Air turbine starters are generally designed so that reduction gear distress or damage may be detected by producing sounds from the starter assembly.
What is air turbine?An air turbine are usually attached to engines such as a moving vehicle or turbines.
It contains compressed air that allows it movement and it can be used to start engines. The compressed air in the turbines allows it to produce energy called mechanical energy. In case of damage it is made to produce sound which serves as indicator.
Therefore, Air turbine starters are generally designed so that reduction gear distress or damage may be detected by producing sounds from the starter assembly.
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How do you fix this?
from random import randint
class Character:
def __init__(self):
self.name = ""
self.health = 1
self.health_max = 1
def do_damage(self, enemy):
damage = min(
max(randint(0, self.health) - randint(0, enemy.health), 0),
enemy.health)
enemy.health = enemy.health - damage
if damage == 0:
print("%s evades %s's attack." % (enemy.name, self.name))
else:
print("%s hurts %s!" % (self.name, enemy.name))
return enemy.health <= 0
class Enemy(Character):
def __init__(self, player):
Character.__init__(self)
self.name = 'a goblin'
self.health = randint(1, player.health)
class Player(Character):
def __init__(self):
Character.__init__(self)
self.state = 'normal'
self.health = 10
self.health_max = 10
def quit(self):
print(
"%s can't find the way back home, and dies of starvation.\nR.I.P." % self.name)
self.health = 0
def help(self): print(Commands.keys())
def status(self): print("%s's health: %d/%d" %
(self.name, self.health, self.health_max))
def tired(self):
print("%s feels tired." % self.name)
self.health = max(1, self.health - 1)
def rest(self):
if self.state != 'normal':
print("%s can't rest now!" % self.name)
self.enemy_attacks()
else:
print("%s rests." % self.name)
if randint(0, 1):
self.enemy = Enemy(self)
print("%s is rudely awakened by %s!" %
(self.name, self.enemy.name))
self.state = 'fight'
self.enemy_attacks()
else:
if self.health < self.health_max:
self.health = self.health + 1
else:
print("%s slept too much." % self.name)
self.health = self.health - 1
def explore(self):
if self.state != 'normal':
print("%s is too busy right now!" % self.name)
self.enemy_attacks()
else:
print("%s explores a twisty passage." % self.name)
if randint(0, 1):
self.enemy = Enemy(self)
print("%s encounters %s!" % (self.name, self.enemy.name))
self.state = 'fight'
else:
if randint(0, 1):
self.tired()
else:
if randint(0, 1):
self.fall()
def flee(self):
if self.state != 'fight':
print("%s runs in circles for a while." % self.name)
self.tired()
else:
if randint(1, self.health + 5) > randint(1, self.enemy.health):
print("%s flees from %s." % (self.name, self.enemy.name))
self.enemy = None
self.state = 'normal'
else:
print("%s couldn't escape from %s!" %
(self.name, self.enemy.name))
self.enemy_attacks()
def attack(self):
if self.state != 'fight':
print("%s swats the air, without notable results." % self.name)
self.tired()
else:
if self.do_damage(self.enemy):
print("%s executes %s!" % (self.name, self.enemy.name))
self.enemy = None
self.state = 'normal'
if randint(0, self.health) < 10:
self.health = self.health + 1
self.health_max = self.health_max + 1
print("%s feels stronger!" % self.name)
else:
self.enemy_attacks()
def enemy_attacks(self):
if self.enemy.do_damage(self):
print("%s was slaughtered by %s!!!\nR.I.P." %
(self.name, self.enemy.name))
def fall(self):
print(
"%s fell down a pit and dies.\nR.I.P." % self.name)
self.health = 0
Commands = {
'quit': Player.quit,
'help': Player.help,
'status': Player.status,
'rest': Player.rest,
'explore': Player.explore,
'flee': Player.flee,
'attack': Player.attack,
}
p = Player()
p.name = input("What is your character's name? ")
print("(type help to get a list of actions)\n")
print("%s enters a dark cave, searching for adventure." % p.name)
while(p.health > 0):
line = input("> ")
args = line.split()
if len(args) > 0:
commandFound = False
for c in Commands.keys():
if args[0] == c[:len(args[0])]:
Commands[c](p)
