5 A farmer stopped maintaining a field that was
once used to grow crops. Over time, the field
eventually became a forest. These changes best
illustrate the process of
(1) ecological succession
(2) nutrient recycling
(3) decomposition
(4) competition

The volume of the balloon at an altitude where the pressure is 530 torr if the temperature remains constant is 4.33 L

Calculation,

According to Boyle law, the pressure of a given quantity of gas varies inversely with its volume at constant temperature.

[tex]P_{1} V_{1} =k[/tex]            .....(i)

[tex]P_{1}[/tex]  is initial pressure =765 torr

[tex]V_{1}[/tex] is initial volume = 3L

k is constant

[tex]P_{2} V_{2} =k[/tex]             ....(ii)

[tex]P_{2}[/tex] is final pressure = 530 torr

[tex]V_{2}[/tex]  is final volume =?

k is constant

Combining equation (i) and (ii). we get,

[tex]P_{1} V_{1} =P_{2} V_{2}[/tex]

765 torr × 3L= [tex]V_{2}[/tex]  ×530 torr

[tex]V_{2}[/tex]   =  765 torr × 3L/530 torr = 4.33 L

Boyle law used during respiration or breathing.

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As a gaseous element condenses, the atoms become close together and they have more attraction for one another.

What is condensation?

Examples:

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A sample 0. 100 moles of a gas is collected at at STP . 2.24 is the volume of the gas in liters.

The STP means standard temperature and pressure.

At STP,

Temperature = 0 °C =273 K

Pressure = 1 atm

We get value of volume by using ideal gas equation,

PV = nRT

Calculation,

Since, one mole of a gas occupy 22.4 L volume at STP

So, for 0.1 mole volume occupy = 22.4L × 0.1 mole/1 mole =  2.24L

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Answer:

Advection

Explanation:

Advection refers to the process over which heat transferred laterally in the atmosphere by horizontal wind movement.

The electrons are transferred in the given redox reaction are 2 electrons.

When oxidation and reduction that is gaining of electron and loosing of electrons takes place simultaneously in a chemical reaction then it would be known as redox reaction.

In terms of oxygen the gaining of oxygen is oxidation and loosing of oxygen is reduction.

In the given chemical reaction the transfer of two electrons will be as follows

Zn₂ (2e) + AgNo₃ → 2Ag (2e) + Zn(NO₃)₂

It is clear from the reaction their is transfer of two electrons zinc is loosing 2 electrons undergoes to oxidation while silver gets reduced.

Therefore, transfer of only two electrons.

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A 45. 0 L gas cylinder contains 988 g He at 23 °C then pressure inside the cylinder is  134.67 atm.

Calculation,

Formula used :The ideal gas equation is given as,

PV = nRT                       ....(i)

Where , P is pressure of the gas = ?

V = volume of the gas =  45. 0 L

R = universal gas constant =  0. 08206 L⋅atm/mol⋅K

T = Temperature = 23 °C = 23 + 273 = 299 K

n = number of moles = given mass/ molar mass =  988 g/4 = 247 moles

Putting the value of P , V , T , R and n in equation (i) we get

P×45. 0 L  =  247 moles× 0. 08206 L⋅atm/mol⋅K×299 K

P = 247 moles× 0. 08206 L⋅atm/mol⋅K×299 K /45. 0 L = 134.67 atm

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There are  34  protons , 45 neutrons and 36 electrons, in that order are present in the anion formed by one atom of 79Se .

Calculation

The number of electron / protons ( present in the nucleus ) of the atom is equal to atomic number .

The sum of  number of electron / protons ( present in the nucleus ) and neutrons  ( present in the nucleus )  of the atom is called atomic mass.

The atomic number of Se = 34

The Mass number or atomic mass of Se = 79

The anion of Se = [tex]Se^{-2}[/tex]

It means two electron loss by Se and form  [tex]Se^{-2}[/tex] .

So , the difference between number of electrons and protons = 2

Hence , number of electron and proton in  [tex]Se^{-2}[/tex] anion is 34 ( two less than number of protons ) and 36

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Answer:

Reaction rate is increased by an increase in kinetic energy

of the reacting particles when their

is _temperature_

increased

A . Collision theory

B . Surface Area

C . Temperature

D. Concentration

The reaction is at equilibrium. Option C

The term equilibrium constant refers to a value that shows the extent to which reactants are converted into products in the reaction.

