0.44 the frequency of the homozygous individuals in this population.
What is Hardy-Weinberg principle ?
The Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium is a principle stating that the genetic variation in a population will remain constant from one generation to the next in the absence of disturbing factors.
From the Hardy Weinberg Law of Population and Genetics,
We have
x²+2xy+y²=1 and
x+y=1
where
x = frequency of the dominant allele in the population
y = frequency of the recessive allele in the population
x2 = percentage of homozygous dominant individuals
y2 = percentage of homozygous recessive individuals
2xy = percentage of heterozygous individuals
Given 2xy = 0.56
from here, y=0.28/x, (the frequency of the recessive allele ) can be obtained
we need to find 'x'
recall, x+y=1, x=1-y
substituting this gives us
y=0.28/(1-y), which becomes,
y(1-y)=0.28
y²- y + 0.28 (quadratic equation)
Solving this to find 'y' gives two imaginary values of y = 0.44 but ,
There is no imaginary solution .
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What are some of the benefits of breastfeeding for the neonate, besides nutritional value?
When the tooth pulp has symptoms of lingering pain, a diagnosis of _______ can be made.
When the tooth pulp has symptoms of lingering pain,a diagnosis of irreversible pulpits can be made. pulpit is diagnosis by dentist, they take one or more extras to diagnosis of tooth decay and inflammation.
If inflammation builds in tooth the pulp can die. this is happens with irreversible pulpits and if once occur the pain will stop and tooth wouldn't be sensitive for cold or hot water. An infected pulp of the tooth will not heal on its own, so a root canal is suggested by dentist.
When tooth pulpit damage the tooth then removal of the tooth, relieving the pain of irreversible pulpits is by draining into tooth removing the pulpit and cleaning the root canal.
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Some citizens are concerned about the use of genetically modified plants because they:_____.
Some citizens are concerned about the use of genetically modified plants because they cause allergic problems.
Genetic engineering is a specific form of gene technology that modifies the genetic code of living things like plants, animals, and microorganisms. The potential for adverse consequences on the human body posed by GM foods is the biggest danger. It is thought that eating these genetically modified crops can lead to the emergence of illnesses resistant to antibiotic treatment.
The transmission of antibiotic resistance, toxicity, and allergenicity are the three main health impacts of GM foods that raise the most concern. When blown into a natural setting, pollen from a genetically modified crop that carries a pesticide may kill nontarget creatures. Genetically engineered crop pollen can contaminate non-genetically modified crop kinds.
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The _____ secretes a hormone that increases the body's metabolic rate, breathing rate, and heart rate.
The thyroid gland secretes a hormone that increases the body's metabolic rate, breathing rate, and heart rate.
The thyroid gland makes two hormones that it secretes into the bloodstream. One is called thyroxine ,this hormone contains four atoms of iodine and is often called T4. The other is called triiodothyronine, which contains three atoms of iodine and is often called T3. Activation of thyroxine (T4), to the active form, triiodothyronine (T3), by 5′-deiodinase type 2 (D2) is a key mechanism of TH regulation of metabolism. D2 is expressed in the hypothalamus, white fat, brown adipose tissue (BAT), and skeletal muscle and is required for adaptive thermogenesis.
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Lab mice are bred such that every mouse is literally a clone of any other mouse. Yet, resilience arises regularly in a fraction of the mice during CSDS studies. If they're all clones, but we always find a resilient population, what does that say about how resilience works?
You may heard of the term mutation. Even during cloning, which is done by the process of DNA replication. Certain agents referred to as mutagens bring about changes in the chromosomal constitution, or how certain genes are arranged on the chromosome. Some physical factors include X rays and gamma rays, while some chemical factors include EMS and nitrogenous gases.
Does the overall shape of lucy’s pelvis resemble the human pelvis or the chimpanzee pelvis more? do not think of the size, but compare the outlines of each bone
In human pelvis the wings of the ilium extended from either side of the pelvis , in chimpanzee pelvis the wings are extend from the back because chimpanzee is tall.
