Thermo-Electrochemical converter (UTEC) is a thermodynamic cycle that does not account for the Carnot Efficiency.
The Carnot cycle is a hypothetical cycle that takes no account of entropy generation. It is assumed that the heat source and heat sink have perfect heat transfer. The working fluid also remains in the same phase, as opposed to the Rankine cycle, in which the fluid changes phase. A practical thermodynamic cycle, such as the Rankine cycle, would achieve at most 50% of the Carnot cycle efficiency under similar heat source and heat sink temperatures.
What is Thermo-Electrochemical converter?In a two-cell structure, a thermo-electrochemical converter converts potential energy difference during hydrogen oxidation and reduction to heat energy.
It employs the Ericsson cycle, which is less efficient than the Carnot cycle. In a closed system, it converts heat to electrical energy. There are no external input or output devices.
This means there will be no mechanical work to be done, as well as no exhaust. As a result, Carnot efficiency is not taken into account in this cycle. Carnot efficiency is accounted for by other options such as turbine and engine.
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What was the possible impact of the maunder minimum on earth?
a) lower temperatures
b) higher temperatures
c) more hours of daylight
d) less hours of daylight
The possible impact of the maunder minimum on earth is a) lower temperatures
The Maunder Minimum, also known as the "prolonged sunspot minimum", was a period around 1645 to 1715 during which sunspots became exceedingly rare. During a 28-year period (1672–1699) within the minimum, observations revealed fewer than 50 sunspots.
The most recent grand solar minimum occurred during Maunder Minimum (1645–1710), which led to reduction of solar irradiance by 0.22% from the modern one and a decrease of the average terrestrial temperature by 1.0–1.5°C
During the Maunder Minimum, the Sun emitted less strong ultraviolet light, and so less ozone formed. The decrease in ozone affected planetary waves, the giant wiggles in the jet stream that we are used to seeing on television weather reports
correct option is
a) lower temperatures
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A fisherman's scale stretches 3. 2 cm when a 2. 6 kg fish hangs from it. part a what is the spring stiffness constant?
The spring stiffness constant is 796.25 N/m.
A spring's "spring constant" is a property that quantifies the relationship between the force acting on the spring and the displacement it produces.
The slope of the plot of the straight line W vs x represents the spring constant, K. Weight (W) is defined as mass times the gravitational acceleration (g), where g is equal to approximately 980 cm/sec².
Mass of the fish = 2.6 kg
Length of the fisherman's scale, x = 3.2 cm
= 3.2/100 m
= 0.032 m
We have to find the value of k;
We know that,
F = - kx
Where k is the spring constant,
F is the force applied over x
x is the displacement by the spring expressed in N/m.
mg = - kx
g = 9.8 m/s²
[tex]K = \frac{mg}{x}[/tex]
[tex]= \frac{2.6*9.8}{0.032}[/tex]
[tex]= 796.25 N/m[/tex]
Therefore, the spring's constant is 796.25 N/m.
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A stationary observer observes a spaceship fly-by. As the spaceship's velocity gets closer to the speed of light, the stationary observer:
A stationary observer observes a spaceship fly by. As the spaceship's velocity gets closer to the speed of light, the stationary observer would see the spaceship as being “blue-shifted” on the visible light spectrum.
This would also lead to the feeling of a faster time on the clock.
What is the Speed of Light?
This refers to the speed in which light waves propagate through different materials.
Hence, we can see that based on the fact that the observer is stationary and is observing a spaceship that is in outer space get to the speed of light, the stationary observer would see the spaceship as being “blue-shifted” on the visible light spectrum.
This is because the observer would come to the conclusions that the
Earth would appear blue-shifted its clocks would be moving more quickly than expected.
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Newton’s ____________ law of motion states that the acceleration of a person or object is proportional to the force applied to it and inversely proportional to its mass.
Newton’s second law of motion states that the acceleration of a person or object is proportional to the force applied to it and inversely proportional to its mass.
The earliest astronomical records appear to have been made by the ancient chinese, egyptians, and babylonians in order to?
The earliest astronomical records appear to have been made by the ancient Chinese, Egyptians, and Babylonians in order to determine when to hunt plants and animals
A conceptual investigation of the properties of astronomical records and the links that exist between various types of data yields an astronomical records data model.
