Heat is transferred from the sun-warmed surface of earth to the cooler overlying troposphere via _______

The change in heat q for the aluminum cup is 141 J.  

A substance's heat capacity is the amount of heat needed to increase its overall temperature by one degree. The heat capacity is known as the specific heat capacity or the specific heat if the substance's mass is unity.

change in heat -

The amount of heat Q that is transported to create a temperature shift depends on the substance and phase involved, the mass of the system, and the magnitude of the temperature change. (A) The temperature change and the amount of heat transported are directly inversely related.

The answer's sign dig is determined by a calculation's lowest sign digits.

The solution will need 3 digits because the temperatures are provided with 3 significant digits and the specified heat has 3 significant digits (the mass has 4 significant digits).

31.91 g   * 0.903 J/g-C  *  (26.1 - 21.2 C) = 141 J

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The ratio of the number of turns in the primary and the secondary coil of a step-up transformer is 1 : 200.

The formula for calculating the secondary voltage in a transformer is: N = V = Where No and N are the primary and secondary coils' respective turn counts; V and V are the RMS voltages across the primary and secondary coils, and I and Is are the primary and secondary currents.

Calculation: Due to this:

The coil's N2 to Ns turn ratio is 1/20.

We understand that N=1/20 = 4/LP: Is = 20:1.

The transformer uses the following principles: A wire's magnetic field moves as a result of a changing current flowing through it. A wire exposed to a moving magnetic field will create a changing current.One of the coils produces a magnetic field that grows and contracts in response to the changing voltage of the AC when an AC source is connected to it.

In other words, the coil generates a growing magnetic field as the voltage across it rises. The magnetic field generated around the capacitor increases when the voltage reaches its maximum and starts to decline.

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_______________

h=7,5 m

g=10 m/s²

ρ=1000 kg/m³

_______________

p - ?

_______________

p=ρgh=1000 kg/m³ · 10 m/s² · 7,5 m = 75000 Pa = 75 kPa

Alice's speed relative to the water should be 0.6 m/s in order to target the spot 90 meters south of the starting point on the bank of the other side.

Relative velocity refers to the velocity of an object with respect to another observer.

Velocity is speed in a given direction and is a vector quantity.

There is relative velocity between Alice and the water.

Let Alice's velocity relative to the river be x

Time it will take her to cross the river = 45/x

The displacement of the river in that time is given below as;

Displacement = velocity * time

Velocity of river = 1.20 m/s

time, t = 45/x

d = 90 m

90 = 1.2 * 45/x

90x = 54

x = 54/90

x = 0.6 m/s

Therefore, Alice's speed relative to the water should be 0.6 m/s.

In conclusion, relative velocity is the velocity of one object from the reference point of another object.

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Answer:

212 pounds

Explanation:

477 nm / 180 nm/hr     *   80 #/hr = 212 #

The value is equal to 18.26*10^6 dollars/ounces.  

To find the answer, we have to know about the Cullinan diamond.

                     [tex]21.9 Ounce= 621.35g=400*10^6 dollars\\\\value=\frac{400}{21.9} *10^6dollars/ounce=18.26*10^6dollars/ounce[/tex]

Thus, we can conclude that, the value is equal to 18.26*10^6dollars/ounces.                  

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When the magnetic field is heading west and the electric field is pointing up, the wave propagation will be in the north.

How do we find out the direction of wave propagation?

Electromagnetic waves (EM-waves), as we are aware, are transverse. Electric and magnetic fields are both perpendicular to one another in EM waves (E⊥B).

Transverse waves are waves in which the propagation direction is opposite the direction of amplitude. for instance, gravitational waves, light waves, and water waves.

In this instance, the magnetic field is heading west while the electric current is pointing up towards the screen's layout.

∴ E x B = κ

where E= the direction of the electric field,

B = the direction of the magnetic field,

κ = at a particular point, the direction of propagation

The aforementioned equation is right-handed. When we put our finger towards ourselves (away from the screen) and curl it to the west, and the thumb will indicate the wave propagation direction ( north side ).

The propagation of waves in our instance is in the north direction.

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The amount of heat generated is 654.5 joules.

q=mCΔT

Given,

m=100, C=0.385  j ⁄ g · °c,  [tex]T_{1} =18^{0}C , T_{2} =35^{0} C[/tex],

q=100*0.385*(35-18)= 654.5 j

Heat is defined as energy that is transferred to or from a thermodynamic system by means other than thermodynamic work or the movement of matter (e.g. conduction, radiation, and friction). Similar to thermodynamic work, heat transfer affects a system's surrounds in addition to the system itself; as a result, it is not a characteristic of the system alone, even while it helps to change the internal energy of the system, which is a property of the system alone. This differs from the common linguistic usage of the word "heat" as a system feature in and of itself. The quantity of energy that is transported as heat in a process is the amount of energy that has been transferred minus any thermodynamic work that has been done and any energy that has been contained in the substance being moved.