Lucy and other species could walk well because their hip and knee joints were similar to humans." like human's,like chimp's".Her small skull with long arms and conical rib cage are like an ape's but she has a more human for example- spine, pelvis and knee due to walking upright.
According to Johnson - Lucy was either a small member of genus homo or small Australopithecus. When comparing Lucy , its shows an intermediate curvature between those of modern human and chimpanzees.
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Match the term to its description. (4 points) c 1. astronomical body a 2. comet b 3. galaxy d 4. moon a. an object in space b. a system of stars held by gravitational attraction c. a celestial object consisting of a nucleus of ice and a stream of gas and dust d. an astronomical body that orbits around a planet
Astronomical body - An object in space
Galaxy - A system of stars held by gravitational attraction
Comet - A celestial object consisting of a nucleus of ice and a stream of gas and dust
Moon - An astronomical body that orbits around a planet
What are different Astronomical bodies ?The astronomical bodies or the space bodies are the entities and the substances that are present in space. Some astronomical bodies are
Galaxy: It is the system of stars that are held together with the gravitational pull.Comet: These are the celestial bodies in space that are consist of ice, gas, and dust.Moon: It is the outer space body that revolves around the earth.Astronomical body: It is an object that is present in space.Learn more about Astronomical bodies here:
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Bowing to your opponent before a jiu jitsu match would be considered a ________ movement.
Answer:
voluntary, you did it by will
Explanation:
The pluripotent, undifferentiated cells in the bone marrow that give rise to the formed elements are called _____ cells
The pluripotent, undifferentiated cells in the bone marrow that give rise to the formed elements are called stem cells.
Pluripotent stem cells have the ability to undergo self-renewal and to give rise to all cells of the tissues of the body. However, this definition has been recently complicated by the existence of distinct cellular states that display these features.
There are two types of pluripotent stem cells :
Embryonic stem cells (ESCs)Induced pluripotent stem cellsEmbryonic stem cells are derived from the inner cell mass (ICM) of pre-implantation embryos and can be indefinitely maintained and expanded in the pluripotent state in vitro. Pluripotent stem cells can also be obtained by inducing dedifferentiation of adult somatic cells through a recently developed in vitro technology, known as cell reprogramming.
Similarly to Embryonic stem cells , Induced pluripotent stem cells can be expanded indefinitely and they are capable to differentiate in all the derivatives of the three germ layers.
Another intriguing features of being pluripotent is its reliance on gene expression heterogeneity.
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please i need help!!!
Answer:
the answer is d
Explanation:
photosynthesis is a process in plants to produce o2 and energy rich compounds
Amino acids are used to make _____, which are responsible for escorting substances into and around the body as well as across cell membranes
Answer:
protein
Explanation:
Amino acids are joined together to form proteins. The main function of amino acids is to serve as building blocks for proteins
From deep (innermost) to superficial (outermost), the layers of the organs of the alimentary canal are? 1) mucosa; 2) muscularis externa; 3) serosa (adventitia); 4) submucosa?
The correct order of the layers of the organs of the alimentary canal is mucosa, submucosa, muscularis externa, and serosa. The correct option is B.
What is alimentary canal?The alimentary canal is a long tube of organs that allows food to pass through the body.
It encompasses the esophagus, stomach, and intestines and runs from the mouth to the rectum. The digestive tract of an adult is approximately 30 feet long.
Smooth muscle fibers or cells are long and spindly in shape. Peristalsis is the prime objective of these muscle fibers.
Mucosa, submucosa, muscularis externa, and serosa are the correct layers of the alimentary canal organs.
Thus, the correct option is B.
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Your question seems incomplete, the probable options are:
A) 3, 2, 4, 1B) 1, 4, 2, 3C) 1, 4, 3, 2D) 1, 2, 4, 3Hich physiologic change increases cardiac work but does not enhance cardiac output?
Increased afterload physiologic change increases cardiac work but does not enhance cardiac output.