commandFound = True
break
if not commandFound:
print("%s doesn't understand the suggestion." % p.name)
Using the knowledge in computational language in python it is possible to write a code that was fixed;
Writting in python:from random import randint
class Character:
def __init__(self):
self.name = ""
self.health = 1
self.health_max = 1
def do_damage(self, enemy):
damage = min(
max(randint(0, self.health) - randint(0, enemy.health), 0),
enemy.health)
enemy.health = enemy.health - damage
if damage == 0:
print("%s evades %s's attack." % (enemy.name, self.name))
else:
print("%s hurts %s!" % (self.name, enemy.name))
return enemy.health <= 0
class Enemy(Character):
def __init__(self, player):
Character.__init__(self)
self.name = 'a goblin'
self.health = randint(1, player.health)
class Player(Character):
def __init__(self):
Character.__init__(self)
self.state = 'normal'
self.health = 10
self.health_max = 10
def quit(self):
print(
"%s can't find the way back home, and dies of starvation.\nR.I.P." % self.name)
self.health = 0
def help(self): print(Commands.keys())
def status(self): print("%s's health: %d/%d" %
(self.name, self.health, self.health_max))
def tired(self):
print("%s feels tired." % self.name)
self.health = max(1, self.health - 1)
def rest(self):
if self.state != 'normal':
print("%s can't rest now!" % self.name)
self.enemy_attacks()
else:
print("%s rests." % self.name)
if randint(0, 1):
self.enemy = Enemy(self)
print("%s is rudely awakened by %s!" %
(self.name, self.enemy.name))
self.state = 'fight'
self.enemy_attacks()
else:
if self.health < self.health_max:
self.health = self.health + 1
else:
print("%s slept too much." % self.name)
self.health = self.health - 1
def explore(self):
if self.state != 'normal':
print("%s is too busy right now!" % self.name)
self.enemy_attacks()
else:
print("%s explores a twisty passage." % self.name)
if randint(0, 1):
self.enemy = Enemy(self)
print("%s encounters %s!" % (self.name, self.enemy.name))
self.state = 'fight'
else:
if randint(0, 1):
self.tired()
def flee(self):
if self.state != 'fight':
print("%s runs in circles for a while." % self.name)
self.tired()
else:
if randint(1, self.health + 5) > randint(1, self.enemy.health):
print("%s flees from %s." % (self.name, self.enemy.name))
self.enemy = None
self.state = 'normal'
else:
print("%s couldn't escape from %s!" %
(self.name, self.enemy.name))
self.enemy_attacks()
def attack(self):
if self.state != 'fight':
print("%s swats the air, without notable results." % self.name)
self.tired()
else:
if self.do_damage(self.enemy):
print("%s executes %s!" % (self.name, self.enemy.name))
self.enemy = None
self.state = 'normal'
if randint(0, self.health) < 10:
self.health = self.health + 1
self.health_max = self.health_max + 1
print("%s feels stronger!" % self.name)
else:
self.enemy_attacks()
def enemy_attacks(self):
if self.enemy.do_damage(self):
print("%s was slaughtered by %s!!!\nR.I.P." %
(self.name, self.enemy.name))
Commands = {
'quit': Player.quit,
'help': Player.help,
'status': Player.status,
'rest': Player.rest,
'explore': Player.explore,
'flee': Player.flee,
'attack': Player.attack,
}
p = Player()
p.name = input("What is your character's name? ")
print("(type help to get a list of actions)\n")
print("%s enters a dark cave, searching for adventure." % p.name)
while(p.health > 0):
line = input("> ")
args = line.split()
if len(args) > 0:
commandFound = False
for c in Commands.keys():
if args[0] == c[:len(args[0])]:
Commands[c](p)
commandFound = True
break
if not commandFound:
print("%s doesn't understand the suggestion." % p.name)
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When measuring the resistance of an electrical load, connect the meter ____ the load.
Answer:
multimeter
Explanation: in parallel
3. Write the differential equation xy + y² = 0 in differential form. E. Write the differential equation (y)2 - 5y + 6 = (x+y)(y-2) in standard form.
The differential equation x · y' + y² = 0 in differential form is x · dy + y² · dx = 0.
The standard form of the differential equation (y')² - 5 · (y') + 6 = (x + y) · (y' - 2) is the equation y' - y - 3 = x.