How much heat in joules will it take to raise the temperature of a 100. 0 g piece of copper from 18°c to 35°c? the specific heat capacity of copper is 0. 385 j ⁄ g · °c

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117 m/sec is the speed of a transverse wave in a rope of length 3. 1 m and mass 86 g under a tension of 380 n.

The wave speed v is given by

v= √τ/μ

​where τ is the tension in the rope and μ is the linear mass density of the rope.

The linear mass density is the mass per unit length of rope :

μ= m / L = (0.086 kg)/(3.1 m)=0.0277 kg/m.

v= [tex]\sqrt{ \frac{380 N}{0.0277 kg/m}}[/tex]  = 117.125 m/sec (approx. 117 m/sec

In physics, a transverse wave is a wave whose oscillations are perpendicular to the direction of the wave's advance. This is in contrast to a longitudinal wave which travels in the direction of its oscillations. Water waves are an example of transverse wave.

Transverse waves commonly occur in elastic solids due to the shear stress generated; the oscillations in this case are the displacement of the solid particles away from their relaxed position, in directions perpendicular to the propagation of the wave. These displacements correspond to a local shear deformation of the material. Hence a transverse wave of this nature is called a shear wave. Since fluids cannot resist shear forces while at rest, propagation of transverse waves inside the bulk of fluids is not possible.

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The final velocity is v[tex]_{2}[/tex] =-0.2m/s , v[tex]_{1}[/tex] = -3.2 m/s

Given data,

Mass of glider A (M[tex]_{1}[/tex]) = 0.15 kg

Mass of glider B (M[tex]_{2}[/tex]) = 0.3 kg

Initial velocity of A (u[tex]_{1}[/tex]) = 0.80ms-1

Initial velocity of B ( u[tex]_{2}[/tex]) = -2.2m/s

Momentum and kinetic energy are conserved in elastic collision . So,

M[tex]_{1}[/tex]u[tex]_{1}[/tex]+M[tex]_{2}[/tex]u[tex]_{2}[/tex] = M[tex]_{1}[/tex]v[tex]_{1}[/tex]+M[tex]_{2}[/tex]v[tex]_{2}[/tex]

0.15×0.8+0.3x(-2.2) = 0.15v[tex]_{1}[/tex]+0.3v[tex]_{2}[/tex]

-0.54 = 0.15v[tex]_{1}[/tex]+0.3v[tex]_{2}[/tex]

Again if,

u[tex]_{1}[/tex]+v[tex]_{1}[/tex] =u[tex]_{2}[/tex]+v[tex]_{2}[/tex]

0.8 +v[tex]_{1}[/tex] =-2.2+v[tex]_{2}[/tex]

v[tex]_{1}[/tex]-v[tex]_{2}[/tex] = -3

Solving  for -0.54 = 0.15v[tex]_{1}[/tex]+0.3v[tex]_{2}[/tex] and v[tex]_{1}[/tex]-v[tex]_{2}[/tex] = -3 , we get

v[tex]_{2}[/tex] =-0.2m/s , v[tex]_{1}[/tex] = -3.2 m/s

Therefore,The final velocity is v[tex]_{2}[/tex] =-0.2m/s , v[tex]_{1}[/tex] = -3.2 m/s

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There will be no heat transmission, and the system's work is 25.27 Kj.

The calculation for total heat transfer and work production:

Provided,

The mass of r-134a = 0.7 kg

Initial pressure of the system, P₁ = 800 kpa

Initial temperature of r-134a, T₁ = 50°C = 273+ 50 = 323 K

Final pressure of the system, P₂ = 140 kpa

From the superheated refrigerant r-134a

P₁ = 800 kpa & T₁ = 50°C

the internal energy, u₁ = 263.87 Kj/kg &

the entropy, s₁ = 0.9803 Kj/kg .K

There won't be any heat transmission because the process is isentropic.

