If the pulmonary artery is blocked, blood would go back up to the right ventricle of the heart.
What is pulmonary artery stenosis?The pulmonary artery is responsible for carrying the deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle of the heart to the lungs to get oxygenated.
Pulmonary artery stenosis is a condition in which the pulmonary artery gets narrowed or blocked. Therefore, blood flow from the heart to the lungs is hampered.
This creates pressure on the walls of the heart. Also, if blood flow towards the lungs is hampered, the heart will not receive the required amount of oxygen. All of this will lead to damage to the heart muscles over the course of time.
Therefore, as a result of the pulmonary blockage, blood would first back up into the right ventricle.
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The pulmonary artery is the part of the circulatory system that carries deoxygenated blood. The blockage in the pulmonary artery will back up the blood into the right ventricle. Thus, option d is correct.
What is the right ventricle?The right ventricle is one of the chambers of the heart that is present on the lower side and pumps the blood with low oxygen concentration. It receives the deoxygenated blood from the upper chamber called the right atrium.
The deoxygenated blood from the body is collected by the pulmonary artery that passes it to the right ventricle of the heart. This then passes to the left atrium where the oxygenated blood is circulated to the body.
Therefore, option d. blockage in the pulmonary artery will move the blood into the right ventricle.
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Your question is incomplete, but most probably your full question was, As a result of a blockage in the pulmonary artery, blood would first back up into the:
a. aorta.
b. left ventricle.
c. pulmonary veins.
d. right ventricle.
The current preference for flat rather than tall organization structures is mainly due to a flat organization's ability to:________
The current preference for flat rather than tall organization structures is mainly due to a flat organization's ability to respond quickly to customer demands.
What is an organizational structure?Organizational structure is a system which gives an idea of how certain activities should be performed with the aim of achieving the objectives of an organization.The activities performed can be related to rules, regulations and responsibilities.The various types of organizational structures are Divisional, Network, Horizontal or flat, Hierarchical, Functional organizational structures, etc.In a vertical/ tall organizational structure, the CEO is at the top with various managements under him. It has large number of hierarchy levels.Whereas in horizontal/ flat organization, there is fewer management and mostly the employees make the decision. The levels of hierarchy are less in this type of organization allowing employees to make decisions to customer’s demands.Learn more about Organizational structure here:
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What would occur if a lipid-insoluble ca2 channel antagonist was applied to cardiac contractile cells?
What would occur if a lipid-insoluble ca2 channel antagonist was applied to cardiac contractile cells?
Independent of electrical stimulation, a2+ would enter the cell and encourage Ca2+ release from the SR to cause more frequent heart muscle contractions.
What is cardiac contractile cells?The majority (99 percent) of the cells in the atria and ventricles are cardiac contractile cells. During contractions that pump blood throughout the body, contractile cells carry out impulses. The conduction system of the heart is made up of myocardial conducting cells, which make up 1% of all cells. They are typically much smaller than contractile cells, with the exception of Purkinje cells, and contain significantly less myofibrils or filaments than contractile cells. Despite being specialized muscle cells, they perform many of the same tasks as neurons. The electrical impulse known as an action potential, which travels throughout the heart and causes cardiac contractions that move blood forward, is started and spread by myocardial conduction cells.
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Every year _______ species go extinct. a. 3 b. 72 c. 1000 d. 20000 please select the best answer from the choices provided
The experts calculate that between 0.01 and 0.1% of all species will become extinct each year. If the low estimate of the number of species out there is true - i.e. that there are around 2 million different species on our planet - then that means between 200 and 2,000 extinctions occur every year.
What is extinction?
Extinction is the termination of a kind of organism or of a group of kinds (taxon), usually a species. The moment of extinction is generally considered to be the death of the last individual of the species, although the capacity to breed and recover may have been lost before this point. Because a species' potential range may be very large, determining this moment is difficult, and is usually done retrospectively. This difficulty leads to phenomena such as Lazarus taxa, where a species presumed extinct abruptly "reappears" (typically in the fossil record) after a period of apparent absence.More than 99% of all species that ever lived on Earth, amounting to over five billion species, are estimated to have died out. It is estimated that there are currently around 8.7 million species of eukaryote globally, and possibly many times more if microorganisms, like bacteria, are included. Notable extinct animal species include non-avian dinosaurs, saber-toothed cats, dodos, mammoths, ground sloths, thylacines, trilobites and golden toads.Through evolution, species arise through the process of speciation—where new varieties of organisms arise and thrive when they are able to find and exploit an ecological niche and species become extinct when they are no longer able to survive in changing conditions or against superior competition. The relationship between animals and their ecological niches has been firmly established. A typical species becomes extinct within 10 million years of its first appearance, although some species, called living fossils, survive with little to no morphological change for hundreds of millions of years.To learn more about extinction: https://brainly.com/question/14482178
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Which of the following correctly describes the process of Translation?