How to analyze ordinary differential equations
In the first part of this problem we have a nonlinear diferential equation of the form f(x, y, y') = 0, which has to be changed into diferential form, defined below:
M(x, y) dx + N(x, y) dy = 0, where y' = dy / dx. (1)
Now we proceed to work on the ordinary differential equation:
x · y' + y² = 0
x · y' = - y²
x · (dy / dx) = - y²
x · dy = - y² · dx
x · dy + y² · dx = 0
The differential equation x · y' + y² = 0 in differential form is x · dy + y² · dx = 0.
The second part of the problem involves another nonlinear differential equation, of which we must find its standard form, also defined below:
f(y', y) = g(x) (2)
Finally, we proceed to modify the equation:
(y')² - 5 · (y') + 6 = (x + y) · (y' - 2)
(y' - 3) · (y' - 2) = (x + y) · (y' - 2)
y' - 3 = x + y
y' - y - 3 = x
The standard form of the differential equation (y')² - 5 · (y') + 6 = (x + y) · (y' - 2) is the equation y' - y - 3 = x.
RemarkThe statement presents typing mistakes, correct form is shown below:
3. Write the differential equation x · y' + y² = 0 in differential form. Write the differential equation (y')² - 5 · y' + 6 = (x + y) · (y' - 2).
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During welding in the vertical position, the torch angle can be varied to control sagging.
a. true
b. false
Answer:
A: True
Explanation:
The given statement is true.
During welding in the vertical position, the torch angle is not typically varied to control sagging. This statement is False.
Sagging, also known as downward distortion, occurs when the molten metal in the weld pool pulls downward due to gravity.
To control sagging, the primary method is to adjust the welding parameters, such as the welding current, travel speed, and electrode angle, rather than the torch angle.
Maintaining a proper travel speed and using appropriate welding techniques, such as weaving, can also help to manage sagging.
Ensuring proper joint preparation and fit-up, as well as using suitable welding procedures, are crucial in minimizing sagging and achieving high-quality vertical welds.
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Cd, also called blank______, was the first widely available optical format for pc users.
Answer: Compact Disc
The smaller the grinder, the _______ the speed it turns
Answer:
faster
Explanation:
because in a big grinder you ca only grind bigger things but not Small things , some parts of your things that will
remain as they were in the beginning, so it will take more time to grind Small things .
A smaw station includes the arc welding machine, ____, electrode lead, workpiece lead, booth, workbench, stool, and ventilation.
Answer:
Electrode Holder
Explanation:
Shielded metal arc welding (SMAW), also known as manual metal arc welding, is a manual arc welding process that uses a consumable and protected electrode. As the electrode melts, a cover that protects the electrode melts and protects the weld area from oxygen and other atmospheric gases
A primary current of 6.0 A exists in an ideal iron-core transformer at a primary voltage of 100 volts. If the current in the secondary is 0.75 A, calculate the output voltage.
Answer:
Explanation:
Formula
Voltage_p * Current_p = Voltage_s * Current_s
Comment
What the formula means is the voltage multiplied by the current in the primary = voltage multiplied by the current in the secondary.
Givens
Vp =100 v
Ip = 6 amps
Vs = x
Is = 0.75 amps
Solution
100 * 6 = 0.75* x
600 = 0.75 x Divide both sides by 0.75
600/0,75 = 0.75x/0.75
800v = x
What you have here is a step up transformer. It has a relatively small voltage (100 volts ) on the primary which the transformer changes to 800 volts in the secondary.
Answer
800 volts.
A 500 kva load has a power factor of 90% lagging and is supplied by a 480 v source. Determine the three line currents
Answer:
pf=kw/kvar
Explanation: voltage p=vi
Esma and hasan are putting the finishing touches on their model for a tiny chip-based energy source to power their lighting system. what phase of the engineering design process should they complete next? confirm with research build a prototype test their work get the product priced
The phase of the engineering design process which should be completed next is to test their work and is denoted as option C.
What is Engineering design?These are the series of steps and techniques which are done by individuals in the making of functional product and services.This employs the use of scientific methods and also ensures an easier living for different individuals.
The first stage involves identifying the problem and then building a prototype through the use of different materials. This is then tested before the final finishing work is done to ensure the parts are properly placed before they are moved for evaluation by other people.
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The type of current that flows from the electrode across the arc to the work is called direct current electrode?