What about cardiovascular system?Heart and blood vessels, which make up your cardiovascular system, deliver oxygen and nutrition to your body's organs so they can function. Blood vessels also transport waste such as carbon dioxide to be disposed.Conditions affecting the heart or blood vessels are collectively referred to as cardiovascular disease. It is frequently associated with atherosclerosis, an accumulation of fatty deposits in the arteries that increases the risk of blood clots.The heart, blood arteries, and blood make up the cardiovascular system. Its main job is to carry deoxygenated blood back to the lungs and to carry nutrients and oxygen-rich blood to all regions of the body.The most typical cause of coronary artery disease is atherosclerosis, which is a buildup of fatty plaques in your arteries. Atherosclerosis can be brought on by unhealthy lifestyle choices such smoking, being overweight, not exercising, and eating poorly.Learn more about cardiovascular system here:
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In which location are you most likely to find organic remains that
have not decomposed?
Answer: A. Glacier (due to its extremely cold temperatures)
here 2 other answers for your quiz I am not sure if they are going to be in it but these are the answer
2. C. Their environment changed from forest to grassland as the forest shrank.
3. B. Saprobes, detrivores
Activity of the digestive system is generally increased by _____________ nervous stimulation.
Answer:
nervous stimulation. parasympathetic.
Explanation:
Students are measuring the rate of enzyme activity. The graph below shows the rate of enzyme action as they increase the temperature
The subtrate will no longer fit within the enzyme because the heat will cause the enzyme to denature (deform).
EnzymeProteins called enzymes serve as biological catalysts (biocatalysts). Chemical reactions are sped up by catalysts. Substrates are the molecules that enzymes can interact with, and the enzyme changes the substrates into new molecules known as products. Almost all cellular metabolic activities require enzyme catalysis in order to proceed at speeds quick enough to maintain life. Enzymes are necessary to catalyze specific steps in metabolic pathways. Enzymology, the study of enzymes, and the pseudoenzyme analysis area acknowledge that some enzymes have lost the capacity to perform biological catalysis during evolution, which is frequently reflected in their amino acid sequences and peculiar "pseudocatalytic" capabilities.
Students are measuring the rate of enzyme activity. The graph below shows the rate of enzyme action as they increase the temperature
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What type of anemia is caused by defective red blood cells with a shortened life span?
The name of the anemia is Hemolytic anemia which is caused by defective red blood cells.
It is simply a disorder in which red blood cells are more quickly destroyed as compared to what can be generated. The number of red blood cells decreases is called hemolysis.
It is also caused due to some infections in the body. As we know red blood cells carry oxygen and if the body has fewer number cells then proper oxygen is not carried out to the tissues and organs of the body.
If your body does not have proper oxygen, the body can't function properly. Oxygen is very important for us to function properly. Without oxygen, human life is impossible.
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What are the consequences of learning on the brain and on future execution of behavior by that brain?
Human brain is always learning whenever it processes information.Human babies are the best example of learning since birth.The aging brain responds to learning the same way a child's brain does grows new task- specific synapse that can be recruited for other uses.
These are the consequences of learning on the brain and on future execution of behavior by that brain.
What are the consequences of learning of brain?When brain learns something new it will help to develop cognitive function like concentration, attention and chance of dementia decreases.
When the brain matures, fibers are developed in the brain becomes interconnected and these interconnected neurons are very essential in the formation of memories and new and previous learning interconnected.
Therefore,human brain is always learning when it is processed.
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What is the correct sequence of structures encountered by neural information as it travels along a neuron?
The correct sequence of structures encountered by neural information as it travels along a neuron is Cell body > Axon > Nerve terminal.
How does neural information travels along a neuron?The neural information also known as the impulse is generated and transmitted through the nerve cells. The impulse is received by dendrites, which then send it to the cell body.. From the cell body, the impulse flows through the axon and then reaches the nerve terminal. The subsequent neuron receives the impulse through the synaptic connection.
The correct sequence of impulse travel through neurons is cell body to axon to the nerve terminal.
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Which is a function of the golgi apparatus?
a. cell respiration
b. protein modification
c. drug detoxification
d. digestion of organic matter inside the cell
Golgi apparatus also called as golgi complex or golgi body ,cell membrane bound organelle of eukaryotic cells. Its a factory in which proteins modification received from the ER.
