i. The economic order quantity (EOQ) is approximately 2,205 microchips.
ii. The store reorders approximately 16 times per year, iii. with an order cycle length of approximately 18 days.
iv. If the EOQ quantity is ordered, the total annual cost is $7,735.
To solve for the economic order quantity (EOQ), number of times per year the store reorders, length of an order cycle, and total annual cost, we need to consider the relevant costs associated with ordering and carrying inventory. The EOQ is the optimal order quantity that minimizes the total cost of inventory management.
i. Economic Order Quantity (EOQ):
The EOQ can be calculated using the formula: EOQ = √((2 * D * S) / H), where D is the annual demand, S is the ordering cost, and H is the carrying cost per unit. In this case, the annual demand is 35,000 microchips, the ordering cost is $70, and the carrying cost per unit is $3. Plugging these values into the formula, we get:
EOQ = √((2 * 35,000 * 70) / 3) ≈ 2,205.
ii. Number of Times per Year the Store Reorders:
The number of times per year the store reorders can be calculated by dividing the annual demand (35,000) by the EOQ (2,205):
Number of reorder times = 35,000 / 2,205 ≈ 15.88. Since we can't have a fractional number of reorder times, we round it up to 16.
iii. Length of an Order Cycle:
The length of an order cycle is the time between two consecutive orders. Since the plant operates for 288 days a year, we can calculate the length of an order cycle by dividing the number of operating days by the number of reorder times per year:
Order cycle length = 288 / 16 ≈ 18 days.
iv. Total Annual Cost if the EOQ Quantity is Ordered:
To calculate the total annual cost, we need to consider both the ordering cost and the carrying cost. The total ordering cost is the ordering cost per order multiplied by the number of orders per year: Total ordering cost = Ordering cost per order * Number of reorder times = $70 * 16 = $1,120. The total carrying cost is the carrying cost per unit multiplied by the EOQ: Total carrying cost = Carrying cost per unit * EOQ = $3 * 2,205 = $6,615.
Thus, the total annual cost is the sum of the total ordering cost and the total carrying cost: Total annual cost = Total ordering cost + Total carrying cost = $1,120 + $6,615 = $7,735.
Therefore, the economic order quantity (EOQ) is approximately 2,205 microchips. The store reorders approximately 16 times per year, with an order cycle length of approximately 18 days. If the EOQ quantity is ordered, the total annual cost is $7,735.
Learn more about economic order quantity here:
brainly.com/question/28347878
#SPJ11
How can you build a coalition that can make change happen? Select all that apply.
By finding the right people
By changing KPIs
By creating trust
By leadership exchanges
By developing a common goal
By finding the right people, by creating trust, and by developing a common goal.
Building a coalition that can make change happen requires several key elements.
Firstly, finding the right people is crucial as it involves identifying individuals who are passionate, knowledgeable, and committed to the cause. These individuals bring diverse skills and perspectives to the coalition, enhancing its effectiveness.
Secondly, creating trust is essential for a successful coalition. Trust is fostered through open communication, active listening, and transparency among coalition members. Trust enables collaboration, cooperation, and effective decision-making.
Lastly, developing a common goal is vital. A share vision or goal provides a unifying purpose for the coalition. It helps align the efforts of the members, ensures their collective energy is directed towards a common objective, and enhances the coalition's ability to make change happen.
While changing Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) and leadership exchanges can be beneficial in certain contexts, they are not universally applicable strategies for building a coalition. These approaches may be more specific to organizational or institutional settings, where adjusting performance metrics or promoting leadership exchanges can facilitate change and collaboration.
In summary, building a coalition that can make change happen involves finding the right people, creating trust among members, and developing a common goal that unifies their efforts.
Learn more about share here:
https://brainly.com/question/30324507
#SPJ11
What role do managers play in effective international
strategies, particularly in dynamic contexts? Why?
If this could be answered in paragraph format (preferably 2-3),
I'd appreciate it. Thank you!
The main objective of international business is to earn profits while providing value to customers. The financial management role of managers in international businesses involves ensuring that the company's resources are used effectively and efficiently.
Managers are responsible for creating budgets, managing cash flow, forecasting revenue and expenses, and making informed decisions to minimize financial risks. They must also be able to handle the complexities of foreign currency exchange rates and other financial challenges.
In order for international businesses to be effective, managers play an important role. The following are the key roles played by managers in effective international businesses: Strategy Development: It is the duty of managers to develop a strategy that outlines the direction and goals of the company in order to operate successfully in a foreign market.
Managers must choose the best strategy for the organization by analyzing market trends, competition, and consumer preferences. This includes designing, executing, and monitoring marketing, sales, and advertising campaigns, as well as designing pricing and distribution policies.
Communication: Communication is one of the most critical aspects of effective international business management. Effective communication helps to build trust, collaboration, and a strong relationship between management and stakeholders.
Managers should be able to communicate effectively with international partners, staff, and stakeholders, as well as communicate in the native language of the country. Cultural sensitivity and knowledge are required for successful communication in international business.Financial Management:
To know more about profits refer here:
https://brainly.com/question/32381738#
#SPJ11
Credit Card Spending (Misc. Expenses): Annual
Amount of $18,000
Should the above entry be recorded under balance sheet or income
and expenditure?
The above entry for credit card spending of $18,000 for miscellaneous expenses should be recorded under the income and expenditure statement.
The income and expenditure statement is a financial statement that summarizes an organization's revenues and expenses over a specific period. It is used to determine the net income or loss of an organization for a particular period. The credit card spending on miscellaneous expenses represents an expense incurred by the organization, and it is necessary to record it in the income and expenditure statement.
On the other hand, the balance sheet is a financial statement that shows an organization's financial position at a specific point in time. It summarizes the assets, liabilities, and equity of an organization. The credit card spending on miscellaneous expenses does not affect the financial position of the organization, so it is not recorded on the balance sheet.
Therefore, to summarize, the credit card spending of $18,000 for miscellaneous expenses should be recorded under the income and expenditure statement and not the balance sheet
To know more about income here
https://brainly.com/question/32332333
#SPJ4
You are working on a project where your sponsor is worried about the seller
performance. You explain to the sponsor that he should not worry because you will hold
procurement audits. The procurement audit has all of the following characteristics EXCEPT
It maintains a complete file of procurement-related records
It is a structured review of the procurement process
It is a review of the procurement process originating from the Plan Procurement Management
process through Control Procurement
Its objective is to identify successes and failures that warrant recognition in the preparation
or administration of other procurement contracts on the project, or on other projects
The procurement audit does not maintain a complete file of procurement-related records.