Answer:
Direct Control Electrode Negative) (DCEN)
Explanation:
The type of current that flows from the electrode across the arc to the work is called direct current electrode is called DCEN.
c) Although Ethics means different thi ng to different people, its meaning
al ways has some ethical implications. Ethics are standards of right and
wrong, good and bad. They are concerned with what one has to do to fulfill one’s moral duty. In your opinion, is it good t o practice euthanasia in
Ghana?
I would say it is not good (ethical) to practice euthanasia in Ghana because it limits and prunes the chances and fundamental rights to life of a patient.
What are ethics?Ethics can be defined as a set of unwritten and written standards of good and bad, right and wrong, principles, values or rules of moral conduct that are established to guide human behaviors, especially with respect to their relationship with others.
What is euthanasia?Euthanasia can be defined as a medical practice which typically involves ending or cutting short the life of a terminally ill patient or someone who is experiencing great pain and suffering, in order to limit and end the patient's suffering.
In my opinion, I would say it is not good (ethical) to practice euthanasia in Ghana because it limits and prunes the chances and fundamental rights to life of a patient.
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A tensile-reinforced t beam is to be designed to carry a uniformly distributed load on a 20-ftsimple span. The total moment to be carried is mu-5780 in-kips. Concrete dimensions, governed by web shear and clearance requirements, are b 20 in, b 10 in, he-5in, and d 20 in. Iffy 60 ksi and fe-4ksi, what tensile reinforcement is required at midspan? select appropriate reinforcement to provide this area of steel and check concrete cover limitations, assuming no. 3 stirrups. What total depth h is required? sketch your design.
The tensile reinforcement is required at midspan is 3.103 in^2 and the total depth h is required is 17 in.
organizing the information given in the statement:
t beam is to be designed to carry a uniformly distributed load on a 20-ftsimple spanThe total moment to be carried is mu-5780shear and clearance requirements, are b 20 in, b 10 in, he-5in, and d 20 in. Iffy 60 ksi and fe-4ksiWith that infromation we can say, total moment to be caried out in the bean is:
M=5780 in kips
Characteristics strength of concreete is 4ksi
Characteristics strength of steel is 60ksi
Find the depht of stress block:
[tex]a=\frac{A_s*f_y}{0.85*fc}[/tex]
Substitute 4ksi in fc, 60 ksi in fy we have:
[tex]a= 17.65 A_s[/tex]
Find the area of tensile reinforcement:
[tex]\phi M= \phi A_sf_y(d-a/2)\\5780=A_s*60(20-17.65A_s/2)\\A_s=3.103 in^2[/tex]
Provide 3 stirrups of 9 inches bar (wich has a diameter of 1.128 inches)
Provide 3 inch as cover fot T-beam, therefore the effective depth is:
h=20-3=17 in
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Question 5 of 10
How much cubic inch space is required inside a box for 4 #6 XHHN current carrying conductors?
The maximum cubic inch space that is required inside a box for 4 #6 XHHN current carrying conductors is 10 cubic inches.
What is current carrying conductor?
A current-carrying conductor is a conductor that experience a force when it is in a magnetic field, due to the interaction between the magnetic field & the field (magnetic) produced by moving charges in the wire.
The HHN stands for High Heat-resistant Nylon-coated.
The maximum cubic inch space that is required inside a box for 4 #6 XHHN current carrying conductors is calculated as follows;
cubic inch space = 4 x 2.5 in³
cubic inch space = 10 in³
Thus, the maximum cubic inch space that is required inside a box for 4 #6 XHHN current carrying conductors is 10 cubic inches.
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The motor branch circuit short circuit and ground-fault protective device shall be capable of carrying the ______ current of the motor.
Answer:
Starting current
Explanation:
The motor branch circuit short circuit and ground-fault protective device shall be capable of carrying the Starting current of the motor.
The ________ system removes and reduces heat caused by friction between the moving engine parts and the explosion of fuel in the cylinders.
The cooling system removes and reduces the heat caused by friction between the moving engine parts and the explosion of fuel in the cylinders. The correct option is d)
What is the cooling system?The cooling system is a system that works on engines of machines and cars. It prevents friction for the parts of the engine that are moving and runs a smooth machine.
It also prevents the heating of the machines. Furthermore, it is like a liquid coolant that cools the machines and prevents overheating.
Thus, the correct option is d) cooling.
