1. Convert these from plus-minus notation to significant figures notation.
a. 65.316 mL + 0.05 mL.
b. 5.2 cm + 0.1 cm
c. 1.8642 km ± 0.22 km
d. 16.8°C ±1°C

From the calculation, the volume of the gas is 12.6 L

We can define the pressure of a gas as the force that the gas exerts per unit area of the container. Now we knw that we can be able to obtain the volume  of the gas by the use of the ideal gas equation.

Now;

Number of moles =  40g/58 g/mol = 0.69 moles

1 mole of butane occupies 22.4 L

0.69 moles of butane occupies  0.69 moles  *  22.4 L/ 1mole

= 15.5 L

Now;

P1 =760 Torr

V1 =  15.5 L

T1 = 273 K

P2 =  1000 Torr

V2 = ?

T2 =  18°C + 273 = 291 K

P1V1/T1 = P2V2/T2

P1V1T2 = P2V2T1

V2 = P1V1T2/P2T1

V2 = 760 Torr * 15.5 L * 291 K/1000 Torr * 273 K

V2 =12.6 L

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448 K is the final temperature of the water.

The specific heat capacity is defined as the quantity of heat (J) absorbed per unit mass (kg) of the material when its temperature increases by 1 K (or 1 °C), and its units are J/(kg K) or J/(kg °C).

Given,

the mass of Na is 23 g

The volume of water = 293 cm3

Mass of water = 293 g

Total solution mass = 23 g + 293 g = 316 g

Specific heat capacity of water = 4.18 J/Kg

The equation relating mass, heat, specific heat capacity and temperature change is:

q = mcΔT

197 kJ = 316 g x 4.18 J/Kg x ([tex]T_{finals} - T_ {initial}[/tex])

197 kJ = 316 g x 4.18 J/Kg x ( [tex]T_{finals}[/tex]-298 K)

0.1491429956 x 1000 =  [tex]T_{finals}[/tex]-298 K

149.1429956 + 298 = [tex]T_{finals}[/tex]

447.1429956 = [tex]T_{finals}[/tex]

448 K = [tex]T_{finals}[/tex]

Hence, 448 K is the final temperature of the water.

A high specific heat capacity means that it can store a large amount of thermal energy for a small change in mass or temperature.

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When the equation __[tex]NO_{2}[/tex] __[tex]H_{2} O[/tex] __[tex]O_{2}[/tex] → __[tex]HNO_{3}[/tex] is balanced, the coefficient of hno3 is 4.

An expression for a chemical reaction would be referred to as balanced if both the reactants as well as the products have an identical number of atoms with a total charge for each component of the reaction. In other words, two sides of the reaction have equal amounts of mass as well as charge.

The given unbalanced equation is  __[tex]NO_{2}[/tex] __[tex]H_{2} O[/tex] __[tex]O_{2}[/tex] → __[tex]HNO_{3}[/tex] .

It can be seen that the count of hydrogen in reactant side 2 on the other hand the count of hydrogen atom is 1.

By multiplying by 4 as the coefficient of  and [tex]NO_{2}[/tex]  and by 2 as the coefficient of water then equation will be balanced.

The balanced chemical equation will be expressed as:

4 [tex]NO_{2}[/tex]  + 2[tex]H_{2} O[/tex]  +[tex]O_{2}[/tex] → 4[tex]HNO_{3}[/tex] .

Therefore, when the equation __[tex]NO_{2}[/tex] __[tex]H_{2} O[/tex] __[tex]O_{2}[/tex] → __[tex]HNO_{3}[/tex] is balanced, the coefficient of hno3 is 4.

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The molarity of an aqueous solution of isopropanol = 15.09 mol/L

Molality = 12.79 m

This gives that 12.79 moles of isopropanol is dissolved in 1000 grams of water.

Density = 1.180 g/mL

We know that,

Density= mass/volume

volume = mass/density

            = 1000/1.180

Volume = 847.46 ml

Molarity can be defined as the mass of solute per liter of the solution.

Molarity = moles × 1000/volume ------> (1)

The moles of isopropanol in 847.46 ml solution is 12.79.