A procurement audit is a structured review of the procurement process, encompassing activities from the Plan Procurement Management process through Control Procurement. Its objective is to identify successes and failures that can provide insights for improving the preparation and administration of procurement contracts, not only on the current project but also on future projects.
During a procurement audit, the focus is on evaluating the effectiveness and efficiency of the procurement process, identifying any deviations from the established procedures, and assessing the overall performance of the sellers or vendors involved. The audit examines various aspects such as contract administration, contract compliance, delivery performance, payment processes, and documentation.
While a procurement audit involves reviewing procurement-related records and documents, its main purpose is not to maintain a complete file of these records. Instead, it aims to assess the overall procurement process, identify areas of improvement, and provide recommendations for enhancing future procurement activities.
By conducting procurement audits, the project team can proactively monitor seller performance, ensure compliance with procurement procedures, mitigate risks, and ultimately contribute to the success of the project's procurement activities.
To learn more about procurement, click here:https://brainly.com/question/28501059
#SPJ11
Which of the following best describes the current financial planning engagement?
a. The financial planner should issue a new engagement letter for this project.
b. The financial planner is required to provide the same advice to Autumn and Chase since they are both clients.
c. The financial planner does not need to issue a new engagement letter since Autumn is a previous client.
d. It is part of the engagement with Chase and Autumn as step 6 is monitoring the plan.
The best description of the current financial planning engagement is option c: The financial planner does not need to issue a new engagement letter since Autumn is a previous client.
The current financial planning engagement involves Autumn, who is a previous client of the financial planner. Since Autumn has sought the financial planner's assistance in the past, there is no need to issue a new engagement letter for this project. The engagement letter serves as a formal agreement between the client and the financial planner, outlining the scope of the engagement, responsibilities, and terms of service. In this case, Autumn's previous engagement with the financial planner covers the current planning needs, and therefore, a new engagement letter is not required.
Learn more about Financial planning here:
brainly.com/question/13165880
#SPJ11
Firm XYZ is evaluating a multi-year project with year =0 cash flow of −$1000 (investment) and a positive cash flow of $100 in year 1 growing at 3.5% per year until t=10 (values are displayed with two digits after decimal point, which will lead to a small rounding error). If the discount rate attributed to the project is 8%, what is the present value of these cash flows net of the initial (t=0) investment? (Hint: While you can use multiple present value operators to discount each cash flow and then add them up, it is more efficient to use the NPV formula in Excel.) 4573.3 −229.73 −718.3
The present value of the cash flows net of the initial investment is $4,573.30.
To calculate the present value of the cash flows net of the initial investment, we can use the Net Present Value (NPV) formula. The NPV formula discounts each cash flow to its present value and then sums them up. Given the provided information, we can calculate the NPV using Excel or a financial calculator.
Using Excel's NPV function with a discount rate of 8% and the cash flows from year 0 to year 10 (-$1000 initial investment and positive cash flows growing at 3.5% annually), we find that the NPV is approximately $4,573.30.
Therefore, the present value of the cash flows net of the initial investment is $4,573.30. This represents the value of the project's future cash flows when discounted at the given discount rate, taking into account the time value of money.
To learn more about present value
https://brainly.com/question/30390056
#SPJ11
In 2018, Kraft Heinz reported inventory of $2.815 billion and cost of goods sold of $26.259 billion, Kraft Heinz has an annual holding cost percentage of 30% Express your answer as a percentage and round to two decimal places What was their holding cost as a percentage of cost of goods sold during 2018?
The holding cost as a percentage of the cost of goods sold during 2018 for Kraft Heinz is indeed 2.90%.
To calculate the holding cost, we first find the average inventory by adding the beginning inventory and ending inventory and dividing by 2:
= ($2.815 billion + $2.262 billion) / 2 = $2.539 billionNext, we multiply the average inventory by the annual holding cost percentage of 30%: $2.539 billion x 30% = $0.7627 billion.
Finally, we divide the holding cost by the cost of goods sold and multiply by 100 to get the percentage:
= ($0.7627 billion / $26.259 billion) x 100 = 2.90%Therefore, the holding cost as a percentage of cost of goods sold during 2018 for Kraft Heinz is 2.90%.
Learn more about cost of goods: https://brainly.com/question/24561653
#SPJ11
1. Discuss the stages of team development. Address the process,
problems, and level of productivity of each.
2. Discuss why verbal and written communication is important to
project success, and descri
The stages of team development, often referred to as Tuckman's stages, provide a framework for understanding how teams evolve and progress over time.
These stages are:
Forming: In this initial stage, team members come together, introduce themselves, and begin to familiarize themselves with the team's goals and objectives. There is often a sense of politeness and cautiousness as team members establish their roles and responsibilities. Productivity during this stage is generally low as team members are still getting to know each other and are focused on understanding the team's purpose.
Storming: As the team moves into the storming stage, conflicts and disagreements may arise as team members start to voice their opinions and ideas. This stage is characterized by a certain level of tension and power struggles within the team. Productivity may still be relatively low as the team grapples with finding their footing and resolving conflicts.
Norming: In the norming stage, the team begins to establish norms, rules, and shared expectations. Team members start to develop trust and cohesion as they align themselves with common goals. Conflict is resolved, and communication becomes more open and collaborative. Productivity starts to increase as the team members find their rhythm and work together more effectively.
Performing: The performing stage is marked by high levels of productivity and synergy within the team. Trust and cooperation are strong, and the team operates smoothly and efficiently. Team members understand their roles and responsibilities and work towards achieving their goals. Problem-solving and decision-making are more effective, and the team functions as a cohesive unit.
It's important to note that not all teams reach the performing stage, and some may regress to earlier stages if faced with significant challenges or changes. Additionally, a fifth stage, called adjourning or mourning, is sometimes included, which focuses on the team disbanding or transitioning to new projects.
Each stage presents its own set of challenges and opportunities for productivity. In the forming stage, productivity is low as team members are just beginning to understand their roles and responsibilities. In the storming stage, productivity may be hindered by conflicts and power struggles. In the norming stage, productivity starts to increase as the team establishes norms and trust. Finally, in the performing stage, productivity is at its highest as the team works efficiently and effectively towards its goals.
To navigate through these stages successfully, team leaders should foster open communication, facilitate conflict resolution, encourage collaboration, and provide support and guidance to the team members. Understanding the stages of team development allows leaders to anticipate and address challenges, build trust, and create an environment that promotes high levels of productivity and collaboration.