The paintings on cave walls that date back 30,000 years are the earliest records of astronomical observations that we have. The night sky piqued their keen curiosity in the ancient Egyptians. They were particularly captivated by two bright stars that were constantly seen orbiting the North Pole.
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A glass fiber carries a light digital signal long distances with a minimum loss of amplitude. What optical property of glass allows this phenomenon?
Reflection is the optical property of glass that allows this phenomenon.
Reflection of light:Light can be carried along a distance within a transparent material by means of total internal reflection, with a minimum loss of amplitude.
(incident angle>critical angle light is reflected/bounces off)
When waves of light (and other electromagnetic radiation) come into contact with a surface or other boundary that does not absorb the radiation's energy, the waves bounce off the surface and back into space. The angle of incidence and angle of reflection are equal when light rays strike a flat surface, and the incident ray, the reflected ray, and the surface normal all lie in the same plane. There are three categories of reflection: glossy, specular, and diffuse.
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Our milky way galaxy is 100000 lyly in diameter. a spaceship crossing the galaxy measures the galaxy's diameter to be a mere 1. 0 lyly. what is the speed of the spaceship relative to the galaxy?
The speed of the spaceship relative to the galaxy is 0.99999995c.
A light-year measures distance rather than time (as the name might imply). A light-year is a distance a light beam travels in one year on Earth, which is roughly 6 trillion miles (9.7 trillion kilometers). One light-year equals 5,878,625,370,000 miles. Light moves at a speed of 670,616,629 mph (1,079,252,849 km/h) in a vacuum.We multiply this speed by the number of hours in a year to calculate the distance of a light-year (8,766).
The Milky way galaxy is 100,000 light years in diameter.
The galaxy's diameter is a mere 1. 0 ly.
We know that ;
[tex]L = L_0 \sqrt{1-\frac{v^2}{c^2} }[/tex]
L = 1 light year
L₀ = 100,000 light year
[tex]1 = 100,000 \sqrt{1-\frac{v^2}{c^2} }[/tex]
[tex]1 = 100,000 \sqrt{1-\frac{v^2}{(3*10^8)^2} }[/tex]
[tex]\frac{1}{100,000} = \sqrt{1-\frac{v^2}{c^2} }[/tex]
[tex]v = 0.999999995[/tex] [tex]c[/tex]
Therefore, the speed of the spaceship relative to the galaxy is 0.99999995c.
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Approximating the eye as a single thin lens 2. 75 cmcm from the retina, find the eye's near-point distance if the smallest focal length the eye can produce is 2. 20 cm.
The near-point distance of the eye is 11 cm.
What is the eye's near-point distance?The near-point distance of the eye is the closest possible distance an object can be from the eye in order for its image to be formed on the retina. It can also be termed the closest distance of accommodation.
The near-point distance of the eye in the given scenario can be calculated using the lens formula given below:
1/f = 1/v + 1/u
where;
f = focal length
v = image distance
u = object distance
From the data provided;
f = 2.20 cm
v = 2.75 cm
u = ?
Solving for u:
1/u = 1/f - 1/v
1/u = 1/2.20 - 1/2.75
1/u = 0.91
u = 11 cm
In conclusion, the lens formula is used to determine the eye's near-point distance.
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Imagine that heike onnes cooled mercury down to absolute zero and there was still resistance. would he have discovered superconductivity? yes, because he was working with mercury, which has superconductive properties yes, because he would have observed it at 4.2 k no, because superconductivity cannot occur in mercury since it is a liquid no, because superconductivity cannot occur if there is resistance
No, because superconductivity cannot occur if there is resistance
In addition to explaining electrical resistance, equilibrium distance theory also foretells the existence of superconductivity. According to its postulates, electrical resistivity decreases with distance from the equilibrium. There is only superconductivity at zero distance, with no resistance
What is Superconductivity ?The ability of some materials to transmit electric current with virtually little resistance is known as superconductivity.
This ability has intriguing and maybe beneficial ramifications. Low temperatures are necessary for a material to exhibit superconductor behaviour. H. K. made the initial discovery of superconductivity in 1911.Aluminum, magnesium diboride, niobium, copper oxide, yttrium barium, and iron pnictides are a few well-known examples of superconductors.Learn more about Superconductivity here:
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The quartz crystal in a digital watch has a frequency of 32. 8 khz. what is its period of oscillation?