On substituting in (1)

Molarity = 12.79 × 1000/847.46

Molarity= 15.09 mol/L

The molarity of aqueous solution of isopropanol is 15.09 mol/L

The number of moles of solute in a solution equal to 1 kg or 1000 g of solvent is referred to as its molality.

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Frameshift mutation refers to the addition (insertion) or removal (deletion) of one or more coding sequence letters (nucleic acids).

The insertion or deletion of nucleotide bases in amounts that are not multiples of three is referred to as a frameshift mutation in a gene. This is significant because a cell reads the genetic code for proteins in groups of three nucleotides. These so-called "triplet codons" each stand for one of the 20 different amino acids that go into making a protein.

The entire gene sequence after the mutation will be misread if a mutation alters this regular reading frame. This may lead to the incorrect amino acids being added to the protein or the development of a codon that prevents the protein from getting longer.

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Tetrahedral geometry is obtained when the central atom is bonded with four atoms.

Tetrahedral literally means "having four faces" because the prefix tetra- specifies four and the suffix -hedral denotes a face of a solid. This shape develops when there are no lone electron pairs and four bonds are all on the same core atom. According to the VSEPR theory, the bond angles between the electron bonds are 109.5°.

Tetrahedral molecules include methane (CH4) as one example. The four comparable bonds in three dimensions correspond to the four corners of a tetrahedron centered on the carbon atom, and they point in the same four geometric directions. Compounds with this molecular shape will have the formula AX4.

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Answer:

tetrahedral

Explanation:

Central atom has:

4 bonded atoms

0 lone pairs

VSEPR shape: tetrahedral

Molecule structure: tetrahedral

Energy was given out in the process as such the reaction must be exothermic given the loss of energy.

The reaction profile shows the the interaction between substances. Now the vertical axes shows the energy while the horizontal axes shows the course of the reaction. The hump at the top of the profile shows the activation energy. The activation energy is the maximum energy that is required for reactants to cross the barrier and become products.

Now we know that the endothermic reaction is one in which energy is taken in while an exothermic reaction is one in which energy is given out.

As such we can see from the graph that the energy of the reactants is greater than that of the products. This implies that energy was given out in the process as such the reaction must be exothermic given the loss of energy.

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The molecular of the compound will be-(H₂CO₃)1= H₂CO₃

The given molecule has the molecular formula H2CO3, also known as Carbonic acid.

Given that-

Consequently,

H= 3.3%.

C=19.3%

O =77.4%

Number of H moles = 3.3/1 = 3.3

Number of C moles = 19.3/12 = 1.60

Number of O moles = 77.4/16 = 4.83

As a result, the ratio of C, H, and O atoms is 3.3: 1.60: 4.83.

Divide by the amount you obtain that is the smallest: 3.3/1.60; 1.60/1.60; 4.83/1.60 = 2: 1: 3

H2CO3 is the empirical formula.

Let (H2CO3)n be the molecular formula.

A molecular formula is a chemical formula that specifies how many atoms of each element there are in each molecule of a given substance.

Molar mass thus equals (21+112+3X16)n = 62n.

As per the inquiry, 62n = 60

alternatively, n= 0.96 (round figure is 1)

Therefore, carbonic acid is the chemical whose molecular formula is (H2CO3)1=H2CO3.

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Soil particles, soot, lead (pb), asbestos, sea salt, and sulfuric acid droplets are all types of particulate matter.

The atmosphere is dusty .The solid and liquid particles suspended in the atmosphere .

Examples : Soil particles, soot, lead (pb), asbestos, sea salt, and sulfuric acid droplets are all types of particulate matter

There are different categories of particulate matter. Such as mold spores , bacteria , dust , smoke and airborne viral paricles. The major sources of particulates matter are wildfires , dust storms , sea spray , volcanic eruption , and industrial process.

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Answer:

Three different atoms or atomic cations with 25 electrons = Mn ,Fe¹+ ,Co²+ ,Ni³+ ,Cu⁴+

The products of hydrolysis when the polypeptide is treated with  chymotrypsin are endo-peptidases.