So, Q = 0 KJ

Due to the isentropic nature of the operation, the ultimate entropy is determined by

s₂ = s₁ = 0.9803 Kj/kg .K

From the r-134a superheated refrigerant

at P₂ = 140 kpa & entropy s₂ = 0.9803 Kj/kg .K

the internal energy,u₂ = 227.77 K/kg

The work on the system is provided by

W = m x (u₂-u₁)

W = 0.7 x(227.77 - 263.87)

W = 0.7 x (-36.1)

W = -25.27 KJ

A negative number means the system is doing the task.

As a result, there won't be any heat transfer, and the system will only have used 25.27 KJ of energy.

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Answer: D. They are the coldest stars.

Explanation:

[tex]\huge\underline{\underline{\boxed{\mathbb {EXPLANATION}}}}[/tex]

The heat capacity is given by the expression:

[tex]\longrightarrow \sf{\triangle Q= m \triangle C \triangle T}[/tex]

[tex]\longrightarrow \sf{Q= \: Heat}[/tex]

[tex]\longrightarrow \sf{M= \: Mass}[/tex]

[tex]\longrightarrow \sf{C= \: Specific \: Heat}[/tex]

[tex]\longrightarrow \sf{T= \: Temperature}[/tex]

[tex]\huge\underline{\underline{\boxed{\mathbb {ANSWER:}}}}[/tex]

[tex] \leadsto[/tex] When the [tex] \bm{heat}[/tex] is measured in the calorimeter, we obtain a value, and since we know the mass of the material and we control the change in [tex] \bm{temperature}[/tex] , we can then determine the specific heat "C" by simply remplazing in the expression.

The heat capacity of a material is its ability to absorb heat energy. There are different methods to determine the heat capacity of a material, depending on the specific conditions and resources available. Here are some common approaches:

It's imperative to note that heat capacity can vary with temperature, pressure, and other factors. Therefore, measurements or data should ideally be conducted or referenced within the appropriate range of conditions relevant to the specific application or analysis.

Magnitude of Net force Required to accelerate a 1200kg car uniformly from 0m/s to 27m/s in 10s is 3240N.

Force can be found out using the relation of Force, mass and acceleration.

The relation of Force, mass and acceleration is as follows:

∴ Force = Mass × Acceleration

⇒ Force = 1200kg × Acceleration

Given:

Mass = 1200kg

Final Velocity = 27m/s

Initial Velocity = 0m/s

time = 10s

Now, to find out the acceleration we can use the first equation of motion:

∴ Final Velocity = Initial Velocity + Acceleration × time                

⇒ 27   = 0 + 10a                  

⇒ a = 2.7m/s²        

Putting acceleration in the above mentioned equation,  

∴ Force = 1200kg × Acceleration

⇒ Force = 1200kg × 2.7

⇒ Force = 3240N

Hence, the net force required to accelerate the car uniformly is 3240N.

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The answer is 3240 N.

Intial velocity [tex]$\mathrm{u}=0 \mathrm{~m} / \mathrm{s}$[/tex]

final velocity [tex]$\mathrm{v}=27 \mathrm{~m} / \mathrm{s}$[/tex]

time [tex]$t=10$[/tex] sec.

Newton's first equation of motion

[tex]$v=u+a t$[/tex], here a = acceleration

[tex]$\mathrm{so}_{0}=(v-u) / t$[/tex]

[tex]$a=(27.0-0) / 10$[/tex]

[tex]$a=2.7 \mathrm{~m} / \mathrm{sec}^{2}$[/tex]

Force [tex]$F=m a$[/tex]

Mass [tex]$\mathrm{m}=1200 \mathrm{~kg}$[/tex]

[tex]$F=1200 \times 2.7$[/tex]

[tex]$F=3240 N$[/tex]

What is acceleration?

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Answer: = 25. 5 m

Explanation:

Solve for C using Pythagorean theorem:

1. [tex]\sqrt{a^{2}+b^{2} }=c[/tex]

2.  [tex]\sqrt{22.2 m ^{2} +12.6m^{2} } =c[/tex]

3. [tex]25.52646 m= c[/tex]

∴ Magnitude of the vector is 25.5 m

Answer:

conservation law, also called law of conservation, in physics, a principle that states that a certain physical property (i.e., a measurable quantity) does not change in the course of time within an isolated physical system.

Explanation:

The definition of a conservation law in physics asserts that a certain observable attribute of an isolated physical system doesn't change over time.

Answer:

D

Explanation:

I would say much too small as there is a significant portion of the plant that is UNDER water.....

    (  Really depends on how deep the water is...if it is shallow water it would be just a little too small)

When charging a system with vapor refrigerant from a refrigerant cylinder the cylinder will become cold .

What is a refrigerant charging cylinder used for?