Time Period of Oscillation-1/32800 Hz
Time Period of Oscillation - 3.04 × 10¹.
Two related parameters are oscillation frequency and period. Actually, they are the opposites of one another. As a result, the following formula can be used to determine the quartz crystal's oscillation period:
Time Period of Oscillation = 1/Oscillation Frequency
where.
Frequency of Oscillation-32.8 KHz
Frequency of Oscillation - 32800 H₂
Therefore
Time Period of Oscillation-1/32800 Hz
Time Period of Oscillation - 3.04 × 10¹.
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The time period of oscillation is 3.04×10
what is time period?
A time period (denoted by 'T'' ) is the time taken for one complete cycle of vibration to pass a given point.[1] As the frequency of a wave increases, the time period of the wave decreases. The unit for time period is 'seconds'.
The related parameters are oscillation frequency and period.They are the opposite of the another.As a result the formula to be used is
frequency=1/time
given:
Frequency of oscillation=32.8khz=32800hz
therefore,
time period of oscillation=1/32800hz
time period of oscillation=3.04×10
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2. A rectangular block of weight 300N measures 0.1 m by 0.4 m by 1.5 m.
a) Draw a diagram to show how the block must rest to exert the maximum pressure on the ground. Calculate this
pressure.
b) Draw another diagram showing the position of minimum pressure. Calculate this pressure.
Answer:
that's all I could do.hope it helps.
When we come out in the sun, we feel warm. How does the heat from the sun reach us?
Answer:
RadiationExplanation:
Greetings !The Sun reaches us by propagating through the vacuum of space. Sunlight reaches the Earth in about 8 minutes and 20 seconds. When this energy reaches the Earth's atmosphere, both conduction and convection play key roles to scatter it throughout the planet.
Answer: The heat from the sun reaches us through radiation and processes such as conduction and convection helps to scatter that heat on the surface of our planet.
Explanation:
The phenomenon behind the Sun's heat reaching us is radiation. It does this by propagating through the vacuum of space.
The amount of time it takes for the sunlight to reach us on Earth is approximately 8 minutes and 20 seconds. When it reaches our planet, conduction, the movement of heat or electricity through a medium or passage, as well as convection, the rising of hotter and less dense material and sinking of colder and more dense/denser material, helps to scatter the heat on Earth's surface.
A rock with a mass of 3 kilograms is put aboard an airplane in new york city and flown to boston. how much work does the gravitational field of the earth do on the rock?
The amount of work done by the gravitational field of the earth do on the rock is 29.4 d (J).
What is work done?Work is done when energy is transferred from one store to another.
Work is also done when a force causes an object to move.
The amount of work done by the gravitational field of the earth do on the rock is calculated as follows;
W = Fd
where;
F is gravitational force of the rockd is the displacement of the rockW = (mg)d
W = (3 x 9.8)d
W = 29.4 d
Thus, the amount of work done by the gravitational field of the earth do on the rock is 29.4 d (J).
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What must the charge (sign and magnitude) of a particle of mass 1. 45 g be for it to remain stationary when placed in a downward-directed electric field of magnitude 660 n/c?
The charge (sign and magnitude) of a particle of mass 1.45 g be for it to remain stationary when placed in a downward-directed electric field of magnitude 660 N/C is -2.19C
A particle with some charge moving in an electric field experience force due to electric field.
For the charged particle to remain stationary the force due to electric field and the weight of the particle should be equal.
Force due to electric field = QE
where, Q is the charge of the particle
E is the electric field = 660N/C
Weight of the particle = mg
where, m is the mass of particle = 1.45g = 0.00145kg
g is the acceleration due to gravity = 10m/s²
Hence, force due to electric field = weight of the particle
QE = mg
⇒ Q × 660 = 0.00145 × 10
⇒ Q = 2.19 C
Since the electric field is downward, hence to balance the charged particle, the force applied should be in the upwards direction. So, this is possible if the charge Q is negative.
So, the charged particle has a charge of -2.19C
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Two vectors have magnitudes of 10 and 15. The angle between them when they are drawn with their tails at the same point is 65. The component of the longer vector along the line of the shorter is?
Two vectors have magnitudes of 10 and 15. The angle between them when they are drawn with their tails at the same point is 65. The component of the longer vector along the line of the shorter is 6.33 .