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The question is incomplete. Your most probably complete question is given below:
a) steering
b) brake
c) suspension
d) cooling
Question 2: (a) In your own words, clearly distinguish and differentiate between Ethics in Engineering and Ethics in Computing ( 9 Marks) (b) Draw a table of comparison to illustrate your answer in (a) and provide in each case five practical examples in the fields outlined above.
Engineering ethics is not without abstraction, but in contrast with computing, it is animated by a robust and active movement concerned with the seamless identification of ethics with practice.
What is engineering?This is a branch of science and technology concerned with the design, building, and use of engines, machines, and structures that uses scientific principles.
Comparing ethics in engineering and ethics in computing:
Engineering ethics are a set of rules and guidelines. While computing ethics deals with procedures, values and practices.In engineering ethics, engineers must adhere to these rules as a moral obligation to their profession While in computing ethics, the ethics govern the process of consuming computer technology.Following these ethics for the two professions will NOT cause damage, but disobeying them causes damage.Some practical examples in the computing field:
Avoid using the computer to harm other people such as creating a bomb or destroying other people's work.Users also should not use a computer for stealing activities like breaking into a bank or company.Make sure a copy of the software had been paid for by the users before it is used.Some practical examples in the engineering field:
Integrity for oneself.Respect for one another.Pursuit of excellence and accountability.Hence, Engineering ethics is the field of system of moral principles that apply to the practice of engineering and following them is important to the profession.
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How do I create a run chart?
One of the simple ways to create a run chart is:
Open Microsoft Excel. You should see a blank worksheet with grid lines.Across the top row, (start with box A1), enter headings for the type of information you will enter into your run chart: Time Unit, Numerator, Denominator, Rate/Percentage. Enter in the time period and corresponding numerator and denominator data into the columns below your headingsSelect cell B2 (the border should light up blue)Type a forward slash: /Select cell C2 (it should light up green)Type a closed parenthesis: )Type a star (hold the SHIFT and 8 keys down at the same time): *Type the number 1000: 1000The whole equation should look like this: =(B2/C2)*1000Hit the “Enter” key. You will see a number with decimals appear in cell D2. Select the information you want to include in your run chart. This is usually the time unit and rate/percentage, which in this example, would be month and 30 day readmission rate.Click on the “Insert” tab, Select the “Line” graph option, then click on the “Line with Markers” boxA run chart should appear on the screen What is a Run Chart?This refers to the line chart that is plotted over time and displays observed data in a time sequence.
Hence, we can see that the simple tutorial on how to create a run chart with the use of an Excel Spreadsheet is given above.
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What pretakeoff check should be made of a vacuum-driven heading indicator in preparation for an ifr flight?
Answer:
After 5 minutes, set the indicator to the magnetic heading of the aircraft and check for proper alignment after taxi turns.
Explanation:
The pretakeoff check is that;
After 5 minutes, set the indicator to the magnetic heading of the aircraft and check for proper alignment after taxi turns.
Perform pre-flight checks on the vacuum-driven heading indicator, including the power source, zero setting, gyro drift, and accurate operation before an IFR flight.
We have,
Before a flight, especially for IFR (Instrument Flight Rules) operations, it's crucial to conduct a thorough pre-flight check of the vacuum-driven heading indicator, also known as the directional gyro or DG.
The heading indicator is a crucial instrument for maintaining proper heading during flight. Here are the key checks to perform:
- Power and Vacuum Source:
Ensure that the aircraft's vacuum system is functioning correctly and providing adequate suction to power the heading indicator.
Verify that the vacuum system pressure is within the manufacturer's specified range.
- Instrument and Case Inspection:
Visually inspect the heading indicator and its case for any signs of damage, cracks, or loose fittings.
Make sure the instrument's glass is clean and clear for easy readability.
- Zero Setting:
Set the heading indicator to the correct heading using the aircraft's magnetic compass or another reliable heading reference. This process is known as "synchronizing" the heading indicator.
- Gyro Drift Check:
- Operation Check:
Thus,
Perform pre-flight checks on the vacuum-driven heading indicator, including the power source, zero setting, gyro drift, and accurate operation before an IFR flight.
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: A freeway exit ramp has a single lane and consist of entirely of a horizontal curve with a central angle of 90 degree and a length of 626 ft. If the distance cleared from the centre line for sight distance is 19.4ft, what design speed was used? Assumptions: t= 2.5sec, f=0.4
The design speed was used for the freeway exit ramp is 11 mph.