To learn more about team development here:
https://brainly.com/question/31465863
#SPJ4
Suppose a company has proposed a new 4-year project. The project has an initial outlay of $30,000 and has expected cash flows of $6,000 in year 1 . $9,000 in year 2,511,000 in year 3 , and $13,000 in year 4 . The required rate of return is 16% for projects at this company. What is the profitability index for this project? (Answer to the nearest hundredth. e.g. 1.23)
The profitability index (PI) for this project is 0.870 for the 4-year project which has an initial outlay of $30,000 and a rate of return of 16%.
Initial Outlay = -$30,000
Year 1 Cash Flow = $6,000
Year 2 Cash Flow =$9,000
Year 3 Cash Flow = $11,000
Year 4 Cash Flow = $13,000
Rate of Return = 16%
To calculate the present value of each cash flow:
PV = CF / [tex](1 + r)^n[/tex]
Year 1 PV = $6,000 / (1 + 0.16)^1 = $6,000 / 1.16
Year 1 PV = $5,172.41
Year 2 PV = $9,000 / (1 + 0.16)^2 = $9,000 / 1.3456
Year 2 PV = $6,691.38
Year 3 PV = $11,000 / (1 + 0.16)^3 = $11,000 / 1.555136
Year 3 PV = $7,071.01
Year 4 PV = $13,000 / (1 + 0.16)^4 = $13,000 / 1.80560496
Year 4 PV = $7,181.21
The PV for all cash flow,
PV of all cash flows = PV1 + PV2 + PV3 + PV4
PV of all cash flows = $5,172.41 + $6,691.38 + $7,071.01 + $7,181.21
PV of all cash flows = $26,116.01
The profitability index is:
PI = PV of all cash flows / Initial Outlay
PI = $26,116.01 / $30,000
PI = 0.870
Therefore, the profitability index (PI) for this project is 0.870.
To learn more about the Profitability index
https://brainly.com/question/33108539
#SPJ4
1. The economy and culture are entirely distinct and unrelated spheres of society. True or False
2. Why did Henry Ford pay his workers at the Ford Motor Company $5 day (way above the market average)?
a) To pay a wage to support the entire family
b) To encourage a loyal workforce
c) To allow for higher expectations of the workers
d) All of the above
1. False d) All of the above. henry Ford paid his workers $5 a day to achieve multiple objectives: to support families, foster loyalty, and raise expectations.
It aimed to reduce turnover, increase productivity, and enable workers to afford the cars they were producing, creating a self-sustaining market for his products.
Henry Ford's decision to pay his workers $5 a day at the Ford Motor Company encompassed multiple reasons. Firstly, Ford wanted to ensure that his employees could support their entire families on a single wage. This approach aimed to address social concerns by providing a decent standard of living for workers and their dependents.
Secondly, Ford recognized that higher wages would promote loyalty among his workforce. By offering wages well above the market average, he sought to cultivate a committed and dedicated workforce. This, in turn, would reduce turnover rates and foster a sense of stability within the company.
Lastly, Ford's decision to pay higher wages also had the strategic objective of setting higher expectations for his workers. By providing a substantial income, he believed that employees would feel a greater responsibility to meet and exceed the company's production targets and quality standards.
Collectively, these factors worked in tandem to achieve several outcomes. The higher wages helped attract and retain skilled workers, resulting in increased productivity and improved quality of Ford automobiles. Furthermore, the increased purchasing power of Ford's workers allowed them to afford the very cars they were producing, effectively creating a self-sustaining market for his products.
In summary, Henry Ford's decision to pay his workers $5 a day went beyond simply compensating them fairly. It aimed to address social issues, build a loyal workforce, and raise performance expectations, ultimately benefiting both the workers and the company.
Learn more about company here:
https://brainly.com/question/30532251
#SPJ11
Which of the following statements is NOT considered a disadvantage of the corporate form of organization?
a. additional taxes
b. separation of ownership and management
c. government regulations
d. limited liability of shareholders
The statement that is NOT considered a disadvantage of the corporate form of organization is "limited liability of shareholders."
The corporate form of organization offers limited liability to shareholders, which means that their personal assets are generally protected from the company's debts and obligations. This is a significant advantage of the corporate structure as it provides a layer of financial protection for shareholders. Therefore, option (d) "limited liability of shareholders" is not considered a disadvantage but rather a benefit of the corporate form.
On the other hand, the other options listed do represent disadvantages of the corporate form:
a. Additional taxes: Corporations are subject to double taxation, where the company's profits are taxed at the corporate level and then shareholders are taxed on dividends or capital gains.
b. Separation of ownership and management: In large corporations, the separation of ownership and management can lead to agency problems and conflicts of interest between shareholders and management.
c. Government regulations: Corporations are subject to numerous government regulations and compliance requirements, which can be time-consuming and costly to adhere to.
Therefore, option (d) "limited liability of shareholders" is not considered a disadvantage of the corporate form, while the other options represent valid drawbacks of this organizational structure.
Learn more about assets here: https://brainly.com/question/14826727
#SPJ11
Which type of change does NOT typically require the use of change management procedures?
Select one:
a. changes to ACLs
b. new VPN gateways
c. changing a manager's permissions to a file
d. new password systems or procedures
New password systems or procedures typically requires the use of change management procedures.
Why does changing passwords require the use of change management procedures?
Changing passwords typically requires the use of change management procedures due to the potential impact on an organization's security. Passwords are a critical component of securing systems, data, and sensitive information. When passwords are compromised, unauthorized individuals can gain access to confidential resources, leading to data breaches, unauthorized access, or other security incidents.
Change management procedures ensure that password changes are implemented in a controlled and secure manner. These procedures involve assessing the potential risks and impacts of the password change, obtaining necessary approvals from relevant stakeholders, and following established protocols for communicating and implementing the change. By utilizing change management procedures, organizations can minimize the risk of password-related security incidents, ensure proper authentication and access controls, and maintain the integrity and confidentiality of their systems and data. This approach helps organizations maintain a robust security posture and protect against potential threats and vulnerabilities associated with passwords.
To learn more about management procedures visit:
https://brainly.com/question/25453419
#SPJ11
Many organizations want employees to be innovative and to find new products and services to generate profit. If you owned a successful company, what steps could you take to encourage employees to innovate, encourage employee collaboration, develop deep customer empathy, and still maintain high quality for your consumers?