A vector is a quantity or phenomenon that has two independent properties: magnitude and direction. The term also denotes the mathematical or geometrical representation of such a quantity. Examples of vectors in nature are velocity, momentum, force, electromagnetic fields, and weight.
The taller component will be 15 . There will be two components taller component , one in the direction of shorter component and other perpendicular to the shorter wavelength .
The component of longer wavelength in the direction of shorter will be
= 15 cos (theta ) = 15 cos (65) = 6.33
where theta is the angle between both the vectors
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An astronomer is studying galaxies of stars that are very far away and thus look extremely faint (using visible light). What kind of telescope should she and her graduate students apply for time on?
If the galaxies that are being studied are very far away, it follows that the telescope with the biggest aperture possible should be used.
What is a telescope?A telescope is a device that is used for the study of the outer space. The telescope can be mounted in an observatory and then used to observe the various galaxies that exist out there in space.
There are various kinds of telescopes that could be used for different kinds of studies that take place in outer space and these telescopes are quite responsible for the breakthroughs that we have so far experienced in the study of the occurrences in outer space.
Thus, if the galaxies that are being studied are very far away, it follows that the telescope with the biggest aperture possible should be used.
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Calculate the energy of the violet light emitted by a hydrogen atom with a wavelength of 410. 1 nm
The energy of the violet light emitted by a hydrogen atom with a wavelength of 410. 1 nm will be 4.85 * [tex]10^{-19}[/tex] J
Light energy is a form of electromagnetic radiation that comprises wavelengths that the common human eye can detect. Light is a type of kinetic energy. It consists of particles like photons, which have wave-like properties. It can affect the physiology of an organism, like photosynthesis or the sense of sight.
Energy = h*c / lambda
where
h = plank's constant = 6.626 * [tex]10^{-34}[/tex] J-s
c = speed of light = 3 * [tex]10^{8}[/tex] m/s
lambda = wavelength = 410. 1 nm = 410. 1 * [tex]10^{-9}[/tex] m
Energy = 6.626 * [tex]10^{-34}[/tex] * 3 * [tex]10^{8}[/tex] / 410. 1 * [tex]10^{-9}[/tex]
= 4.85 * [tex]10^{-19}[/tex] J
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John and henry are both workers at a retail store. their direct supervisor has told them to maintain quick service above all else. later, their customer relations director tells them that they should always work to maintain excellent customer service above all else. both john and henry are confused as to what their priorities should be. this is an example of a conflict based on ______. a. personality differences b. power struggle c. poor communication d. jealousy please select the best answer from the choices provided a b c d
Poor communication
This is an example of a conflict based on poor communication. Because of the reason is that in customer service a person should have skills to communicate in a good manner. It is important because if the person has this skill that he can communicate with others best.
Then he can impress the customer and realize customer about the qualities of their product. In every kind of business, communication skills play major role. Therefore, both john and Henry are confused as their priorities should be on focus to improve their communication skills.
What is poor communication ?When there is a disconnect between what is said and what is heard, poor communication frequently results. In other words, the individual to whom the communication is being directed misinterprets what you are trying to convey. There is no longer mutual understanding.
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Write an expression for elastic potential energy of a spring?
[tex]\huge\underline{\underline{\boxed{\mathbb {SOLUTION:}}}}[/tex]
[tex]\leadsto[/tex] The elastic potential energy of a spring can be said to be the energy possessed by a spring due to a force that compresses or stretches the spring. This can also be said to be the work which is done by the applied force against the restoring force of the spring, which is stored as the elastic potential energy.
The elastic potential of a spring can be expressed as:
▪ [tex]\longrightarrow \sf{PE= \: \dfrac{1}{2} kx}[/tex]
[tex]\huge\underline{\underline{\boxed{\mathbb {ANSWER:}}}}[/tex]
[tex] \bm{PE= \: \dfrac{1}{2} kx}[/tex]
The mechanical energy of a system of objects is conserved: Group of answer choices only when the objects move along closed paths none of the above only when the work done by the resultant external force is zero only when external forces act on the objects always
The mechanical energy of a system of objects is conserved only when the work done by the resultant external force is zero.
What is mechanical energy?Mechanical energy is a special class of energy that an object contains due to its relative position or motion/movement level.
This type of energy (mechanical energy) is associated with both kinetic motion energy and potential (stored) energy.