Chymotrypsin is a digestive enzyme that breaks down protein in the  form of  small intestine .This  enzyme is a substance that speeds up certain chemical reactions in the body.

A digestive enzyme is a specialized protein that breaks down  the substances in the digestive tract by catalyzing  biochemical reactions.

The chymotrypsin active site consists of aspartic acid, serine, and histidine amino acid residues.

Chymotrypsin works primarily due to its hydrophobic pocket in the active site.

Products of hydrolysis  when the polypeptide is treated with chymotrypsin are endo-peptidases.

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The concentration of HCl contained in the final solution is 0.95 M.

Here, we use the dilution formula, which is,

M (V₁ + V₂) = M₁V₁ + M₂V₂

where,

M = resultant concentration

M₁ = concentration of HCl

V₁ = volume of HCl

M₂ = concentration of NaOH

V₂ = volume of NaOH

Given,

M₁ = 1 M

V₁ = 90 cm³ = 90 mL

M₂ = 0.5 M

V₂ = 10 cm³ = 10 mL

To find,

M =?

Put the values in the above formula,

M (V₁ + V₂) = M₁V₁ + M₂V₂

M (90 + 10) = (1 × 90) + (0.5 × 10)

M × 100 = 90 + 5

M × 100 = 95

M = 95/100

M = 0.95 M

Therefore, the concentration of HCl contained in the final solution is 0.95 M.

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If the change in entropy of the surroundings for a process at 451 k and constant pressure is -326 j/k, then heat flow absorbed (in kj) by the system is -147.026kJ.

The entropy of particle is defined as how random it move. It shows the randomness of the system or may be disorders of the system. It is used to measure the unavailable energy for performing useful work.

Unit of entropy = J/K

∆s = ∆Q/T

where,

∆s = change in entropy of the surrounding = -326J/K

∆Q = heat absorbed from surrounding

T = Temperature = 451K

∆Q = ∆s × T

∆Q = -326 × 451

∆Q = 147,026 J

∆Q = 147.026 kJ

Thus we find that the heat absorbed by the system is 147.026 kJ.

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The molar absorptivity () of benzoic acid at 228 nm? assume that the path length is 1. 00 cm is = 11178 M-1. cm-1

We are given, absorbance spectrum and from that the absorbance of benzoic acid at 228 nm

Absorbance = 0.8

Now we need to calculate the molar absorptivity of benzoic acid at 228 nm

We know at the 228 nm the A = 0.8 and C = 8.74 mg/L.

We also given the l = 1 cm

Moles of benzoic acid = 0.00874 g / 122.12 g.mol-1

                                  = 7.16*10-5 moles

So, C of benzoic acid = 7.16*10-5 moles / L

We know the

ε = A/C*l

 = 0.80 / 7.16*10-5 M. 1 cm

 = 11178 M-1. cm-1

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Explanation:

The similarities between chemical and physical changes include change in state of matter and both process involve change in energy.

Chemical changes of a substance results in the formation of entirely new substances. These changes are not reversible.

Physical changes results in the change of the state of the substance which can be reversed.

However, both chemical and physical changes results in change of state of matter and both process results in change in energy.

Thus, we can conclude that the similarities between chemical and physical changes include change in state of matter and both process involve change in energy.

(it's alre answered but here it again 'NOTE: not my answer')

The hydrolysis of phosphatidylinositol 4,5‑bisphosphate (pip2) by phospholipase C generates inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate ( [tex]IP_{3}[/tex] ) and diacylglycerol (DAG) secondary messengers.

The small molecules and ions relay signals received by cell-surface receptors to effector protein is referred as second messenger.Examples of secondary messengers are cyclic AMP,cyclic GMP inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate ( [tex]IP_{3}[/tex] ) ,diacylglycerol (DAG) ,and calcium. [tex]IP_{3}[/tex] induces a transient increase in intracellular free [tex]Ca^{+2}[/tex] ,whereas DAG directly activates protein kinase C.