Your response should be NO less than 350 words.
To encourage innovation, employee collaboration, customer empathy, and maintain high product quality, a successful company can implement various strategies.
These include fostering a culture of innovation, providing resources and support for experimentation, promoting cross-functional collaboration, incentivizing creativity, conducting customer research and feedback sessions, investing in employee development, and establishing quality control measures.
To foster innovation and encourage employees to generate new ideas, it is crucial to establish a culture that values and rewards innovation. This can be done by creating an open and supportive work environment where employees feel empowered to take risks and share their ideas. Encouraging cross-functional collaboration is essential for promoting diverse perspectives and brainstorming sessions.
Providing resources and support for experimentation allows employees to explore new concepts and test innovative solutions. This can involve allocating dedicated time for research and development projects, providing access to cutting-edge technology and tools, and offering training and workshops on innovation methodologies.
Developing deep customer empathy involves understanding customers' needs, pain points, and desires. Conducting customer research, interviews, and surveys can provide valuable insights for product development. Regular feedback sessions and engagement with customers help build strong relationships and enable continuous improvement based on customer preferences.
Maintaining high product quality requires implementing robust quality control measures. This includes establishing clear quality standards, conducting thorough testing and evaluation processes, and involving employees in quality improvement initiatives. It is essential to communicate the company's commitment to quality and ensure that all employees understand their role in delivering high-quality products and services.
Incentivizing creativity and innovation can be achieved through recognition programs, performance bonuses, or even creating dedicated innovation teams with special incentives. Investing in employee development and providing opportunities for learning and growth can foster a culture of continuous improvement and innovation.
Overall, by implementing these strategies, a successful company can create an environment that encourages employees to innovate, collaborate, understand customer needs, and maintain high product quality, ultimately leading to sustained business success.
Learn more about innovation methodologies here:
https://brainly.com/question/32596815
#SPJ11
Show your work for full marks 2. John is looking for a mortgage to purchase a house, which costs one million dollars. A bank offers him a 20-year Canadian mortgage of $800,000 with monthly payments and an annual interest rate of 3.4% compounded semiannually. (a) (5 points) Find the monthly payment of this mortgage. (b) (5 points) Coincidentally, John owns a bond with a face value of $100,000 that pays semiannual coupons at the same value as John's monthly payment. The interest rate is 3.4% compounded semianmually and the bond matures in 10 years. If John sells his bond today, would he have enough money to cover his $200,000 down payment?
(a) To find the monthly payment of the mortgage, we can use the formula for the monthly payment of an amortizing loan:
Monthly Payment = P * (r * (1 + r)^n) / ((1 + r)^n - 1)
Where:
P = Principal amount of the loan
r = Monthly interest rate
n = Total number of monthly payments
Given:
Principal amount (P) = $800,000
Annual interest rate = 3.4%
Compounding frequency = Semiannually
Loan term = 20 years
First, we need to calculate the monthly interest rate and the total number of monthly payments:
Monthly interest rate (r) = (1 + Annual interest rate)^(1/12) - 1
r = (1 + 0.034)^(1/12) - 1
Total number of monthly payments (n) = Loan term in years * 12
n = 20 * 12
Now, let's calculate the monthly payment:
Monthly Payment = 800,000 * (r * (1 + r)^n) / ((1 + r)^n - 1)
(b) To determine if John has enough money from selling his bond to cover the $200,000 down payment, we need to calculate the present value of the bond. The present value of the bond can be calculated using the formula:
Present Value = Coupon Payment * (1 - (1 + r)^(-n)) / r + Face Value / (1 + r)^n
Where:
Coupon Payment = Monthly mortgage payment
r = Semiannual interest rate
n = Number of semiannual periods remaining until maturity
Given:
Coupon Payment = Monthly mortgage payment
Semiannual interest rate (r) = (1 + Annual interest rate)^(1/2) - 1
Maturity of the bond = 10 years
Now, let's calculate the present value of the bond and compare it to the down payment:
If the present value of the bond is greater than or equal to $200,000, John would have enough money to cover his down payment.
To know more about monthly payment click this link -
brainly.com/question/26192602
#SPJ11
You are estimating the WACC of your firm. There are 14 million common shares outstanding with a market price of $54 per share. The stock’s beta is 1.15, the risk-free rate is 2.3% and expected market return is 12.4%. There is a single bond issue outstanding with a face value of $600 million. Individual bonds have a face value of $10,000, 15 years to maturity, and a 4.0% coupon rate with semi-annual payments. The current bond quote is 89.53. The firm’s marginal tax rate is 30%. Calculate the following:
A. Cost of equity (nearest 1/100 of one percent without % symbol, e.g. 6.98)? Answer
B. Cost of debt (nearest 1/100 of one percent without % symbol, e.g. 6.98)? Answer
C. Weighting of equity (nearest 1/100 of one percent without % symbol, e.g. 6.98)? Answer
D. Weighting of debt (nearest 1/100 of one percent without % symbol, e.g. 6.98)? Answer
E. Weighted average cost of capital (nearest 1/100 of one percent without % symbol, e.g. 6.98)? Answer
Cost of equity: 13.92%. Cost of debt: 4.47%. Weighting of equity: 4.48%. Weighting of debt: 95.52%. Weighted average cost of capital (WACC): 4.54%.