We know that;

∆G =∆G'° + RT In Keq

∆G'°  = −4.40 kJ/mol

R = 8.314 J/K/mol

T = 25 + 273 = 298 K

Thus;

∆G = −4.40 * 10^3 + (8.314 *  298  * ln[2.90 * 10^-3/0.490  * 10^-3]

∆G =  −4.40 * 10^3 + 4.40 * 10^3

∆G = 0

Hence, the reaction is at equilibrium.

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1) Consider the following metabolic reaction:

2-Phosphoglycerate ® 3-Phosphoglycerate DG°' = −4.40 kJ/mol

What can be said about this reaction when the concentration of 2-phosphoglycerate is 0.490 mM and the concentration of 3-phosphoglycerate is 2.90 mM at 25°C?

I. This reaction is endergonic under these conditions.

II. This reaction is exergonic under these conditions.

III. This reaction is at equilibrium under these conditions.

IV. This reaction is not favorable under standard conditions.

A) I, IV

B) II only

C) III only

D) IV only

E) None of the above

2) Consider the following metabolic reaction:

Because of the enzyme action of Amylase, the chemical breakdown of starch happens in the mouth.

It is an enzyme, simply a type of protein that aids in breaking down the carbohydrates in your body. The main two glands as the pancreas and salivary glands help in making amylase in your mouth.

A small amount of amylase is also present in your urine and blood. If the levels present in your body are high then it causes health problems.

The amylase test performs to know the amount of amylase present in your body. This test is called as "amy test".

The normal range of Amylase in the human body is 40 to 140 U/L or 0.38 to 1.42 microkat/L.

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A molecular orbital that decreases the electron density between two nuclei is said to be antibonding.

The bonding orbital, which would be more stable and encourages the bonding of the two H atoms into [tex]H_{2}[/tex], is the orbital that is located in a less energetic state than just the electron shells of the separate atoms. The antibonding orbital, which has higher energy but is less stable, resists bonding when it is occupied.

An asterisk (sigma*) is placed next to the corresponding kind of molecular orbital to indicate an antibonding orbital. The antibonding orbital known as * would be connected to sigma orbitals, as well as antibonding pi orbitals are known as [tex]\pi[/tex]* orbitals.

Therefore,  molecular orbital that decreases the electron density between two nuclei is said to be antibonding.

Hence, the correct answer will be option (b)

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Single displacement

Reactant

Double displacement

Product

The molecular mass of MgCO3 is 84.313 grams/mol.

The relative molecular mass of MgCo3

Symbol          Mg                               C                                O

Atoms             1                                  1                                 3

Name         Magnesium                  Carbon                      Oxygen

Atomic            12                                6                                 8

Molar Mass   24.305                      12.011                        15.999  

Total              24.305                      12.011                        47.997=84.313

The molecular mass of MgCO3 is 84.313 grams/mol.

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The molarity of the solution can be used to give the moles and the volume of the solution. The 0.0140 M sodium thiosulfate needs 225 ml of volume.

Molarity is the property of the solution that is given by the ratio of the moles of the solute to the volume of the solution in liters.

Given,

Molarity of Sodium thiosulfate = 0.0140 M

Mass of solute (AgBr) = 0.590 gm

Molar mass of AgBr = 187.77 g/mol

First moles from the mass can be calculated as,

Moles = mass ÷ molar mass

n = 0.590 g ÷ 187.77 g/mol

= 0.00314 moles

Now, the volume of the solution from molarity is calculated as,

Volume = moles ÷ molarity

= 0.00314 moles ÷ 0.0140

= 0.225 L

Therefore, 225 mL is the volume required.

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Answer:

you better give me brainliest

Explanation:

Zinc nitrate and calcium nitrate solution can be distinguished by reaction with ammonium hydroxide. Zinc forms a white gelatinous ppt. whereas there is no precipitation of calcium hydroxide even with excess of ammonium hydroxide

The corresponding concentration values of OH⁻  for the pH values

of following are -

1- 10⁻¹

3- 10⁻³

5- 10⁻⁵

7- 10⁻⁷

9-  10⁻⁹

11- 10⁻¹¹

pH is a logarithmic measure of the hydrogen ion concentration of an aqueous solution pH = -log[H+]

pH describes how acidic or basic an aqueous solution is, where a pH below 7 is acidic and a pH greater than 7 is basic. pH of 7 is considered neutral .

Functions of OH−    :

OH− functions as a base .

Hydroxide is a diatomic anion with chemical formula OH−. It consists of an oxygen and hydrogen atom held together by a single covalent bond, and carries a negative electric charge.