I. tRNA anticodon bonds to mRNA codon
II. Ribosome bonds to mRNA strand
III. Ribosome reaches a STOP codon and detaches from the mRNA
IV. Each tRNA adds an Amino Acid to the chain as the Ribosome moves along the mRNA
V. Complimentary mRNA strand is made from DNA template
A. V, II, I, IV, III
B. II, I, IV, III
C. V, I, IV, III
D. II, IV, III, I, V
The correct option is B- II,I,IV,III represents the process of translation and V represents the process of transcription.
II. Ribosome bonds to mRNA strand
I. tRNA anticodon bonds to mRNA codon
IV. Each tRNA adds an Amino Acid to the chain as the Ribosome moves along the mRNA
III. Ribosome reaches a STOP codon and detaches from the mRNA
What is transcription and translation?Transcription is the name given to the formation of RNA from a strand of DNA, with the “copy” of the information contained in the DNA to the RNA. This process is extremely important, as the information transcribed to the RNA molecule is translated into the formation of proteins.
Protein synthesis (translation) takes place in the cytoplasm and consists of reading the mRNA. The process involves three steps known as: initiation, elongation and termination. Synthesis begins (initiation step) when the smaller subunit of a ribosome and a specific tRNA associate with an mRNA.
With this information, we can conclude that Transcription is the formation of RNA from a strand of DNA, with the “copying” of the information contained in the DNA to the RNA.
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Organisms that live in deciduous forests have developed unique adaptations that aid in their survival. which adaptation would be seen in the duckbilled platypus? a. the duckbilled platypus reaches an adult length of 3 to 4 feet. b. the duckbilled platypus lives near forests. c. the duckbilled platypus gives birth to live young. d. males have venom glands on a spur on their hind feet. please select the best answer from the choices provided a b c d
Option (B) the duckbilled platypus lives near water is the correct option.
Adaptations are certain modifications that an organism brings in itself to survive in the conditions around it. The duckbilled platypus lives close to a body of water as an adaptation to survive in the deciduous forests.
Why does a duckbilled platypus lives near water?
The semi-aquatic lifestyle fits the duckbilled platypus nicely. They dig burrows to protect themselves from predators and live in water. To protect themselves from dangerous predators, they reside close to water. They have a swimming-friendly sleek body, and their thick water-resistant fur acts as insulation against the changing temperatures in deciduous forests.
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The question is understood as
Organisms that live in deciduous forests have developed unique adaptations that aid in their survival. which adaptation would be seen in the duckbilled platypus?
a. the duckbilled platypus reaches an adult length of 3 to 4 feet.
b. the duckbilled platypus lives near water.
c. the duckbilled platypus gives birth to live young.
d. males have venom glands on a spur on their hind feet.
Please select the best answer from the choices provided a b c d
Scientists contend that humans and modern apes are related. What specifically does that mean?.
Assuming that you followed the parentage of people and primates, you would sooner or later show up at a common precursor that was neither a cutting edge ape nor a human.
What makes humans different from other Apes?People have an "S" shapes spine with a more limited straight firm more extensive more bowl-like pelvis. While Apes have a "C" formed spine and an introvert restricted pelvis.People knees are calculated inwards (valgus point - the point the femur makes at the knee) so the knee sits closer the focal point of gravity. The knee joints are bigger.Individuals have considerably more mind boggling types of verbal correspondence than some other primate species. We are the main creature to make and involve images for the purpose of correspondence. We additionally have more changed and complex social associations.To learn more about humans and apes from the given link
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The surface area of a cell increases proportionally to the radius?
The surface area of a cell is squared w.r.t its radius and not proportionally.