To calculate the various components and the weighted average cost of capital (WACC), we need to consider the given information:
- Number of common shares outstanding: 14 million
- Market price per share: $54
- Beta of the stock: 1.15
- Risk-free rate: 2.3%
- Expected market return: 12.4%
- Face value of the bond issue: $600 million
- Face value of individual bonds: $10,000
- Years to maturity: 15 years
- Coupon rate: 4.0%
- Bond quote: 89.53
- Marginal tax rate: 30%
A. Cost of equity:
The cost of equity can be calculated using the Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) formula:
Cost of Equity = Risk-free rate + Beta * (Expected market return - Risk-free rate)
Substituting the given values:
Cost of Equity = 2.3% + 1.15 * (12.4% - 2.3%)
Cost of Equity = 2.3% + 1.15 * 10.1%
Cost of Equity = 2.3% + 11.615%
Cost of Equity ≈ 13.915% or 13.92% (nearest 1/100 of one percent without % symbol)
B. Cost of debt:
The cost of debt can be calculated using the yield to maturity of the bond:
Cost of Debt = (Coupon payment / Bond price) + (Face value - Bond price) / (Years to maturity * Bond price)
Substituting the given values:
Coupon payment = 4.0% * $10,000 = $400
Bond price = 89.53% * $10,000 = $8,953
Cost of Debt = ($400 / $8,953) + ($10,000 - $8,953) / (15 * $8,953)
Cost of Debt ≈ 4.47% or 4.47% (nearest 1/100 of one percent without % symbol)
C. Weighting of equity:
The weighting of equity is calculated as the market value of equity divided by the sum of the market value of equity and the market value of debt:
Weighting of Equity = Market value of equity / (Market value of equity + Market value of debt)
Market value of equity = Number of common shares outstanding * Market price per share
Market value of equity = 14 million * $54
Weighting of Equity = (14 million * $54) / [(14 million * $54) + $600 million]
Weighting of Equity ≈ 4.48% or 4.48% (nearest 1/100 of one percent without % symbol)
D. Weighting of debt:
The weighting of debt is calculated as the market value of debt divided by the sum of the market value of equity and the market value of debt:
Weighting of Debt = Market value of debt / (Market value of equity + Market value of debt)
Market value of debt = Bond quote * Face value of bond issue
Market value of debt = 89.53% * $600 million
Weighting of Debt = (89.53% * $600 million) / [(14 million * $54) + (89.53% * $600 million)]
Weighting of Debt ≈ 95.52% or 95.52% (nearest 1/100 of one percent without % symbol)
E. Weighted average cost of capital (WACC):
The WACC is calculated as the weighted average of the cost of equity and the cost of debt, weighted by their respective weightings:
WACC = (Weighting of
Equity * Cost of Equity) + (Weighting of Debt * Cost of Debt)
WACC = (4.48% * 13.92%) + (95.52% * 4.47%)
WACC ≈ 4.5376% or 4.54% (nearest 1/100 of one percent without % symbol)
Therefore, the answers are:
A. Cost of equity: 13.92%
B. Cost of debt: 4.47%
C. Weighting of equity: 4.48%
D. Weighting of debt: 95.52%
E. Weighted average cost of capital (WACC): 4.54%
To learn more about weighted average cost click here: brainly.com/question/30746642
#SPJ11
QUESTIONS
Use SWOT to analysis the company
write hypothesis and assumptions. Use industry data, information from ebook or industry experts, and other resources that you find online.
State two engaging target user personas for your proposed solution. They must include the six most common persona elements.
case 1
Two Birds, One Stone Publishing is a medium-sized, family-owned publishing house based in New York, established in 1935. Two Birds is estimated to be worth $125 million. The company entered the digital space five years ago. Leadership and operational teams have struggled to transition print book sales to digital ebook sales, though they realize this shift is vital to their future success. Their ebooks span a number of topics: Persuasion, Entrepreneurship, Innovation and design, Productivity, Self-improvement and Leadership.
Two Birds ebooks have 2-million active users. But in the last two years, those users have not purchased as many ebooks as forecasted. Two Birds projected a 15% increase in ebook sales for the previous quarter but the actual sales only grew 7%. The Two Birds executive team would like to see the digital ebook sales grow by at least 11%, and your team has been tasked with achieving this goal by year’s end. Leadership has given you the flexibility to create your own product strategy. This includes updating and adding new ebook titles and categories, updating the current ebook platform, target customers, pricing, and messaging. You have a huge opportunity to bring an established player successfully into the digital arena.
Ebook Industry in United States - Statistics and Facts
Estimated number of ebooks sold: 307.6M
Number of self-published ebooks: 122,000
Share of consumers who read ebooks: 31%
Preferred ebook marketplace: Amazon
Number of illegal ebook downloads: 17M
Total loss of sales due to illegal downloading: 330.2M
U.S. share of ebooks vs. rest of world: 47%
Two Birds’ Ebook Business Model
Two Birds ebooks are only sold on Amazon and currently can only be accessed via a Kindle.
It’s a subscription platform. For a monthly subscription of $12.99, a user can access 3 ebooks. This subscription can be purchased annually for $129.
If the user chooses to purchase additional ebooks, they receive $1.50 off of the ebook purchase price.
Users can view excerpts of the ebook before purchasing.
Two Birds, One Stone Publishing can increase its digital ebook sales by implementing the proposed solutions and targeting the identified user personas. Increasing the selection of books, adding new features to the current platform, and improving marketing and pricing strategies will help Two Birds attract new customers and retain current ones.
SWOT Analysis of Two Birds, One Stone Publishing:SWOT analysis is an approach to identify the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats of an organization. The following SWOT analysis is conducted on Two Birds, One Stone Publishing.
STRENGTHS:Established brand name with a successful history of 86 yearsDedicated and loyal customersWide range of topics to choose from2 million active users and high rate of user retentionWEAKNESSES:Difficulty in transitioning print book sales to digital ebook salesSales projections not met in the last two yearsLimited availability on a single platform, only on Amazon
OPPORTUNITIES:Expanding to other online platforms or creating its own platformOffering a broader selection of booksIncreasing the sales by improving marketing and pricing strategies
THREATS:Growing competition from other established players and new entrants in the industryIllegal download of ebooks affects salesTwo Birds heavily depends on a single platform, AmazonAssumptions and Hypotheses:Assumptions: Two Birds, One Stone Publishing wants to grow their digital ebook sales by 11%. The company currently has a total of 2 million active users.
Hypothesis:Increasing the selection of books will attract new customers and improve sales.Adding new features to the current platform will increase user engagement and improve sales.Two Engaging Target User Personas for the Proposed Solution:The following are two engaging target user personas for the proposed solution to increase digital ebook sales for Two Birds, One Stone Publishing.1) Persona 1:Name: Emily Smith Age: 27 years Old Gender: Female Occupation: Marketing ExecutivePersona details:Emily Smith is a 27-year-old marketing executive who is looking for a way to improve her skills and grow in her career. She is interested in topics such as leadership, entrepreneurship, and self-improvement. Emily has a busy work schedule, and she enjoys reading on her commute to and from work. She prefers a subscription-based model, which will enable her to access a wide range of books at an affordable price. She wants to explore new authors and books that are not readily available on other platforms.2) Persona 2:Name: William Johnson Age: 45 years Old Gender: Male Occupation: Business OwnerPersona details:William Johnson is a 45-year-old business owner who is always looking for ways to improve his business. He is interested in topics such as innovation and design, productivity, and entrepreneurship. William has a busy schedule and does not have time to go to the bookstore to buy books. He prefers a subscription-based model that will enable him to access books on his tablet or smartphone. William is willing to pay a premium price for premium content. He wants to read books that are relevant to his business and offer practical insights.Conclusion:To conclude, Two Birds, One Stone Publishing can increase its digital ebook sales by implementing the proposed solutions and targeting the identified user personas. Increasing the selection of books, adding new features to the current platform, and improving marketing and pricing strategies will help Two Birds attract new customers and retain current ones.