Hence, this way pH values of these concentrations are mentioned .

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Synthetic fertilizer

It is a process developed by two scientists - Kristian Birkeland and  Sam Eyde - to fix atmospheric nitrogen for the production of fertilizer.

The nitrogen oxide produced is then used in the production of nitric acid and eventually, the production of synthetic fertilizer.

First, nitrogen is fixed into nitrogen oxide:

[tex]N_2 + O_2 --- > 2NO[/tex]

Then, the NO is oxidized:

[tex]2NO + O_2 -- > 2NO_2[/tex]

The nitrous oxide produced is then dissolved in water to form nitric acid:

[tex]3NO_2 + H_2O --- > 2HNO_3 + NO[/tex]

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The steps in which a bacterial cell reproduces is Y → X → Z Option C

The term reproduction refers to the process by which new organisms appear. We know that reproduction must involve the fusion of male and female gametes to yield an offspring. The fusion of the male and female gametes can be described by genetics.

Now we know that bacteria are single cell organisms and that they tend to reproduce by cell division or as-exually. This implies that the fusion of gametes do not occur here.

Hence, the correct order for the steps that are involved in the reproduction of bacterial cells are;

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Answer:

C. Y  X  Z

Explanation:

Answer is although the question should have 3 significant figures.

Fe + CuSO4 --> Cu + FeSO4

It is already balanced

1 mol Fe : 1 mol CuSO4 : 1 mol Cu : 1 mol FeSO4

Fe: 55.8 g/mol

Cu: 63.5 g/mol

number of moles = mass in grams / atomic mass = 93.7 g / 55.8 g/mol = 1.679 mol

1 mol Fe / 1 mol Cu => 1.679 mol Fe / 1.679 mole Cu

mass = atomic mass * number of atoms = 63.5 g/mol * 1.679 moles = 106.6 g = 107 rounded to 3 significant figures.

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An overpack containing four one-liter metal cans of NA1993, Compounds, cleaning liquid, a Class 3 (Flammable liquid), PG III, being offered for transportation by highway, may qualify for specification packaging. This is further explained below.

Generally, The term "specification packaging" refers to a package that meets one of the packaging specifications or standards listed in this subchapter's parts 178 or 179.

In conclusion, It's possible that an overpack that contains four metal cans of one liter each filled with NA1993, Compounds, cleaning liquid, a Class 3 (Flammable liquid), PG III, and that's being provided for transportation on the highway might qualify as specified packing.

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The addition of the product of volume and pressure along with internal energy is called enthalpy. The change in the enthalpy at 1 atm is 24.3 kJ. Thus, option d is correct.

Enthalpy is the measurement of the heat or the energy present in a system that has a constant pressure in the thermodynamic system.

The balanced equation is shown as,

Sn (s) + SnO₂ (s) → 2SnO (s) , ΔH° = 16.2 kJ

The enthalpy change for the reaction is for 2 moles of Tin(II) oxide. So, for 3 moles of Tin(II) oxide produced in the reaction the enthalpy change will be given as,

= (16.2 kJ × 3 mol) ÷ 2 mol

= 24.3 kJ

Therefore, option d. 24.3 kJ is the enthalpy change.

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Your question is incomplete, but most probably your full question was, What Is The Change In Enthalpy At 25°C And 1 Atm For The Production Of 3.00 Mol SnO(S)? Sn (s) + SnO₂ (s) → 2SnO (s) , ΔH° = 16.2 kJ.

Answer:

Red

Explanation:

Red color is evidenced when thymol blue indicator is in a solution having a pH of 11. A pH of 11 means that the solution is basic or alkaline. Therefore, the indicator turns red, indicating that the solution is alkaline.

When thymol blue indicator is in a acidic solution, the indicator remains blue.

The molality of a solution containing 3. 0 moles of NaCl and 100. 0 moles of water is 30 mol/kg.

The number of moles of solute in a solution equal to 1 kg or 1000 g of solvent is referred to as its molality. Mole per kilogram of solvent is the SI unit for molality.

Given:

3.0 moles of NaCl in 100 moles of water.

To find:

The molality of the solution

The moles of solute (NaCl) = 3.0 moles

The mass of solvent (water) = 100 moles (0.1 kg/mol)

Molality of a solution = Number of Moles of solute/ Mass of solvent(kg)

                                 = 3.0 moles/0.1 kg/mol

                                 = 30 mol/kg

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Answer:

The low light eye sight depends on the rod cells of the eye,and the birds have more amount of rod cell in their eyes, that's why they have an extraordinary night vision

When solutions of sodium sulfide and copper(ii) sulfate are mixed, a precipitate of copper(ii) sulfide is formed. The net ionic equation for this reaction is Cu⁺² (aq) + S⁻² (aq) → CuS (s).