It helps in process and lipid molecules protein destined to be extorted from the cells. Camillo golgi body appears as a dries of stacked membranes. The gogli is located right near the nucleus.
The protein modification is cellular organelle responsible for the trafficking of proteins to other organelles. Proteins translated within the rough endoplasmic reticulum are transferred to golgi. The golgi enzymes catalyze the addition or removal of sugars for cargo protein.
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An organism’s complexity ____ with the number of its genes; it ____ with the amount of junk dna.
An organism's complexity is directly related to the amount of junk DNA.
Most eukaryotic genomes are larger and more complex than those of prokaryotes. However, the genome size of many eukaryotes does not appear to be related to genetic complexity.
For example, the genomes of salamanders and lilies contain more than ten times the amount of DNA that is in the human genome, yet these organisms are clearly not ten times more complex than humans.
Further studies showed that in the human genome only 2.5%of the genes are coding for protein while the rest of the 97.5% of genes are non-coding genes or junk DNA.
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In a bacteria, a subunit of RNA polymerase called ____ recognizes-10 sequence in the promoter and binds RNA polymerase there.
In a bacteria, a subunit of RNA polymerase called α subunit recognizes-10 sequence in the promoter and binds RNA polymerase there.
What is RNA polymerase?RNA polymerase is defined as the type of enzyme found in Ribonucleic acid bacterias which helps in copying a DNA sequence into an RNA sequence.
The RNA polymerase are also known as the main enzyme for transcription in bacteria.
The subunits of RNA polymerase enzyme include the alpha subunit.
The alpha subunit is known to be able to recognise 10 sequence in the promoter and binds RNA polymerase there.
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provide a brief description of the environment you are living in and suggest various measures to make it a sustainable environment (chapter 15 our environment)
The various measures that can make your environment a sustainable environment is the use of renewable energy and recycling of materials.
What is environmental sustainability?Environmental sustainability is defined as the controlled way human beings Interact with their immediate environment in such a way that depletion or degradation of natural resources is avoided.
Examples of environmental sustainability include the following:
Renewable energy, such as solar, wind, hydroelectric, and biomass.Recycling of metals, such as iron and steel, and minerals.Crop rotation.Cover crops.Selective logging.The environmental sustainability is important due to the following:
Increased energy, food and human-made resources we use every day.Rapid increase in population growth farming and manufacturing, which can lead to more greenhouse gas emissions, unsustainable energy use, and deforestation.Learn more about pollution here:
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When muscle cells undergo anaerobic respiration, they become fatigued and painful. this is now known to be caused by:_____.
The correct option is C.
The skeletal muscle will be painful and fatigued and the caused it build up of lactate.
What is skeletal muscle?Of the three major muscle tissues in the human body, skeletal muscle is one of them. The connective tissue sheaths that cover each of the thousands of muscle fibers that make up each skeletal muscle. The term "fasciculi" refers to the distinct bundles of muscular fibers that make up skeletal muscles.
What is lactate?It is a test that assesses the level of lactic acid, often known as "lactate," in your blood. Muscle cells and red blood cells produce this acid. When food is converted into energy by your body, it forms. In times of low oxygen levels, your body uses this energy.
Lactic acid has long been believed to be the cause of this acid buildup, known as acidosis, which is linked to the burning sensation experienced after vigorous exercise.
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I understand that the question you are looking for is:
When skeletal muscle cells undergo anaerobic respiration, they become fatigued and painful. This is now known to be caused by _____
A) a buildup of pyruvate.
B) an increase in ethanol.
C) a buildup of lactate.
D) an increase in sodium ions.
E) an increase in potassium ions.
It is now understood that the painful and fatigued symptoms of anaerobic respiration in muscles and skeletal muscle cells are brought on by a buildup of lactate. The accumulation of lactate will cause the skeletal muscle to become sore and exhausted.