In conclusion, the mechanical energy of a system of objects is conserved only when the work done by the resultant external force is zero.
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a man uses a 900 watt electric iron to press his clothes for an average of 4 hours a week for five weeks if the cost of an electric energy is 3 Kobo per unit calculate the cost of electric energy for pressing
Answer:
[tex] \boxed{\sf54 \: kobo}[/tex]
Explanation:
Energy = Power × Time
Energy = 900× 4 ×5 = 18000 wh
Energy = 18000 wh = 18 kwh
Cost of 1 unit electricity = 3 kobo
cost of 18 unit electricity= 18 × 3 = 54 kobo
Answer:
54 Kobo
Explanation:
Units of electricity are measured in kilowatt hours (kWh).
Given information:
900 watt electric ironAppliance usage = 4 hours a week for 5 weeksUnit cost of electricity = 3 Kobo per kWhStep 1Convert the wattage of the electric iron from watts to kilowatts.
1000 watts (W) = 1 kilowatt (kW)
⇒ 900 watts = 1 ÷ 1000 = 0.9 kilowatts
This means that the power consumption of the electric iron is 0.9 kW per hour of use.
Step 2Total hours spent pressing clothes:
= 4 hours per week for 5 weeks
= 4 × 5
= 20 hours
Total power consumption:
= number of kW × number of hours
= 0.9 × 20
= 18 kWh
Step 3To find the total cost, multiply the total kWh by the cost per kWh:
⇒ Cost = 18 × 3 = 54 Kobo
How much work is needed to stretch this spring a distance of 5. 0 cm , starting with it unstretched?
The work done by the unstretched spring is 5 J.
What is the Hooke's law?Hooke's law states that the extension of a given material is directly proportional to the force applied as log as the elastic limit is not exceeded. Thus we have to know that; F = Ke
F = force applied
K = force constant
e = extension
Using the graph;
K = F/e
F = 200N
e = 5 cm or 5 * 10^-2 m
K = 200N/ 5 * 10^-2 m
K = 4000 N/m
Now;
Work = 1/2Ke^2
Work = 0.5 * 4000 N/m * (5 * 10^-2 m)^2
Work = 5 J
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Select the correct answer from the drop-down menu. anne applies a force on a toy car and makes it move forward. what can be said about the forces acting on the toy car at the moment anne applies the force? the forces acting on the toy car are .
Answer:
The forces could be gravity, friction between the car and the ground, the force Katie is applying and the normal reaction.
When a flashlight is operated, what is being used up: battery current, battery voltage, battery energy, battery power, or battery resistance? explain
It is the battery energy that is being depleted.
To find the answer, we need to know about the, battery energy.
What is battery energy?Charges have a significant potential energy as they exit the battery terminal. The potential energy of the charges is then lost when they pass through the flashlight bulb. By reducing its chemical potential energy, the battery uses a chemical reaction to replace the potential energy of the charges. A battery can no longer provide potential energy to charges after it is depleted.Thus, we can conclude that, It is the battery energy that is being depleted.
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If the resistance in a circuit connected to a constant current is halved, how is the voltage in the circuit affected?.
Answer:
Voltage will be 1/2 original
Explanation:
V = I R if I is constant
V = k R now multiply both sides by 1/2
1/2 V = k 1/2 R <===== you can see the voltage is halved too
What do the mural paintings at dura-europos suggest was a component of the decoration of many late antique synagogues?
The mural paintings at Dura-europos suggested narrative scenes were part of the component of the decoration of many late antique synagogues in this type of context.
What is Mural painting?This refers to a type of graphic work which is usually done on walls, ceilings etc. This is usually done by a professional known as a painter and uses different techniques to get the right shades and shape.
This type of painting was used at Dura-europos in which different narrative scenes served as a component for the many late antique synagogues in this aspect and context of artwork present during that period of time.
This therefore makes narrative scenes the most appropriate choice.
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A basketball player has a 0. 603 probability of making a free throw. if the player shoots 10 free throws, what is the probability that she makes exactly 6 of them?
The probability that she makes 6 of them is 0.242
Simply put, the probability is the likelihood that something will occur. When we don't know how an event will turn out, we can discuss the likelihood or likelihood of several outcomes. Statistics is the study of events that follow a probability distribution.