The balanced chemical equation is the equation in which the number of atoms on the reactant side is equal to the number of atoms on the product side in an equation.

Now first write the balanced chemical equation

CuSO₄ (aq) + Na₂S (aq)  → CuS(s) + Na₂SO₄ (aq)

Now write the net ionic equation

Cu⁺² (aq) + SO₄⁻² (aq) + 2Na⁺ (aq) + S⁻² (aq) → CuS (s) + 2Na⁺ + SO₄⁻² (aq)

So the net ionic equation is

Cu⁺² (aq) + S⁻² (aq) → CuS (s)

Thus from the above conclusion we can say that When solutions of sodium sulfide and copper(ii) sulfate are mixed, a precipitate of copper(ii) sulfide is formed. The net ionic equation for this reaction is Cu⁺² (aq) + S⁻² (aq) → CuS (s).

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3.6 moles [tex]NH_{3}[/tex] required when each quantity of reactant completely reacts.

The ratio of the mole quantities of any two compounds present in a balanced chemical reaction is known as the mole ratio. A reaction's product yield can be predicted using mole ratios, as can the amount of reactant required to produce a specific amount of result.

The balanced chemical equation is :

[tex]3N_{2} H_{4}[/tex](l) → [tex]4NH_{3}[/tex](g) + [tex]N_{2}[/tex](g)

Given is = 2.6 mol [tex]N_{2} H_{4}[/tex]

As we see, 3 moles of [tex]N_{2} H_{4}[/tex] reacts with  4 moles of [tex]NH_{3}[/tex].

Therefore,

n( [tex]NH_{3}[/tex]) = n(  [tex]N_{2} H_{4}[/tex] ) × [tex]\frac{4}{3}[/tex]

n( [tex]NH_{3}[/tex]) = [tex]2.6mol^{*} \frac{4mol}{3mol}[/tex]

n( [tex]NH_{3}[/tex]) = 3.6 moles.

Therefores, 3.6 moles [tex]NH_{3}[/tex] required when each quantity of reactant completely reacts.

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Chemistry deals with elements and compounds. The properties of matter, changes to matter, and composition of matter are studied in chemistry. Thus, options a, b, and d are correct.

Chemistry is said to be a scientific field under natural sciences that studies the structure, properties, and composition of matter.  It includes atoms, elements, and compounds.

The chemistry includes topics like the properties of matter, including the volume, density, temperature, etc., changes to a matter involving condensation, freezing, vaporization, melting, etc.

The composition of matter including the sub-atomic levels is studied in chemistry. Whereas, the interactions between living things are studied in biology.

Therefore, options a, b, and d. the properties, changes, and composition are studied in chemistry.

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There are  1.554 moles are in the sample of gas when a  gas has a volume of 27. 5 L at 302 K and 1. 40 atm.

Calculation,

The given question is solved by the using of ideal gas equation which is shown below.

PV = nRT                               .... ( i )

where , P is he pressure of the gas = 1. 40 atm

V is the volume occupied by the gas = 27.5 L

R is the universal gas constant = 0.082 L atm/K mol

T is the temperature =  302 K

n is he number of moles of the gas = ?

By putting the value of pressure  P , volume V , Universal gas constant and temperature T in the equation ( i ) we get the number of moles.

1. 40 atm × 27.5 L = n × 0.082 L atm/K mol×  302 K

n = 1. 40 atm × 27.5 L/0.082 L atm/K mol×  302 K = 1.554 mole

There are  1.554 moles are in the sample of gas

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The elements of group IA have been termed alkali metals because of their oxides and hydroxides form alkaline.

An element can be defined as a substance which cannot be split into simpler units by ordinary chemical process

Below are some examples of elements:

Alkali metals refers to any of the soft, light, reactive metals of Group 1 of the periodic table.

Periodic table refers to a tabular chart of the chemical elements according to their atomic numbers so that elements with similar properties are in the same column.

So therefore, the elements of group IA have been termed alkali metals because of their oxides and hydroxides form alkaline.

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The statement NADH and FADH2 donates electrons to the electron transport chain at the same point is true.

In this step  NADH and FADH2, donates electrons to the electron transport chain at the same time. Hence, with the above details we can conclude that the given statement is true.

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