There are two distinct kinds of signaling pathways that use phosphatidylinositol. Phospholipase C breaks down phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate to create IP3, which serves as a crucial part of the Ca-signaling mechanism described earlier.

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One isomer is formed

1,1- Dichloroethane is the isomer.

If another hydrogen of c2h5cl is replaced by a chlorine atom to yield c2h4cl2, it would result in one isomer.

These are the three different categories of structural isomers.

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Answer:

A.) 1:1

Explanation:

You can determine the mole ratio between substances by comparing their coefficients in the balanced equation. Both Cl₂ and Br₂ have coefficients of 1. Therefore, they have a 1 to 1 (1:1) relationship.

If you were comparing the mole ratio of Cl₂ and NaBr, they would have a 1:2 relationship because Cl₂ has a coefficient of 1 and NaBr has a coefficient of 2.

The reaction between m-cresol and sodium hydroxide will create sodium m-cresolate and water.

The structure of the organic creation (sodium m-cresolate) and the reaction is described in the attached picture.

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Answer:

16 moles

Explanation:

from the equation:

4Fe + 3O2 -----> Fe2O3

the mole ratio of Fe to O2 follows,

3 moles O2 reacts with 4 moles Fe.

therefore,

1 mole O2 reacts with 4/3 moles Fe

and 12 moles O2 reacts with (4/3) × 12 moles Fe = 16 moles

Answer:

9.0 moles of O2 and produce 6.0 moles of Fe2O3

Explanation:

Fe→Fe3++3e− iron. Is oxidised: it's losing electrons

O2+4e−→2O2− oxygen Is reduced, it's gaining electrons

Balance for the electrons.

The smallest common product of 3 and 4 Is 12.

So we get:

4Fe→4Fe3++12e−

3O2+12e−→6O2−

Adding:

4Fe+3O2+12e−→4Fe3++12e−+6O2−

The electrons balance so they cancel out:

4Fe+3O2→4Fe3++6O2−

Since Fe and O can combine in a ratio of 2:3

4Fe+3O2→4Fe3++6O2−→2Fe2O3

Extra :

Pure iron. won't rust, because the oxide layer would form a protective skin (as aluminium does). It needs some impurities (mainly carbon) and, apart from the oxygen, some moisture -- even carbondioxide 'helps'. In that case iron.-hydroxy-oxides and -carbonates are formed, and these flake, no longer protecting the iron. underneath.

Cyclohex-2-en-1-one product would be obtain from intramolecular aldol condensation of 5-oxohexanal.

The condensation reaction in which two ketone groups and aldehyde group in the same molecule are called Intramolecular Aldol Condensation. Intramolecular Aldol Condensation occurs in five or six membered α, β- unsaturated aldehyde or ketones are formed.

Thus from the above conclusion we can say that Cyclohex-2-en-1-one product would be obtain from intramolecular aldol condensation of 5-oxohexanal.

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Answer: Use the pH  scale.

Explanation:

The amount of barium ions that must be present in order for the salt to precipitate is 0.245 M.

A solution's solubility product is the result of raising each ion's concentration to the power of its stoichiometric ratio. It is portrayed as

A combination of 1 barium ion and 2 fluoride ions results in the ionic compound known as barium fluoride.

The following equation describes the equilibrium reaction for barium fluoride ionization:

BaF₂ → Ba²⁺ + 2F⁻

Ksp = [Ba²⁺] · [F⁻]²

2.45*[tex]10^{-5}[/tex]= [Ba²⁺] * [tex][1. 00*10^{-2} ]^{2}[/tex]

[Ba²⁺]=0.245 M

As a result, 0.245 M of barium ions must be present in order for the salt to precipitate.

Solubility in chemistry refers to a chemical's capacity to dissolve in another substance, the solvent, to produce a solution. Inability of the solute to create such a solution is the opposite quality, or insolubility. A substance's degree of solubility in a given solvent is often determined by the amount of the solute present in a saturated solution, which is a solution in which no additional solute can be dissolved. The solubility equilibrium between the two compounds is considered to have been reached at this time. If there is no such restriction for a given solute and solvent, the two are referred to as being "miscible in any amounts."