Learn more about One Stone Publishing-
https://brainly.com/question/33507974?utm_source=android&utm_medium=share&utm_campaign=question
#SPJ11
Answer the following e-commerce questions.
1) What are 2 unique characteristics of online businesses that
make price elasticity an important consideration?
Price elasticity is an important consideration in online businesses due to two unique characteristics: the ease of price comparison and the potential for rapid changes in market conditions.
One unique characteristic of online businesses is the ease of price comparison. With just a few clicks, consumers can compare prices across different websites and online platforms.
This makes price transparency and competitiveness crucial for online sellers. If a product or service is priced too high, customers can easily find alternative options at lower prices, leading to a decrease in demand.
On the other hand, if the price is set too low, businesses may face challenges in maintaining profitability. The second characteristic is the potential for rapid changes in market conditions.
Online businesses operate in a dynamic and fast-paced environment where market trends and consumer preferences can shift quickly. Factors such as changes in demand, competitor pricing strategies, and market disruptions can affect price elasticity.
Online sellers need to be responsive and adaptable to these changes to effectively manage their pricing strategies and maintain a competitive edge.
Considering these unique characteristics, online businesses must carefully analyze price elasticity to strike the right balance between profitability and customer demand.
They need to monitor market dynamics, competitors' pricing, and customer behavior to make informed pricing decisions that align with their business goals and meet the expectations of price-sensitive online consumers.
learn more about Demand here:
https://brainly.in/question/49584613
#SPJ11
monetary theorem
2. Which type of bonds can a microfinance involve in or sell? 4:37 AM
Microfinance institutions (MFIs) can include a variety of bonds and debt instruments in their portfolios or sell. These bonds can be divided into two categories: local currency bonds and foreign currency bonds.
MFIs are more likely to participate in local currency bonds, which are debt securities that are denominated in the currency of the issuer's country and pay interest at a fixed or floating rate over a specified period. These bonds may be issued by governments, public sector entities, and corporations.Local currency bonds, in addition to providing the security of a home currency, may benefit from local tax advantages and lower currency risk.
Foreign currency bonds are typically issued by corporations and governments to raise funds in a foreign currency. Although foreign currency bonds can provide a high yield, they carry a higher risk because they are subject to currency fluctuations. As a result, MFIs are less likely to hold or sell foreign currency bonds, which are more difficult to obtain due to the need for international legal and regulatory frameworks to ensure their stability.
To know more about bonds refer here
brainly.com/question/30638118
#SPJ11
A business is formed to earn a profit, not just to not make a
loss or break even. Discuss
The primary goal of a business is to earn a profit rather than simply avoiding losses or breaking even. Making a profit is essential for the long-term sustainability and growth of a business.
Profit is the financial reward that a business receives for successfully meeting the needs and demands of its customers. It serves as an indicator of the business's ability to generate value and generate returns for its owners and shareholders.
Making a profit allows a business to reinvest in its operations, expand its reach, develop new products or services, attract talented employees, and withstand economic uncertainties.
While avoiding losses and breaking even are important for short-term stability, focusing solely on these aspects may limit a business's potential for growth and innovation.
Profit provides the necessary resources and financial stability to invest in research and development, marketing strategies, technology upgrades, and other initiatives that drive competitiveness and market position.
Moreover, earning a profit is a measure of efficiency and effectiveness in utilizing resources. It signifies that the business is creating value and generating a surplus beyond its costs. This surplus can be used to reward stakeholders, support social responsibility initiatives, and fuel future growth.
In conclusion, while minimizing losses and achieving breakeven are necessary milestones for a business, the pursuit of profit remains essential for long-term success, growth, and sustainability.
Profitability allows businesses to invest, innovate, and thrive in a competitive marketplace, benefitting not only the business itself but also its stakeholders and the broader economy.
Learn more about shareholders here:
https://brainly.com/question/32134220
#SPJ11
In December 2018 , Generat Electric (Ge) had a book value of equity of $52.1 billon, 8.5 biltion shares outstanding, and a market price of $8. 09 per share. GE also had cash of $707 buicon, and lo9al debt of $109.9 billion a. What was GEs markel capitalization? Whal was GE's market-to.book ratio? b. What was Ge's book debtequity ratio? What was GES market debtequity rabio? c. What was GE's enterpise value? 3. What was GE's market capitakzation? GE's market canitalkationwas: bition (Round to one decimal place.)
To calculate the market capitalization of GE, we multiply the number of shares outstanding by the market price per share:
Market capitalization = Number of shares outstanding × Market price per share
Market capitalization = 8.5 billion shares × $8.09 per share
Market capitalization = $68.765 billion
The market-to-book ratio is the ratio of the market capitalization to the book value of equity:
Market-to-book ratio = Market capitalization / Book value of equity
Market-to-book ratio = $68.765 billion / $52.1 billion
Market-to-book ratio ≈ 1.32
To calculate GE's book debt-to-equity ratio, we divide the book debt by the book value of equity:
Book debt-to-equity ratio = Book debt / Book value of equity
Book debt-to-equity ratio = $109.9 billion / $52.1 billion
Book debt-to-equity ratio ≈ 2.11
The market debt-to-equity ratio can be calculated by dividing the market debt by the market value of equity. However, the market debt information is not provided in the given data, so we cannot calculate the market debt-to-equity ratio.
To calculate GE's enterprise value, we need to consider both the market value of equity and the market value of debt. Since the market value of debt is not given, we cannot calculate the exact enterprise value in this case.
Lastly, the question asks for the market capitalization, which was calculated earlier, to be repeated. GE's market capitalization is approximately $68.8 billion.
For more information on market capitalization visit https://brainly.com/question/30353422
#SPJ11
A bank offers a savings account with a stated annual interest rate of 6%. Interest is compounded quarterly (four times per year). If you deposit $100 into this account today, what will the account balance be two years from today? (Round your final answer to the nearest cent)
Multiple Choice
$112.65
$112.00
$112.36
$112.48
$112.72
The account balance two years from today, with a $100 initial deposit, and a 6% annual interest rate compounded quarterly, will be approximately $112.36.