In general, all cells, whether prokaryotic or eukaryotic, must be tiny. Think about the dimensions of a normal cell. While not all cells have a sphere-like form, the majority do. A sphere's volume may be calculated using the formula 4πr3/3., whereas its surface area can be calculated using 4πr2. A cell's surface area grows as the square of its radius as the radius rises, yet its volume grows as the cube of its radius (much more rapidly).Thus, a cell's surface area to volume ratio drops as it grows in size. If the cell were in the form of a cube, the same reasoning would hold true.learn more about surface area here: https://brainly.com/question/6615047
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What explains why the abdomen of the drop keeping mosquito is cooler than the head
A Final statement or concluding statement
The mosquito uses evaporative cooling to stay cool. A noticeable temperature gradient can be seen along the mosquito's body as a result of the abdomen's temperature falling due to the retention of the fluid drop attached to it. They are able to avoid the harmful physiological effects of thermal stress thanks to this drop in temperature.
How does weather affect mosquito?Mosquitoes go dormant at 50 degrees or lower. However, the mosquitoes are not actually killed by the cold winter temperatures. Mosquitoes have established modifications that enable them to hibernate during cold conditions, as long as the temperature is within a typical range for your region. Some species, which would perish in the cold, have reproductive techniques that allow the eggs to live and hatch the next season when the weather warms up. Even in Alaska, mosquito problems exist.
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Boosting photosynthesis what are two reasons that research was significant
As the Earth continues to warm, we would expect mosquito-transmitted diseases to ____ range.
A. increase in
B. decrease significantly in
C. maintain their
D. decrease slightly in
Answer:
Option b
Explanation:
Hope it helps
brainlest answer pls
When circulating _____ levels are too high, production of parathyroid hormone is _____.
When circulating calcium levels are too high, production of parathyroid hormone is inhibited.
What is the role of parathyroid hormone in calcium metabolism?There are four parathyroid glands in the neck, behind the thyroid, which are tiny glands that emit the hormone parathyroid. The main way that parathyroid hormone controls blood calcium levels is by raising them when they are too low. This is accomplished by the way it affects the colon, bones, and kidneys.
The basic mechanism controlling parathyroid hormone is the parathyroid glands' negative feedback from blood calcium levels. High calcium levels in the blood restrict the release of parathyroid hormone, while low calcium levels in the blood encourage the secretion of parathyroid hormone.
I understand the question you are looking for is this:
When circulating _____ levels are too high, the production of parathyroid hormone would be _____.
A. glucose; inhibited
B. calcium; inhibited
C. calcium; stimulated
D. cortisol; inhibited
E. glucose; stimulated
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Any estimate of the heritability of a particular trait is specific to?
Any estimate of the heritability of a particular trait is specific to one population in one environment.
The degree to which genetic variations among persons may adequately explain the variations in their attributes is known as heritability. Characteristics like height, eye color, and IQ are examples of traits, as are illnesses like schizophrenia and autism spectrum disorder.Heritability, which is denoted by the statistic h2 in science, describes the proportion of a trait's variation that can be attributable to genetic variation. An estimation of a trait's heritability is particular to one population in a particular setting, and it might alter over time as conditions change.Between 0 and 1 heritability estimates are given. A heritability near to zero indicates that environmental variables, rather than genetic differences, account for the majority of variation in a trait among individuals. Due to their lack of genetic control, traits like religion or spoken language have a heritability of zero. A heritability near to one means that genetic differences account for almost all of the variability in a characteristic, with little to no influence from environmental factors. High heritability is a characteristic of many diseases, including phenylketonuria (PKU), which is brought on by variations (also known as mutations) in a single gene.learn more about heritability here: https://brainly.com/question/6965635
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Muscles are named according to their:____________.
i. location or number of heads.
ii. function or action.
iii. origin or insertion point.
iv. size or shape.
v. all of the choices are correct
Muscles are named according to their size, location, function, origin or insertion point. The location of muscles are named on the bases of their size and location such as sternocleidomastoid which is named after its origin ( on ster-num and clavicle) and insertion ( mastoid process).
Naming of the muscles after its function that allows a person to move speak and chew , they can control heartbeat , breathing and digestion.Skeletal muscles are attached to bones and helps in its movement , and perform involuntary function and cardiac contractions.
There are more than 650 muscles in human body such as smooth muscle, they perform variety of vital function.
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The tissue that makes up the spinal cord and brain consists of Multiple Choice neurons only. platelets and neuroglia. platelets only. neurons and platelets. neurons and neuroglia.
The brain and spinal cord are composed of neurons and neuroglia.
The central nervous system consists of the brain and spinal cord which is made of nervous tissue.
The nervous tissue comprises neuron and neuroglia cells. Neurons are cells that can transmit signals through action potential. There are three types of the neuronal present in the CNS. They are sensory neurons, motor neurons and interneurons.
The neuroglial cells are the supporting cells which possess many specialized functions to support, protect and nourish neurons.