What type of refrigerant can be added as a liquid or a vapor?

Blends like R410a or 404a must be added to a system as a liquid. Pure refrigerants like R22 can be added in liquid or vapor states.

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Answer:

elastic energy

Explanation:

hope it helps you

Similarities between the compass needle (magnetism) and a charge to probe the electric field (electricity) is that Electric fields are produced by two kinds of charges, positive and negative similarly Magnetic fields are associated with two magnetic poles

Magnetic Field is the region around a magnetic material or a moving electric charge within which the force of magnetism acts. A pictorial representation of the magnetic field which describes how a magnetic force is distributed within and around a magnetic material.

Electric field, an electric property associated with each point in space when charge is present in any form. The magnitude and direction of the electric field are expressed by the value of E, called electric field strength or electric field intensity or simply the electric field.

Electric fields are produced by two kinds of charges, positive and negative. Magnetic fields are associated with two magnetic poles, north and south, although they are also produced by charges (but moving charges).

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An electric dipole consists of a particle with a charge of 6 x 10⁻⁶ c at the origin and a particle with a charge of –6 x 10⁻⁶ c on the x axis at x = 3 x 10⁻³ m. Its dipole moment is 18 x 10⁻⁹ Cm

Dipole moment of a dipole is dependent on the charge of the dipole and the distance between the two charges.

Electric Dipole consists of two charges which are equal and opposite in charge i.e. positive and negative charges.

Given,

Dipole moment, p = ?

Charge, q = 6 x 10⁻⁶C

Distance between charges, d = 3 x 10⁻³ m

Dipole moment (p) is given by:

p = charge x distance between the two charges

p = 6 x 10⁻⁶ x 3 x 10⁻³ Cm

p = 18 x 10⁻⁹ Cm

The dipole moment for the given charge configuration is 18 x 10⁻⁹ Cm

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The Potential at the origin due to the four point charges located at  (0, 2), (0, -2), (2 , 0), and (-2 , 0) will be - [tex]45\times10^{4}[/tex] volts.

We have four point charges, each of charge [tex]2.5\times10^{-5}[/tex] C, are located on the x - axis and y - axis, one at each of the locations (0, 2), (0, -2), (2 , 0), and (-2 , 0).

We have to calculate the potential at the origin O(0,0).

The Electric field potential due to point charge ' q ' at a distance ' r ' meters apart is -

[tex]V(r) = \frac{1}{4\pi\epsilon_{o} } \frac{q}{r}[/tex]

Now, in the question given to us -

q = [tex]2.5\times10^{-5}[/tex]

Let us label the four points as - A (0, 2), B (0, -2), C (2 , 0), and D (-2 , 0).

Now, the potential due to charge located at point A will be -

[tex]V_{A} = \frac{1}{4\pi\epsilon_{o} } \frac{q}{r}\\V_{A} = \frac{1}{4\pi\epsilon_{o} } \frac{q}{r}\\V_{A} = 9\times10^{9}\times\frac{2.5\times10^{-5} }{2} \\V_{A} = 11.25\times10^{4}[/tex]

Now, the distance of the center from each point will be same = 2 m.

Hence, the potential due to each charge at the origin will be -

[tex]V_{A} =V_{B} =V_{C} =V_{D} = 11.25\times10^{4}[/tex]

Since, the potential is a scalar quantity, we can add the potential due to each charge using simple addition -

[tex]V_{A} +V_{B} +V_{C} +V_{D} = 4\times11.25\times= 45\times10^{4}[/tex] Volts

Hence, the potential at the center will be - [tex]45\times10^{4}[/tex] volts.

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The wavelength of radiowaves is 3.042 m.

The electromagnetic spectrum's longest wavelengths, which are found in radio waves, are normally found at frequencies of 300 gigahertz and below.

Frequency given, f = 98.6 MHz = 98.6 x [tex]10^{6}[/tex] cycles/second

Electromagnetic waves including radiowaves also travel at the speed of light.

Therefore, c = 3.0 x [tex]10^{8}[/tex] m/sec

Wavelength = speed/frequency

wavelength of 98.6 MHz = 3.0 x [tex]10^{8}[/tex]/98.6 x [tex]10^{6}[/tex] meters

=3.042 meters

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The sum of vectors lie between 5 - 45

We all know that Vector is a quantity of Magnitude and Direction.