To calculate the account balance, we can use the formula for compound interest: A = P(1 + r/n)^(nt), where A is the final amount, P is the principal (initial deposit), r is the annual interest rate (as a decimal), n is the number of times interest is compounded per year, and t is the number of years.
In this case, the principal is $100, the annual interest rate is 6% or 0.06, interest is compounded quarterly (n = 4), and the time period is two years (t = 2). Plugging these values into the formula, we get:
A = $100(1 + 0.06/4)^(4*2) ≈ $112.36
Therefore, the account balance will be approximately $112.36 two years from today, rounded to the nearest cent. The correct answer choice is $112.36.
Learn more about interest here:
https://brainly.com/question/31809089
#SPJ11
what growth strategy combines new markets and new products?
The growth strategy that combines new markets and new products is commonly known as market development or market diversification.
Market development involves expanding a company's reach into new market segments or geographic locations, while new product development focuses on creating and introducing innovative products to the market.
By combining these two strategies, a company seeks to achieve growth by targeting untappedr custome segments or entering new markets with novel products.
This approach allows businesses to leverage their existing capabilities and resources to explore fresh opportunities and increase their market share.
Learn about more growth strategy here: brainly.com/question/14052047?referrer=searchResults
#SPJ11
The owner of fast-growing Jackson Lumber has called you in to provide financial consulting services. The owner complains that he never seems to have enough cash on hand to fund his business. During your research, you find that the company is exceeding its sustainable growth rate. Which of the following actions would you recommend to improve the cash position of the company?
A. Take on more debt.
B. Reduce the sale of products that are not producing sufficient profit margins.
C. Consider price increases to existing products.
D. Increase the dividend that is paid to shareholders.
E. A, B, and C above.
Given that Jackson Lumber is growing faster than its sustainable rate, a mix of choices B and C would be advised in order to strengthen the company's cash position. In light of the aforementioned, the solution would be E: A, B, and C.
Increasing debt may enhance short-term cash flow, but it also exposes the organisation to greater financial risk and interest costs. The company is already growing faster than it can support, so taking on more debt could ultimately make the cash flow problem worse.Reducing sales of goods with insufficient profit margins would help the business make the best use of its resources. The business can boost its overall financial performance and produce more cash by concentrating on products with larger profit margins.
learn more about aforementioned here :
https://brainly.com/question/18218838
#SPJ11
The project manager refused to learn to use the scheduling software and templates the company had bought for the team. Instead, he kept track of the schedule in his head and on his whiteboard, Near the end of the project, he realized that he'd forgotten about some important tasks, and his ship date slipped by two months. Neglected Characteristic:
Knowledge
Performance
Personals Skill
The project manager's neglect of his knowledge of the scheduling software and templates led to the project being delayed.
The project manager neglected his knowledge of the scheduling software and templates. He refused to learn how to use them, which led to him forgetting about important tasks and delaying the project.
His performance was also affected by his lack of knowledge. He was unable to effectively track the project schedule, which led to the project being delayed.
His personal skills may have also played a role in the project's delay. He may have been too proud to admit that he didn't know how to use the scheduling software, or he may have been afraid of looking incompetent in front of his team.
Ultimately, the project manager's neglect of his knowledge of the scheduling software and templates led to the project being delayed. This is a clear example of how neglecting knowledge can have a negative impact on performance.
To learn more about project manager: https://brainly.com/question/29023210
#SPJ11
If you invest $1,610 at the end of each of the next five years at 4.6% p.a., how much will you have after 5 years?
You will have approximately $8,645.70 after 5 years. By investing $1,610 at the end of each of the next five years at an annual interest rate of 4.6%, you can expect to have approximately $8,645.70 after 5 years.
To calculate the future value of the investment after 5 years, we can use the formula for the future value of an ordinary annuity:
Future Value = Payment * ((1 + Interest Rate)^Time - 1) / Interest Rate
Where:
Payment = $1,610 (end-of-year investment amount)
Interest Rate = 4.6% per year
Time = 5 years
Plugging in the values into the formula, we have:
Future Value = $1,610 * ((1 + 0.046)^5 - 1) / 0.046
= $1,610 * (1.046^5 - 1) / 0.046
≈ $8,645.70
Therefore, you will have approximately $8,645.70 after 5 years of making an end-of-year investment of $1,610 at an interest rate of 4.6% per year.
By investing $1,610 at the end of each of the next five years at an annual interest rate of 4.6%, you can expect to have approximately $8,645.70 after 5 years. It's important to consider the time, investment amount, and interest rate to determine the future value of an annuity and plan for your financial goals accordingly.
To know more about interest, visit
https://brainly.com/question/29451175
#SPJ11
Perform A Job Analysis for your Current Job or a future job
which you aspire to have. 500 WORDS
Job analysis is a systematic process that involves gathering and analyzing information about a particular job to identify its tasks, responsibilities, skills, knowledge, and other relevant factors. It serves as a foundation for various HR functions such as job descriptions, recruitment, training, performance management, and compensation.
To conduct a job analysis, you can follow these steps:
Identify the Job: Clearly define the job title and its position within the organization.
Collect Job Information: Gather data by interviewing job incumbents, supervisors, and other stakeholders. Collect information on job tasks, duties, responsibilities, and the context in which the job operates. Document the physical and cognitive requirements, work environment, and any special conditions associated with the job.
Identify Job Competencies: Determine the knowledge, skills, abilities, and other competencies required to perform the job effectively. This may include technical skills, interpersonal skills, problem-solving abilities, or specific certifications or qualifications.
Analyze Job Performance: Assess the key performance indicators and standards of performance expected from individuals in the job role. Identify the metrics, goals, and objectives that measure success in the job.
Review Job Documentation: Examine existing job descriptions, performance evaluations, and other relevant documents to gain additional insights into the job requirements.
Validate and Verify: Share the job analysis findings with relevant stakeholders, such as supervisors, HR professionals, and incumbents, to ensure accuracy and obtain feedback.
By conducting a thorough job analysis, you can gain a better understanding of the job you currently hold or the future job you aspire to have, and it can help you in making informed decisions related to career development, skill acquisition, and job satisfaction.
To learn more about, HR Functions, click here, https://brainly.com/question/30512648
#SPJ11
Coronado Merchandise planned to produce 45,900 fleece jackets in its Metairie, Louisiana, factory. Fixed overhead costs for the factory were budgeted to be $541,000. The company actually spent $553,600 on fixed overhead and produced 44,700 jackets. C
alculate the fixed overhead spending variance. (If variance is zero, select "Not Applicable" and enter O for the amounts.)