There are six types of neuroglia cells present in the CNS. They are astrocytes, microglial cells, ependymal cells, oligodendrocytes, satellite cells and schwann cells.
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A client has undergone a left hemicolectomy for bowel cancer. Which activities prevent the occurrence of postoperative pneumonia in this client?
The measurable activities like Coughing, breathing deeply, frequent repositioning, and using an incentive spirometer are for preventing postoperative pneumonia. Hence, Option C is correct.
What is postoperative pneumonia?
Pneumonia is caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae leads to infection of the alveoli of lungs.
This type of pneumonia is a rare medical condition happens after local anesthesia has been given to a patient.
The primary causes are the amount of anesthesia given, poor handling of chemicals, the type of anesthesia given to the patient.
To prevent the occurrence of postoperative pneumonia are medicating the patient and use of incentive spirometer. Hence, Option C is correct.
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Your question was incomplete, so the probable question was
A client has undergone a left hemicolectomy for bowel cancer. Which activities prevent the occurrence of postoperative pneumonia in this client?
A. Administering oxygen, coughing, breathing deeply, and maintaining bed rest
B. Coughing, breathing deeply, maintaining bed rest, and using anincentive spirometer
C. Coughing, breathing deeply, frequent repositioning, and using anincentive spirometer
D. Administering pain medications, frequent repositioning, andlimiting fluid intake
The article explains that the plant tissue works like a one-way straw. Explain what this comparison means
Answer:
in all plants roots act like straws to absorb salts and mineral salts from the soil and this is why they work like one way strawsWhat is the maximum number of white blood cells allowed in a leukocyte-reduced unit of red blood cells?
Answer:
8
Explanation:
What is the number of white blood cells permitted in a unit of leukoreduced red cells? 8 g/dL owing to chemotherapy with a drug known to cause bone marrow depression and immunodeficiency.
In pns nerve fiber regeneration, how is a growing axon directed to its original destination?
In PNS nerve fiber regeneration, the growing axon is directed to its original destination because it grows within a regeneration tube.
What is PNS nerve fiber regeneration?The peripheral nerve system (PNS) regeneration refers to the formation of new nerve cells or their components due to injury or damage.
The PNS nerve fiber regeneration is associated to the reformation of new axons (part of neurons that bind to other motor cells) after these damages.
In conclusion, in PNS nerve fiber regeneration, the growing axon is directed to its original destination because it grows within a regeneration tube.
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The _____ reflects the electrical impulse of the heart emanating from the atria.
The P wave reflects the electrical impulse of the heart emanating from the atria.
This P wave is a summation wave which is an electrical activity that comes from successive signaling from multiple points, by causing wave-like contractions. These multiple points contain pacemaker cells that generate action potentials independently of the CNS.
The P wave is the first wave found on the electrocardiogram of a healthy individual. P wave render the voltage, which specifically triggers atrial muscle cell contraction. It is accompanied by the PR interval, the QRS complex, the ST interval, and finally the T wave.
When there is a rapid or slow heartbeat then it is easy to recognize it by looking at the intervals between the T wave and the P wave.
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Answer:
SA notes
Explanation:
Sudoriferous glands are under the control of the _____ nervous system and are located in the dermis
Sudoriferous Glands are under the control of the sympathetic nervous system and are located in the dermis.
Sudoriferous Glands are also called as sweat glands which are of two types Eccrine or Apocrine. These two reside within the dermis and consists of secretory cells and central lumen into which material is secreted.
The Sympathetic Nervous system is one of the three division of the Automatic Nervous System arises near the middle of the spinal cord in the intermediate nucleus .
Sudoriferous Gland are small tubular structures that is helpful in producing sweat. These are exocrine gland and produces sweat on epithelial surface through duct.
Eccrine are present everywhere except ear canal, prepuce, labia minora and smaller than apocrine and excrete directly onto the surface of the skin and its proportion decreases with the age.
Apocrine are found in the armpit, areola in the ear and the eyelids. the secretory portion is larger than the eccrine glands and secrete swear into the pilary canal of the hair follicle.
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In cells that are not dividing, chromosomes uncoil to form a tangle of fine fibers known as_________.
The correct word is chromatin.
What are chromatins?Chromatin is a mixture of decondensed chromosomes and proteins. The chromosomes are responsible for storing genetic information and transferring such from one generation to the other.
When cells are in active divisions, the chromatin condenses and the tangle of fine fibers become visible under the microscope as chromosomes.