Design speed used in the exit rampThe design speed used in the exit ramp is calculated as follows;
f = v²/15R - 0.01e
where;
v is designated speedv = ωr
v = (θ/t) r
θ = 90⁰ = 1.57 rad
v = (1.57 x 19.4)/2.5 s
v = 12.18 ft/s = 8.3 mph
Design speedf = v²/15R - 0.01e
let the maximum superelevation, e = 1%
f = (8.3)²/(15 x 19.4) - 0.01
f = 0.22
0.22 is less than value of f which is 0.4
next iteration, try 10 mphf = (10)²/(15 x 19.4) - 0.01
f = 0.33
0.33 is less than 0.4
next iteration, try 11 mphf = (11)²/(15 x 19.4) - 0.01
f = 0.4
Thus, the design speed was used for the freeway exit ramp is 11 mph.
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A microscope illuminator uses a transformer to step down the 120 V AC of the wall outlet to power a 12.0 V,50 W microscope bulb. What is the resistance of the bulb filament
Answer:2.88 ohms
Explanation:
R= V^2 / P
12^2/50
144/50
2.88 ohms
The regulator is closed when the adjusting screw is turned in (clockwise).
a. true
b. false
The regulator is closed when the adjusting screw is turned in (clockwise), this statement is false.
What is Regulator?Monitoring adherence to other legal and regulatory standards as well as contractual responsibilities to the government and users. establishing technical, safety, and quality requirements and ensuring that they are followed (if not already specified in the contract agreements). levying fines in the event of non-compliance.
The principal oversight organization for a bank or other financial institution is known as a primary regulator. Primary regulators are state or federal regulatory organizations, which are frequently the same organization that granted the financial institution's operating permit with a charter.
Hence, The regulator is closed when the adjusting screw is turned in (clockwise), it is turned Anticlockwise.
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You are coming to this intersection, and are planning on turningright. There is a vehicle close behind you. You should?
Answer:
Put on your right turn signal
Question1: You are contracted to install MS Exchange Server software on all PCs of a company. After doing half of the work, you found that the company did not pay MS for the copies you are installing. You notified the company that they were out of compliance with MS licensing requirement, but got no response.
a. What do you do?.
b. What other information would you need?.
c. Explain.
Since you notified the company that they were out of compliance with MS licensing requirement, and got no got no response. one can:
Let the job go or find an alternative by asking if the company have a product key which you can use.The other information that a person would need in the case above is if the company already have a product key or if they have the money to buy the licensing key.What are Microsoft licenses?The Microsoft Services Provider License Agreement ("SPLA") is known to be a kind of a program that is made to target a lot of service providers and also those of Independent Software Vendors ("ISVs").
This is known to be the v that is given to their partners to give their software services and that of their hosted applications to the end customers.
Based on the above, Since you notified the company that they were out of compliance with MS licensing requirement, and got no got no response. one can:
Let the job go or find an alternative by asking if the company have a product key which you can use.The other information that a person would need in the case above is if the company already have a product key or if they have the money to buy the licensing key.Learn more about MS licensing from
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If the suction pressure of a system is 60 psig and the oil pump outlet is 85 psig, what is the net oil pressure?
Answer:
25 psig
Explanation:
The net oil pressure = 85 - 60 = 25 psig
Dampness or moisture introduces ____ into the weld, which causes cracking when some metals are welded.
Answer: Dampness or moisture introduces hydrogen into the weld, which causes cracking when some metals are welded.
Explanation:
This moisture (hydrogen) is a major cause of weld cracking and porosity.
What term is used to describe when a room becomes so hot that everything in it ignites simultaneously?.
When a room becomes so hot that everything in it ignites simultaneously it is termed a flashover.
What is a flashover?In a confined space, a flashover occurs when the majority of the directly exposed flammable material ignites almost simultaneously. Certain organic compounds go through thermal decomposition when heated and emit combustible gases as a result.
Every flammable surface exposed to thermal radiation in a compartment or confined space ignites quickly and simultaneously during a flashover, a thermally driven event. For typical combustibles, flashover typically happens when the upper section of the compartment achieves a temperature of about 1,100 °F.
Flashover circumstances are more likely to occur in buildings with hidden compartments, lower ceiling heights, room partitions, and energy-efficient or hurricane windows.
Therefore, the sudden ignition of everything in the room is called a flashover.