What is Anaerobic respiration?Glucose is metabolized anaerobically, or without oxygen. Energy from glucose is transferred to the cell through the chemical process. Lactic acid is the end product of anaerobic respiration rather than carbon dioxide and water.
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Aerobic respiration creates lactic acid as a by prodcut but prodcues far more atp than respiration.
a. true
b. false
False, aerobic respiration creates lactic acid as a by product but produces far more ATP than respiration. When lactic acid is ferment by certain bacteria which includes the bacteria in yogurt and also by human muscles cells when they are worked hard and fast.
In aerobic cell respiration which includes glycolysis + the kerbers cycle = respiratory electron transport that produce 36 ATP /glucose consumed. Aerobic respiration cell are 18 times more efficient than anaerobic cell respiration because in aerobic respiration more ATP than anaerobic respiration due to the complete oxidation of glucose to CO2 and water .
Now O2 acts as terminal electron accept in this electron transport chain and gets reduced to water.ATP are produced by oxidation phosphorylation in the electron transport chain.
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The anerobic conversion of 1 mole of glucose to 2 mol of lactaet by fermentation is accompanied by
The anaerobic conversion of 1 mole of glucose to 2 moles of lactate by fermentation is accompanied by a net gain of 2 moles of ATP.
The chemical breakdown of glucose in the absence of oxygen is called as fermentation. This process is also known as anaerobic respiration.
Under anaerobic conditions, 2 ATP are produced (net) per mole of glucose. 7 ATP are made per mole of glucose in glycolysis aerobically, whereas, Pyruvate is converted to Lactate by the enzyme Lactate dehydrogenase at a cost of 2 NADH (5 ATP) under anaerobic conditions.
Thus, the net gain is 7 ATP - 5 ATP = 2 ATP.
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A skull with a foramen magnum (which positions the skull in front of the body) belongs to?
The largest foreman is foramen magnum present in the skull, it is located in the inferior portion of the cranial fossa as a part of the occipital bone.
The foreman magnum is formed by occipital bone consist of three parts such as - basilar , lateral and squamosal. In which basilar part is formed due to fusion of occipital bone and clivus. Then lateral part is formed by occipital condyles, which articulate with atlas.
Obturator foramen is the largest foramen in the human body which is present in pelvic bone. Foramen magnum is formed with four bones - para squama , left and right pars lateralis and pars basilaris.
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The sensory receptors, neurons and pathways make up the ________ division of the nervous system
Answer:
afferent division
Explanation:
Receptors, sensory neurons, and sensory pathways make up the afferent division of the nervous system.
Many bacteria facilitate the uptake of iron by secreting low molecular weight molecules, called ___________, to form complexes with the iron that can then be readily transported into the cell.
Many bacteria facilitate the uptake of iron by secreting low molecular weight molecules, called siderophores, to form complexes with the iron that can then be readily transported into the cell.
What are siderophores?Siderophores are natural or synthetic, low molecular weight molecules which have a high binding affinity to iron.Microorganisms like bacteria and fungi secrete these molecules to enhance iron uptake through the cell.Iron is abundant in the earth’s crust but it is not readily available in soluble form.Siderophores can chelate iron (form water soluble complexes). This complex is then taken up by the cell through membrane receptors.These are the strongest and largest class of iron chelators known thus providing the much needed iron to the microorganisms.Siderophores can also form complexes with aluminium, copper, zinc, manganese, cadmium, lead, etc.Learn more about Siderophores here:
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Extending from norway to the pacific coast of russia is a great expanse of ________ climate, often referred to as the taiga climate.
Extending from norway to the pacific coast of russia is a great expanse of subarctic climate, often referred to as the taiga climate.
What is Taiga climate?This type of climate observed in the northern hemisphere and absent in the southern hemisphere.
It is otherwise named as boreal Climate or Siberian Climate or Cool Temperate Continental Climate or Continental Sub-Polar Climate.
The temperature of this climatic regions include range from 20-25 °C during summer whereas in winters are cold that is 30-40 °C below freezing.
The range of annual precipitation 38 cm to 63 cm.
Hence, from norway to the pacific coast of russia is a great expanse of subarctic climate.
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