What concentration of the barium ion, ba2 , must be exceeded to precipitate baf2 from a solution that is 1. 00×10−2 m in the fluoride ion, f−? ksp for barium fluoride is 2. 45×10−5

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Answer:

21.92 gm

Explanation:

A 1.5 M  solution would have 1.5 * 58.44 = 87.66 gm per liter

   you only need 1/4 of this (250 ml)    =  21.92 gm

The resulting solution made from the combination of 50 ml of 1.0 M LiOH with 50 ml of 1.0 M HBr will be identical in all respects to 100 ml of 0.5 M LiBr.

Molarity (M) is defined as the number of moles of solutes dissolved in 1L of solution. Molarity is also known as Molar concentration. The S.I unit of Molarity is molar (M) or mol/L.

It is expressed as:

Molarity = [tex]\frac{\text{Number of moles}}{\text{Volume (in L)}}[/tex]

Number of moles = Molarity × Volume

Moles of LiOH = 1.0 × 0.05         [1 ml = 0.001 L]

                        = 0.05 mol

Moles of HBr = 1.0 × 0.05         [1 ml = 0.001 L]

                      = 0.05 mol

Now put the values in above formula we get

Molarity = [tex]\frac{\text{Number of moles}}{\text{Volume (in L)}}[/tex]

             = [tex]\frac{0.05}{0.1}[/tex]

             = 0.5 M LiBr

Thus from the above conclusion we can say that The resulting solution made from the combination of 50 ml of 1.0 M LiOH with 50 ml of 1.0 M HBr will be identical in all respects to 100 ml of 0.5 M LiBr.

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A more strong base is added until the equivalence point is reached. The ph of this solution at the equivalence point if the total volume is 57. 0 mill is 9.8

The potential of Hydrogen is what pH is formally known as. The negative logarithm of the concentration of H+ ions is known as pH. Thus, the definition of pH as the amount of hydrogen is provided. The hydrogen ion concentration in a solution is described by the pH scale, which also serves as a gauge for the solution's acidity or basicity.

The pH scale determines how acidic or basic water is. The range is 0 to 14, with 7 representing neutrality. Acidity is indicated by pH values below 7, whereas baseness is shown by pH values above 7. In reality, pH is a measurement of the proportion of free hydrogen and hydroxyl ions in water.

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The value of k for this aqueous reaction at 298 k a b↽−−⇀c  dδ°=10. 35 KJ/mol is 30.37 mol.

K is the song which is used to donate the equilibrium of a reaction and the equilibrium of the reaction can only be obtained when the concentration of reactant is equal to the concentration of the product.

K is also known as the equilibrium constant.

δG or dδ° = - R T In K

                     R = universal gas constant

                     T = 298 k or 24.4Celciuss

                      dδ°= 10. 35

substituting the value in the equation

10. 35 = - 8.313 ×  24.4 celcius  In k

 In k =  - 8.313 ×  24.4 celcius / 10. 35

 In k = 30.37 mol.

Therefore, the value of k for this aqueous reaction at 298 k a b↽−−⇀c  dδ°=10. 35 KJ/mol is 30.37 mol.

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Answer 6

Explanation: That means a carbon atom has 6 protons, 6 neutrons, and 6 electrons.

At the most basic level, in order to produce oxygen and a carbohydrate (comprised of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen), carbon dioxide must react with water as a source of hydrogen.

In order to construct carbohydrate molecules (often glucose) and release oxygen into the atmosphere, photosynthesis utilises carbon dioxide and water. Photosynthesis occurs in organelles called chloroplasts found in eukaryotic autotrophs like plants and algae.

Commonly used notation for photosynthesis is:

6CO[tex]_{2}[/tex] + 6H[tex]_{2}[/tex]O C[tex]_{6}[/tex]H[tex]_{12}[/tex]O[tex]_{6}[/tex] + 6O[tex]_{2}[/tex]

This indicates that the reactants, six carbon dioxide molecules and six water molecules, are transformed into a sugar molecule and six oxygen molecules, the products, by light energy being absorbed by chlorophyll.

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