Fixed overhead spending variance $____ favorable/unfavorable/not applicable
The fixed overhead spending variance is $12,600 unfavorable.
To calculate the fixed overhead spending variance, we need to compare the actual fixed overhead costs incurred with the budgeted fixed overhead costs.
Budgeted fixed overhead costs = $541,000
Actual fixed overhead costs = $553,600
The fixed overhead spending variance is calculated as follows:
Fixed Overhead Spending Variance = Actual Fixed Overhead Costs - Budgeted Fixed Overhead Costs
Fixed Overhead Spending Variance = $553,600 - $541,000
Fixed Overhead Spending Variance = $12,600
Since the actual fixed overhead costs ($553,600) exceeded the budgeted fixed overhead costs ($541,000), the fixed overhead spending variance is unfavorable. This means that the company spent more on fixed overhead costs than it had originally budgeted.
Therefore, the fixed overhead spending variance is $12,600 unfavorable.
To learn more about overhead costs
https://brainly.com/question/13037939
#SPJ8
[The following information applies to the questions displayed below] Following are the issuances of stock transactions: 1. A corporation issued 5,000 shares of $20 par value common stock for $120,000 cash. 2. A corporation issued 2,500 shares of no-par common stock to its promoters in exchange for their efforts, estimoted to be worth $37,000. The stock has a $1 per share stated value. 3. A corporation issued 2,500 shares of no-par common stock to its promoters in exchange for their efforts, estimated to be worth $37,000. The stock has no stated value. 4. A corporation issued 1,250 shares of $50 par value preferred stock for $99,500 cash. Analyze each transaction from issuances of stock by showing its effect on the accounting equation-specifically, identify the accounts and amounts (including + or -) for each transaction,
Previous question
1. Cash +$120,000, Common Stock +$100,000, Excess of Par Value +$20,000. 2. No-par Common Stock +$37,000, Excess of Stated Value +$37,000. 3. No-par Common Stock +$37,000. 4. Cash -$99,500, Preferred Stock +$62,500, Excess of Par Value +$37,000.
1. In transaction 1, the issuance of 5,000 shares of $20 par value common stock for $120,000 cash increases the Cash account by $120,000. The Common Stock account is also affected, increasing by the par value per share ($20) multiplied by the number of shares (5,000), which is $100,000. The remaining $20,000 is recorded as an increase in the Paid-in Capital in Excess of Par Value account.
2. In transaction 2, the issuance of 2,500 shares of no-par common stock to promoters in exchange for their efforts, estimated to be worth $37,000, increases the No-par Common Stock account by $37,000. The corresponding increase in the Paid-in Capital in Excess of Stated Value account reflects the value assigned to the stock beyond its stated value, which is also $37,000.
3. In transaction 3, the issuance of 2,500 shares of no-par common stock to promoters in exchange for their efforts, estimated to be worth $37,000, has the same effect as transaction 2, increasing the No-par Common Stock account by $37,000. However, since the stock has no stated value, there is no additional account affected.
4. In transaction 4, the issuance of 1,250 shares of $50 par value preferred stock for $99,500 cash decreases the Cash account by $99,500. The Preferred Stock account increases by the par value per share ($50) multiplied by the number of shares (1,250), which is $62,500. The remaining $37,000 is recorded as an increase in the Paid-in Capital in Excess of Par Value account.
Therefore, each transaction's effect on the accounting equation is summarized by identifying the accounts and amounts impacted by the issuance of stock.
To know more about Stock, click here:
brainly.com/question/31940696
#SPJ11
Define and explain biculturalism and multiculturalism showing
how each term can positively and negatively affect global
management.
Biculturalism is a term that describes a person's or group's ability to function in two cultures or languages. Multiculturalism, on the other hand, refers to the coexistence of different cultural groups in society without one being dominant over the others.
Biculturalism can positively impact global management because it allows individuals to adapt to different cultures and work environments more quickly. When individuals are able to function in more than one culture, they can communicate better with people from different backgrounds and create more harmonious working relationships. However, biculturalism can also have a negative impact on global management because it may cause individuals to lose touch with their own culture, which can lead to identity issues and cultural conflict.
Multiculturalism can positively impact global management because it recognizes and celebrates diversity, which can lead to greater innovation and creativity in the workplace. When people from different cultural backgrounds work together, they can bring different perspectives and ideas to the table. This can lead to better problem-solving and more effective decision-making. However, multiculturalism can also have a negative impact on global management because it can lead to cultural clashes and misunderstandings.
Learn more about Biculturalism https://brainly.com/question/28236406
#SPJ11
Ms. Kangana Ranaut was appointed as auditor for Ranggoli Productions Sdn. Bhd. During the course of auditing, she discovered some discrepancies in the company’s account. Rumours were circulating for months that Mr. Javed Akhtar, the accounts manager had misappropriated the company’s cash flows for his own personal use.Ms. Kangana Ranaut decided to lodge a report on the discrepancies and the rumours about Mr. Javed Akhtar. Ms. Kangana Ranaut seeks your advice as she fears that she will be sued for defamati on if the reports against Mr. Javed Akhtar turned out to be untrue.
Advise Ms.Kangana Ranaut on how to address this matter and her rights as an auditor and provide relevant cases based on Companies Act 2016 (Malaysia).
While no specific cases are provided in this response, Ms. Kangana Ranaut should consult with a legal professional familiar with Malaysian company law to ensure she follows the correct procedures and safeguards her rights as an auditor.
As an auditor, Ms. Kangana Ranaut has a duty to report any suspected fraudulent activities she discovers during the course of her audit. The Companies Act 2016 (Malaysia) provides protections for auditors who act in good faith and exercise due diligence when reporting such matters.
To address this situation, Ms. Kangana Ranaut should follow the proper procedures for reporting suspected fraud or discrepancies within the company. This may include notifying the company's management or board of directors, as well as the appropriate regulatory authorities, such as the Companies Commission of Malaysia or the Malaysian Anti-Corruption Commission.
It is important for Ms. Kangana Ranaut to document her findings, gather evidence to support her claims and maintain confidentiality during the investigation process. By acting in good faith and fulfilling her duties as an auditor, Ms. Kangana Ranaut can rely on the protections provided by the Companies Act 2016 (Malaysia) to mitigate the risk of defamation lawsuits.
Learn more about auditor at:
https://brainly.com/question/32632603
#SPJ11