Couple of examples of Vector quantity are Acceleration, Displacement, Force, Momentum, Velocity

Let's solve the problem:

I A I is given as 20

I B I is given as 25

The sum of vectors lie between their maximum and minimum

Hence,

MIn < Sum of Vectors < Max

I A-B I < Sum of Vectors < I A + B I

I 20 - 25 I < Sum of Vectors < I A + B I

5 < Sum of Vectors < 45

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The 60 degrees is needed between the direction of polarized light and the axis of a polarizing filter to cut its intensity to one-fifth of its initial value.

It is given that axis of a polarizing filter to cut its intensity to one-fifth of its initial value.

It is required to find the angle between the direction of polarized light and the axis of a polarizing filter to cut its intensity to one-fifth of its initial value.

Suppose the angle between the polarizer and the axis of filter is θ.

The intensity of light that is passing after the filter is 0.2 l₀.

From the law of Malus, we have

I = I₀ [tex]cos^{2}[/tex]θ

0.2I₀= I₀ [tex]cos^{2}[/tex]θ

0.2 =  [tex]cos^{2}[/tex]θ

[tex]cos\\[/tex]θ = 0.447

θ = 60°

Thus the angle between the direction of polarized light and the axis of a polarizing filter is 60 degree.

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False; finding it would require much more than a few days of observation.

The Doppler approach is a reliable way to find exoplanets. It examines the velocity and characteristics of the star and planet using the Doppler effect. The star and the planet both revolve around the same mass.

The periodic velocity change of the stellar spectrum brought on by an orbiting massive planet is discovered using Doppler spectroscopy.

Doppler spectroscopy tracks changes in the host star's light's hue to find periodic shifts in radial velocity. A star's spectrum is redshifted when it moves away from us and blueshifted when it moves toward us.

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The final angular speed of the sphere is 4ω.

Angular momentum will remain conserved.

A spinning system's ability to conserve angular momentum ensures that its spin will not change until it is subjected to an external torque; in other words, the rotation's speed will not change as long as the net torque is zero.

Angular momentum is given by,

L = Iω

where,

L = angular momentum

I = moment of inertia

ω = angular speed

The moment of inertia of a solid sphere is,

I = [tex]\frac{2}{5} MR^{2}[/tex]

For the question,

L₁ = L₂

I₁ω₁ = I₂ω₂

Given,

R₁ = R

R₂ = R/2

ω₁ = ω

To find,

ω₂ =?

Substituting the values in the equation,

I₁ω₁ = I₂ω₂

[tex]\frac{2}{5}[/tex](MR²)ω = [tex]\frac{2}{5}[/tex] M(R/2)²ω₂

R²ω = (R²/4)ω₂

ω = (1/4)ω₂

ω₂ = 4ω

Hence, the final angular speed of the sphere is 4ω.

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4ω is the final angular speed of the sphere.

When a solid sphere of radius r rotates about a diameter with an angular speed w, the sphere then collapses under the action of internal forces to a final radius r/2, 4ω is the final angular speed of the sphere.

Angular momentum will remain conserved.

Angular momentum is given by,

L = Iω

where,

L = angular momentum

I = moment of inertia

ω = angular speed

The moment of inertia of a solid sphere is,

I = [tex]\frac{2}{5}[/tex][tex]MR^{2}[/tex]

For the given problem,

L₁ = L₂

I₁ω₁ = I₂ω₂

We are given,

R₁ = R

R₂ = R/2

ω₁ = ω

To find,

ω₂ =?

On substitution of the values in the equation,

I₁ω₁ = I₂ω₂

[tex]\frac{2}{5}[/tex](MR²)ω = [tex]\frac{2}{5}[/tex] M(R/2)²ω₂

R²ω = (R²/4)ω₂

ω = (1/4)ω₂

ω₂ = 4ω

Hence, we can conclude that the final angular speed of the sphere is 4ω.

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A solenoid with 500 turns is 0. 10 m long and carries a current of 4. 0. The strength of magnetic field at its center will be 2.5 * [tex]10^{-2}[/tex] H

Magnetic Field is the region around a magnetic material or a moving electric charge within which the force of magnetism acts.

A coil of wire which is designed to generate a strong magnetic field within the coil is called a solenoid. Wrapping the same wire many times around a cylinder creates a strong magnetic field when an electric current is passed through it. N denotes the number of turns the solenoid has.

Magnetic field at the center of the solenoid = mu0 * I * N / L

I = current in the solenoid

N = number of turns in the solenoid

L = length of the coil

B = 4π * [tex]10^{-7}[/tex] * 4 * 500 / 0.10

   = 251200 * [tex]10^{-7}[/tex] H

   = 2.5 * [tex]10^{-2}[/tex] H

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