Once active divisions are over, the chromosomes decondense back to their natural states.
Thus, in cells that are not dividing, chromosomes uncoil to form a tangle of fine fibers known as chromatin.
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What happens to acetylcholine (ach) after it is released from the presynaptic membrane?
The acetylcholine (ach) gets broken down and the choline is reabsorbed.
The presynaptic membrane formed by the terminal button of an axon which faces the cell membrane of neuron or muscle fiber. Axon may have infrequent branches which are called axon collaterals. Thus, axons and axon collaterals terminate in many short branches or telodendria.
The release of ACh transpire through Ca2+ stimulated docking, fusion, and fission of the vesicle with the nerve terminal membrane. However, the ACh, is an enzyme in the synaptic cleft as well as, ACh diffuses across the synaptic cleft.
When acetylcholine (ACh) is released from the nerve endings upon action potential-driven depolarization, triggers postsynaptic response.
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If you inoculate and incubate a pr-glucose and 24 hours later you observe that the medium has turned yellow, and that there is a bubble in the durham tube, you conclude that the bacteria are?
If you inoculate and incubate a pr-glucose and 24 hours later you observe that the medium has turned yellow, and that there is a bubble in the durham tube, you conclude that the bacteria are glucose + and gas +.
If an organism is skillful of fermenting the sugar glucose, then acidic result are seen and the pH indicator turns yellow. Escherichia coli is capable of fermenting glucose as are Proteus mirabilis (far right) and Shigella dysenteriae (far left).Bacteria can utilize a much greater variety of sugars, but given a choice prefer glucose. All bacteria produce gas when they ferment. That is indicated by a color change of a phenol red glucose broth from red to yellow.
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During the catalase lab, tubes containing which combination of enzyme and substrate will cause bubbles (product is water and oxygen) to form?
During the catalase lab, tubes containing which combination of enzyme and substrate will cause bubbles (product is water and oxygen) to form catalase and hydrogen peroxide
Depending on the concentration of hydrogen peroxide, catalase causes an initial rapid evolution of oxygen that lasts for two minutes or less. Following that, oxygen is released at a constant rate that gradually falls over the course of an hour.
Hydrogen peroxide, the enzyme catalase's substrate, begins to decompose into water and oxygen when it comes into contact with the enzyme. Since oxygen is a gas and wants to leave the liquid, it tries to do so.
Insufficient buffering causes the catalase reaction to diminish as hydrogen peroxide concentration rises. In addition, as peroxide concentration rises, the proportionality between the enzyme and oxygen released also tends to become less uniform.
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Dab most likely inhibits which reaction?a. phosphorylation of glucose. phosphorolysis of glycogen. export of lactate from cellsd. hydrolysis of glycogen
Dab most likely inhibits phosphorolysis of glycogen reaction.
What is phosphorolysis?Inorganic phosphate acts as the attacking group during phosphorolysis, which is the cleavage of a molecule. It's comparable to hydrolysis.A reversible process akin to hydrolysis where phosphoric acid behaves like water and produces phosphate as a byproduct.It's comparable to hydrolysis. Glycogen phosphorylase, which catalyzes the assault of inorganic phosphate on the terminal glycosyl residue at the nonreducing end of a glycogen molecule, is an example of this.The difference is that while reactions involving hydrolysis use water to split larger molecules into smaller ones, reactions involving phosphorolysis use phosphate to achieve the same result. The primary enzyme in utilizing the glycogen reserves in the muscle and liver is known as glycogen phosphorylase. It catalyzes the sequential phosphorolysis of glycogen to liberate glucose-1-phosphate.Learn more about phosphorolysis here:
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Enzymes are catalysts in reactions. what statements describe functions of enzymes?
Enzymes are catalysts in reactions. The following statements describe functions of enzymes:-
Enzymes assist in speeding up chemical reactions in the body.Enzymes function by reducing the activation energy of a reaction, hence increasing the rate of reaction. This is achieved through binding to a substance known as the substrate. The substrate binds to the active site of an enzyme. The active sites are clefts located on the surface of an enzyme and are made up of of amino acids from different parts of the polypeptide chain brought together in the tertiary structure of the folded protein. The substrate binds to the active site through noncovalent interactions which include hydrogen bonds, ionic bonds and hydrophobic interactions. Enzymes are not destroyed during the process, thus, a cell can reuse each enzyme constantly.To learn more about Enzymes here
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What other food groups or nutrients are lacking in mrs. f's usual diet? would you have given any of them a higher priority than protein? why or why not?