A basketball player has a probability = 0. 603
The player shoots 10 free throws.
Let x be a random variable that represents the number of free throws made by a basketball player.
x ≈ Binomial (n,p)
p = 0.603
n= 10
P(x=k) = [tex]_nC_k p^k (1-p)^{n-k}[/tex]
P(6) [tex]= _1_0C_6 (0.603)^6 (1-0.603)^{10-6}[/tex]
[tex]=210 (0.048) (0.397)^4[/tex]
[tex]=210 (0.048)(0.024)[/tex]
[tex]= 0.242[/tex]
Therefore, the probability that she makes 6 of them is 0.242
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What is (a) the wavenumber and (b) the wavelength of the radiation used by an fm radio transmitter broadcasting at 92. 0 mhz?
The wavenumber and (b) the wavelength of the radiation used by an fm radio transmitter broadcasting at 92. 0 mhz will be 31.25 * [tex]10^{2}[/tex] [tex]m^{-1}[/tex] and 0.032 * [tex]10^{2}[/tex] m respectively
Forms of electromagnetic radiation like radio waves, light waves or infrared (heat) waves make characteristic patterns as they travel through space. Each wave has a certain shape and length. The distance between peaks (high points) is called wavelength.
Wavenumber, also called wave number, a unit of frequency, often used in atomic, molecular, and nuclear spectroscopy, equal to the true frequency divided by the speed of the wave and thus equal to the number of waves in a unit distance.
wavelength = ?
frequency = 92 m Hz = 92 * [tex]10^{6}[/tex] Hz
speed of light = 3 * [tex]10^{8}[/tex] m/s
speed of light = frequency * wavelength
wavelength = speed of light / frequency
= 3 * [tex]10^{8}[/tex] / 92 * [tex]10^{6}[/tex]
= 0.032 * [tex]10^{2}[/tex] m
wavenumber = 1 / wavelength
= 1 / 0.032 * [tex]10^{2}[/tex] m
= 31.25 * [tex]10^{2}[/tex] [tex]m^{-1}[/tex]
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At what distance from a 27 mw point source of electromagnetic waves is the electric field amplitude 0. 060 v/m ?
The distance from a 27 mw point source of electromagnetic waves where the electric field amplitude 0. 060 v/m will be 21.21 m .
Electromagnetic waves or EM waves are waves that are created as a result of vibrations between an electric field and a magnetic field. In other words, EM waves are composed of oscillating magnetic and electric fields.
The highest point of a wave is known as 'crest' , whereas the lowest point is known as 'trough'. Electromagnetic waves can be split into a range of frequencies. This is known as the electromagnetic spectrum.
c = 3 * [tex]10^{8}[/tex] m/s
∈ = 8.85 * [tex]10^{- 12}[/tex] [tex]C^{2}[/tex] / N/ [tex]m^{2}[/tex]
E = 0. 060 v/m
I = P / 4π[tex]r^{2}[/tex]
Also , I = c ∈ [tex]E^{2}[/tex] /2
[tex]r^{2}[/tex] = P / 4π I equation 1
substituting the value of I in equation 1
[tex]r^{2}[/tex] = 2 P / 4π (c ∈ [tex]E^{2}[/tex] )
[tex]r^{2}[/tex] = 2 * 27 * [tex]10^{-3}[/tex] / 4 * 3.14 * 3 * [tex]10^{8}[/tex] * 8.85 * [tex]10^{- 12}[/tex] * [tex](0.06)^{2}[/tex]
r = 21.21 m
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The direction of the net electric force that acts on an electric charge at every point of an equipotential surface created by other charges must be?
The direction of the net electric force that acts on an electric charge at every point of an equipotential surface created by other charges must be perpendicular to the surface.
A surface with an equipotential potential is one where all points on the surface have the same electric potential. This means that at every point on the equipotential surface, a charge will have the same potential energy.
The repulsive or attractive interaction between any two charged bodies is called as an electric force. Similar to any force, its impact and effects on the given body are described by Newton's laws of motion. The electric force is among the list of other forces that exert over objects.
On an equipotential surface , the potential difference between any two points is zero. So , the work done by the electric field on a test charge moving on the surface will be zero. Therefore , the electric field must be perpendicular to the surface at every point . Hence electric force must have the same direction , that is perpendicular to the surface.
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