shares = R300,000
Therefore, the cost of equity financing for the additional R2 million would be R300,000.
Learn more about financing here : brainly.com/question/10024737
#SPJ11
The full-time employees at Percy Enterprises work 8 hours per day, while the part-time employees work 4 hours per day. Percy has 2,000 full-time employees and 800 part-time employees. What is the number of full-time equivalent employees?
Answer:
The number of full-time equivalent employees at Percy Enterprises is 2,400.
Explanation:
To calculate the number of full-time equivalent (FTE) employees, we need to consider the total working hours of both full-time and part-time employees.
The number of full-time employees is given as 2,000, and they work 8 hours per day. So, the total number of hours worked by full-time employees per day is:
2,000 full-time employees * 8 hours/day = 16,000 hours/day
The number of part-time employees is given as 800, and they work 4 hours per day. So, the total number of hours worked by part-time employees per day is:
800 part-time employees * 4 hours/day = 3,200 hours/day
To calculate the FTE, we divide the total number of hours worked by the number of hours worked by a full-time employee in a day:
FTE = Total hours worked / Hours worked by a full-time employee
FTE = (16,000 hours/day + 3,200 hours/day) / 8 hours/day
FTE = 19,200 hours/day / 8 hours/day
FTE = 2,400
Therefore, the number of full-time equivalent employees at Percy Enterprises is 2,400.
Learn more about workforce calculations here: brainly.com/question/29219903
#SPJ11
A bond has a coupon rate of 8%, the equivalent market rate is 6%, the face value of the bond is $1,000, and the price is $1,175. How much can Gordon expect to receive in coupon payments each year from that bond and what would be the current yield? $1080;6% $60;6% $1000;8% $80;6.8% $1060;6.8%
Gordon can expect to receive $80 in coupon payments each year from the bond. The current yield would be approximately 6.8%.
The coupon rate of the bond is 8%, which is calculated based on the face value of the bond. In this case, the face value is $1,000, so the annual coupon payment would be 8% of $1,000, which is $80.
This represents the amount Gordon can expect to receive in coupon payments each year from the bond.
The current yield is calculated by dividing the annual coupon payment by the bond's current price and expressing it as a percentage. In this case, the bond's price is $1,175.
Dividing the annual coupon payment of $80 by the bond price of $1,175 and multiplying by 100 gives us a current yield of approximately 6.8%.
Therefore, Gordon can expect to receive $80 in coupon payments each year, and the current yield of the bond would be around 6.8%.
Learn more about face value here:
https://brainly.com/question/29634351
#SPJ11
Market Structure Analysis - Suggest how MyRepublic can compete
in the Singapore market based on the market structure for the
telecommunication retail market.
MyRepublic can strategically position itself to compete in the Singapore telecommunication retail market by focusing on differentiation and innovation. In a market structure that is typically characterized by a few dominant players, MyRepublic can differentiate itself by offering unique and innovative services to attract customers. By providing high-quality customer service, affordable pricing plans, and innovative products, MyRepublic can create a niche for itself in the market. Additionally, investing in advanced technologies and infrastructure can help the company deliver superior network coverage and speeds, giving it a competitive advantage over existing players. By continuously adapting to changing customer needs and preferences, MyRepublic can establish itself as a viable competitor in the Singapore telecommunication retail market.
In order to compete effectively in the Singapore telecommunication retail market, MyRepublic should focus on several key strategies. Firstly, the company should invest in building a strong and reliable network infrastructure to ensure seamless connectivity for its customers. This can be achieved by partnering with technology vendors and leveraging the latest advancements in telecommunications technology. Secondly, MyRepublic should develop innovative service offerings and pricing plans that cater to the specific needs and preferences of the Singaporean market. This can involve providing customized data and voice packages, offering bundled services, or introducing value-added services such as content streaming or cybersecurity solutions. Additionally, the company should prioritize customer experience by providing responsive customer support, simplified billing processes, and transparent communication. By differentiating itself through these strategies, MyRepublic can effectively compete against established players in the Singapore telecommunication retail market and attract a loyal customer base.
Learn more about support here: brainly.com/question/27942517
#SPJ11