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Both copper and stainless steel are being considered as a wall material for a liquid cooled rocket nozzle. The cooled exterior of the wall is maintained at 150°C, while the combustion gases within the nozzle are at 2750°C. The gas side heat transfer coefficient is known to be hᵢ = 2×10⁴ W/m²-K, and the radius of the nozzle is much larger than the wall thickness. Thermal limitations dictate that the temperature of copper must not exceed 540°C, while that of the steel must not exceed 980°C. If the nozzle is constructed with the maximum wall thickness, which material would be preferred? For Cu, ρ = 8933 kg/m³, k = 378 W/m-K and for stainless steel, ρ = 7900 kg/m³, k = 23.2 W/m-K
a. The maximum thickness of the copper nozzle is 0.33 cm
b. The maximum thickness of the steel nozzle is 0.054 cm
c. The material preferred is steel
The is a heat transfer question
What is heat transfer?Heat transfer is the movement of thermal energy from one body to the other.
How do we calculate the maximum wall thickness?We know that the rate of heat loss by the gas equals rate of heat gain by the metal.
The rate of heat loss by gasThe rate of heat loss by gas is P₁ = -hA(T₂ - T₁) where
h = The heat transfer coefficient of gas = 2 × 10⁴ W/m²-K,A = The surface area of nozzle,T₂ = The maximum temperature of metal and T₁ = The temperature of gas = 2750°CThe rate of heat gain by metalThe rate of heat gain by metal is P₂ = kA(T₂ - T₃)/d where
k = The hermal coefficient of metal,A = The surface area of nozzle,T₂ = The maximum temperature of metal,T₃ = The temperature of exterior wall of nozzle = 150°C and d = thickness of nozzle.The maximum thickness of nozzle.Given that P₁ = P₂, we can write
-hA(T - T') = kA(T - T")/d
So we make d subject of the formula, thus
t = -k(T₂ - T₃)/h(T₂ - T₁)
a. Maximum thickness for copper nozzleWe know that for copper
T₂ = 540°C andk = 378 W/m-KSubstituting the values of the variables into d, we have
d = -k(T₂ - T₃)/h(T₂ - T₁)
d = -378 W/m-K(540°C - 150°C)/[2 × 10⁴ W/m²-K(540°C - 2750°C)]
d = -378 W/m-K(390°C)/[2 × 10⁴ W/m²-K(-2210°C)]
d = -147420 W/m/-4420 × 10⁴ W/m²
d = 147420 W/m/44200000 W/m²
d = 0.0033 m
d = 0.33 cm
So, the maximum thickness of the copper nozzle is 0.33 cm
b. Maximum thickness for steel nozzleWe know that for steel
T₂ = 980°C andk = 23.2 W/m-KSubstituting the values of the variables into d, we have
d = -k(T₂ - T₃)/h(T₂ - T₁)
d = -23.2 W/m-K(980°C - 150°C)/[2 × 10⁴ W/m²-K(980°C - 2750°C)]
d = -23.2 W/m-K(830°C)/[2 × 10⁴ W/m²-K(-1770°C)]
d = -19256 W/m/-3540 × 10⁴ W/m²
d = 19256 W/m/35400000 W/m²
d = 0.00054 m
d = 0.054 cm
So, the maximum thickness of the steel nozzle is 0.054 cm
c. Which material is preferred?Since the steel nozzle has a thickness of 0.054 cm while the copper nozzle has a thickness of 0.33 cm, we see that the thickness of the steel nozzle is less. So, the steel is preffered.
So, the material preferred is steel
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A resistor, an inductor, and a capacitor are connected in series to an ac source. What is the condition for resonance to occur?.
Answer:if power factor =1 is possible for that.
Explanation:when pf is unity. means 1.
Which disk interface uses parallel data transfer but has high reliability and an advanced command set? group of answer choices sata pata scsi sas
A disk interface that is designed and developed to use parallel data transfer but with high reliability and an advanced command set is: C. PATA.
What is a hard-disk drive?A hard-disk drive can be defined as an electro-mechanical, non-volatile data storage device that is made up of magnetic disks (platters) that rotates at high speed.
What is Disk Management?Disk Management can be defined as a type of utility that is designed and developed to avail end users an ability to convert two or more basic disks on a computer system to dynamic disks.
In Computer technology, PATA is a disk interface that is designed and developed to use parallel data transfer but with high reliability and an advanced command set.
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