From the question it seems that Mrs.f has lack of protein in her usual diet which may cause problem for her .so the food groups and the nutrients which have high calorific value than protein or the food which which is very very high high in protein i would like to suggest her .
As protein plays a vital role in human body ,so everyone follows a diet which includes high protein in their day to day life .
What is Protein ?The protein is that we eat are made up of different amino acids . and these amino acids are what the body uses for various functions ,from certain hormones to building specific proteins within the body . there are 20 amino acids that make up proteins and each one is categorized as essential and non-essential .
Protein promotes the satiety , reduce risk of high blood pressure ,support injury recovery ,reduce the risk of developing sarcopenia and help to keep the immune system functioning .
The protein rich food are as follows :
1. lean beef : including leef bean in your diet not only provides your body with high protein but also provides nutrients like zinc and iron .22 grams of protein in a plate .
2. chicken : chicken packs a punch in the protein department .27 grams of protein in a bowl.
3.salmon : salmon may be the healthy fats that support heart health.19 grams of protein .
4.eggs : it has high protein value .6 grams protein per large egg .
5.peanut butter : peanut butter is a plant based protein .7 grams protein per 2 tablespoons .
6.lentils: they are not only loaded with protein but also they have properties like antioxidant ,fiber ,vitamins ,and minerals .18 grams of protein in one cup of cooked lentils.
7. other than that food like green vegetables which includes carrot, broccoli ( which is rich in calcium ,iron ,phosphorous ,potassium and zinc) .other like spinach ,avocado ,bell peppers ,meat liver ,fish oil ,bananas .
Also include much intake of water and minerals .
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Which of the following is the most likely way to catch the norovirus?
A. Eating foods after not washing your hands
B. Eating lunchmeat that has been left out too long
C. Eating shellfish that has not been cooked
D. Eating vegetables that have been in contact with manure
Fatty acids that are necessary for proper health but cannot be synthesized by the body are called ________ fatty acids.
Fatty acids that are necessary for proper health but cannot be synthesized by the body are called gluconeogenesis fatty acids.
What is gluconeogenesis?The process of producing glucose (sugar) from lipid (fat) or protein breakdown products, as well as from its own breakdown products. Gluconeogenesis primarily takes place in liver or kidney cells.The process of producing glucose in the body from non-carbohydrate precursors is known as gluconeogenesis. New glucose is produced by biosynthesis, not through the ingestion of carbohydrates. Lactate, pyruvate, glycerol (fat), and certain amino acids can all be converted into glucose (protein).Both the kidneys and the liver engage in glucose synthesis. Between meals, gluconeogenesis meets the need for plasma glucose. The hormones that cause diabetes encourage the production of glucose (glucagon, growth hormone, epinephrine, and cortisol). Glycerol, lactate, propionate, and a few amino acids are examples of gluconeogenic substrates.Learn more about gluconeogenesis here:
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The afferent arteriole is _____ in diameter than the different arteriole, so that glomerular _____ is relatively high.
The afferent arteriole is larger in diameter than the different arteriole, so that glomerular blood pressure is relatively high.
The afferent arterioles are a group of blood vessels that supply the nephrons in many excretory systems. They play an important role in the regulation of blood pressure as a part of the tubuloglomerular feedback mechanism.
The afferent arterioles branch from the renal artery, which supplies blood to the kidneys. The afferent arterioles later diverge into the capillaries of the glomerulus.
The glomerulus (plural glomeruli) is a network of small blood vessels (capillaries) known as a tuft, located at the beginning of a nephron in the kidney. Each of the two kidneys contains about one million nephrons.
The tuft is structurally supported by the mesangium (the space between the blood vessels), composed of intraglomerular mesangial cells. The blood is filtered across the capillary walls of this tuft through the glomerular filtration barrier, which yields its filtrate of water and soluble substances to a cup-like sac known as Bowman's capsule. The filtrate then enters the renal tubule of the nephron.
The glomerulus receives its blood supply from an afferent arteriole of the renal arterial circulation. Unlike most capillary beds, the glomerular capillaries exit into efferent arterioles rather than venules. The resistance of the efferent arterioles causes sufficient hydrostatic pressure within the glomerulus to provide the force for ultrafiltration.
The glomerulus and its surrounding Bowman's capsule constitute a renal corpuscle, the basic filtration unit of the kidney. The rate at which blood is filtered through all of the glomeruli, and thus the measure of the overall kidney function, is the glomerular filtration rate.
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